Our Lady of Fatima University Valenzuela Campus

College of Nursing
Name : Juan Miguel M. Salvador Course/Year/Sec: BSN 1-Y1-11
Date : September 24, 2023 Teacher: Albert Gironella

EXERCISE NO. 4

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

GIO: To have a clear understanding of the parts and functions of skin and
its derivatives

SIO:

1. Enumerate the functions of the skin

The skin serves as a barrier to guard against dangerous mechanical, thermal, and physical forces. It
prevents water from evaporating. Our skin also mitigates the harmful effects of UV radiation. Our skin
also aids in the regulation of temperature and functions as a sensory organ (touch, temperature
detection). Finally, it aids in vitamin D production.

2. Illustrate and label the 2 layers of skin with their important features.

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous Tissue

3. Give the layers of the epidermis and describe each

Stratum Corneum- The stratum corneum is made up of adult keratin-filled dead and dying cells.
Desquamation is the process by which the newly forming cells of the stratum basale force the deeper
cells of the stratum corneum to the surface as they gradually lose their desmosomal connections.

Stratum Granulosum- The cells of the stratum granulosum gather dense basophilic keratohyalin
granules. These granules are essential for the keratin filament aggregation and growth of the cell
membrane in the stratum corneum cells. The "cement" that holds the stratum corneum together is
made up of the polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and lipids found in lamellar granules.

Stratum Lucidum- Only thick epidermis normally makes the stratum lucidum, which signifies the
transition from the stratum granulosum to the stratum corneum, readily apparent.

4. Give the layers of the dermis and describe each

The papillary layer is the outermost layer of your dermis. This dermis is considerably thinner than the
reticular dermis. There are touch receptors (Meissner corpuscles), collagen fibers, fibroblast cells, fat
cells, capillary loops, nerve fibers, phagocytes that fight germs, and capillary loops.

The reticular layer, on the other hand, is located in the dermis's lowest layer. In the reticular dermis,
blood vessels and connective tissue sustain the skin. Additionally, the reticular dermis includes organs
like sweat and oil glands, hair follicles, and other elements.