Diseño de ejes

Diseño de elementos mecanicos

 ▪ Mechanical elements of circular section
▪ They hold pieces that rotate jointly or around them
¿Whatare trees
▪ Tree or arrow: rotates transmitting power
and axes? ▪ Shaft: does not transmit power
▪ An axis (shaft) is a set of mechanical devices that
transmit rotary motion and power. It is part of any
mechanical system where power is transmitted from an
electric motor (or another) to other rotating parts of the
system.
 ▪ Material selection
▪ Construction design (geometric configuration) or
Shaftdesign ▪ Verification of resistance• Static•Fatigue• To dynamic
loads (for example peak loads)
stages ▪ Verification of stiffness•Torsion strain•Bending
deflection•Slope
 ▪ STEEL (the most used)
▪ Choose initially a carbon steel (low cost) or
▪ SAE 1020 to 1050, for example 1035, 1040, 1045
▪ If the strength criteria dominate the deformations:
select higher strength steels
Common ▪ SAE 3140, 4140 or 4340 alloy steels
materials ▪ Others: 3150, 5140, 1340, 1350 and 8650 Budynas and
Nabett, 2008)

▪ Cast or nodular iron (for parts integrated into the shaft)

▪ Bronzes and stainless steels (for corrosive
environments)
 Geometric
configurationsand
details
 ▪ 1. Determine the speed of rotation of the shaft.
▪ 2. Calculate the torque or power that the shaft must
transmit.
▪ 3. Determine the design of the power transmissions and
specify the place of location.
Procedureto ▪ 4. Specify the location of the support elements (bearing,
bearings)
designa shaft ▪ 5. Propose the geometry for the axis considering the
form of axial position in which each element will be
maintained on the axis and how the power is
transmitted.
▪ .6. Determine the magnitude of the torque that develops
at each point on the axis.
 ▪ 7. Determine the forces acting on the shaft in the radial
and axial directions.

▪ 8. Resolve the radial forces into their vertical and

horizontal components.
▪ 9. Calculate the reactions in each plane on the supports
Procedureto (bearings).

designa shaft ▪ 10. Determine a design effort.

▪ 11. Analyze each critical point on the shaft to determine
the diameter.
▪ 12.Specify the final dimensions for each axis point
Proposedshaft
dimensions
 ▪ Gears, sprockets, pulleys, and other items that are
Forcesexertedby supported on a shaft exert forces on the shaft and cause
bending moment. In general, the principles of statics
machine elements and dynamics are used to calculate the forces on a
onshafts particular element.