Foundation construction

1. Site Preparation:
- Clear the construction site of vegetation and debris.
- Excavate the area to the required depth.
- Deeper excavations are often made for column pedestals to provide extra
support

2. Footing Excavation:
- Dig trenches for the footings according to the layout. Footings are wider
and deeper than the rest of the foundation to distribute the load.
3. Formwork Construction for Footings:
- Build formwork for the footings
- Ensure that the formwork is properly aligned, level, and securely anchored
to the ground.

4. Footing Construction with Formwork:

- Pour concrete into the formwork for the footings.

Shuttered after
curing

Curing period

5. Waterproofing Footings:
- After the concrete footings have cured sufficiently, apply a waterproofing
membrane to the exterior surfaces of the footings.

Waterproofing helps
prevent moisture
infiltration into the
foundation and
protects against water-
related damage.
6. Reinforcement of Footings:
- Place steel rebar reinforcement within the footings according to
engineering plans. Ensure proper spacing and tying.

Use spacers to maintain the correct

7. Column Layout:
- Determine the locations and dimensions of the concrete columns within the
footings, based on the building's design and load distribution.

8. Formwork and reinforcement for Columns:

- Construct formwork for the concrete columns within the footings.
- Ensure that the formwork is properly aligned, level, and securely anchored
to the footings.
- Add steel reinforcement to the pedestrian columns(premade).

Reinforcement
enhances the
structural strength
and load-bearing
capacity of the
columns.
9. Concrete Column Construction:
- Mix concrete according to the required specifications for the columns.
- Pour concrete into the formwork for each column, ensuring it reaches the
desired height and shape.
- Use appropriate tools to level and finish the top surface of the columns.
10. Shuttering of Columns:
- Allow the concrete columns to cure to a suitable strength.
- Remove the formwork used for the columns, revealing the finished concrete
columns.