ANTHELMINTICS * ANTIPARASITIC ANTIBIOTICS G TREAT INFECTIONS by PARASITIC WORMS or HELMINTHS VERMIFUGES VERMICIDES G STUN HELMINTHS GILL HELMINTHS * HELMINTH is used for many MULTICELLULAR, WORM- LIKE PARASITES that can INFECT HUMANS GcesTopes, TREMATODES, & NEMATODES CoysticeRcosis + NEMLY HATCHED LARYRE BURROW its DIFFERENT TAPEWORMS —TAENIA SOLIUM PARTS TAENIASIS. LIVE OFF NUTRIENT-RICH FLUID Z : esac colnet Soy ~ ABDOMINAL PAIN ~~ NAUSEA ~ DIARRHEA ~ WEIGHT-LOSS, 50,000 EGGS! =TREMATODES LIVER FLUKE: "FLUKES' CLONORCHIS FREE SWIMMING LARVA OPISTHORCHIS cus, QC aon PENETRATE through HAIR FoLuictes te CAPILLARY BEDS unnes KD) Cree mm BLOOD @ SCHISTOSOMA BURROWS thraugh L INTESTINAL WALL -~ SCHISTOSOMIASIS Ste LIVER & BILE DUCT (SNAIL FEVER) CREED an BILE NEMATODES "ROUNDWORMS" 4) SWALLOWED CMATURE inte ADULT WORMS in the INTESTINES CSEVERE INFECTIONS —> COMPLETE OBSTRUCTION of the INTESTINES 3) GOUGHED UP into the ORAL CAVITY 2) BORE through GUT to BLOODSTREAM then to LUNGS: 1) HATCH into LARVAE Car SYMPTOMS STACASCRrTION DIARRHEA TASDOMINAL Pan 4 MOST COMMON SPECIES is ASCARIS SASCARISISNEMATODES %* ENTEROBIUS (pinworms) GHATCH in the SMALL INTESTINE LIVE in the COLON [LAY €GGS in NEARBY * WHIPWORMS GF un. GHATCH in the SMALL INTESTINE ITCHING GBurrow into INTESTINAL MUCOSA INTESTINES %* NECATOR AMERICANUS (hookworms) & STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS (threadworms) GHATCH in SOIL Ces, w/ FECES w/ their EGGS = NEMATODES * FILARIAL WORMS. GNEED an INSECT as an INTERMEDIATE HOST LOA LOA __GINVADES SKIN & EVES WURCHERERIA BANCROFT! \SINVADES the LYMPHATIC. } VESSELS BLACK FLIES GecepuanTiasis SS MosauIToEsANTHELMINTICS * ANTINEMATODAL AGENTS * ANTIPLATYHELMINTIC AGENTS G TREAT FLUKES & TAPEWORMS ANTIPLATYHELMINTICS PRAZIQUANTEL 1“ LINE THERAPY vs MOST TAPEWORMS SIDE EFFECTS & FLUKES, * MILD % WELL ABSORBED in GI TRACT » HEADACHES % T MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY of CALCIUM » FATIGUE IONS in the PARASITES Gmuscte PARALYSIS & DEATH % METABOLIZED by CYTOCHROME p450 GINDUGERS of this ENZYME can {EFFECTIVENESS % LIMITED EFFECTIVENESS vs. NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS # for OCULAR CYSTIGERCOSIS, CONTRAINDICATED Gpeap worms —> PERMANENT EVE DAMAGE GsuraicAL REMOVALANTINEMATODAL BENZIMIDAZOLE eg, ALBENDAZOLE & MEBENDAZOLE * INHIBIT FORMATION of MICROTUBULES Form the CYTOSKELETON * ALBENDAZOLE G Ascariasis, PINWORMS, HOOKWORMS, & f WHIPWORMS GP LINE THERAPY for NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS SIDE EFFECTS * TERATOGENIC * BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION * LIVER TOXICITY ANTINEMATODAL PYRANTEL PAMOATE * PERORALLY * POORLY ABSORBED Gonty AFFECTS NEMATODES in GI TRACT » STIMULATES the MUSCLE’S NICOTINIC RECEPTORS UNCONTROLLED MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS G PARALYSIS & EXPULSION via STOOL % ALTERNATIVE 4» BENDAZOLES DOES NOT AFFECT WHIPWORMS or TAPEWORMS SIDE EFFECTS * MILD »* HEADACHES » GI SYMPTOMSANTINEMATODAL IVERMECTIN * INTERFERES w/ NS of INVERTEBRATES BINDS fo GLUTAMATE-GATED CHLORIDE CHANNELS cr * MEDICATION of CHOICE vs. THREADWORMS 2s LINE MEDICATION for ASCARIS % HOOKWORMS, wes, SDE EFFECTS. ‘Ch * DIZZINESS HYPERPOLARIZED * MUSCLE PAINS: ~ CANT FIRE + NAUSEA » DIARRHEA ANTINEMATODAL DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE % TREATMENT of CHOICE for WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI & LOA LOA FILARIAL WORMS: * CHANGES the CELL MEMBRANE GeASIER for IMMUNE SYSTEM to TARGET & REMOVE SIDE EFFECTS * ITCHING * FACIAL SWELLING * HEADACHES % VISION Loss,Wisiow L038, ]