Impact-Of-Pwd-Id-Final-Concept 1

The impact of PWD ID in enhancing the lives…| 1
DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA
THE IMPACT OF PWD ID IN ENHANCING THE LIVES OF PERSON WITH

DISABILITIES IN BARANGAY ISABANG, TAYABAS CITY
___________________________
A Thesis Presented to
The Faculty of Public Administration
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng Lucena
Lucena City
_____________________________
In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Public
Administration
by
Escobar, Noime C.
Lusanta, Precious Anne
Mendeja, Ralph
May, 2023
BACHELOROFSCIENCEINPUBLICADMINISTRATION
Title : THE IMPACT OF PWD IN ENHANCING THE LIVES OF PERSONS

WITH DISABILITIES IN BARANGAY ISABANG, TAYABAS CITY
Proponents: Noime C. Escobar, Preciouse Anne Lusanta, Ralph Mendeja
Rationale
People with disabilities have always been a part of society. Social constructs and
ways of thinking have framed society’s views and how people with disabilities were
treated. These constructs and ideas of what disability is still framed our society and
thinking today.
Objectives
This study aims to analyze the impact of the PWD ID in enhancing the lives of persons
with disabilities in Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas City.
Specifically, it seeks to attain the following:
1. Describe the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Education Attainment
1.4 Employment Status
1.5 Monthly Income
1.6 Type of Disability
2. Identify the respondents’ mostly availed services through the use of PWD ID as
to:
2.1 Health Care Services
2.2 Education
2.3 Employment
2.4 Transportation
3. To evaluate the impact of PWD ID in enhancing the sense of:
3.1 Identity
3.2 social
4. Find the significant difference in the impact of PWD ID in enhancing the sense
of; identity, social and economic.
5. Create infographics for information about the impact of having a PWD ID on
persons with disabilities based on the finding of the study.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the related literature and studies that the researchers use as
basic information. This research study cited books, articles, and journals to gather
information relevant to the present study. It also provides explanations and logical
connections between previous researchers and present work.
WHAT IS PWD ID?
In the Philippines, the PWD ID serves as the common form of identification for
PWDs. It is issued by the city/municipal social welfare and development office where the
cardholder resides or the persons with disability affairs office. The PWD discounts and
other perks required by law may be utilized with this ID card.
According to the National Council on Disability Affairs Administrative Order No.
001 series of 2021, the PWD ID is valid for five years. In line with this, Senator Sonny
Angara is advocating for PWD IDs to have a lifetime validity so that people with
disabilities especially those who have physical impairments and mobility issues do not
need to renew their PWD IDs every five years. When issued for the first time, the PWD
ID is free. PWD ID renewal due to expiration, damage, or loss carries a small cost.
Who is a PWD, exactly? Republic Act 10754 defines persons with disability as
those with "long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments" that
interfere with their interactions in society and makes it possible for any Filipino with a
permanent handicap to apply for a PWD ID.
According to Rohwerder's (2018) research, misconceptions about the causes and types
of disabilities, misunderstandings about the abilities of people with disabilities (such as
the belief that they are unable to contribute financially or engage in intimate
relationships), and proposed and implemented policies that do not support people with
disabilities are all major contributors to disability stigma.
Olkin (1999) explained that initial negative sentiments reduce upon acquaintance
with the individual and knowledge that disability is simply one trait and that first
impressions, appearance, and the degree of one's impairment could, in fact, impact
attitudes. It has been demonstrated that greater interaction, familiarity, and realistic
learning opportunities regarding disabilities (that are not based on media depictions) can
lead to more positive attitudes about PWDs and disabilities in general.
HEALTH CARE SERVICES
For all drugstore purchases of pharmaceuticals, there will be a minimum 20%
discount. Discounts of at least 20% will be applied to all diagnostic and laboratory
expenses as well as the professional fees of attending physicians in all private hospitals
and healthcare facilities savings of at least 20% on domestic air and ferry fares.
Due to its widespread adoption, Short Message Service (SMS) has developed into
a crucial service for those with communication disorders. Conversational services with
inadequate functionality and incompatibility that are accessible to people with disabilities
have a terrible past. Governments and organizations have recognized that persons with
disabilities have inferior access to communication services and emergency services, and
as a result, there are numerous robust and well-crafted policy expressions and regulations
in place. The associated architectural standard is the primary document for IP emergency
services in the IETF ( Tschofenig,2013).
EDUCATION
Educational assistance to PWD, for them to pursue primary, secondary, tertiary,
post-tertiary, as well as vocational or technical education, in both public and private
schools, through the provision of scholarships, grants, financial aids, subsidies and other
incentives to qualified PWD, including support for books, learning materials, and uniform
allowance to the extent feasible.
EMPLOYMENT
Today, the employment of people with disabilities is seen not only as a civil rights
issue but also as a practical boon for businesses. Employing people with disabilities has
been shown to benefit businesses, for example, as a result of lower turnover, increased
productivity, and access to a broader pool of skilled workers. For people with disabilities,
employment means greater economic self-sufficiency, an opportunity to use their skills
and more active participation in community life.
TRANSPORTATION
When compared to the general population, people with disabilities (PWD) have
significantly fewer mobility and transportation options to access places and spaces
(Casas, 2007). "Transport disadvantage" refers to the details and effects of transportation
challenges among diverse disadvantaged populations (Currie and Delbosc, 2011, Currie
et al., 2009, Currie and Stanley, 2007, Denmark, 1998, Hine and Mitchell, 2003).
Transport inequities have an impact on people's social and psychological well-being
(Delbosc and Currie, 2011b). According to Currie and Delbosc (2011), who conducted a
review of the literature on the transit disadvantage, the disadvantage is more pronounced
among the few studies that take people with disabilities into account (Currie, 2004,
Dodson et al., 2004, Murray and Davis, 2001, Wixey et al., 2005). According to the
World Health Organization and the World Bank (2011), this disadvantage exacerbates
the daily exclusion that PWD experience (Crow, 1996; Kitchin, 1998) and has an impact
on every aspect of their lives, including employment, health, education, social
involvement, and leisure. According to Meekosha and Dowse (1997), one of the
fundamental conditions for social engagement and citizenship is the right of all people to
equitable access to transportation.
People with disabilities have real emotions of isolation as a result of being cut off
from basic community involvement, work prospects, social activities, and medical visits.
Seniors can ride local fixed-route services for free while the local public transit
system is operational thanks to the free transit program. You must be 65 years of age or
older to qualify. You must have a senior transit identification card to ride for free. The
card is accessible from participating local transit providers without cost. The transit
operator will require a driver's license or other recognized proof of age document before
issuing you an identification card.
When trying to use public transit independently, people with disabilities face
significant challenges due to inaccessible bus stops. Poorly marked stops, stops located in
dangerous areas, and stops that are inaccessible to people in wheelchairs are all examples
of barriers. 20% of all public transit stops nationwide did not exceed accessibility
standards as of 2019, according to the Federal Transit Administration. Snowfall
significantly hinders fixed-route transit systems in locations with cold winters, rendering
even accessible bus stations unpredictable and momentarily unavailable.
IDENTITY
The most fundamental barriers are those that affect attitudes and cause other
barriers. For instance, some people might not be aware that obstacles to entering or
leaving a location can prevent someone with a handicap from taking part in daily life and
routine activities. Attitudinal impediments include, for example:
Stereotyping: Some people have preconceived notions about people with
disabilities, believing that they have a low quality of life or are unwell as a result of their
impairments.
Stigma, prejudice, and discrimination are societal attitudes that may be a result of
how people perceive disabilities. For example, people may view disabilities as a personal
tragedy, as a condition that needs to be treated or prevented, as a penalty for wrongdoing,
or as a sign that a person lacks the social skills necessary to function in society.
As we come to understand "disability" as what happens when a person's
functional demands are not met in his or her physical and social environment, society's
definition of disability is evolving today. It is simpler to identify and address issues that
all people including those with disabilities experience by not viewing disability as a
personal shortcoming or deficit and instead viewing it as a social responsibility that can
support all people in leading independent and fulfilling lives.
SOCIAL
People who use different methods of communication than those who do not have
these problems and who have hearing, speaking, reading, writing, or comprehension
0
disabilities encounter communication challenges. Communication difficulties include, for
instance:
0
Written health promotion messages with barriers make the message inaccessible
to those who have vision impairments. If you have hearing loss, you might not be able to
hear health messages that are presented by audio, such as those videos without captions,
and spoken conversations that are not accompanied by manual interpreting (like
American Sign Language). Long sentences, vocabulary with many syllables, and
technical jargon can all be major obstacles to understanding.
Theoretical Framework
PWD manage difficulties and problems in their family, surroundings, and society.
Those negative signals may be reinforced and the PWD's abilities and qualities may be
further oppressed, depending on the family's perspective on disability and the multiple
identities held. Based on the information they receive from specialists, which can also be
impacted by cultural views, families frequently have a negative understanding of
impairment. Families may assume that the PWD is incapably dependent on their
disabilities. Because of these encounters, it is essential to address issues and deliver
treatment that is culturally appropriate to interact with clients who have impairments and
the systems they navigate (Tapia-Fuselier & Ray, 2019). Understanding the challenges
experienced by PWD is the first step in providing attentive care.
Disability inclusion entails involving persons with disabilities in regular activities
and encouraging them to take on roles that are comparable to those of their peers without
1
impairments. Ensuring appropriate rules and procedures are in place in a community or
organization entails more than encouraging people. Increased involvement in socially
acceptable life roles and activities, such as being a student, worker, friend, community
member, patient, spouse, partner, or parent, should follow inclusion.
2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Input
Read journals, articles, and citations about the following:
The impact of PWD ID in the lives of persons with disabilities.
Benefits of having PWD ID.
Process
Survey people with disabilities in Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas City.
Output
Develop an Infographic that contains the impact of having a PWD ID of a person with a
disability.
3
Methodology
This chapter presents the research methodology that the researchers use to
complete this study. This includes the research locale, research design, population and
sampling, research instrument and data gathering and procedure.
Research Locale
The researchers will conduct the study at Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas
City to know the impact of having PWD ID in person with a disability.
Research Design
The research design employ in the study was the descriptive method. It may be
use to justify the current practice, make judgments, and develop theories.
This study uses descriptive research to determine the impact of having a PWD ID on the
lives of people with disabilities in Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas City.
Population and Sampling
A random technique procedure is use in the study. The random technique is a
way of selecting a sample of observations from a population to make inferences about
the population. The total the popular of PWD in Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang
Tayabas City is 700. Using the in’s formula, the researchers will be using a sample size of
two fifty-four (254).
4
The sample size was determined using Slovin’s Formula.
Formula: 𝒏 = 𝑵
𝟐
𝟏+𝑵𝒆
Where:
n is the sample size N is
the population size e is
the margin of error
𝑛=
𝑛=
𝑛 = 254
Research Instrument
The researchers create a self-made questionnaire to compile the data gathering
information about the impact of having PWD ID in the lives of persons with disabilities
in
Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas City.
5
Data Gathering procedure
Before the administration of the instrument, the researchers comply with the
requirements, such as transmitting or obtaining permission and approval or validation of
the instrument. Questionnaires were distributed to the selected person with disabilities the
researchers view each questionnaire to be sure that no items were left unanswered then
they recorded the result of the questionnaire.
Statistical Data Analysis
The researchers will employ these mathematical approaches to examine the data from the
questionnaires.
A. Percentage Formula
This formula will be use to determine the frequency distribution of the demographic
profile.
Formula:
𝑷 = 𝒇/𝑵𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
Where: P –
Percentage f
– Frequency
6
N – Total number of respondents
B. Weighted Mean
The weighted mean formula will be use to calculate the general average of the
answers of the respondents about the calculation of the response to the impact of PWD
ID in enhancing the life of a person with disabilities.
The formula for weight arithmetic mean:
5f+4f+3f+2f+1f
WM=
Where: WAM = Weight Arithmetic Mean
∑ = Summation
F = Frequency
W = Weight of each option n=
Total number of Respondent
References
Okoro CA, Hollis ND, Cyrus AC, Griffin-Blake S. Prevalence of Disabilities and
Health Care Access by Disability Status and Type Among Adults — United
States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:882–887.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6732a3external icon
7
Carroll D, Courtney-Long E, Stevens A, Sloan M, Lullo C, Visser S, Fox M,
Armour B, Campbell V, Brown D, and Dorn, J. Disability and Physical Activity – United
States, 2009-2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2014.
World Health Organization, International classification of functioning, disability
and health. Geneva:2001, WHO. p. 214. Source: World Health Organization; available
at https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/notes/2012/child_disabilities_violence_201207
12/en/
Hannes Tschofenig, Henning Schulzrinne (2013) Emergency Services for
Person with Disabilities
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/disabilitybarriers.html
Simon Darcy,Paul Francis Burkey (2017) The Barriers and Benefits of
Automobility for the people with disability
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S096585

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The impact of PWD ID in enhancing the lives…| 1

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

THE IMPACT OF PWD ID IN ENHANCING THE LIVES OF PERSON WITH

In Partial Fulfillment of the

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

Title : THE IMPACT OF PWD IN ENHANCING THE LIVES OF PERSONS

Proponents: Noime C. Escobar, Preciouse Anne Lusanta, Ralph Mendeja

with disabilities in Purok Masayahin, Brgy. Isabang Tayabas City.

Specifically, it seeks to attain the following:

1. Describe the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.3 Education Attainment

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

1.4 Employment Status

1.5 Monthly Income

1.6 Type of Disability

2.1 Health Care Services

3. To evaluate the impact of PWD ID in enhancing the sense of:

of; identity, social and economic.

5. Create infographics for information about the impact of having a PWD ID on

persons with disabilities based on the finding of the study.

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

connections between previous researchers and present work.

WHAT IS PWD ID?

other perks required by law may be utilized with this ID card.

According to the National Council on Disability Affairs Administrative Order No.

those with "long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments" that

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

permanent handicap to apply for a PWD ID.

of disabilities, misunderstandings about the abilities of people with disabilities (such as

disabilities are all major contributors to disability stigma.

lead to more positive attitudes about PWDs and disabilities in general.

HEALTH CARE SERVICES

For all drugstore purchases of pharmaceuticals, there will be a minimum 20%

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

services in the IETF ( Tschofenig,2013).

Educational assistance to PWD, for them to pursue primary, secondary, tertiary,

post-tertiary, as well as vocational or technical education, in both public and private

allowance to the extent feasible.

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

employment means greater economic self-sufficiency, an opportunity to use their skills

and more active participation in community life.

Transport inequities have an impact on people's social and psychological well-being

on every aspect of their lives, including employment, health, education, social

equitable access to transportation.

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

issuing you an identification card.

standards as of 2019, according to the Federal Transit Administration. Snowfall

even accessible bus stations unpredictable and momentarily unavailable.

DALUBHASAAN NG LUNGSOD NG LUCENA

routine activities. Attitudinal impediments include, for example:

Stereotyping: Some people have preconceived notions about people with

tragedy, as a condition that needs to be treated or prevented, as a penalty for wrongdoing,

As we come to understand "disability" as what happens when a person's

support all people in leading independent and fulfilling lives.

disabilities encounter communication challenges. Communication difficulties include, for

technical jargon can all be major obstacles to understanding.

impacted by cultural views, families frequently have a negative understanding of

disabilities. Because of these encounters, it is essential to address issues and deliver

experienced by PWD is the first step in providing attentive care.

Disability inclusion entails involving persons with disabilities in regular activities

impairments. Ensuring appropriate rules and procedures are in place in a community or

organization entails more than encouraging people. Increased involvement in socially