Aerodynamics for Engineering Students 6th Edition Houghton

Carpenter Collicott Valentine 0080966322 9780080966328

Full download at:
Solution Manual:
https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-aerodynamics-for-engineering-
students-6th-edition-houghton-carpenter-collicott-valentine-0080966322-
9780080966328/

SOLUTIONS MANUAL

Aerodynamics for
Engineering Students
Sixth Edition

E.L. Houghton

P.W. Carpenter

S.H. Collicott

D.T. Valentine

AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON

NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO
SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier
 SOLUTIONS MANUAL
for
Aerodynamics for engineering students, sixth edition
ISBN: 978-0-08-096632-8 (pbk.)
TL570.H64 2012
629.132’5dc23
CopyrightⓍc 2013
E. L. Houghton, P. W. Carpenter, Steven H. Collicott
and
Daniel T. Valentine

Chapter 6 solutions
1 Solutions to Chapter 6 problems
Problem 6.1: The pressure and temperature are given at the maximum diameter section of a
converging-diverging nozzle. In addition, the pressure difference as measured by a Pitot-static
tube is given for two measurement conditions at the throat of the flow passage. We assume
that the maximum diameter is well upstream of the throat and that the flow from this section
to the throat is isentropic. We also know that M t ≤ 1 at the throat. The problem has two parts.
We consider each part separately below:
(a) We are given the pressure and density at the maximum section. They are p = 101, 000
N/m/m and ρ = 1.2256 kg/m/m/m. We do not know the stagnation pressure because
we do not know the throat size and, hence, flow through this passage. We are given the
pressure drop across a Pitot-Static tube in the throat. The solution procedure requires
an iteration procedure. Hence, we guess the stagnation pressure to be po = 1.009p. We
adjust it until we get the answer to the problem. In this part, executing the MATLAB
script below, we get Dt = 123 mm.

% P 6.1 (a):
clear;clc
D = 150/1000; % m
Am = pi*D^2/4;
pm = 101000; % N/m/m
rhom = 1.2256; % kg/m/m/m
R = 0.287;
Tm = pm/R/rhom; % K
dp = (127/1000) * 1000*9.81; % N/m/m, dp = (po - p2) = po*(1-p2po)
po = 1.009*pm;
p2 = po - dp;
ppo = p2/po
Y=1.4;
AAstrt = (1/ppo)^(1/Y) * sqrt( ((Y-1)/2)*(2/(Y+1))^((Y+1)/(Y-1)) ...
* 1/( 1 - (ppo)^((Y-1)/Y) ) );
ppo1 = pm/po;
AAstrm = (1/ppo1)^(1/Y) * sqrt( ((Y-1)/2)*(2/(Y+1))^((Y+1)/(Y-1)) ...
* 1/( 1 - (ppo1)^((Y-1)/Y) ) );
AmAt = AAstrm/AAstrt;
Dt = sqrt(Am/AmAt)*1000

(b) We are given the pressure and temperature at the maximum section. They are p = 100, 300
N/m/m and T = 100oC. We do not know the stagnation pressure because we do not know
the throat size and, hence, flow through this passage. We are given the pressure drop
across a Pitot-Static tube in the throat. The solution procedure requires an iteration
procedure. Hence, we guess the stagnation pressure to be po = 1.009p. We adjust it until
we get the answer to the problem. In this part, executing the MATLAB script below, we
get Dt = 67 mm.

% P 6.1 (b):
clear;clc
D = 150/1000; % m
Am = pi*D^2/4;
pm = 100300; % N/m/m
R = 0.287;
Tm = 100 + 273; % K
rhom = pm/R/Tm;
dp = (127/1000) * 13534*9.81; % N/m/m, dp = (po - p2) = po*(1-p2po)
po = 1.009*pm;
 p2 = po - dp;
ppo = p2/po
Y=1.4;
AAstrt = (1/ppo)^(1/Y) * sqrt( ((Y-1)/2)*(2/(Y+1))^((Y+1)/(Y-1)) ...
* 1/( 1 - (ppo)^((Y-1)/Y) ) );
ppo1 = pm/po;
AAstrm = (1/ppo1)^(1/Y) * sqrt( ((Y-1)/2)*(2/(Y+1))^((Y+1)/(Y-1)) ...
* 1/( 1 - (ppo1)^((Y-1)/Y) ) );
AmAt = AAstrm/AAstrt;
Dt = sqrt(Am/AmAt)*1000

Problem 6.2: The pressure, temperature and Mach number of the airplane are given. They
are the static conditions of the free stream. We compute the stagnation pressure from the
isentropic flow tables (or MATLAB function provided with the M-files accompanying these
solutions). We next assume isentropic acceleration to the Mach number greater than one on
the wing at the model. The pressure coefficient at the location of the model is given. The
method of solution and the results are summarized in the MATLAB script below. Note that
the viscosity given in the answers to this problem is not correct; the exponent should be −5
instead of −3. Otherwise, the answers given are reasonable.
% Problem 6.2: MATLAB scratch pad
clear;clc
M = 0.87; Y = 1.4;
[Mstr,ppo,rro,TTo,AstrA,AAstr] = Isentropic_FlowF(M,Y);
% [Mstr’,ppo’,rro’,TTo’,AstrA’,AAstr’]
p = 46500; % N/m/m
po = p/ppo;
T = 273 - 24.6; % K
To = T/TTo;
R = 287;
% a = sqrt(Y*R*T)
rho = p/R/T; % kg/m/m/m
rhoo = po/R/To;
Cpm = -0.5;
dp = Cpm*0.7*M^2*p; % dp = pt - p
pt = p + dp
pt_po = pt/po
% Executed the code for several Mach numbers until ptpo was the same
% as pt_po computed above. Mt = 1.134 is the solution found.
[Mstrt,ptpo,rtro,TtTo,AstrAt,AtAstr] = Isentropic_FlowF(1.134,1.4);
[Mstrt’,ptpo’,rtro’,TtTo’,AstrAt’,AtAstr’]
Mt = 1.134, % Mt = 1.134
V = Mt*sqrt(Y*R*To*TtTo), % V = 342 m/s
0.7*pt*Mt^2, % 30,800 N/m/m
mur = 1.714e-5;
mu = mur * (TtTo*To/273)^(3/4), % See Example 1.3 for this formula
rhot = rtro*rhoo;
vu = mu/rhot % nu = 2.84 X 10^(-5) m*m/s

The isentropic flow function is listed below for convenience and completeness:
function [Mstr,ppo,rro,TTo,AstrA,AAstr] = Isentropic_FlowF(M,Y)
%
% Isentropic flow function
% INPUT: M, Y=cp/cv
% OUTPUT: M*, p/po, rho/rhoo, T/To, A*/A

2
% Coded by Daniel T. Valentine ............ Fall 2009/2012
% Step 1:
fac = (Y-1)/2;
ex1 = Y/(Y-1);
M2 = M.^2;
% Step 2: Computation of dimensionless properties in terms
% of the stagnation state of the gas:
% To/T
ToT = 1 + fac.*M2;
TTo = 1./ToT;
%po/p
pop = ToT.^ex1;
ppo = 1./pop;
% rhoo/rho
ror = pop.^(1/Y);
rro = 1./ror;
%A*/A
fc1 = 2/(Y+1);
fc2 = (Y-1)/(Y+1);
ex2 = (Y+1)/(2*(Y-1));
AstrA = M./((fc1+fc2.*M2).^ex2);
AAstr = (1./M).*(( 1 + M.^2.*(Y-1)./2 )./...
( (Y+1)/2 ) ).^( (Y+1)/(2*(Y-1)));
% M*
Mstr2 = ((Y+1).*M2./2)./(1+fac.*M2);
Mstr = sqrt(Mstr2);

Problem 6.3: The following script was executed to predict TAS and IAS. The TAS is 247
m/s. The IAS is 202 m/s. The latter is less than 8% lower than the answer given for IAS.
% Problem 6.3
M = 0.87;
T = 273-24.6;
p = 46500;
Y = 1.4;
R = 287;
a = sqrt(Y*R*T);
u = M*a, % TAS = 274 m/s
%
rhos = 0.66; % From Exercise 2.6
rhoa = 1.22; % From definition of IAS
IAS = u*sqrt(rhos/rhoa), % IAS = 202 m/s

Problem 6.4: The solution for the derivation requested is in Section 2.3.4 on pages 84-85 in
the text. The answer to the question raised is the limiting flight speed of approximately 70 m/s
to within one significant digit.
% Problem 6.4
clear;clc
% Assume
rho = 1.2256; R = 287; T = 273+15; p = rho*R*T; Y = 1.4;
M = 0.3; % This is the Mach number limit for 2% error (pg 85)
u = M*sqrt(Y*R*T); % Free stream if shape did not accelerate the flowu*(1-
.35), % u = 66 m/s

3
Another document from Scribd.com that is
random and unrelated content: