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Oncogenic Viruses
Tumor viruses
Intermediate stages
Immortalized
Hyperplastic
Preneoplastic
Multistep carcinogenesis
Cellular evolution
Cellular genetic instability
Repeated selection of rare cells
Growth advantage
Mutations
Activation of cellular oncogens
Inactivation of tumor supressor genes
Tumor virus usually acts a
cofactor
Cellular oncogenes
Oncogene is the general term given to genes that are
involved in cancer causation.
DLG, MAGI-1, MUPP1, members of a family of cellular proteins contain PDZ domains
PDGF, platelet derived growth factor
PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A
TRAF, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor
Tumor supressor genes
DIRECT ACTING
Tumor virus introduces a new «transforming gene» into
the cell
INDIRECT ACTING
Virus alters the expression of a preexisting cellular gene
or genes
Mechanisms of action of human cancer
viruses
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C virus
Retroviruses
Human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV)
HIV
HTLV
HTLV-1 is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia-
lymphomas (ATL)
Nervous system degenerative disorder tropical spastic
paraparesis