sinar For the ultimate image 1:84 Transparency tone range 116 Printing tone range at GSE Ss SESIT! fo FELIPE Fundamentals Image tone values Practical examples {A joint study by Black ox Corpor ‘As measured in tho fm plane, the image Photographer Dennis Savini werking in Pitsburgh.Quacoraphics of Pewaukee, contrast between lightest and darkest sig- Zurich, Switzerland, notes: “ave, Been Dothinthe USA, andby SINAR AG SCHAFF: icant detal should thus not exceed four using spot exposure readings in the fmt HAUSEN, Switzerland, fhally looked at a f-stops. We can then base our procedures plane for some sh years af fst withthe major question in SINAR Information No. 30: on he scale above. PrOFl-select Tt. for the lst four yours IK analysed in detall how ‘photographic With the SINARSIX-atytal, Module 2 and Image ertena relate to litho production and We can regard this as akind of zone system —SINAR DIGITAL shutter, and more recently ‘fist printing. One conctusion was that for for colour photography (with apologies to also withthe SINAR booster 1. That opened best results in print the image brightness Ansel Adams) In view camara photography my eyes what the fin can do ane what ‘ange, a8 measured in the camera's fim —itrefers to the most widely deed colours. can Go with i. Ths rellaies has made mo plane, should not exceed the equivalent of versal fms Ektactrome 64 Daylight Agla- more creative ~ but my breed-ano-butter four stops. ‘chrome SOAS, FuichromesORFP Dayight. assignments have aso benefitted Keeping wihin this limt offers important Once you memorise this scale you are'no A-solaction of examples wil show how this benefits: longer restricted to basing exposures on has worked out. mall casos I strt wth & = The, photographs reproduce better in midione readings ~ you can roly more and praconceWed pictonal idea. Sometimes 1 print tore on sxpoaing for abject tones any- apna beers ortnay omarge ly ~ Yougetteworcomplsintsandiessirction Wherein tho range, the course of vsuasation, between the cent. printer, Ithographer, It the contrast the image plane exceeds Forth fal exposure record the fm plane ar rector sre photographer four tstoos, there are varus ways of fe: moterreagings etheron an instante = Thanks to increased: exposure latitude ducing herange. Depending onthe subject. prior on ansoveray ove the tan youneed no bracketing exposures. youcan: nen fdelverthejab tothe con these data 'Not surprisingly printer, lithographs, art” mocty the lighting (ster genera um tel he thographor everything he neds to rectors and clients a increasing con- ation fin ight for shadows}. know the best guarantos for perfect repro ‘come that photographers should keep to ~ moly tho subject (making. surlaces duction imprint these brighthoss rango Imits. Ageing on mora or less ~reflectve) such guideines eliminates most problems — sacrifice detail in specif subject por- when the pictues are dolvered for the tons: or Process work. Here, too, communication ~ use other means such ae tims or softer ounts~the photographer and he ithogra- gradation e.g. eolour negative mater her or customer must each know whatthe instead of Warsparency fim), graduated ‘ther up againet orspecial effects ters, prefogthe fim by The aim ofthis information isto show ways an exposura through a Sittusing ite, oF ‘of measuring and controling the subject overexpose (by not more thar 4h stop) brightness range and contrast in view cam- and reduce the fst development tims ot era photography. ES ocessing Gut tio rake cobursinar For the ultimate image High-contrast ‘This covers stations of evenly distbuted tones from bright to dark but wh the con- twast in the fim plane in excess of Tour ftstops. CCutlory and black plato (cover picture) 5x7" SINAR p / 480 mm Apo Ronar lens Extachrome 64 Professional Daylght fim / Below nocd mask 2/ Minolta Fashmetor Wand SINAR booster 1/16 see at 22% ‘Approach and lighting “Photographers usualy tke contrast. With ‘some subjects that can become a chal Tenge, an ths sil ite. Here correct tox ture rendering involves making the most of the tone range trom the shiny metal tho ‘do0p black plate, yot with fal gradation the significant shapes and dota 1used two lamps, pointad at he subject through matt ‘opal difusors. The frst amp proved the reflections 1 wanted along the plate edge ‘and at 2 relatvely ight lovel—the aces ‘Sary metalic catchights (+). Tho second lamp ganerated the rounded reflections and ‘modeling inside the spoon. With the aid of ‘repeated reacings | reduced its intensity {o obtain ful highlight deta (+2). The othor rellectons were denved from various Sivored white, grey and black cards tat arranged aroundthe subject A yellow neon tube gave the setup a modemisic touch. Opatized Gas Meter readings: Thanks to TTL readings | managed to keep ihe subject brigthness range Tuly under Control, To.start wit, sed te acctrate hi hota Fashmoter IV and the now SINAR booster ? to monitor the catcnights ares {thor reflections inthe material eee check readings permitea caret and precise com {rol of te tone values. This also shows that the aim of contrast contro! wiin TTL spot readings in the fim plane is not necessary soft ighing to keep fll fone values within the range of four {stops for trouble-free reproduction. Mate- rials such as metal and black china demand Vigorous reproduction of a ful tone range. The rendering of the material texture do ‘pends on the catchights in the cutlery and {ho deop black plate areas. But by monitor ing the brightness range we can maintain ‘tall n the signiteant subject portions. (ith some subjects its possible fo resinet tne brightness range by toning down white areas By arrushing oF by panting blacks ark orey,) The cover picture was a multiple exposure. ‘The two significant reading points (tr 60- point contrast measuremon) wit the moter ‘robe outine anatneetterng onthe ground lass wore superimposed by successive se arate exposures.” tenth tasinar For the ultimate image ‘This covers scones of predominantly light tones. ‘Aperitve stil ife 435" SINAR p / 300 mm Sironar-N DB lens / Ektachrome 64 Daylight fim Bellows hood mask 2 / SINARSDC digital, Module 2 and SSINAR DIGITAL shutter/ Ys soc at 1224 Approach and lighting “1 was asked 10 photograph a refreshing Campari sit Ife for an advertising agoncy presantaton. {had fo show the specie’ “ems in the picture but otherwise had a tree ‘hana. Iackied this by seting up everyting ‘on chrome-plated metal sheet. Back ight ing through an opal dituser provided the ‘hoen, drops of water applied at various points enhanced the efect of eshiess. ‘One problem was correct balance between the back fighting and fin. The back ight was cleary tne main source, graduated from ‘rill white to vary palegrey. Yet the ight. ing had to presen the doleate glass and ‘metal outines agains tho background. The flsin ight was Yo provice modeling tothe labels ana oranges but had fo remain sub. vod. i set up the bellows hood 2 and pre Cisely adjusted 1s binds to. the mage does. Meter readings | balanced the lighting with the SINARSD digital, On the erighmness scale | assigned ‘+3 to boliant white. Then | controled the fone graduation By sight acjustmants of the lamp behind the goal difuser unt [had the ‘moter reaaings | wanted = from +2 in the ‘Backaround to +124 in the foreground. The fikin ight tthe front left controled 10 ren- dr the label correctly a the let, darkening by 1 Fstop to height. That provided plas ‘antly rounded modoting ‘Aer rst Polaroid to apo ‘matt spray to some ofthe gtass. irate em show up against omotatoack- ‘ground. The final transparency precisely Cenveyed my intention.sinar A For the ultimate image An advertising campaign called fora subject that would look good in ow ligt, 90 ichose ‘engineering. | wanted to make the most of the deep black bodywork and thorefore cut down the ignting toa few atracte reflec: tions to pick out the shape. became ap (ss of progressive reduction fertwtho mantis. Te liumination ame rom just two inlrect flashes of $200 watts ach. A fluorescent tube itp the Meter readings Wi this complex shiny body ofthe Frra- 's lack finish the reflections neaded parle ny caret balaneing 10 keep the bright ness range under control. Me hgh ights measured ine reflections si show detal (+138), tho sheon outining Body shape towards the edges also had fo ‘olan dota (0. The sido ofthe front could ‘be somewhat lighter (+1) but nol as light 2b the catchiights on the top of the Bodywork. The intenor fighting (an ambiont antici ht reading) had 10. appear brilant But out loss of highlght dota (+1 ~ 80 sec, ‘aulomatic recbrosty Yale. corres tion). twas a fascinating but far rom simplsjob t0 ‘model a shiny black rounded body with ‘ut all-over ciftuses lgnting. Hee taaito inal incident-ight reacings ‘don't get you “anywhere, and refcciod hgh readings from ‘anywhere ather than the camera postion fare subject to serious error. Spotreadings ht Loe the tim pane were an immense help, ‘Approach and lighting This covers scenes of predominantly dark “I am not an automobile treak, but I fove tones. {900d looking cars ~ even fave no amb fon toroar through the si Sports car 18x18 om SINAR p/ 480 mm Apo Ronar DB las /Ektachrome 84 Daylight tim / Bolows hood mask 2 7 SINARSIX-digjtal, Motus 2 {and SINAR DIGITAL shutter? 80 soc at 22 ‘and 20 lashessinar For the ultimate image Mixed-light This covers sotups where aditional light ‘Sources or instance lash, supplement a Diont ight to reduce an excessive bright hess range oF fo provide pictorial effects. ‘The two types of lighting not only lluminats separate parts ofthe soane but alo intoract. Industrial plant SINAR traditional 4x5°/ 75 mm Grandagon lons / Agfachrome R1008 fim / Boll food mask 1/ PROFI-select TTL/ 4 sec at ie Approach and lighting ‘My rendering of interiors tends to convey the frst impression they make on te. lt) 3 Use ambient ight whenever lean, especially when iis as atractve a inthis location. Meter readings Alter setting up tho camera and aranging ‘he mage onthe ground glass sores ceed iny PROF soect TIL fr two-pomt road {ngs tthe upper and lower portions ofthe plant. The ower partumed dutto Be appre. Giably darker tian expoctod. To maintain Sota atthe top noedea massive ing at ho bottom ~achoved with ‘laced fashes. Now could adust te fash Intensity fomatch the oquredaportr. The “ambion-oht exposire ime contoied the Geta nthe upper part. The ingens me ‘right program of tha SNARSDtal ttn the Modu and SIAR DIGITAL hutsinar age ance thedlfarent ight flan and ambient ighight cota. The resu ‘Sure based on mictone SINAR p/75 mm Super Anguion lens sec at 11 ps lash Moon: 480 mim Apo Ronar lens / Yi» seo at SINARSUX-cgital -Moduie 2 SINAR OIG! TAL shutter For the ultimate imagesinar For the ultimate image ‘Approach and lighting "ha long been intrigued by the challenge of sting up a romante evening scare by ‘moonlight with a flash-lt interior. Ono day othe chance doit A search turned up a Sotable root terace andl 2 couple ready 12 Cooperate. The lowers and. champagne were both props anda sign of appreciation. ‘Aner mnormoditeations on the root could ‘90 going and ime was shor. had to put the mood across by mixed lghting and the wiling help ofthe subjects. Meter readings The fast changing evening ight out of doors Is aproblem foraphotographer used 10 pre Gletable studio concions. $0 i is 8 reat help to be able to Tocate and aocu: rately measure all the ight sources from ‘behind the camera with the SINARSIX-cig al Fist | settled on a working aperture to yield the required depth of fold. This determines alta other settings. Tan iconcentratedon the important mage tones. The interior had to be ight (+2), the sky deap blue (1) ‘except forthe tao with the Rowers the ‘ace could be black (~9). superimposed the ‘moon by a second exposure lta at right on the way home ~ to.quote Anse! Adams. Vas 800 at 18 fra ul oon on a clear night = you need no meter for that [let the various ight sources inside (tho ‘candles, a fluorescent tobe and a tungsten halogen spol) contribute their sharo but Controlled ther effact by turing hom off at Siferent times ~ something of an athistic feat for my assistant. On tho frraco sol) installed a small flash (Nikon SB 15) inside 40 opal glass sphere and fred it rom the The SINARSKX-digjtal and Module 2 wit ts ‘mixedt-lgnt program rolably matched al these factors and hoped me fo catch the right moment forthe best outsoor sumina- ton” The exposure metering system ‘The procedures described above for con- trong tone valves depend on preciso spot ‘eadingsinthe fim plane to measure the ex- fact ight intensty reaching the fim. Betore that you had to proceed by tal and error and rely on experience to reduce wasted ‘exposures. Or the mustrated photographer ‘ould only complain that the othors”(usu- Aly he thographer and printer ad made & mass of his pictures in eproducton. ‘A motor probe serves for the ight readings. ‘On the SINAR metering back t's moved de rectly into the Image plane In front of the ‘round glass screen. You ean precislylo- ato tho small4 mm targotin the metering ‘window With the ald ofthe lightmeter cassette you can use the same metering equipment on any other view camera not equipped with a t metering back. As shown below, the SINAR Booster 1 probe wih the Minolta Flashme: {orlV [also compatible withthe Fashmter il) fits the ightmeter cassette. You then push ‘that nt te standard international back ike fa shoot fm holder. SINAR AG SCHAFFHAUSEN, Stactwog 24, CH-8245 Feuertalon, Switzerland. ‘Tolophone (053) 2035 35; Tolox 897708 sna ch Teiefax 41 52 29.95 78 Tne most sophisticated exposure contro! and shutter system consists ofthe SINAR- Sbi-digtal, the Macule 2 and the SINAR DIGITAL shutter. Ths &talored to SINAR, ‘cameras for largely automated operation Unike manual motoring probes, also pro: vides full mixec-ight contol and automatic ‘ciprocty correction atlong exposure times. For detalod information posure meters" and “SINAR booster 1” bro: ‘Ghures andthe reevantinetructon mans At its works waining contre SINAR also oF: {ganizes 4-day workshops for smal groups. Werkshop 2 spocialy Seas with expooure ey Cop 168, eng erate, by SIAR AG SCHREFHALISEN, C245 Fearon, zeae, (We we specail rae Dorie Sauna Nata Tor ok. coaboraton. Te Tor cola separa Tora iforation ware recorded by Guad rapes Pewee, Missoni, USA a standard fl scarring run thal comprosson, Ths saved SOM Mime ane 41S hcos eae