JUDQGHGHPDLVQmRIXQFLRQDDFRQWHQWR

2XWUR H[HPSOR 1R SDVVDGR D SHQD HUD FRQVLGHUDGD XP FDVWLJR RX SXQLomR PDO MXVWR FRQWUD TXHP
SUDWLFRXPDOLQMXVWR1HVVHWHPSRTXDQWRSLRUHVDVSULV}HVPHOKRU6HRILPGDSHQDHUDSXQLUHQWmRRUpX
GHYHULD VHU PHVPR FRORFDGR QR SLRU OXJDU GR PXQGR 9rP GDt DV PDVPRUUDV RV FDODERXoRV DV SULV}HV
IpWLGDV LPXQGDV H QRFLYDV EHP FRPR DV SHQDV PDLV WHUUtYHLV TXH VH SRVVD LPDJLQDU +i TXHP GLJD TXH D
KLVWyULDGDSHQDpSLRUTXHDGRFULPH
(VVDSRVLomRTXDQWRjSHQDWURX[HRVSLRUHVUHVXOWDGRVVRFLDLVSRVVtYHLVSRLVQDGDID]LDQRVHQWLGRGD
UHFXSHUDomR GR FULPLQRVR QHP QR VHQWLGR GH SUHYHQLU D VRFLHGDGH FRQWUD D IXWXUD FULPLQDOLGDGH 7RUQDYD R
UpX SLRU ± PDLV SHULJRVR UHYROWDGR H GHVSUHSDUDGR SDUD YROWDU j VRFLHGDGH $ SULVmR SDVVRX D VHU D PHOKRU
HVFRODGHFULPH3LRUGRTXHWXGRQmRGDYDjVRFLHGDGHQHQKXPLQVWUXPHQWRGHGHIHVDFRQWUDHVVHLQGLYtGXR
HVHXVIXWXURVFULPHV
3RU WRGRV HVVHV PRWLYRV R SHQVDPHQWR PRGHUQR D UHVSHLWR GRV ILQV GD SHQD PXGRX 3URFXUDVH KRMH
ID]HUGDSHQDXPLQVWUXPHQWRGHGHIHVDVRFLDODWULEXLQGROKHXPDIXQomRSUHYHQWLYD$SHQDQmRpPDLVXPD
IRUPD GH FDVWLJR RX SXQLomR PDV VLP XP PHLR GH UHHGXFDomR H UHVVRFLDOL]DomR GR UpX 1mR YDPRV PDLV
SXQLUPDVFRUULJLU
3DUD WDQWR R TXH VHUi SUHFLVR" 2QGH HGXFDU" 1D SULVmR" 1D PDVPRUUD" &RPR FDVWLJDQGR
LPSLHGRVDPHQWH" 1mR (QWmR VHUi SUHFLVR WUDQVIRUPDU QRVVDV SULV}HV HP HVFRODV H UHIRUPDWyULRV 6H H
TXDQGRLVVRDFRQWHFHUWHUiDQRUPDH[HUFLGRDVXDLQIOXrQFLDWUDQVIRUPDGRUD3HORPHQRVMiVHIDODKRMHHP
UHIRUPD SHQLWHQFLiULD H HP DOJXQV HVWDGRV Mi FRPHoDP D VXUJLU DV SULPHLUDV WUDQVIRUPDo}HV DWUDYpV GH
PRGHUQRVHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRVSHQDLVDGHTXDGRVjVQRYDVH[LJrQFLDVOHJDLV
6HPG~YLGDRPHOKRUH[HPSORGRHIHLWRWUDQVIRUPDGRUGR'LUHLWRYDPRVHQFRQWUDUQDVOHLVHFRQ{PLFDV
TXHLPSODQWDUDPR3ODQR5HDO$HFRQRPLDGRSDtVHVWDYDjGHULYDFRPXPDLQIODomRDVWURQ{PLFDFRUURHQGR
RVDOiULRGRWUDEDOKDGRUJHUDQGRPLVpULDIRPHGHVHTXLOtEULRVRFLDOHDEXVRVHFRQ{PLFRVGHWRGDRUGHP$
HVWDELOL]DomR GD PRHGD TXH HVSHUDPRV VHMD GXUDGRXUD WURX[H XPD PHOKRU GLVWULEXLomR GH UHQGD HIHWLYR
FRQWUROH GRV SUHoRV PDLRU SRGHU DTXLVLWLYR GD SRSXODomR TXH HP FRQVHTXrQFLD SDVVRX D FRPHU PDLV H
PHOKRU $ UHIRUPD HFRQ{PLFD GHVHQFDGHRX RXWUDV UHIRUPDV QD SUHYLGrQFLD QD $GPLQLVWUDomR 3~EOLFD QR
PRQRSyOLR HVWDWDO QD SULYDWL]DomR GH HVWDWDLV QD RUGHP WULEXWiULD WRGDV FRP DPSOR DSRLR GD VRFLHGDGH
JHUDQGRSURIXQGDVDOWHUDo}HVQDUHDOLGDGHEUDVLOHLUD
,VVRWXGRHYLGHQFLDTXHR'LUHLWRTXDQGRFRUUHWDPHQWHXWLOL]DGRSRGHVHURJUDQGHLQVWUXPHQWRGHXPD
SROtWLFDGRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRQDFLRQDO&HUWDVOHLVFRPRDVRUoDPHQWiULDVFRPDQGDPDH[HFXomRGHSODQRVGH
GHVHQYROYLPHQWR VRFLDO PHGLDQWH QRUPDV TXH SURPRYHP D HGXFDomR D VD~GH R EHPHVWDU D FXOWXUD H D
SDUWLFLSDomRHTXLWDWLYDGHWRGDDSRSXODomRQDUHQGDQDFLRQDO
6RE R WtWXOR ³$ GpFDGD JDQKD´ 5LFDUGR 3DHV GH %DUURV SHVTXLVDGRU GR ,3($ HVFUHYHX O Globo,
  ³'HVGH R LQtFLR GR QRYR PLOrQLR D UHQGD per capita YHP DXPHQWDQGR SDUD WRGRV HPERUD RV
PDLV SREUHV WHQKDP H[SHULPHQWDGR R PDLRU FUHVFLPHQWR   $ UHQGD GRV PDLV SREUHV FUHVFH D XP ULWPR
FKLQrVHQTXDQWRTXHRVPDLVULFRVSHUFHEHPWD[DGHFUHVFLPHQWRVLPLODUjGD$OHPDQKD
(VWDGLIHUHQoDpUHIOH[RGHXPDTXHGDVHPSUHFHGHQWHVQRJUDXGHGHVLJXDOGDGHQRSDtVTXHDOLDGDDR
FUHVFLPHQWR HFRQ{PLFR IH] FRP TXH UHGX]tVVHPRV D H[WUHPD SREUH]D j PHWDGH DR ORQJR GR ~OWLPR
TXLQTXrQLR YHORFLGDGH FLQFR YH]HV PDLV DFHOHUDGD TXH D SUHFRQL]DGD SHOR 3ULPHLUR 2EMHWLYR GR 0LOrQLR
UHGX]LUDH[WUHPDSREUH]DjPHWDGHHPDQRV 
$VVLPWmRIXQGDPHQWDOTXDQWRRHVSHWDFXODUSURJUHVVRDOFDQoDGRpDPDQXWHQomRGHVWDWUDMHWyULD&RPR
RDPELHQWHHFRQ{PLFRHDQDWXUH]DGDSREUH]DVHDOWHUDPFRQWLQXDPHQWHRJUDQGHGHVDILRjIUHQWHpGHVHQKDU
HUHGHVHQKDURVSURJUDPDVVRFLDLVSDUDTXHQmRVHSHUFDDH[FHSFLRQDOHIHWLYLGDGHGHPRQVWUDGDDWpHQWmR´

48. EFEITOS NEGATIVOS DA NORMA

(ODERUDGD SDUD SURGX]LU HIHLWRV SRVLWLYRV SRGH D QRUPD HQWUHWDQWR HP GDGDV FLUFXQVWkQFLDV SURGX]LU
HIHLWRV QHJDWLYRV FRQWUiULRV DRV LQWHUHVVHV VRFLDLV e FODUR TXH TXDQGR LVVR FKHJD D DFRQWHFHU p WHPSR GH
UHYRJDUDOHLVXEVWLWXLQGRDSRURXWUDPDLVDGHTXDGD
 /HPEUDPRVWUrVKLSyWHVHVHPTXHDOHLSURGX]HIHLWRVQHJDWLYRV

 TXDQGRIRULQHILFD]
 TXDQGRKRXYHURPLVVmRGDDXWRULGDGHHPDSOLFiOD
 TXDQGRLQH[LVWLUHVWUXWXUDDGHTXDGDjDSOLFDomRGDOHL


48.1. Efeitos negativos pela ineficácia da lei

$ HILFiFLD GD QRUPD GHSHQGH GR UHFRQKHFLPHQWR DFHLWDomR RX DGHVmR GD VRFLHGDGH D HVVD QRUPD 2X
FRPR REVHUYD 6LFKHV ³$ QRUPD MXUtGLFD ± LJXDOPHQWH FRPR DV GHPDLV QRUPDV VRFLDLV ± SDUD TXH VHMD
FXPSULGDSDUDTXHVHFRQYHUWDHPIRUoDHIHWLYDPHQWHFRQILJXUDGRUDGDVFRQGXWDVH[LJHXPUHFRQKHFLPHQWR
XPD DGHVmR GD FRPXQLGDGH LVWR p GD PDLRU SDUWH GRV LQGLYtGXRV TXH LQWHJUDP R JUXSR *UDoDV D HVVH
UHFRQKHFLPHQWRDQRUPDVHLQFRUSRUDjYLGDGRJUXSR´ Sociologia do direito.ƒYS 
(VVH UHFRQKHFLPHQWR RX UHFXVD TXH JHUD D HILFiFLD RX LQHILFiFLD GD QRUPD SRGH GHSHQGHU GD
OHJLWLPLGDGHGDDXWRULGDGHTXHDHVWDEHOHFHXGRFRQWH~GRGDPHVPDRXGHRXWURVIDWRUHV'HXPWUHFKRGD
H[SRVLomR GH PRWLYRV GR SURMHWR GH OHL SDUD D UHIRUPD GR 3RGHU -XGLFLiULR HODERUDGR SRU XPD &RPLVVmR
(VSHFLDO GR &RQJUHVVR 1DFLRQDO HP  GD TXDO IRL 3UHVLGHQWH R GRXWR 6HQDGRU $F\ROL )LOKR SRGHPRV
GHVWDFDUWUrVFDXVDVSULQFLSDLV2WUHFKRpRVHJXLQWH

³1mRHODERUDPRVOHLVSDUDVHUHVWDPSDGDVQRVOLYURVSDUDVHUOLGDVRXSDUDILFDUQDKLVWyULD$VOHLV
QDVFHPSDUDYLYHUHVyYDOHPTXDQGRSRGHPHQWUDUQRPXQGRGRVIDWRVHDOLJRYHUQDU9DOHPSHODIRUoD
TXHWrPVREUHRVIDWRVHFRPRVmRHQWHQGLGDVQHVVDDSOLFDomR´
³$VOHLVHQWUHWDQWRHPFRQVWDQWHFRQIOLWRFRPRVIDWRVDFDEDPVXSHUDGDVSRUHVWHVHWHUPLQDPSRU
GHVPRUDOL]DUVHHVWHQGHQGRVHRGHVDSUHoRDWRGDDOHJLVODomR´
³¬V YH]HV R OHJLVODGRU DWUDYpV GD OHL TXHU DOWHUDU YHOKRV KiELWRV H GDUOKHV QRYD GLVFLSOLQD 2V
KiELWRV QR HQWDQWR WHLPDP HP VREUHYLYHU H VREUHYLYHP DSHVDU GD OHL 2XWUDV YH]HV R OHJLVODGRU
OHYDGRSHORLGHDOLVPRGHS{UR3DtVHPGLDFRPDVFRQTXLVWDVGDFLYLOL]DomRDQWHFLSDLQVWLWXLo}HVHSUHYr
VROXo}HV TXH QDXIUDJDP QXP PHLR KRVWLO DFDQKDGR H GHVSUHSDUDGR 'H RXWUDV IHLWDV QR HQWDQWR R
OHJLVODGRUQmRFRQVHJXHYHQFHUDVSRGHURVDVIRUoDVGRPLVRQHtVPRTXHVHJXUDPUHWDUGDPHLPSHGHPDV
UHIRUPDVRXDVWRUQDPPRILQDV´
³2QRVVR3DtVMipDIDPDGRSHODGLVWkQFLDHQWUHDUHDOLGDGHHDQRUPDMXUtGLFD´

$SULPHLUDFDXVDGDLQHILFiFLDGDOHLOHPEUDGDSHOR6HQDGRU$F\ROL)LOKRpDVXDdesatualizaçãoTXH
HOHGHVWDFRXDRGL]HU³$VOHLVHQWUHWDQWRHPFRQVWDQWHFRQIOLWRFRPRVfatosacabam superadas por estesH
WHUPLQDPSRUGHVPRUDOL]DUVHHVWHQGHQGRVHRGHVDSUHoRDWRGDDOHJLVODomR´ RJULIRpQRVVR 
&RP HIHLWR D OHL VH EHP HODERUDGD SRGH HVWDU HP SHUIHLWD DGHTXDomR FRP D UHDOLGDGH VRFLDO QR
PRPHQWR GH VXD FULDomR &RP R FRUUHU GR WHPSR HQWUHWDQWR YDL VH GHVDWXDOL]DQGR YDL VHQGR XOWUDSDVVDGD
SRLVRVIDWRVVmRGLQkPLFRVHYROXHPFRQVWDQWHPHQWHPDVDOHLpHVWiWLFD$VVLPRSDVVDUGRWHPSRWRUQDD
OHLLQHILFD]$PDLRUSDUWHGHQRVVDOHJLVODomRSUHFLVRXVHUUHIRUPXODGDH[DWDPHQWHSRUHVWDUD]mR
$ VHJXQGD FDXVD p R misoneísmo H YHP PHQFLRQDGR QR VHJXLQWH WUHFKR ³ R OHJLVODGRU QmR FRQVHJXH
YHQFHU DV SRGHURVDV IRUoDV GR misoneísmo que seguram, retardam e impedem as reformas, ou as tornam
mofinas´ RJULIRpQRVVR 
0LVRQHtVPRFRPRVHVDEHpDYHUVmRVLVWHPiWLFDjVLQRYDo}HVRXWUDQVIRUPDo}HVGRstatus quoRTXH
HP QRVVR SDtV FRQVWLWXL QD UHDOLGDGH XPD IRUWH FDXVD GD LQHILFiFLD GD OHL 9HOKRV KiELWRV FRVWXPHV
HPSHUUDGRVSULYLOpJLRVGHJUXSRVLPSHGHPTXHDOHLVHMDDSOLFDGDRXPHVPRHODERUDGD¬VYH]HVSRUTXHKi
JUDQGHV LQWHUHVVHV SROtWLFRV HFRQ{PLFRV RX UHOLJLRVRV HP MRJR RXWUDV YH]HV SRU PHUR FRPRGLVPR GD
DXWRULGDGHTXHQmROHYRXDVpULRDDSOLFDomRGDOHL3RUPDLVHVWUDQKRTXHSRVVDSDUHFHUFRVWXPDVHHQWUHQyV
GL]HUTXHDOHLQmRSHJRX
 6ySDUDLOXVWUDUHVVHSRQWROHPEUDPRVTXHRGLYyUFLRFXVWRXWDQWRDVHUDGPLWLGRSHODQRVVDOHJLVODomR
HP YLUWXGH GDV SUHVV}HV GD ,JUHMD IURQWDOPHQWH FRQWUiULD j GLVVROXomR GR YtQFXOR PDWULPRQLDO 0XLWDV OHLV
TXH FRQWURODP DV DWLYLGDGHV GDV PXOWLQDFLRQDLV HVVHV JLJDQWHVFRV RUJDQLVPRV HFRQ{PLFRV GRV QRVVRV GLDV
QmR VmR DSOLFDGDV HP UD]mR GRV LQWHUHVVHV HFRQ{PLFRV HP MRJR ,QWHUHVVHV FRUSRUDWLYLVWDV HPSHUUDUDP D
UHIRUPDGD3UHYLGrQFLDSRUPXLWRVDQRVHDLQGDLPSHGHPDUHIRUPD3ROtWLFD
$antecipação da lei à realidade social existente p D WHUFHLUD FDXVD GH VXD LQHILFiFLD $F\ROL )LOKR S}H
LVWRHPGHVWDTXHQRVHJXLQWHWUHFKR³2XWUDVYH]HVROHJLVODGRUOHYDGRSHORLGHDOLVPRGHS{UR3DtVHPGLD
FRP DV FRQTXLVWDV GD FLYLOL]DomR antecipa instituições e prevê soluções que naufragam num meio hostil,
acanhado e despreparado´ RJULIRpQRVVR 
2 OHJLVODGRU Yr DOJR TXH IXQFLRQD PXLWR EHP HP FHUWR SDtV PDLV DGLDQWDGR H TXHU LPSODQWDU QR QRVVR
1mR FRQVHJXH SRUTXH QmR Ki VXSRUWH VRFLDO FRUUHVSRQGrQFLD FRP D UHDOLGDGH UD]mR SHOD TXDO D OHL FDL QR
YD]LR&DGDOHJLVODGRUWHPTXHHODERUDUDOHLFRPEDVHQDUHDOLGDGHGHVXDVRFLHGDGH
9HPRV DVVLP TXH ID]HU OHL p DOJR GLIHUHQWH GH ID]HU OLWHUDWXUD RX KLVWyULD $ OHL Vy WHP IRUoD SDUD
³SHQHWUDU QR PXQGR GRV IDWRV H DOL JRYHUQDU´ TXDQGR p HILFD] LVWR p TXDQGR DMXVWDGD j UHDOLGDGH VRFLDO H
LQWHLUDPHQWHDGHTXDGDDRVIDWRV
/HL LQHILFD] SRUWDQWR SURGX] HIHLWRV QHJDWLYRV SRUTXH QmR WHP IRUoD SDUD JRYHUQDU RV IDWRV VRFLDLV
TXHU SRU VHU DUWLILFLDO IUXWR DSHQDV GR SHQVDPHQWR TXHU SRU WHU VH WRUQDGR DQDFU{QLFD GHVDWXDOL]DGD
VXSHUDGD SHOD UHDOLGDGH VRFLDO e IRJR TXH QmR TXHLPD WLUR VHP EDOD $ FRQVHTXrQFLD p TXH D OHL VH
GHVPRUDOL]DHHVWHQGHRGHVDSUHoRDWRGRRVLVWHPD
7LQKD UD]mR *HRUJHV 5LSHUW DR GL]HU ³4XDQGR R 'LUHLWR LJQRUD D UHDOLGDGH D UHDOLGDGH VH YLQJD
LJQRUDQGRR'LUHLWR´&RPRIHQ{PHQRVRFLDOTXHpQmRSRGHRGLUHLWRVHDIDVWDUGDUHDOLGDGHVRFLDOVRESHQD
GHQmRVHUHVSRQWDQHDPHQWHREVHUYDGR6HQmRUHVSHLWDUDVWUDGLo}HVHRVYDORUHVWUDGLFLRQDLVFULDUiiUHDVGH
DWULWRTXHUHGX]LUmRDVXDYDOLGDGHHHILFiFLD

48.2. Efeitos negativos pela omissão da autoridade em aplicar a lei

$IXQomRSULQFLSDOGR'LUHLWRMiYLPRVpSUHYHQLUFRQIOLWRVFRQWURODUDVUHODo}HVVRFLDLVRTXHUHDOL]D
DWUDYpV GR GLVFLSOLQDPHQWR GR FRPSRUWDPHQWR PHGLDQWH QRUPDV MXUtGLFDV DUPDGDV GH VDQomR 0DV VH D OHL p
WUDQVJUHGLGD H SRU GHVtGLD LQFRPSHWrQFLD RX LUUHVSRQVDELOLGDGH GD DXWRULGDGH D VDQomR QmR p DSOLFDGD VH
TXDQGR VXUJH R FRPSRUWDPHQWR GH GHVYLR QHQKXPD SHQD p LPSRVWD DR WUDQVJUHVVRU GD QRUPD D DXWRULGDGH
QDGD ID] ± TXDO VHUi R UHVXOWDGR" 9DL VH HQIUDTXHFHQGR DTXHOD GLVFLSOLQD TXH D QRUPD LPS}H D WRGRV YDL VH
GLOXLQGR D VXD IXQomR SUHYHQWLYD H FRQVHTXHQWHPHQWH D WUDQVJUHVVmR VHP SXQLomR YDL HVWLPXODQGR QRYDV
WUDQVJUHVV}HV 4XHP WUDQVJULGH D OHL LPSXQHPHQWH VHQWHVH HQFRUDMDGR D WUDQVJUHGLU QRYDPHQWH H R VHX
H[HPSORVHUYHGHHVWtPXORDRXWUHP1HVWHFDVRDOHLSRGHDWpVHUHILFD]PDVQmRSURGX]LUiHIHLWRVSRVLWLYRV
SRURPLVVmRGDVDXWRULGDGHV
([HPSOR HORTXHQWH GLVVR p R &yGLJR GH 7UkQVLWR %UDVLOHLUR (P MDQHLUR GH  TXDQGR IRL HGLWDGR
KDYLDXPDJUDQGHH[SHFWDWLYDGHTXHHOHKDYHULDGHSRURUGHPHPQRVVRWUkQVLWRFDyWLFRGDGRDVHYHULGDGHGH
VXDV QRUPDV H D JUDYLGDGH GDV SHQDV HQWUH DV TXDLV D SHUGD GD FDUWHLUD 'HSRLV GH YiULRV DQRV GH YLJrQFLD
TXDVH QDGD PHOKRURX SRUTXH DV PXOWDV H RXWUDV VDQo}HV DSOLFDGDV QmR IRUDP H[HFXWDGDV +i PLOKDUHV GH
PRWRULVWDV LQIUDWRUHV FRP D SRQWXDomR YiULDV YH]HV HVWRXUDGD GLULJLQGR VHP VHUHP PROHVWDGRV $V
DXWRULGDGHV GR WUkQVLWR DLQGD GLVFXWHP VH DV PXOWDV UHJLVWUDGDV SRU pardais FkPHUDV HOHWU{QLFDV YDOHP RX
QmRVHpRXQmRREULJDWyULRLQIRUPDUDRVPRWRULVWDVRQGHVHHQFRQWUDPHVVHVPHLRVHOHWU{QLFRV6yDJRUD O
O Globo   R '(1$75$1 DQXQFLRX WHU GHFLGLGR FULDU R 5HJLVWUR 1DFLRQDO GH ,QIUDo}HV GH
7UkQVLWRTXHSHUPLWLUiDFREUDQoDGDVPXOWDVSRULQIUDo}HVFRPHWLGDVIRUDGR(VWDGRRQGHRVYHtFXORVHVWmR
UHJLVWUDGRV $QXQFLRX WDPEpP TXH Vy D SDUWLU GH  GH MXQKR GH  5HVROXomR Q  &2175$1
FRPHoRXDVHUDSOLFDGDHPWRGRRSDtVDFKDPDGDPXOWDSRUQmRLGHQWLILFDomRGRFRQGXWRUSDUDDFDEDUFRPD
LPSXQLGDGHGRVPRWRULVWDVSURILVVLRQDLVDFREHUWDGRVSHODVHPSUHVDVSDUDDVTXDLVWUDEDOKDPSULQFLSDOPHQWH
GH {QLEXV XUEDQRV (P UHVXPR GHSRLV GH XP FRPHoR SURPLVVRU R &yGLJR GH 7UkQVLWR SHUGHX D VXD IRUoD
GLGiWLFD 6HTXHU UHGX]LX D LQFLGrQFLD GH LQIUDo}HV JUDYHV FRPR H[FHVVR GH YHORFLGDGH H HPEULDJXH] DR
YRODQWH(VWiDPHDoDGRGHFDLUHPGHVXVRVHQmRIRUHPUHVJDWDGRVFRPXUJrQFLDDVXDOHWUDHRVHXHVStULWRH
DVERDVLQWHQo}HVTXHPRWLYDUDPDVXDDSURYDomRKiTXDVHGXDVGpFDGDV
2 PHVPR SRGH DFRQWHFHU FRP D /HL 6HFD 3HVTXLVD GR 0LQLVWpULR GD 6D~GH LQGLFD TXH R Q~PHUR GH
PRWRULVWDVErEDGRVYROWRXDVXELUGHSRLVGHWHUUHJLVWUDGREDL[DVHQVtYHO
eGDGRVXILFLHQWHSDUDFRPSURYDUTXHQmREDVWDXPDOHJLVODomRFRUUHWDSDUDHQIUHQWDUDPHDoDVFRQWUDD
VRFLHGDGH 3DUDOHODPHQWH Ki TXH VH PDQWHUHP LQVWUXPHQWRV SHUHQHV GH ILVFDOL]DomR SDUD JDUDQWLU R
FXPSULPHQWR GD OHL 'D OHQLrQFLD SDUD D GHVPRUDOL]DomR GDV QRUPDV R FDPLQKR p FXUWR H p SDUD HVWD
LQGHVHMDGDSRVVLELOLGDGHTXHRSRGHUS~EOLFRGHYHDWHQWDU
(PERUDR&yGLJRGH7UkQVLWR%UDVLOHLURHD/HL6HFDVHMDPGLSORPDVOHJDLVDSURSULDGRVSDUDRVILQVTXH
RVRULJLQDUDPSDUDPDQWHUVXDHILFiFLDFRPRLQVWUXPHQWRVGHFRPEDWHDRVDEXVRVQRWUkQVLWRDILVFDOL]DomR
FRQVWDQWH p LPSUHVFLQGtYHO H FRPR FRUROiULR GD YLJLOkQFLD D SXQLomR H[HPSODU GRV PRWRULVWDV TXH QmR
REHGHFHPDVQRUPDV
3RULVVRpFRPXPGL]HUVHTXHSLRUGRTXHQmRWHUOHLVpWrODVHQmRDSOLFiODV

48.3. Efeitos negativos pela falta de estrutura adequada à aplicação da lei

1HVWDWHUFHLUDKLSyWHVHSRGHUHPRVWHUOHLVERDVHHILFD]HVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVHUHVSRQViYHLVPDV
DQRUPDQmRDWLQJLUiVHXVREMHWLYRVVRFLDLVSRUIDOWDGHHVWUXWXUDSDUDXPDHILFLHQWHDSOLFDomRGRGLUHLWR)DOWD
SHVVRDO IDOWD PDWHULDO IDOWDP LQVWDODo}HV HTXLSDPHQWRV IDOWD WXGR HQILP 7RUQDVH LPSRVVtYHO DSOLFDU D OHL
VHPRVUHFXUVRVKXPDQRVHPDWHULDLVQHFHVViULRV
4XDLV VHUmR DV FRQVHTXrQFLDV GHVVD IDOWD GH HVWUXWXUD" $V PHVPDV DQWHULRUPHQWH PHQFLRQDGDV
WUDQVJUHVVmRVHPSXQLomRHHVWtPXORjLOLFLWXGH
(VVHODPHQWDYHOPHQWHFRQWLQXDVHQGRRQRVVRJUDQGHSUREOHPDDWXDO$3ROtFLDR0LQLVWpULR3~EOLFRH
RSUySULR-XGLFLiULRQmRHVWmRVXILFLHQWHPHQWHDSDUHOKDGRVSDUDDSOLFDUDOHL(PMXOKRGHR0LQLVWpULR
GD-XVWLoDHVWLPRXTXHKDYLDFHUFDGHPLOIRUDJLGRVGD-XVWLoDEUDVLOHLUDHPDLVGHPLOPDQGDGRVGH
SULVmR QmR FXPSULGRV QR SDtV (P 6mR 3DXOR RV PDQGDGRV GH SULVmR QmR FXPSULGRV FKHJDYDP D  PLO
VHJXQGRHVWLPDWLYDGR3URIHVVRU)OiYLR*RPHVSRUIDOWDGHSHVVRDOHHVWUXWXUD1R5LRRGHOHJDGRÈOYDUR
/LQVHQWmRWLWXODUGD'HOHJDFLDGH%XVFDH&DSWXUDV 3ROLQWHU DGPLWLXTXHGRVPLOPDQGDGRVGHSULVmR
H[SHGLGRVQRHVWDGRSHORPHQRVPLOMiFDGXFDUDPSRUSUHVFULomRPRUWHRXGHFLVmRMXGLFLDO$LQGDDVVLP
VREUDP  PLO SDUD XPD HTXLSH GH  SROLFLDLV XPD PpGLD GH  PDQGDGRV SRU SROLFLDO O Globo
 
1RGLDGHVHWHPEURGHR-XL]&DPLOR5LEHLUR5XOLqUHGD9DUD&ULPLQDOGR5LRWRPRXXPD
GHFLVmR H[WUHPD PDV TXH Mi HVWi VH WRUQDQGR FRPXP QD -XVWLoD 3RU IDOWD GH XP ODXGR GR ,QVWLWXWR &DUORV
eEROL ,&&(  IRL IRUoDGR D FRQFHGHU OLEHUGDGH SURYLVyULD D TXDWUR WUDILFDQWHV 2V DFXVDGRV IRUDP VROWRV
PDVRSUREOHPDFRQWLQXRXR,&&(IHFKRXRDQRGHFRPFHUFDGHFHPPLOODXGRVDWUDVDGRV6mRFHP
PLO LQTXpULWRV SDUDGRV DJXDUGDQGR SURYDV WpFQLFDV (QTXDQWR D FULPLQDOLGDGH FUHVFH DVVXVWDGRUDPHQWH
SULQFLSDOPHQWH QR GHQRPLQDGR poder paralelo D -XVWLoD ILFD LPSHGLGD GH MXOJDU HP GHFRUUrQFLD GD IDOWD GH
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2XWURH[HPSORODPHQWiYHOGHVVDIDOWDGHHVWUXWXUDIRLQRWLFLDGRSHORO GloboGH$VVDVVLQR
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GH SULVmR IXJLX GD FDGHLD HP 8QLmR GD 9LWyULD QR 3DUDQi 4XDVH GRLV DQRV GHSRLV HP QRYHPEUR GH 
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GLD  IRL QRYDPHQWH SUHVR GHVWD IHLWD SRU WHU VLGR UHFRQKHFLGR SHOR DPLJR GH XPD RXWUD FULDQoD
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