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Enthalpy Answers
Enthalpy Answers
Using the axes below, show the enthalpy profile diagram for the formation of hexane.
On your diagram label the enthalpy change of reaction, LH, and the activation energy,
Ea
enthalpy
reaction pathway
[otal3 marks]
2. Alkanes are important hydrocarbons since they are used as fuels in homes and in
industry. lt is important that the enthalpy changes involved in alkane reactions are
known.
(ii) Write the equation, including state symbols, that accompanies the enthalpy
change of formation of hexane, C6H14(l).
(iii) What conditions of temperature and pressure are used when measuring the
standard enthalpy change of formation?
temperatur
"
.......... 2f..9. *
pressure /471ezPg,a/P{
t1l
f-otal5 marksl
Greenhead College
gChemistry Name..........
(i) The standard enthalpy change of combustion of butane is -2877 kJ mol-1. What
does sfandard mean in this context?
7f,91, , / ezmb%./ed_
t1l
(iii) Complete the enthalpy profile diagram for the combustion of butane. Label the
activation energy, Eu, and the enthalpy change, AH.
C+Hro(g) + 6102(9)
enthalpy
/+tOt +;4O
progress of reaction
t3I
fl-otal6 marks]
Greenhead College
gChemistry
propan-1-ol
l2l
(b) write the equation for the standard enthalpy change of combustion of
propan-1-ol, C3H7OH.
(c) The student measured 50.0 cm3 of water into the beaker and lit the burner. When
the temperature of the water had gone up by 12.8 'c, he found that 0.100 g of
propan-1-ol had been burnt.
26V
-,--e
t
i) 'oef Mv entharpy.n"nsJ...'n" ot
^o,'
tl I
(d) The student then calculated the error of the 50cm3 measuring cylinder used. The
Greenhead College
gChemistry Name..........
maximum error of the measuring cylinder was +- 1cm3. Calculate the % error in
this piece of apparatus. t11
c/o etolcn = + */L)o '= ? cy
Sr) A /o
(e) The student looked in a text book and found that the actual value for the standard
enthalpy change of combustion of propan-1-ol was more exothermic than the
experimental value.
Suggest two reasons for the difference between this value and the one he
obtained experimentally.
1 ......... .Pffi7 .... /:e2 .2. .. .T€'. .... 7//q I u,r tzo'tz:ru,p2 NS
t21
(f) The student told one of her friends and she suggested using a 10cm3 measuring
cylinder 5 times as its maximum error was +- 0.5cm3
State and explain whether this method would reduce the error in measuring
50cmo of water.
l1l
/S e7 ,1 /-/t€t/t?z 7t<z'w@87u/?6
Tate /"J47gz
-fil€ -9etzEawx,//>/L$
t rt?.
. ' . i1'I),ry€ //gzg7 /,-,// / t3€ /csr Ta
"Z fi=,zz€ y /d//1 /J"lr,/€ Et/4?Or€zl7cb 545v744{
erf 7tr'F h/.47H
(h) Other students in the got class very similar enthalpy changes of combustion even
though their temperature changes and masses of propan - 1 - ol burnt were
different. Explain this in terms of energy and moles. t1l
[Total 15 marks]
(i) Calculate the energy released, in kJ, during combustion of 0.831 g glucose.
Q- Y:4:4T /oox/'/9*lY3
iocc) 6
a. tz
energy = .....T....(.J...... f<.t
t2t
flle69-= o Y^3i
/3o
amount = O oc*'62
t2t
(iii) Calculate the enthalpy change of combustion of glucose.
Give your answer to three significant figures.
6. Some reactions of H2O2 are exothermic. Use ideas about the enthalpy changes that
take place during bond breaking and bond making to explain why some reactions are
exothermic.
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gChemistry
7. The equations for the combination of gaseous atoms of carbon and hydrogen to form
methane, CHa, ?nd ethane, CzHo, are shown below.
Enthalpy changes can be calculated using enthalpy changes of combustion. The table
below shows some values for standard enthalpy changes of combustion.
DCe4Al
Use these values to calculate the sta;rdard enthalpy change of the reaction below.
@@
C(s) + 2Hz@) -+ CHa(s)
sqo)
+ Ylo
LIJ- *146 4 9Qo
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gChemistry
(i) Write the equation for the standard enthalpy change of formation of butane,
C+Hro. lnclude state symbols in your answer.
ACtil ! SA*A- ep,or,)
l2l
(ii) Use the following data to calculate the standard enthalpy change of formation of
butane.
"' , fWecz.s
standard enthalpy chanse .f(ffi@fkJ mot-1 po^t tt/
carbon -394
hydrogen -286
butane -2877
prr\ o.. .F
kCTq -t S9tllr'9) -->
C
ht-3qA=-rs;,\"-
J, -2gA'-l4=.\-- -. 'f e zsYY)
+7gYv
* tuoA I.to* -,t s[/"-D
answer kJ mol-1
Greenhead College
gChemistry
10. The standard enthalpy change of combustion of glucose can also be determined
indirectly.
Calculate the standard enthalpy change of combustion of glucose using the standard
enthalpy changes of formation below.
substance
Evw/#/ciu
6{wmor-1 '^ Vv2vaanf
C6H12O6(s) -1250 uP"
coz(g) -394
H2O(r) -286
e) 60z(g)--
CeHrzOa(s) + 6Oz(q)-- 6COz(9)
aD
6COr(q) + 6Hzo(l)
6H2O(l
+/ +' 40ga
^so
answer = ....*..2.9.'fu . kJ mor-1
fl-otal3 marks]
Greenhead College