Piping Specialty Items

Presented By Hitesh Sardhara

Topics to be covered
 Definition of Piping Specialty Item.
 Steam Trap
 Strainer
 Flame Arrestor
 Flexible Hose & Couplings
 List of Piping Specialty Items.
Definition of Piping Specialty Item
 When an item cannot be managed as a bulk item due to certain
Process Licensor requirements, it must be procured as a special item
(as these special parameters need to be informed to the vendor which
cannot be done through bulk purchasing.)
 The first step towards this direction is marking it with a special tag on
PID for easier identification on site.
 These special items are depicted with a symbol on the PID. Hence the
process of assigning the Special item tag is important and there should
be no duplication.
 These special items usually have a longer lead time as compared to
bulk items and being special, they are also expensive.
 It is also important to have the correct data as per the P&ID so that
the sizes, ratings, or materials are not wrongly purchased.
Steam Trap
 A steam trap is an automatic valve that allows condensate to be
discharged from the steam system while holding or trapping the steam
in the system.
 So, Steam Traps separate out the condensate from the mixture.
 For any steam system in power or processing plants, the steam trap is
an essential component.
 It retains the steam within the process which helps in the maximum
utilization of heat and thereby increases energy efficiency.
 In a steam piping system, steam traps are critical for two purposes :
1. Removing steam condensate.
2. Removing air and other non-condensable gases.
Types of Steam Trap
 There are many types of steam traps used depending on the application such as
1. Thermodynamic steam trap (works on the principle of pressure differential).
2. Thermotactic steam trap (works on the principle of temperature differential).
3. Mechanical traps such as ball float type and inverted bucket type.
 The vendor or the process engineering department shall select the right type of
trap depending on the application, the differential pressure, and the
condensate and sizing load.
 Generally, from the above, thermodynamic traps are widely used.
 They are also used as utility traps commonly referred to as bulk traps.
 They are cheaper as compared to other traps.
Strainer
What is Piping Strainer?
Piping Strainers arrest debris such as scale, rust, jointing compound, and
weld metal in pipelines, protecting equipment and processes.
A strainer is a device that provides a means of mechanically removing
solids from a flowing fluid or gas in a pipeline by utilizing a perforated or
mesh straining element.
Pipe Strainers are very important components in piping systems to
protect costly equipment from potential damage caused by particles
carried by the process fluid. Piping Strainers are also known as Strainer
Filters.
strainers normally used in Pump or Compressor Suction lines in the
process piping industry.
Types of Strainers
Depending on the use, two types of strainers are found in industries.
1. Permanent Strainers
2. Temporary Strainers
Permanent Pipe Strainers
These strainers will be installed permanently in the piping system. Examples of permanent
strainers are
1. Y type strainers
2. Basket Type strainers( Simplex & Duplex construction)
Temporary Pipe Strainers
Temporary strainers are used for a small period of time. Examples of temporary strainers are
1. Cone-type strainer and
2. Truncated Cone type strainer
Y-type Strainers
Y-Type Strainers
This type of strainer got its name from the shape as it resembles the alphabet “Y”.
They are low-cost strainers and are used in pressurized lines with low debris or foreign
particle concentration.
They can be installed in horizontal or vertical lines keeping the filtering element
towards the ground.
As the retaining capacity of Y-Strainers are normally small, they must be cleaned
frequently.
Y-type Strainers
Basket Strainer / Bucket Strainers
Basket Strainers or Bucket Strainers are closed vessels with a filter screen inside them.
They have a high capacity to retain foreign particles and are hence widely used.
Basket strainers are used only in horizontal lines; mostly for liquid services with high
flow capacity.
Bucket strainers can be independently supported like equipment in case their weight is
more, or they can be supported inline from pipe supports.
As they resemble the alphabet “T” of the English language, they are often termed as T-
Strainers.
Basket Strainers are of three types
1. Simplex Style Basket Strainer
2. Duplex Style Basket Strainer (Consists of two parallel basket filters with by-pass
Valves)
3. Automatic Strainers
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Temporary Strainer

Cone type temporary Truncated cone-type temporary strainers

Pipe Strainer Symbol
Flame Arrestor
While transporting flammable liquids or gases, there is a possibility of
flame or explosion to occur should an ignition take place.
The explosion group, the type of service, the zone classification, design
pressure, temperature, and layout considerations shall be considered whilst
preparing the datasheet.
The vendor shall select the type of flame arrestor depending on the above
parameters.
There are two types of flame arrestors:
1. Detonation
2. Deflagration

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Flexible Hose and Quick Coupling
Flexible hoses along with quick couplings are used for process and utility
services (Plant air, Cooling water, Nitrogen, and Steam).
The end connections, the design pressure, and temperature, the length of
the hose required are certain parameters that require to be included in the
datasheet.
Different ends connection for the hose such as Camlock type, wing nut
type, and Swagelok type are used depending upon the services.
List of Piping Specialty Item:
Some other piping specialty items are listed below:
• Special / Split Equal Tee
• Chemical Injection quill
• Insulation Joints, Insulation Flanges, Insulation Kits
• Sample cooler
• Valve interlock
• Quick release Coupling
• Corrosion Coupon
• Pipe Expansion Joint
• Corrosion probe
THANK YOU