SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 ICS 77,140.15; 7.140.60; 91.10.30 ISBN 0-626-15603-3, ‘Any reference to SABS 82 will be deemed to be 8 reference to this standard (Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 November 2002) SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Bending dimensions and scheduling of steel reinforcement for concrete ——————_—_——_— Published by Standards South Africa 1dr latogan road groonkloof 2 private bag x191 protoria 0001 tol: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1868 international code + 27 12 wvew.stansa.coza © Standards South Africa (a division of SABS)‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table of changes Change No.| Date Scope ‘Amat 1 2004 [Amended to correct the method of measurement of bending] Jdimensions for shape code 41, to correct the calculated length for [shape code 86, and to correct the hook allowance (h) and bend| allowance (n) for hot-rolled mild steel bars (figure 2), and for high! | yield stress stool bars and cold-worked steel bars (figure 3). Abstract ‘Specifies the bending dimensions (including the methods of measurement) and the scheduling of steel bars for use in the reinforcement of concrete. Keywords bending, concretes, hooks, numerical designations, reinforced concrete, reinforcing materials, reinforcing steels. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 5120.61, Construction standards, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement, ‘This edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition (SANS 282:2003). ‘Annex A forms an integral part of this standard, ‘A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been modified by amendment No. 1.SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Contents Page Abstract Keywords: Foreword 1 Scope... 2 Normative references ... 3. Definitions 4 Bending dimensions .. 44 42 & Bar and fabric schedules..... 64 General 19 5.2 Title block : 20 5.3 Bar and fabric marks. 20 54 Type and size... : 21 5.8 Bending schedule... : 24 5.6 Bending of fabric reinforcement. 24 7 Cutting length... 22 6 Bar oF fabric label. Sot 2 7 Manufacturing and routine inspection... 2 8 Quality evaluation on aah aneneer ‘Annex A (normative) Summary of shape codes .... 24 Bibliography... 25SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.4 This page is intentionally left blankSANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Bending dimensions and scheduling of steel reinforcement for concrete 4 Scope This standard specifies bending dimensions, the methods of measuring bending dimensions and the scheduling of steel bars that are used for the reinforcement of concrete. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements, based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions. of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from Standards South Africa. ‘SANS 920 (SABS 920), Stee! bars for concrete reinforcement ‘SANS 1024 (SABS 1024), Welded ste! fabric for reinforcement of concrete. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: a4 bend end portion of a bar, bent through 90" with respect to the adjacent portion of the bar and comprising a length n as shown in figures 2 and 3 32 bending schedule fst in which the nominal sizes, types of steel, cutting lengths, bending shapes and dimensions of bars are given NOTE Throughout this standard, the diamoter of reinforcing ber is indicated as “d” and the standard radius ‘of bending of such bar as "7 33 calculated length calculated length of a bar, measured along its centre line NOTE Approximate values determined from the formulae given in table 1 are acceptable,SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 34 corer ‘change of direction in a bar other then @ bend or hook 35 cutting length ‘otal length (subject to a tolerance of + 25 mm) specified in the schedule for each bar or for wires in each sheet of fabric, rounded up to the nearest 50 mm 3.8 hook end portion of a bar, bent through 160° with respect to the adjacent portion of the bar and ‘comprising a length h as shown in figures 2 and 3 a7 tun-off leg portion of a bar which is undimensioned (see column 4 of table 1) and the dimension of which may deviate from the intended dimension, as explained in 4.2.1.3, 4 Bending dimensions 4.1 General 4.1.1 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, all dimensions given in the schedule shall be measured as shown in table 1 (ie. shall be the external (outer) dimensions of the bends as shown in figure 1(b) and figure 1(c)). For deformed reinforcement, the extremities of the deformation shall be taken as forming the outside surface.SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 ‘Table 1 — Measurement of bending dimensions i z 3 z ‘Shape ‘Method of measurement. Calculated length” (measured indormetion (eketch and ome | "Sebi mnsore one atoumlos been — 20 L.A A ‘Straight Po rar Cc 2 a ‘Drg 14306 ba. ame Ava Gates) bi a Aen x a Av = Dong 2068 (A+C+8) A + 0,67 (B+ Dy 38 344d 7 be) teer0> 400724 Foe see NOTE 1 0f 4.2.5 / AsB teed z x es on slr sap coe 5t i 8 Org Hate aso+6-r28 A B * A | L Tron Aspscerad As0s7b+e ee 7 39, ) B( 7 Teme Loe ea 24 Tes u0r4e seo NOTE 1014.25,SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 4 (continued) i z z ‘Shape Method of moasurement Calculated tongth” (measured code ‘boning Gerster ‘ong cere oe eee ‘bonding schedule a a D shall be at least 26 or C Trane wah horizontals 45" oF ess AsBeC ‘othenvse see NOTE 4 T angle wih Rozonal is 45” or less AvBsC+n = otherwise see NOTE 4 Dra trata A Tat r Tangle wih ozo aS reat mr. yo o A P Ca As2B+Cre ae lo 8 g cotherwse see NOTE 4 c D220 ic gre rg 5s z TT aT6 Wan BORTOAAT aS oF ae Tv I 5 q As BO Krd 45 rol 4 omermise see NOTE 4 gest | rouse i 4 T angie wih Fononta 45 oes a See ie AYB+O 7 4 4 ends seeNOTE 4 7 5 ee Lp ale rg nore Drawers 7 Tangle wah Horizontal is 45" orlese | — E 4 Sy eres AtBee ~ be 12} nai cernise see NOTE 4 bgt Ty] A+B-043R-1210 A\ |e internal (non-standard) Rn standard, use shepe code 37 Al sae LA MtR> 200mm R 3 . —#__.| seo NOTE 110428 Tans guts amaeTSANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) i z z z ‘Shape ‘Metiod of measurement Calculated length? (measured Information ekateh ard code ‘of bonding dimensione ‘along cant Ine) mensions) tobe given n z AF B+ C+O- GT a A 5 B “| C 82 A 8 Twouor FIBSCTOFE “aad A ° ’ tee Tames WeBROeE pitas AFBTOTDFE “brad A 6 p t 55 A | 8 o Baneate © organ‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) i z z Information (sket=h andl ‘Shape ‘Method of measurement Calculated length” (measured Ce | ‘Stctineantoe ong ct ie tern gn pa 28 one 3d a A Foye Ta a STE TT ee Ate » ie otherwise see NOTE 4 eT A os A orgsusr Dae BsDh-r-28 secnores A n z warbre+n-ana-38 5 73 A 7 Ewan dent ™ 4 BeTable 4 (continued) SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 ‘Shape ‘Method of measurement ‘Calcutated length” (measured Heil po rane se cere tices aoe aimee) tb ven ee fl | F BI ae = Gata GnD yr 7 ieee [Serger a en x 1 ® : a p. B is overall vn dinanen . 7 vesgemrnn — [afd 7 stereos 2 7 © Saree + gera-ae-x] | OP ph wneexe2-m-mapanse | © St Pnhapea el in 3 5 eet 0 4 There shall be at least two ar 6 i ‘Where an additional tum is required B at the helix end(s). it shall be treated sean c 2 L 7 open Amdt 1SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 4 (concluded) f z z z Shape Method of measurement Calcio engi? measured | gamelan GREE ard ‘of bending dimensions ‘long centr ine) bending schedule ‘All other shape codes Provide ether 8 dimensioned sketch ‘or areferencad sketch with dimensions A,B, C,D, E/R shown in the schedule “The aimension that isto alow forthe permissible deviation shal be Indicated, as shown inthe relevant ‘cases in column 4 of thi table, ‘Where so desired, the standard radius for comers may be inctessed, but shall not apply 1o end anchorages denoted by h orn. See 4234 NOTE 1 ringicates the minimum values in tables 3 and 4, NOTE 2. The dimensionless sections of the bars ere the run-off legs. NOTE 9 Ensure that dimension 8s greater than 14¢ for smooth mid ste! and grealer than 18 d for deformed steal NOTE 4 The length formula ie approximate and when bending angles exceed 45°, the length should be calculated mre accurately allowing forte diference between the apecfied overall dimensions ang the tue lengln measured along the centre line of the Dar Of wie 1) These lengis are aporaximate and generally involve a Sight postive diflerence ‘rom the exact mathematical expressions, 10SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 1000 Figure 4(a) — Slope of cranked bars tfset a Iw Offset Figure 1(b) — Dimensions of cranked bars YS Figure 4(c) External dimensions of bent bars Figure 1 — Cranked and bent bars Drama 4.1.2 Dimensioning reinforcement that requires special end preparation shall be consistent with the method of dimensioning for the reinforcement schedule. 4.1.3 The individual dimensions of a bar specified in a bending schedule shall be subject to the tolerances given in table 2. ‘Table 2— Cutting and bending tolerances. Dimensions in mitimeters 1 2 3 Method of forming Length Tolerance Cutting ‘Straight lengihs 225 {including reinforcement for subsequent bending) Benging 51000 mm 25 > 1000... $2 000 mm +5 =10 2000 mm 5 25 4.1.4 The dimensions for the scheduling of reinforcement bounded by conorete faces shall allow for the appropriate tolerances shown in table 2, plus the tolerances allowed for formwork. 1‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.4 4.1.8. To facilitate packing for transportation, each bent bar shall fit inside an imaginary rectangle, of size 18 mx 2.2m, NOTE 1 Normally the length of @ bar should not exceed 13m, although longer lengths can be obtained by ‘special agreement with the supplier. NOTE 2. Certain bar types are supplied in coils. For helical bars (shape code 86 In table 1), check with the ‘manufacturer as to which steel is available in roll fom, i. in lengths considerably in excess of 13 m. 4.1.6 The standard values for minimum radii, bend and hook allowances (r, n and h respectively, ‘as given in figures 2 and 3) shall apply to all shape codes, as applicable. If larger values aro required, then the bar shall be treated as a “non-standard” bar (code 99) in accordance with 4.2.1.2. ‘Where a non-standard radius is specified (for example, shape codes 51 and 65), it shall be not less. than r. Semi-circular hooks Shape codes 32, 33 and 72 34) Brose Cutting length of bar equals L+ h Bends that form end anchorages Shape codes 34, 35 and 42 : [ 2d 3d ene Cutting length of bar equals L+n Dimensions in rilimetras 1 2 3 4 5 [6 7 [8 @ 10 Nominal szeottard | 6” |e | 1 | 1 | te | 2 | 2 | 2 | a Hook allowance f | 100 | 100 | 120 | 120 | 160 | 200 | 260 | 320 | 400 Bend allowance n | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 120 | 160 | 200 | 240 Radus r{ 2 | w | 2 | 2 | x | « | 5 | o | a 1) Non-preferred AnaeT Figure 2— Minimum hook, bend and radius allowances for hot-rolled mild steel bars that comply with SANS 920 12‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.4 s So r te ranott Cutting length of bar equals L +h 5 bg 7 L orp ete Cutting length of bar equals L+ 9 Dimensions in milimetres 1 2 3 [4 5s [8 7 6 @ 70 | a | | 2 | te | 2 | w= | 2 | 4 hn | 100 | 100 | 120 | 180 | 200 | 240 | 300 | 400 | a0 a | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 18 | zo | 250 Radius + | 3 | a | 30 | 3% | 4 | co | 7% | 96 | 120 1) Non-preferred. Anat Figure 3— Minimum hook, bend and radius allowances for high yield stress steel bars and cold-worked steel bars that comply with SANS 920 4.2. Scheduling 4.24 General 4 sc 1 Each bar or sheet of fabric shall be scheduled completely and without reference to earlier ules, 4.2.1.2 The preferred shape codes are given in table 1 (see also annex A). Shapes that do not have a specific shape code number as given in table 1, shall be coded "99" (see table 1). 13‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 42.1.3 If coded as 99, the sketch shall be fully dimensioned or reference dimensioned in accordance with table 3, its dimensions being shown in the appropriate of the columns headed A B, C.D and E/R of the schedule. 4.2.1.4 For all shapes, the dimension of the run-off leg (see column 4 of table 1), shall be allowed to deviate from its intended length by the sum of all tolerances. 4.2.1.5 No dimension given in table 1 shall be given a zero value, as this will change the basic shape, 146 © s 2 a z 8 g 2 2 3 zee suv ww sopduca SnpouDs SHA. wo} ema weg | esa _| vores | 30 scan panos eek “aul ge aywesa 1p soxdunus.u poseeds ( TH aps LONER ‘You | afoig | 928 SVS 01 Cat O57) ow UB =A | ee eas on e940 polag | was wo | or | ov | © | _¢ | won| sessew wel us| wu | ww] uns ww ozs ¢ = oy | vow | 28 | yes | oon Blaafo| oe |v | MS | aap | A] Leon] pene lepueye-vou pus Bul (esto . 0 ‘seep Bumpu0d Ps pus Buea 20p00 adeus uoweosoyu10e eawout e on e[sTrle v eljos 1eq 8 Jo ojdweXS — ¢ aGeL 15SANS 282: Edition 5.4 4.2.2 Hooks and bends 422.1 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, the proportions and dimensions of the hooks and bends shown in column 4 of table 1 shall conform to the appropriate values given in figures 2 or 3, as relevant, subject to Variations as may follow from tolerances in other portions of the bar. 4.2.2.2 For all shapes with two or more bends in the same or opposite directions (whether in the ‘same plane or not), the overall dimension given in the schedule shall always include a minimum straight length between the curved portion of the bends, as shown in figure 4. The value of this, straight portion shail be not less than the following (see table 2 of SANS 920 (SABS 920:1986)) a) Ad for material with characteristic strength of 250 MPa; b) 4d for material with characteristic strength of 450 MPa and not exceeding 20 mm diameter; and ©) 6d for material with characteristic strength of 450 MPa 4dimin) or 66 for high tensile bars x > 20 mm diameter Teg Figure 4— Example of bar with more than one bend 4.2.2.3 The overall off-set dimension of a crank shail be not Jess than twice the diameter of a circle ‘that circumscribes the bar or the wire, The angled length, as shown in figure 1, shall be not less than the following: 8) 10d for material with a characteristic strength of 250 MPa; ') 12d for material with @ characteristic strength of 450 MPa and not exceeding 20 mm diameter, and ©) 14d for material with a characteristic strength of 450 MPa and exceeding 20 mm diameter. 4.2.2.4 The length of material to be used in the determination of the calculated length to form a bbend or hook shall be as given for n or hin figures 2 and 3. 16SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.4 4.2.3 Radii of bends 4.2.3.1 The intemal radius of a bend, hook or comer of a bar (where the radius is not specified as r ‘as in table 4 or can be determined from dimensions) should be twice the nominal size of the bar, in the case of hot-rolled mild steel bars, and three times the size of the bar, in the case of high yield ‘stress steel bars and cold-worked steel bars (see figures 2 and 3). Where so desired, the radius for ‘corners may be increased. This change shall be indicated shape code 99, 4.2.3.2 The internal radius of corners marked with a radius ror where the radius can be determined from a dimension, shall be not less than the radius as specified in 4.2.3.1 4.2.3.3 Comers in non-standard bars shall comply with 4.2.3.1 or 4.2.3.2, as applicable, 7] 28C SNYS WipA SaycLUOD giNpEYOS SL wus 9 o saidqra ut payeoods (¢ payooug | uneig | sre ores 201 SNYS Jo | 0mnBy 908 (Z en uu $2 0 Seno ur payoads CL seesant TH Toenen | bones - Oop B01 2a URED BOD = Z — aes BHO | 929 sys (eat O52) Seg oe eA WOH « Li enenrees | ON Rela waa veoug | “oes envs at ecw ond) sea oars pen =u [ToL |or[or] e@ | 9 | es WON wna 7 00s Vo a. zz_| 9s us sz so alee 306) RDU ae we | | ome [ox] a | # cots | seu ee a oo [oo | oo | ons | on | om | oz | zw 0 [_ 9 1S aH PaO un] ua | soi wo Jaw fans | uw | un u u %~| 0 ip ony Guppueg | 2FO2 s iy | som venpaneu Gupvea | gee | 2 q 7 se [ae | xe ea f[olo}] @ | wv on | fe | gia, [erSweweno | «unduer | wuons | ea uajavouyp Bupaeg 2/PUE BRI FOES rwous | 0s 1 Was 1 SOURID 3 a jels[ "fe zh w o @ « [:[e =: e z [ot 8 8 ac ainpeyos d14qe} Jo ejdwexy — p OE L Bo Se 2 2 ze 7 5 ouSANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.2.4 Angles 4.2.4.4 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, the angle formed at a bend shall be a right angie. 4.2.4.2 In the case of an angle of a comer that is not a right angle, 2) if the overall height is critical, the angle shall be defined by a slope length and an offset, as shown in figure 1(b), and +) if the slope is critical, the angle shall be defined by the length of the slope and the rise, as shown in figure 1(a), 4.2.5 Curved bars ‘A bar that has to be formed to @ radius less than or equal to the appropriate value given in table 5, shall be bent to the required curvature before being placed in its final position. Reinforcement to be formed to a radius exceeding that given in table 5, shall be supplied straight and the required ‘curvature can be obtained during placing. NOTE 1_ For shapes with straight and curved lengths (for example, shape codes 29, 51, 81 and 85 in table 1), ‘he largest practical radius for the production of the continuous curve is 200 mm (this value should be checked with the bending yard concemed) and for larger radii the curve may be produced by a series of short straight, sections, NOTE 2A section of up to 300 mm at each end of a ber cannot be radiused. Ifnecessary, the cutting length ‘should make allowance for these lengths to be removed from the radiused portion Table 5 — Maximum bending radius 7 2 ‘Nominal size of bar Critical radius 8 28 10 3 12 35 16 5 20 7 25 7 2 “a NOTE Ifa larger radius is required, the bar should be| [supplied as a straight bar and the required radius can ‘be obtained during placing, but see also NOTES to 425. 5.1 General NOTE The purpose of the provisions gWven in this clause is to obtain uniformity in the compilation of bar and fabric schedules. The implementation of these provisions should lead not only to easier interpretation of ‘working drawings but also to simplification of the preparation of a bending and cutting lst. 5.1.1 The bar and fabric schedules shall be separate and shall be drawn up as shown in tables 3 ‘and 4, respectively. Individual schedules shall be done on A4 sheets, but larger sheets of the A 19‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 ‘series may be used in such a way that the schedules can be cut or folded to a nominal Ad size. For simple structural components such 2s beams, columns and rectangular column bases (but not only them), the assembly drawing of the component may be included on the same sheet as the schedule. Such drawings may be produced on A3 sheets on which the width of the schedule should be confined to the nominal width of an A4 sheet. 5.1.2 All hooks, bends and comer radii of bars shown in figure 3 shall be deemed to be standard values and are not reflected in dimensions in the schedule. For non-standard bars, dimensions of standard hooks, bends and corner radii may be omitied and where so omitted they shall be deemed to be standard values. NOTE For computer produced schedules, the column widths and the size of the schedule may vary from those shown in tables 3 and 4, but the sequence of columns should be maintained. The schedule should not be significantly larger than size’Ad, 5.1.3 The bar or fabric schedules shall include the statement “This schedule complies with ‘SANS 282" 5.2 Title block ‘The title block may appear either at the top or at the bottom of the schedule. The following information shall be displayed in the tite block: 2) the name of the project; b) the number of the project; ©) the component type and the location (which may appear in the title block or in another place in the schedule); ¢) a cross-reference to a layout drawing number, ) the schedule number with an optional revision number. This should appear close to the right- hand edge of the schedule. If the revision number does not form part of the schedule number, then the revision number is to be shown separately but adjacent to the schedule number, ‘) the name of the organization responsible for the design of the project: 49) the date the schedule was prepared: hy) the signatures or printed initials of the engineer and the checker; and ') such other information as the design organization deems necessary for the adequate control and ‘administration of the project. NOTE Where a revision ofthe schedule is necessary, the line or ines affected may be indicated by @ suitable reference on the schedule, §.3 Bar and fabric marks ‘The bar mark given in column 4 of table 3 and the fabric mark given in column 1 of table 4 shall Consist of the identifying numbers or letters (or both), that shall also be displayed on a label (see ‘clause 6), which shall be attached to the bars or to the fabric. Bar and fabric marks should consist of a range of consecutive numbersfletters, and no mark should consist of more than three characters. ‘The numbers should be taken from the range 01 to 99 and the letters should be taken from the range A to YY. Where such ranges are inadequate, use either 20SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.4 ) a combination of letters taken from the range A to YY, followed by a single-digit number, or 'b) a combination of numbers taken from the range 01 to 99, preceded or followed by a letter. Combinations starting with "E" shall be reserved for bar marks where special end preparation is required (for example, couplers) 5.4 Type and size Inthe "Type and size" column, the types of steel and the nominal sizes of bars (given in SANS 920), ‘shall be indicated in abbreviated (symbol) form, as follows: a) symbols R__ denotes plain round mild stee! bars, of strength 250 MPa; Y denotes high yield deformed steel bars, of strength 450 MPa; and Z__denotes types of stee! not covered by R or Y; b) sizes: The size of the bar is given after the symbol and indicates the nominal diameter of the ber in millimetres, NOTE Where possible, mesh may not be listed on the same schedule as bar reinforcement, 5.5 Bending schedule 5.5.1. The bend regard should be dimensions given in table 3 and table 4 should be muttioles of 5 mm, and due to the applicable requirements and bending tolerances in table 2. 5.5.2. Shapes of shape code 99 shall be shown in sufficient detail (see annex A) to feciltate cutting and bending, or they shail be supported by a dimensioned sketch. The method for the measurement of dimensions in table 4 shall be used. The total length shall be given, and unless there is an end anchorage bend or hook, one bending dimension, preferably an end dimension, shall be indicated as the free dimension, to allow for permissible deviations. The r, n and fh values, if different from the values given in figure’2 and figure 3, shall be given in the schedule. The tolerances in table 2 also apply to shape code 99. §.6 Bending of fabric reinforcement ‘The sketch in column 12 of table 4 shall indicate the following 2) the direction of bending retative to the transverse wires (see figure 6(a)); ee Teste Figure 5(a) — Position of transverse wires a‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 b) the direction of the longitudinal wires of the sheet, to ensure bending about the correct axis (see figure 5(b)); L t- L or waa Figure 5(b) — Indication of longitudinal wires c) the correct orientation of an asymmetric sheet, to ensure the correct setting out of bending dimensions (see figure 5(c)). oy oy Oo Pao A | ~f Eee EEE Damen Figure 6(c) — Orientation of an asymmetric sheet Figure 5 — Positions of fabric reinforcement For all bent fabric reinforcement, the bending dimensions shall not be indicated at positions near welded transverse wires that occur within four diameters of the start of a bend (see figure 6). can S SX Figure 6 — Position of welded transverse wires 5.7 Cutting length ‘The length of a bar shall be the cutting length as defined in 3.5. 6 Bar or fabric label ‘The bar or fabric label shail contain sufficient information to identify the bar or fabric in terms of the relevant schedule. 7 Manufacturing and routine inspection 7.1. Purpose-made shearing equipment shall be used for cutting bars to length. The tolerances, given in table 2 shall apply to each length. 22SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 7.2 Bending shall be carried out on power bending machines. Plain smooth surfaces or rolls that do not offer resistance to Iongitudinal movement of the bars or fabric being bent shall be provided to ensure adequate support. The diameter of formers that are used in bending bends and hooks in accordance with figure 2 and figure 3 shall be such that bends and hooks will be provided of the radii given in figure 2 and figure 3, subject to the appropriate tolerances. 7.3. The manufacturer shall ensure that cutting and bending machine operators are trained in the skills necessary to produce cut and bent products of dimensions within the permissible size deviations and of consistent quality. A formal operative approval and testing system shall be implemented and operators shall have been certified by the manufacturer as having achieved the minimum standards of competence. 8 Quality evaluation {Quality evaluation shall be carried out in accordance with SANS 920 in the case of stee! bars and in ‘accordance with SANS 1024 in the case of steel fabric. 23‘SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Annex A (normative) Summary of shape codes Table A.1 — Summary of shape codes 7 Ba 32 77 a i He_ | | NOTE 1 Use shape code 88 for ail other shapes. A dimensioned sketch of the shape chal be even} in the bending schedule. NOTE 2 Radi ofall bends are standard unless ris given in the bending schedule INOTE 3_All dimensions are external (ouside) chmensions ) 24Bibliography SANS 1014 (SABS 0144), Detailing of stee! reinforcement for conorete. © Standards South Afica 25