Designation: D 6760 ~ 08 Standard Test Method for Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing! sina ope ah ene weve. he yee ls reves, A rs pene aves the Ya fas ea Spurr epi asta on eal ane she hehe so appa 4. Scope LL This test method covers procedures for checking the homogeneity and intearity af concrete in deep Foundation such a haved piles, drilled shavs, concrete piles oe augereast pies This method ean also be extended to diaphragm walls. ber roites, dams ete. In this (@st method, all the above will be esignaved “dvep fouadation elements.” The lest mexsures the propagation time and relaive energy of an ultrasonic pulse herween parallel aceess dicts (crasshole) of in s single tube {single hole) invalled in the deep foundation element, This method is mest applicable when performed i tubes that re insialled daring construction 12 Similar techniques with different excitation sources exist, but these techniques are outside the scope of this test method. 1.3. All observed and! caleulatec values shall conform to the suidelines for significant sigits and rounding established in ice D 026, 1.3.1 The method used wo specity nw dats ste collected calculated, or recorded inthis standard is not dieetly related 10) the accaracy to which data can be applied in design of other uses. or both, How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope. 14 The method used to specify how data are collected, caleulated, or recorded in this text method is wot diceety related (othe accuracy to which data ean be applied in design or other uses, er hath. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its seope 13 This stanikird. provides minimum requirements for ‘rossinole (or single hole) testing of concrete deep Foundation elements. Plans, specications, provisions. or combinations thereof prepared sd engineer, and approved by the ‘agency requiring the fest(s), may provide additional requite- ments and procedures as needed (9 satisfy the objectives of a particular fest program 16 The text of this standin references notes and footnotes hich provide explanatory material These notes and foomotes ‘rem ahion sured Jo 1200 Ped ay D8. Creel spon a 30, La pesto ontop 202 BHR (excluding these in tables and figures} shall not be considesed fs requirements of the standard 17 Tho values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Sandan) No other units of measerement are included in this standard 1.8 Livrtutions—Proper installation of the access ducts is essential for effective testing and interpretation. The method dees not give the exact type of defect (for example, inehusion, hhoneycombing, lack of cement paricles, ete > hur rather only hat detest exists. The iethod ts limited primarily to testing the conerste berween the aceess ducts and thus gives litle information about the conerete cutside the reinforcement ease to which the access ducts ate attached when the tnss are tached (0 the inside of the reintorcement cage. 1.9 This standard does mot puryort io audibress all of the safery concerns, if any, assocuited with i wie. It is the esponsibility of the user of th standard ro establish price sufery and health practices and determine the applica bility of regulatory linisaiions prior 10 use 2. Referenced Documents 2. ASTM Standards: * D143 Test Method f sive Lond” 13740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engagod in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock ‘as Use in Engineering Design and Consinction ADIs Test Method for High-Strain Dynamic Testing of Piles 1D-SES2 “Test Method for Low Strain fnnpwct Inte; ing of Deep Foundations 161126 Practice for Using St «cal Data Piles Under State Asia Compre Test pificant Digits i 3. Terminology AA Defnitions of Terms Specific 10 This Standard: ‘aor © ASIA G0 Be Habu Oe PO C2, Wet Condcackn, PRISIEID,U Senly 0 6760-08 3.L-1 access ducts, preformed slee) tubes, plastic tubes: Lor example, PVC of equivalent, or drilled boreholes, placed Inthe concrete to allaw prabe envy in pains to measure pase ‘uansinission in the concrete besveen the probes. 3.1.2 anomaly. n—integulaity oF series of inegularties hscrved in an ultrasonic preile indicating possible Naw: 3.13 defect, n—a flaw thut, because oF either size or location, nay detract from the elements capacity ac durability 3A depth interva nthe maximum) incremental spacing ‘long the pile shalt between ultrasonic pulses 21.5 slaw. many deviation trom the planned shape o 1 for both) of the element 3.1.6 inteerity evahuaition. the qualitative or qtanitative evaluation of the conctete continuity and consisteney between the aecess ducts or boreholes, BAT specifier. nome party requesting that the tests are ried opt, fo example, the engineer or client 3.1.8 uliasonic profile. na combined graphical output of ‘a seties of measured or processed ultrasonic pulses with depth BL9 ultrasonic pulke, r—date for one specthic depll of a short duration generated by 9 transmiter probe and sensed by the receiver probe 4. Principle of the Test Method 4.1 The actual speed of sound wane propsgation in vonerete is dependent on the concrete material propaties, geometry of the clement and waveloigth of the sound wines. When lltrasonic frequencies (for example, >20.000 He) are sener ated, Pressure (P) waves an Shear (S) waves travel though the concrete. Because 8 waves are teluively Siow. they ae of no Turther interest im this method. In good quality concrete the Pewave speed would typically range between 3600 to 4400 nis. Poor quality conezete containing detects for example, soil inclusion, gravel, water, drilling mud, bentonite, voids, eon Laminated concrete, or excessive segregation of the constituent particles) has a comparatively lower Povave speed. By mea- Suing the trait time of an altrasonie P-wave signal hoeween tay uliesonie transmitter and seveiver im two parallel water filled access ducts east into the concrete during consteuctior and spaced at @ known distance apart, such anomalies may be tected. Lsualy the tensmittr and recciver are maintained st tsqual elevarions as they are maxed up or down he access ducts, In some cases and for special processing the probes may be deliberately offsct in relative elevation and the use of ‘multiple receivers cither in the same access dc or in multiple aaccoss dnets can also be allow Testing ofthe eomonet inthe: ‘icinity af the duct can also be mtade with both probes installed ina single access duct. The principles and lsnitations ofthe test fn! tempretatin of che rsbits ue deseribed in the References 4.2 Two ulaasonic probes, one a transmitter and the other a receiver, aro Iowvcred and lifted usually in unison in theie respective water filled access duets) to test the full shaft Tenge from top to bottom. The transmiter probe genera ul pulses at frequent and regular imervals during the probes ccontnifled travel rate, The probe depth and receiver probe's fougput Cimed vekadve 4 dhe aanismiter probe's ultrasonic pulse generation) awe recorded for exch pulse, The receiver's ‘oulput signals ave Sampled and saved as amplitude versus vie [see Fig. 1) for each sampled depih. These signals can be then nested to produce a “waterfall” diagram (see Tight side of Fig, » 4.3: The data swe further processed and presented to shorw the Hist arrival of the uliasonic pulse al the relative energy’ a the signal 10 aid imerpretation, The processed data ane platted versus depth as a graphical representatian of the ultrasonic profile of the tested structore. Special test methods 10 further investigate anomalies are etnplayed! where the probes ate not raised cogother. The References section lis further sources of informition about these special tat techniques, 5. Significance and Use 5.1 This method uses data from! ultrasonic prubes lowered imo parallel access duets, oF in a single access duc. in the deep Fourklation element to assess the homogeneity and integrity af sonerote hetween the probes. The data ate used te conliem, aulequate concrere quality oF identity zanes oF poor quality. ff iefects are detected, then further investisations should he msde by excavation or coring the conctete as appropriate. or by other testing such as Test Method D143, D4945 or D $882, and measures taken & remediate the structure da defect is contenned Nore The qiaity of ths remlt puchcnd by tis standard i spender! on the onnptence of the ponsinel peromn: HL and She ‘oad othe equipment and cies Ned Agencies that mee the Siitcna of Practise NF pencally combs capable af emp und cect testing and insect, User of ds sad se cash ed at compan with Practice D 3740 dows notin kel wore ree resis Rel ress penn many eons Prelce D740 provide {icine of evating. some of tho fxn 6, Apparat 6.1 Appanites for Allowing Internal. Inspeciion (Aecess Ducis) To provide access for the probes. access ducts ean be preformed tubes, whuch are preferably installed during the deep tivondation element installahon, The tubes shull preerably be ‘mile steel for erosshote testing, and are required ta he PYC o qquivalent for single hole testing. Plastic bes, while ant preferred for crosshole testing, can be used in special Mances if approved By the speeifce but require moze freqacnt ‘attachment (o the reinforcing eage 4) maintain alignment. The plasGe materia] must not detorm daring te high temp fof concrete curing, If no thes ate installed doing const boreholes drilled into the pile or structure can be installed after allaion, The internal diameter ot the aecess dhicts shal he {0 allow the easy passage of the ultrasome probes cover the entire access duet length. It the aecess duet diameter ie too large it influences the precision of arrival time and Called vonerste wave speed. Access hits typically have an eter fran 38 to 50) mn 62 Apparatus for Determining Physical Tes? Parameters 62.1 Weighted Measuring Tepe—A plumb bob connected tos mneqsuring tape sill be use! us a dummy probe Lo check FIG. 1 1 ms Duration Ultrasone Pulse from Roooiverlly p 6760 - 08 FIG. 2 Typical Utrasonie Profile Fre passage througls and determine the unobstructed length of ‘each access duct t0 the neurest 100 ain, The plumb bob shal Ihave a diameter similar eo the diameter of the probes 6.2.2 Magnerie Compass. magnetie compass accurate t0 within 10° shall be used to document the access duct design tions compared with the site hiyout plan. Altemutely, acess ducts can be beled based on the site plan, suctare erientar tion of ather methods to dactument access duet designations assigned and wsoit fr reporting est resus 6.23 Apparatus jor Obwaining Measurements G31 Probes—Probes shall sllon 2 generated or detected puke within 125 mm of the bottom of the access duct. The ‘weight of each probe shall in all cases he sutfcient to allow it to sink onder its own weight in the neces ducts. The probe Dowsing shall be waterproof «9 al feast 1.5 Gites the maxima depth of test 32 Thunsonitter Probe—The transmitter probe shall 20n- crave an ultrasonic pulse with a froqueney of between 341000 Hiram (00) 080 He G3 Receiver Probe—The receiver probe shall be of similar size nd compatible design tothe transmit probe and used fo detect the arrival of the wltssonie pulse generated by te ansimiter probe Ad Probe Centealicer IF the receiver or «asmirter probes, o both, ane foxs than half the access duct diameter, coach probe shall be fitted with centealizers with effective aweter equivelent 0 at least 50% of the access duct diameter. It shall be designed te minimize any possible sgularites in the inner ascess duct Wall GAS Sigual Tronsiission Cubles-—The signs) cables used vo deploy the probes sik) transit data fear the profes shall be suiiciently robust 10 support the probes” weight. The eable shall be abrasion resistant w allow repeated field ase and maintain flexibility in the nmge of anticipated tempera’ All cable connectors or splices, st amy, shall be watertight Where the signal tansmission cables exit the access duit, suitable eable guides, pulleys or cushioning material shall be Filed inside the acess ducts ty minimize abrasion and gener ally assist with smoeth deployment of the probes. 6.36 Probe Deptir Measuring Device—The signal cibles| stall he passed over or vhroigh « pulley with a depth encoding device w determine the dept 16 the lection of the tawismnitter anal receiver on the probes in the access ducts theouighcat the test. "The design of the depth-measuring device shill be sch that cable slippage shallot occur Preferibly a separate ‘depth- measuring device shall monicoe each probe separately 50 the exact depth of each probe & Known at all tines. CAlte nately a single polley can be connected to nne clectonie depth fncever, ba thew the probes mist femain at the sane known relative elevation differenee for the enti tes.) The dopeh measuring device shal be accurate to within 16 ofthe a duct length, oF 0.25 ma, whichever is lager: 64 Apparains Jor Recording, Processing anal Displaying Dae: 64.1 General —The signals fron) the transmitter and re ceiver probes and the depth-imeasucing device shall be trans ‘mitted to eld ruaued, computerired apparatus For recording, processing und displaying the daca in the form ei an ultrasonic profile. A typical schematic arrangement for the test apparatus ts strates in Fig. 2, The apparatus shall generate pulses from the transmitter probe either at Sed depth intervals of a1 fied ‘inne intervals. nthe later ease, the depth shal he eared sma assigned & each pube captured by the apparatus fr the instant tof pulse generation. The rate ef pulse generation by either ‘method shall gonerate at least one eltrasonie pulse far every uired depts interval, typvenlly $0 mm a hss. The appara, Sin have adjustable gain 10 opximize dereesion of the mans mitted pulse by the receiver probe for the concrete wer lea G42 Reconling Apparans—Fack rransoitted lire pulse shall immediately sunt the data sequisition for the revelver probe. Analog signals of an uluasonic pulse aneassed by he receiving probe shal be digitized by an analog w digital FIG. 9 Test AtrangementQh 0672000 ‘converter with a minimum amplitude resolution of 12 bits and ‘minimum sampling frequency of 250 000 Hz. The appairatas Stull ead the depili-measuring device aid assign at depth ce ‘each digitized wlttasonie pulse, The spppacatus shall store these raw digitized ulteasonic pulses sind the processed data from ach uliasonic profile far exch pair af access dacs. A! stored data shall have ilenaifying hezder information attached to it describing the test location. profile Mentifie, date stamp and all pertinent infosmstion regarding the tet 64.3 Apparatus for Processing Dato—The appatutes for processing the data sboll be a digital computer of mierypro- cess capable of amaly2ing all deta to identity atleast the fast arrival and enemy of the transmitted ultrasonic polse at the receiver probe for each depth interval, The data shall then be compiled into a single ultrasonic profile toe each dict 644 Apparatus for Display of Measared Dota—The apper ratus shall be capable of elisplay'ng the raw receiver ultrasonic pulses to confiem datz quality daring acquisition, After data acquisition, the apparatus shall he capable of displaying the trav dats of each ultrasonic pulbe along the entize pile length The apparatus shall also clisplay the processed ultrasonic profile, ‘Tae apparatus may opkionally include w printer for on site output of results, 7. Procedure Insnullation af Preformed Access Drets Tad General-—The access duets. shall be supplied snd Insialled during construction by of ia cooyeration with the contractor af the deep foundation element to he tested. ‘The tial mnmker of installed aecess ducts in the deen Foundation element should he chosen consistent with goad eaveruge of the cross seetion. As a guide, the number of acceys duet is often selected as cme duct for every 0.25 49 0.30 m of deep cliametet, spaved ogpily around che cite ‘A snininuis of thas access duets is preferred foe ess tubes of PYC or equivalent ier material with low wave speed are acceptable For single hole testing of stall diameter deep foundation elements. ‘Typical access dct layout eontigwrations for variows structed ements ate lust in Fig. # FA.2 Preformed Access Tube Preparation-—The weess tubes shall be straight and free feo internal obstractions, The fextoriay tube surliee shall he free fron) contamination (for ind for plastic foondation elem ccnere crosshole testing. Single example, oil, die, lowse rust, all scale, ete. FIG, 4 Typioal Accese Duct Configurations tubes the surtsce shall he fly roughened by abrasion prior 10 Installation, © ensure a good hond between the tube surface sand the surrounding concrete, The ens ef the whes shall he Undameged and suitably prepared (or the end caps and cou pling system adopted. The access tubes shall be close ended at the bottom and fitted with remiovable end cas a the top 10 [prevent entry oF canerete a forvign objects, which could block ho tubes prior fo testing operations TALS Preformed Accexs Tube Extensions—If extension of the aecess tubes is necessary de fo long tube lengths, acess tube couplings Stall he used which prevent slury or groot ingress during construction, Bute wekling for steel tube com pilings shall noc he permitted. For coupling plastic thes, threaded or glued plestic couplings stall be used. Wraypin joints with tape of other compounds is strictly fvbiden 1.2 Preformed Access Tube tastattarion—The sxe tubes Shull he instalied Such thar tale hottom is as close as possible to the boon of the eonerete deep Foundation elennent so eit the bostou condiion can be tested. The access tubes shall have ‘ minimam concrete cover of L gabe diameter: Access tubes ‘ill be secured To the inside of the min axial reinforcernent OF the steel cage at Crequent and tegulir imvervate along their lengih to maintain the tube alignment during « lowering and subsequent concreting of the deep ioundtion clement. During tbe installation, cars should he then te fensine that all access tubes ate 4 pasa to each ether a6 eisible. Alter installation of the reinforvernent eae into the loop Foundation element, the cp enc caps sll be Cemporaily removed and the tubes shall be ingpected to verify they ace cleat af ostmctions. Access mbes shond he ‘led with water prior to. of within one hour of. concrete placement 9 assare yood bonding of the concrete w the tube after the concrete cools LLU Preformed Aecess Tube Installation Records LLengihs of eaeh access tube and separation of the access tabes atthe lop and bottom, and peetersbly at the midpoint along che lenath shall be recorded tothe nearest 10 sam, Foint details end their norninal position shall he recorded. Records ofthe aves tube instalation Metis shall be mace ane! ept by the cng zation installing the tubes 7A Installation of Drilled Access Ducts (Borehales)—tn ceases where structures 10 be tested have ao preformed access Tubes, dalled boreholes may be use! to provide prabe sccess Norma! procedures for concrete dling ar eoring, or both, ean be use t firm the aocess ducts, selecting a borehole dian ete ‘consistent with Ue profes and delling equipment capable of filling an essontially stmight twrehole. Where critical, the ‘lignavent of each borehole cam be checked by independent means, The borehole cores shall be inspected Tor additional tsight 74 General test Procedures FALL Chock that the apparatus is functioning eoseeetly prion ty mobilizing (0 sito JA Date af Tosting—The tests shall be perToemel no sooner than 3 19 7 days afier casting depending on concrete stvengily and shalt diameter (lager diameter shafis way take ‘loser to 7 days) unless agreed with specifier. la the case of pistie access tubes, testing should he completed as soon asly 0 5760-08 Practical w prevent loss of ‘epnerete trom the tube TA. Propaving Avcess Duets for Testing-—The secess ducts shall be exposed and the protective tap caps removed. Prefer: ably, use a weighted mestsiring tape to measure sind record the Teng of eacts access duet co the neest 10 rim. Ihe acess ducts blocked, recent the depth of the blockage from the wees euet top. The acvens ducts Stall be filled to the top with wean water. 1 caused by debonding of the 744 Aecess Duct Docrnemarion—Assign a systematic reference label 1p exeh access duct and prepare a relenence sketel of dhe access duct layout using the snagnetic Compass oF X site plan dagen, The as-built detail of the access dct Tayo shall be recorded! inclnchng, measuring the center: center separations ofthe exposed! aseest duets tothe nearest 10 Ina) using 2 messuring tape wi mesuting the access dict length exposed aove the concrete. if any, 10 Uke nearest 100 TAS Probe Peeparaiion—To obtain a good acoustic com pling becween the probes and the water in the access dusts, the probes shall be clean and free from all conkunmnants. 7.46 The functionality ofthe equipment should be checked according © the manutacture’s operation instructions. Cheek that test equipment and probes are functioning correctly prior rovnctual testing by verifying that aleasoaic pulses re received ine reconing appparate 2.3 Obiaining Measurements with the ote: 75.1 Pay due rogard to safery and any special insmuctions lluclurer's procedures pertaining «the puricuhar ay pas eanployed 7.5.2 Document the pair of necess ducts being tested. Place the yrohe cable pulley guides into the acess duets, nsert he Luansmnidter an! receiver pres nt these aocess duets ensuring hat the cables are engaget over te respective cable pulley aides fixed atthe aecess duct tops. Ifthe access duct (Ops ate fot level, then hold the prohes atthe level af the lower acess oct op, 75.3 Zero the depitr-measuci cecording apparatus, 7.5.1 Cetefully lower the probes don to the bottom of the access ducts, always keeping them at approximately the same level. until ane probe reaches the bottom of the duct o¢ encounters an obstruction (for esmple, beeatise one access ‘dict shortet, bent cir Dlockedh, Set the Weprh Hosatiow > the bottom of the tubes, if necessary. Raise the probes fom the tube bottem ro 2 portion af the dep foundation element with good quality eumerete IF require by the test system manufac turer, to ensue that the distance between probes is minimized the telative level of the probes should be sljusted ti the time of fist arrival of the signal is minimized, Temporvrily secre the cables at that level with she cables remaining in oqual Apparatus (Cross device if required by the 755 Adjust the test azparatus, if necessary. selecting the transmitter power seiting ark! receiver gain requited for che access duet separation distance and concnxe chracteritics fencountered saci that an ultrasonie pulse with good amplitude can be consistently obtained in a pertion of deep foundation element of gand quality. Return the probes 10 the access diet Dovtouns Nove 2-~Thedesp foundation lem op and tion ae mmr ikely cout euntaminuted cosets than at inorndate esti Sang ‘hs Sol Gon toing gai sold he doe a lone Hate aug the clement Legit The pain seta bean ont Cally aja per apport sptemancd oadap dlc paces etwcen teed ann tt pair s0 Hi God sip vagus abe sina 7.5.6 Begin recording the ultrasonic pulses the probes ae raisad. Lift both probes by stony pulling the probe exbles sposd of uscant slow enoma fo capture one wonie pulse ter each depth interval specified. Han ult sonie pulse is net obtained for any deptir interval. then the probes shall be lonered past that depth and the tet repeated onl all depth intervals have aa associated ultrasonic pulse. New 3D cletion domi ce dung beh cerned a op xc wnty pursed Iso the Fee wave Nowy 4th some cases iH fe abeantaoowe 0 place das probs Aisne! Ievelscrng ping, Te ifarences cat te oho Hed aable diane deere the app ation 7.6 Obteining Measurements with the Apparatus (Single hoe 761 Pay dhe vee ‘or manufacturer's procedures pet ppaatus employes 7.6.2, The transmitter ancl ceceiver probes shall be Axes! ‘ach othey ata eset vertical separation (few example. typically {500 mim). The vertical separation may he increas bo sean a laager radios around! the access eve. This will, however, reduce the measured proile length an the detoction resolution, Pisce the probe cuble pulley guide inta the single access duct (PVC Dr equivalent duct required), Inset the nnsoniter and r2coiver probes into tis access duct ensuring that the cables are engaged over the cable palley guide fixed al the access duct top. 716.3 Zero the depth-ine apparatus. if required 7.64 Carefully lower the probes down (0 the bottom of the access ducts, uatil the lower probe reaches the botiom of the duct or encounters an obstruction. Set the dent Iecation to the bottom af the tubes, if necessary. Raise the probes from the horton to @ portion of the dee Founkation element with A quality coucrele, Temporarily secure the calles that level 7.65 Adjust the txt apparatus. if necessary, select luunsaier power seuing and rexciver gain required for con role characterities encountered sich thal ap ulitasonie pulse ‘with gond amplitade can he consistently obuined in & port ‘of deep foundation element of good quality. Special care Should be taken since the faster signal through conerete has Significantly lower samplitode than the slower signal dough he waterifled tbe. Ketan the probes fo the access duct batons 7.606 Begin recording the ultssonic pubes as the probes are raised. Lill both probes by steacily palling the probe cables suavulkaneously ata speed of ascent slow enough to captare ane wd to safely and any special instructions ing to the pavticubar ap ie device by the recordingDy 6760-08 laltasonic polse for each depth interval specified. IF an sonic pase is not obtained for any depth interval, then the robes shall he Fowered past that depth sind the test repeated Until all depth intervals have an sssociated ultrasonic pulse 2.7 Data Quality Cheers: 7.7.1 After completing data acypisition, view the eltasonie profile obtiined. Check the ultrasonic profte quality. The waterfall grapiiey G12. Fig. 2) should be of good wsolution ‘and contrast 7.1.2 Compate the Jength of the measwred ultasonie profile vith the measured socess duet fengta. [n conyauring these measurements 4 cortetion shoald be mice 40 accont for the length berween che bottom of the probe assembly to the ext point of the wansmister an receiver on the probe. “The difference between the corrected niessurements shall not e: ‘cen 1% of the measted length «v0.25 19, whichever is large. 7.7.3 sure that she eapnared dats ae Tabeled with the deep Foundation element identification, ilentfication of the ovo access dusty fo the data set, date of test, identification of the est uperotr, snd any further necessary) project formation ‘uch ls site and Tocation dotails as roguested by the specitier. Stove the data and information safely: 78 Completing the Tes: 78.1 Ui the altsasonic proble indicates aw anomaly, then the suspect anomaly Zane may be farther investigated by special {est prcecunes sue as fan sinaped fests, tests with the probes raised at a fised offset distance, oF other tomegraphical ues (2 3), The probes shall be lowered to a depeh of at least 1m below thie anomaly ann! raised «0 a depth of at least Em above the anomaly, 7.8.2 Repeat 75-78 forthe remain pairs of access duets ene acess dacs mayb gna upon comgltion TY Analysis of Measurements 7.9.1 A hard eopy of the ultssonie profiles shall be elecely presented nd annokwed The ultasinic profiles shall he collated separately far each tect deop fournation element, AS-a Imininurn, the profile shall include the calculated relative energy an the sarival tine oF apparent wave speed derived from the arial time and tube sjuwing. The leit exige af the traditional “waterfall” diagram also couesponds (0 the list ttrival tire, Pig, 2 lustre boul this traditional “waterfall” siiagram shovwn on right and processed signals oa felt. These fata show a special test shaft with purposely installed anor fies ar depths of 1.8, 8.2 and 14.2 m helow the top ef the assess ducts, showing boi arival ume delay an sung at each anomaly location, Joss of signal Ni, 610 recommends hat the wef hyn aici 6 resting of wlrcumie plies a iasoicpel he and the dts Fresnttion. If te wotertal Garam is 01 preset 4 the repr. the (agin dat ms he kept pamela! he scesske eons US Creel dgram i vogue lang pose fre review 2 The results of the analysis shell include the first arrival of the alteasente pulses (or ealenlated wave ‘nw the relative energy or aanpiitade platted relative co the deep Foundation elewent depth to quantity the extent and location ct my apparent anomaly. Bnerey or amplitude are presented 08 Jing scale, aad attenuation of the relative sigs) strength assessed from the log scale oF presented in dB. Any further imerpretation is qualitative snd possibly relative w the pation Tar deep foundacion element suateral, comstrastion character istics of the tested structure. and the apparatus used. Intense Iation therefore must contain proper engrneering judgment and experience, Any evaluation of integrity #5 40 be made by an cenuincer with specialized experience in this eid. aid 1s beyond the scope of this test method 7.9.3 Filtering or smoothing 0° the processed revalts shall be kept te an absoluie minimum siace excessive smoothing ar hltening can hide defeets ane! thes lead te empreper interpreta tion of results. Therefiee, if any post processing filtering or smoothing af the dara is performed for the processed resis, then the amount oF sveting oF fltering shall he shown and the waterfull digram must alse he presented in the cep 8. Report 8.1 Genen!—The test report shall contain the Following formation when available or applicable B.1.1 Identifeution of testing 3 B.1.2 Praject and client identification, 5.13 Date oF tes 81.4 Desctipion of the testiag_appsanans unit wad probes san 8.1.5 Identification of test staff and of persan responsible for the validity of the test report 8.2 Test Deep Foundation Elements 5.2.1 [dentifeation end location of test deep Foundation stement, 32.2 Acchuile geometry of tess deep foundation elornent Including nominal 6: setual (or hothy diameter snd length, S.2.b Test deep foundation element instillation date awd ethod, with any specitic installation observations, N24 Anmngement and ideatifieation of access duets, rele tive separation of ducts, and Wentifying designation docamen $8.25 Amy failure ofthe probes te penetrate the fll depth of the access ducts shall be reported 8.26 Cutoff and giouad elevation of the deep Fourklstion clement, elevation of eve access duct top, or length of aceess duet above top of cumevete at tine eC wes und 2.7 Any other specific observation oF given information relevant to each deep foundation element tested (Hr example, excavation, soil boring, pile constraetion, other integrity test ing, ete.) that relate to the deep foundation clement ested B33 Ulmannte Proples KAI The ultssonic profiles shall he presented logically and clearly For cach structure tested and relevant information shall accompany the profiles or be clearly associated with the profiles hy crost-relerencing, includ each profile with time and depih aves and Seales allowing clear dota interpretation, 8A The test report shall contain comments an the in ‘of the deep foundation element vested, nclidhng locations of Saspected anomalies and. when appeupriate, the influence of ‘constriction techniques on the resulhs, and BALL Comments. on information for horehofes Glsilked fiw ng do confitra anomaly) if available.‘€)p v e760-08 Bias 98.2 Bigs —The 9.1 Precision-—Test data on precision is not presented dc to the nxture oF this cest mettiod. Ir 1s either et feesible 6 (00. il coatly of this tine f@ Have ten UF nore ageneies participate in 10, Keywords savin situ testing program at a given site 8.4 The Subcommittee DI8.11 is seeking any dats fromm Hsers a this fest mechod that might be used to snake a limited staement on precisian. 9. Precision ho accepted reference value toe this test cthod, therefore. bras cannot be deter ine. 10.1 banettes bored pile, rosshole sonic lagging: enastle testing; dill sha‘t; integrity esi: single hole ultewonie testing; ultrasonic logging: ultrasonic test REFERENCES AV CIRIA Rept No 144, “pity Ten i Pin Mattie,” CIRIA, 8} Liki, GB, Webster. Suave, ML, “Brahatias of Defeats and Lena, 197 Tomography for CSL° Paves of dhe Seven int Cont an te 2) Liki G, Bs Rawso, F. Wedsee,K, Klesmsy. A. Dect Analysis Agents of Sistas Dhonny ta Pew 2M Kase, Lupa For CSL Testing.” Gor Denver 2007 New Peaks fe Coecinice, —— Nfaaya, Ady 2004 Clot: wo Pos 27 svt Rape Fmt Paton, Darr Slain ey Const cs Reacoee orste’ peeane ie Fee ore fee Ne cyan AM, Ani und Paka CM, “Ausounce Cae Pr Fit oven 195 Soro by UNtwale Tag"Proe OF Sonat yo Java nw Bacon Soe af Cl Bnav Sal (6 Amit, BML, “Single -Tobe Uenomic "etn of THe Hea.” ASCE Der Foundaion Congirss, Wi pss 80-850, Oa, 2002 STH norte aos mo gente rape ne vty enters assed in ccs wh ay tr rmtorest Inihis sera Users he ngs ates aco at trmnate BNO moh pao ane he hinmagersat of sch ngs etl er oregon “Ts tard suct r a ayn y veporie ct cman a sb ne oer eyo 2d sntresed ster eporedor minder ut cenrena ee vvtd ster tse tis sre: whore sec ‘2 su bo aitassod tc ABTA brat oudqurars eu canes wt ec carck carecerate a6 ei preci oieewhck rayfe f erarmeis ve cav teh Ss ‘ie sensus copped by ASTM teeter 160 Bar Harve ve, PO Ba CG, est Cesnckon A 194282939, Boxes OF al 10852-9585 (ove), €7C-B32-9555 fas). oF sariceDasm.Oo (Mu) oF Orovgh Yo ASTM website owe 0