CAT-2006

EXPLANATORY
ANSWERS
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SECTION-I
Answers to questions 1 to 5:

1. Dipan’s Group scores for groups PCB, Mathematics, Social Science and Vernacular groups
are 98, 95, 95.5 and 95 respectively.
\ His Group scores in English group is 96 × 5 – (98 + 95 + 95.5 + 95) = 96.5
\ His score in English Paper II is 97. Hence, [3].

2. Only Dipan is eligible to apply for a prize, the prize is awarded to Dipan. Hence, [4].

3. Among the boys only Dipan has scored at least 95 in at least one paper from each of the
groups. Hence, [1].

4. To maximize the average score, each of the students has to choose the paper with the minimum
marks or the paper from the Mathematics Group.
Ram has chosen the Vernacular Paper I to improve his score.
\ His Group score in Vernacular group will increase to 97 from 94.
97 - 94
Þ His final score will increase by = 0.6.
5
Þ His final score is 96.7.
Similarly,

Changed Group Increase in New

Subject
Average Final score Finals
Agni Vernacular – Paper I 96.5 1.8 96.1
Pritam Social Science – History 97.5 1.7 95.6
Ayesha Social Science – Geography 97.5 0.7 96.9
Dipan Mathematics Group 100 1 97

Hence, Dipan will be the topper among the ten students. Hence, [5].

5. Joseph’s new final score is 94 + 100 + 100 + 91 + 94.5 = 95.9

5
Similarly, Agni’s new final score is 95.2,
Pritam’s new final score is 96.1 and
Tirna’s new final score is 95.8.
Hence, their standing in decreasing order of final score is Pritam, Joseph, Tirna, Agni.
Hence, [1].

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Answers to questions 6 to 10.

..
Let the Erdös number of F be ‘a’, then on the 3rd day the Erd o s numbers of A and C become
‘a + 1’ each.
..
Since at the end of the 3rd day the Erd o s numbers of five mathematicians is same and that
..
of other three are distinct, the same Erd o s numbers must be ‘a + 1’ and the three distinct
numbers are ‘a’ and ‘x’ and ‘y’ (say).
\ 5(a + 1) + a + x + y = 3 × 8 = 24
\ 6a + x + y = 19
..
E’s Erdös number could not be ‘a + 1’ at the end of day 3, then for on 5th day, E’s Erd o s
number would have remained ‘a + 1’ only
and then average would not have changed.
i.e., E’s Erdös number is either x or y, say x
\ After 5th day, a + 6(a + 1) + y = 2.5 × 8 = 20
i.e., 7a + y = 14 Þ a = 1 ( if a > 1, y < 0)
Þ y = 7 and x = 6.
Thus, we can answer all the questions

6 - [2]
..
7. A’s Erdös number changes from an infinite number to 2 an third day and E’s Erd o s number
changes from 6 to 2 on fifth day.
Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average
Erdös number of the group of eight to as low as 3.
Above statement implies that C’s Erdös number was not 2 in the beginning and it was more
than anyone else in the group (other than A).
If it was 2, then the Erdös numbers initially were F = 1, A = ¥ , C = 2, E = 6, 2, 2, 2, 7.
The co-authorship between F, A and 2 (any of the three 2s) will bring the average to 3, which
contradicts the above statement.
Thus, Erdös numbers of only B, D, F, G and H did not change during the conference.
Hence, [5].

8. C’s Erdös number changed to 2 at the end of the 3rd day and remained same after that.
Hence, [2].

9 - [3]

10. Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average
Erdös number of the group of eight to as low as 3.
Above statement implies that C’s Erdös number was not 2 in the beginning and it was more
than anyone else in the group (other than A).
If it was 2, then the Erdös numbers initially were F = 1, A = ¥ , C = 2, E = 6, 2, 2, 2, 7.
The co-authorship between F, A and 2 (any of the three 2s) will bring the average to 3, which
contradicts the above statement.
\ The Erdös numbers initially were F = 1, A = ¥ , C > 2, E = 6, 2, 2, 2, 7 and at the
end were F = 1, A = 2, C = 2, E = 2, 2, 2, 2, 7.

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Hence, only three participants had the same Erdös number in the beginning.
Only A, C and E changed their Erdös numbers during the conference.
Thus, five participants did not change their Erdös numbers during the conference.
Hence, [2].

Answers to questions 11 to 15:

We know that begining price of shares is Rs.100 on first day and closing price for 5th day is Rs.110.
So, possible combinations for begining and closing price of a share for 5 days are:
Days I II III IV V
A Begin 100 90 100 110 120
Close 90 100 110 120 110

Days I II III IV V
B Begin 100 90 80 90 100
Close 90 80 90 100 110

Days I II III IV V
C Begin 100 110 100 110 120
Close 110 100 110 120 110

Days I II III IV V
D Begin 100 110 100 90 100
Close 110 100 90 100 110

Days I II III IV V
E Begin 100 110 120 130 120
Close 110 120 130 120 110

Days I II III IV V
F Begin 100 90 100 90 100
Close 90 100 90 100 110

Days I II III IV V
G Begin 100 90 100 110 100
Close 90 100 110 100 110

Days I II III IV V
H Begin 100 110 100 110 100
Close 110 100 110 100 110

Days I II III IV V
I Begin 100 110 120 110 120
Close 110 120 110 120 110

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Days I II III IV V
J Begin 100 110 120 110 100
Close 110 120 110 100 110

11. Chetan sold 10 shares on 3 consecutive days and Michael sold 10 shares only once indicates
that share prices went up on 3 consecutive days and only one of the rise is more than Rs.110.

Only combination A satisfies the criteria.

\ Share price at the end of 3rd day is Rs.110. Hence, [3].

12. In the beginning of day I, let the number of shares with Chetan (C) and Michael (M) be x
and the amounts with them be Rs.y, each.

For combinations A :

I II III IV V
Shares x + 10 x x – 10 x – 20 x – 10
Chetan
Money y – 900 y + 100 y + 1200 y + 2400 y + 1300
Shares x x x x – 10 x – 10
Michael
Money y y y y + 1200 y + 1200

Difference in cash at the end of day V = y + 1300 – (y + 1200) = Rs.100

Number of shares with both are same.

Similarly for combination J , Michael will end up with Rs. 100 less cash then Chetan and
same number of shares as Chetan at the end of the day V. Hence, [5].

13. Let in the beginning the number of shares with Chetan and Michael be x and.
Cash with both be Rs.y, each.

For combination D :

I II III IV V
Shares x – 10 x x + 10 x x – 10
Chetan
Money y + 1100 y + 100 y – 800 y + 200 y + 1300
Shares x x x x x
Michael
Money y y y y y

Difference in cash = y + 1300 – y = Rs.1300

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It is true for combinations F , G and H .

\ Referring to combination D , share price at the end of day IV is Rs.100. Hence, [2].

14. Only combination E gives maximum times and maximum rise in the share price.

I II III IV V
Shares x – 10 x – 20 x – 30 x – 20 x – 10
Chetan
Money y + 1100 y + 2300 y + 3600 y + 2400 y + 1300
Shares x x – 10 x – 20 x – 30 x – 30
Michael
Money y y + 1200 y + 2500 y + 3700 y + 3700

\ Total increase at the end of day V for combined cash of Chetan and Michael is
1300 + 3700 = Rs.5000. Hence, [4].

15. Using combination B :

I II III IV V
Shares x + 10 x + 20 x + 10 x x – 10
Chetan
Money y – 900 y + 1700 y – 800 y + 200 y + 1300
Shares x x + 10 x + 10 x + 10 x + 10
Michael
Money y y – 800 y – 800 y – 800 y – 800

Michael has 20 more shares than Chetan at the end of day V.

From combination B , share price at the end of day 3 is Rs.90.

Hence, [1].

Answers to questions 16 to 20:

Sr.No. Possible routes Fuel Cost (Rs.)

1 S-A-T 9 + 5 = 14
2 S-B-A-T 2+2+5=9
3 S-B-C-T 2+3+2=7
4 S-D-C-T 7 + 1 + 2 = 10
5 S-D-T 7 + 6 = 13

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16. Possible routes are S-A-T (14), S-B-A-T (9), S-D-C-T (10) and S-D-T (13), consider options.
In options [2] and [3], the travelling cost along each route will be Rs.14 and Rs.15, respectively.
But since minimum fare should be considered, the correct option is [2]. Hence, [2].

17. Travelling cost should be higher along S-D-T and should be equal along remaining routes. From
options if toll charges are A-0, B-5, C-2, D-2, total travelling cost along all routes will be
Rs.14, while along S-D-T will be Rs.15. Hence, [5].

18. If the toll charges are A-1, B-5, C-3, D-2, total travelling cost along all troutes will be Rs.15.
Hence, [4].

19. Option [1] Option [4]

Route
Travel cost Travel cost
S-A-T 14 15
S-B-A-T 14 15
S-B-C-T 16 15
S-D-C-T 15 15
S-D-T 14 15

Using option [4], same amount of traffic will flow along all the routes. But, S-B and S-D
are involved in two routes, so, traffic through S-B and S-D will be doubled.
Using option [1], all traffic will flow only along S-A-T, S-B-A-T and S-D-T as other two
routes have higher travel cost. So, traffic will be distributed equally only along three routes.
Hence, [1].

20. Consider options: To minimise the total cost, we will consider the toll tax to be minimum
at all the junctions.
[1]: All traffic will flow along S-B-C-T i.e., 100% traffic will pass through B, which is not
possible.
[2]: All traffic will flow along S-B-A-T i.e., 100% traffic will pass through B, which is not
possible.
[3]: Let toll tax at D and C be zero and at B be 3.
Then 50% of traffic will pass through B. Hence, [3].

Answers to questions 21 to 25:

A team includes exactly one among P, R and S. So, no two of them are in the team at the
same time.
S, U, W should be together.
M or Q must be in the team, but not both.
K and L has to be together.
N and U should not be in the team whose members are K and L.
Team’s size may vary.
The following are the possible combinations for the team.
M/Q, S, U, W, N
M/Q, K, L, P/R
M/Q, N, P/R

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21. Team including K can be, M, K, L, P or Q, K, L, P or Q, K, L, R or M, K, L, R.

Hence, [5].

22. Total combinations of the team including N are:

1) M, S, U, W, N 2) Q, S, U, W, N 3) M, N, P 4) M, N, R 5) Q, N, R
6) Q, N, P. Hence, [5].

23. Largest team can be one of the following:

M, S, U, W, N or Q, S, U, W, N i.e., 5 members. Hence, [4].

24. Team comprising K and L can have maximum 4 members (K, L, M/Q, P/R).
Team of 5 members will have S, U, W, M/Q, N. So, P and R cannot become the member
of the team of 5 members. Hence, [3].

25. Referring to the combinations M, N, P; M, N, R; Q, N, P and Q, N, R, we get that

M, N, P and Q can be the members of team of size 3. Hence, [1].
Alternatively,
When K is in the team, L is also in the team. Now, one of M or Q is in the team and one
of the P, R or S is in the team. Therefore, a team consisting of L is at least of size 4.

SECTION-II
26. All four statements express the author's opinion. In the first two, the author laments the loss
of childlike joy. In the third he defines what he considers joyful living. The fourth describes
the feeling one experiences by doing what one loves most. Thus, these are all judgements.
Hence, [4].

27. We can immediately identify 2 as a statement of fact. The word 'ironic' in 4 makes it a judgement.
3 is an inference as in it a conclusion is being drawn from certain data. 1 may seem like
an inference, but on closer inspection we can observe that the comment on service quality
(i.e. 'poor') and the advice (i.e. 'should be switching') are judgmental. Hence, [1].

28. Statement 1 is an inference drawn from statistical indications. 2 may seem like an inference
because of the word 'thus', but on closer inspection we can observe that the first part of
the sentence (the premise for the conclusion) itself seems judgemental. 3 is a simple statement
of fact whereas 4 expresses the author's opinion on elementary education, and hence is a judgement.
Hence, [3].

29. The word 'erroneous' in statement 1 and 'distorts' in 3 indicate that they are judgements. 2
is a factually verifiable statement. 4 is an inference about the points of contacts. Hence, [5].

30. Adjectives like 'strongest' and 'sinister' in 1 suggest that it is a judgement. 3 is an expression
of the author's opinion on 'disarmament'. 4 is a factual and statistical statement. Hence, [2].

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31. Options [1] and [2] are wrong. The phrase 'applied research' is not mentioned anywhere in
the passage. Options [4] and [5] are also wrong since no mention is made of consumer behaviour.
Hence, [3].

32. Options [1], [2] and [4] are definitely wrong and not directly related to the passage. Options
[3] and [5] are better choices but [3] is extremely negative (because of the word 'adversary')
and doesn't seem to be a result; it is somewhat already stated in the passage. Only [5] seems
to be a consequence of the strained relationships mentioned in the passage. Hence, [5].

33. The word 'professes' in the last sentence of the passage signifies a veil or mask. The best
option to use this concept is [2]: it is worded better than [1]. [3] and [4] unduly focus on
history. The word 'penchant' in [5] makes it too strong. Hence, [2].

34. As the passage talks about entrepreneurial opportunities, the best answer is [4]. Hence, [4].

35. The last sentence of the passage talks about how a bad theory is useless, so the next sentence
should talk about how good theories are useful. [1] and [5] do that. [5] is a conditional statement
and it talks about limitations which are not discussed in the passage. So, [1] is the best answer.
Hence, [1].

36. The answer here is supposed to be an apprehension expressed by Mr. Goran Lindblad that
the author indirectly admits to. Option [1] states the existence of nostalgia for communist ideology.
The author does not admit to this anywhere in the passage. Option [3] admits to brutalities
and large-scale violence. But the author never mentions 'large-scale violence' in the passage.
Option [4] has no basis in the passage and option [5] is directly contradicted in the passage.
Option [2] is corroborated in the last few sentences of the passage. Hence, [2].

37. We need to choose the option that best identifies the reason for a renewed attack against
communism. Option [1], [2], [3] and [5] are wrong and find no basis in the passage. Option
[4] is the only statement that fits the passage: refer to the last two sentences of paragraph
2. Hence, [4].

38. The main point that the author is trying to make in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 is that Nazism
is closer to colonialism than it is to communism. As the question asks for the purpose of
citing the atrocities, we need to look at the point the author is trying to make. The author
cites the atrocities to show that Nazism and colonialism committed mass genocides to establish
their superiority over other races (as that was their motive). So, the best answer is [5].
Hence, [5].

39. The answer can be found in the fourth paragraph, which states that colonialism was a system
of racist despotism. The next sentence states that colonialism and Nazism are intimately related
but Nazism and communism are not. The next sentence states that colonialists committed genocide
against other races and passed on the ideas to the Nazi party. So, [1] is the main underlying
similarity, while [2] and [3] are other similarities that stem from the main similarity.
Hence, [1].

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40. Only [4] has been proposed as a probable reason by the author (at the end of the penultimate
paragraph). All the rest are very farfetched hypothetical reasons; they have not been implied
anywhere in the passage. Hence, [4].

41. Refer to the last paragraph, especially the last two sentences. According to the author, a just
society is one in which no one is privileged over the others. This is what is stated in option
[3]. [1], [2] and [5] can be negated on the basis that they go too far in calling the said society
'hypothetical' or a 'Utopia'. [4] fails to mention the point about the principles of justice in such
a society not being based on people's existing positions. Hence, [3].

42. Refer to the first three sentences of paragraph 2. [1] is clearly the answer. Hence, [1].

43. From the passage we understand that the phrase 'veil of ignorance' denotes a situation in which
the people who derive the principles of justice in their society are completely ignorant about
their place in society or even their own individual abilities. This kind of full-scale ignorance
can be possible only in the situation described in [4]. Hence, [4].

44. Refer to the last paragraph 'Moreover assuming … were fair'. [2] and [4] are almost the same
except that [4] talks about evolution, which is not discussed in the last paragraph. Hence,
[2].

45. Option [4] captures the essence of justice as explained in the passage, as in this situation children
are provided with an equal start and equal opportunities in life. [1] and [3] are flawed as the
type of work and severity of health problems would differ in each case, so it would not be
fair to treat them in the same manner. [5] just talks of a 'fixed' amount, which is not the
same as an 'equal' amount. 'Some work' as mentioned in [2] does not ensure that the assignment
would be fair. Hence, [4].

46. Refer to the last sentence of paragraph 3. Dogmatic beliefs are the raw material for the critical
attitude. Also refer to the previous sentence - the critical attitude is 'super-imposed' upon the
dogmatic attitude. This relationship is found only in option [2]. Hence, [2].

47. Refer to the last few sentences of paragraphs 1 and 3. Dogmatic attitude is to some extent
necessary and it provides the 'raw material' for critical attitude. So it is 'critical and important'.
Hence, [1].

48. Refer to paragraph 2. The author mentions that both primitives and children have uncontrolled
urges to impose regularities and take pleasure in rites and repetition. The author also says that
an attitude of caution and criticism comes with maturity and experience. The question asks
why has the author compared primitives with children while saying that both are dogmatic.
[3] is tantamount to 'both are dogmatic', which does not answer the question. [4] is the explanation
that is most similar to the author's statements explained above. Hence, [4].

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49. Refer to the first sentence of paragraph 2 and the last two sentences of the passage. A critical
attitude is ready to modify its tenets, admits doubt and demands tests. [5] is the best answer
as it includes both these supporting arguments rather than just one, as [1] does. Hence, [5].

50. Refer to paragraph 3. The author identifies the critical attitude with the scientific attitude and
the dogmatic with the pseudo-scientific. The critical attitude is ever willing to falsify its own
beliefs whereas the dogmatic one goes out of its way to confirm its beliefs. Hence, [3].

SECTION-III
51. x = –0.5
Consider options
1
is positive
2x
1
is negative
x
1
is positive
x2
1
2x is positive and is positive
- x

1
\ has the smallest value. Hence, [2].
x

52. We make all the powers equal.

1 1 1
22 = (2 6 ) 12 = (64) 12

1 1 1
3 3 = (34 ) 12 = (81) 12
1 1 1
3
= (4 ) 12 = (64)
12
44
1 1 1
6 6 = (6 2 ) 12 = (36) 12
1 1
Comparing bases, (81) 12 = 33 is the largest. Hence, [2].

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a a b c 1 1 1
53. = × × = × 2 × =
d b c d 3 2 3
b b c d 1
= × × = 2 × × 3 = 3
e c d e 2
c c d e 1 1 3
= × × = × 3 × =
f d e f 2 4 8
abc a b c 1 3 3
= × × = × 3 × = . Hence, [1].
def d e f 3 8 8

54. Length, Breadth, Height º 3x, 2x, x

Total area of four walls = x(3x + 3x + 2x + 2x) = x × 10x = 10x2
æ xö
New (Length, Breadth, Height) º ç 6 x , x , ÷
è 2ø

x x
New (Total area of four walls) = (6x + 6x + x + x) = × 14x = 7x2
2 2

3x 2
Change in area = × 100 = 30% decrease
10 x 2
i.e., the total area of four walls of the room will decrease by 30%.
Hence, [5].

3 3
55. t3 = =
3+ 2 5
4 4
t4 = =
4 + 2 6
3 4 5 51 52 53 3´ 4 2
t3 × t4 ...× t53 = × × × ... × × × = =
5 6 7 53 54 55 54 ´ 55 495
Hence, [1].

56. Let number of rows be n.

\ Number of students in the last row = x
\ Number of students in the nth row i.e., very front row = x + (n – 1)3
( n - 1)(n )
\ nx + 3 × = 630
2
i.e., 2nx + 3n(n – 1) = 1260
Substituting options, we find that 6 rows are not possible. Hence, [4].
Alternatively,
Let the first row have C children.
Then consecutive rows have C – 3, C – 6, C – 9 ..... children respectively.
Consider options.

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1] C + C – 3 + C – 6 = 630
\ 3C – 9 = 630
\ 3C = 639
\ C = 213, which is possible.
2] C + C – 3 + C – 6 + C – 9 = 630
\ 4C – 18 = 630
\ C = 162, which is possible.
3] C + C – 3 + C – 6 + C – 9 + C – 12 = 630
\ 5C – 30 = 630
\ C = 132, which is possible.
4] C + C – 3 + C – 6 + C – 9 + C – 12 + C – 15 = 630
\ 6C – 45 = 630
675
\ C = , which is not an integer
6
\ There cannot be 6 rows.
5] C + C – 3 + C – 6 + C – 9 + C – 12 + C – 15 + C – 18 = 630
\ 7C = 693
\ C = 99, which is possible.

8 6 2 3 ´ 2 0.5 ´ 30.5
57. = = 2 3.5 × 3 –2.5 = 2 0.7 × 5 × 3 –1.25 × 2
27 33
1 1 4 2
8 × (81) 5 = 2 3 × (34 ) 5 = 23 ´ 3 5 = ( 40.5 ) 3 ´ 9 5 = 4 0.3 × 5 × 9 0.2 × 2

\ x = 5 and y = 2
Hence, [5].

58. 2x + y = 40 and x < y

\ y = 40 – 2x
For x = 1, y = 38
x = 2, y = 36
.
.
.
x = 12, y = 16
x = 13, y = 14
x = 14, y = 12, which does not satisfy the condition x < y.
\ There are 13 possible solutions. Hence, [2].

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59. 24 people do not read the issues in the three months

\ From the diagram a + b + c + d + e + f + g = 100 – 24 = 76

July August
(48)
f e d
b
a c

September
(28)

September and July = 8 = a + b

September but not August = 23 = a + g
g = 18 Þ a = 5 \ b = 3
28 = a + b + c + g = 5 + 3 + 18 + c Þ c = 2
July and August = 10 = e + b
b = 3 Þ e = 7
\ Number of surveyed people who have read exactly two consecutive issues (i.e., July-August
or August-September)
= e + c = 7 + 2
Hence, [2].

60. We have x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6 = 10m2

Where m is a natural number.
\ 4x + 12 = 10m2
Consider options
[1] 21 Þ x can be 21, 19, 17 or 15.
For x = 21, 19 and 15, 4x + 12 is not a multiple of 10 and for x = 17, m2 is not a perfect
square.
\ Continuing this with other options, with option 3,
We find that for x = 37, 4x + 12 = 160 Þ m2 = 16 and m = 4
Hence, [3].
Alternatively,
Let x be the average of the numbers.
Let numbers be x – 3, x – 1, x + 1, x + 3
\ 4x = 10m2 \ 2x = 5m2
\ 5 divides x and 2 divides x as 2 divides m2 Þ 4 divides m2
So, each number is of the form
10k ± 1 or 10k ± 2.
Now, if 21 is one of the numbers x = 20
4x
\ m2 = = 8 which is not possible.
10

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25 cannot be one of the numbers as it is not of the above form.

If 41 is one of the numbers, x = 40.
160
\ m2 = = 16 which is possible.
10
So, 41 can be one of the numbers.

61. The line given in the question passes through first and the third quadrant.
Also, |y – x| > |y + x|
Also, y – x, y + x > 0 in first quadrant and y – x, y + x < 0 in the third quadrant.
(1) In this graph, y = k (say) and x = 0
y + x = ........... k – 2, k – 1, k, k + 1 ...............
y – x = ........... k + 2, k + 1, k, k – 1 ...............
\ The graph of y – x and y + x will not pass through the intersection of the two
axes.
(2) In the first quadrant, y > x. i.e., y + x > y – x.
\ This will not be the answer.
(3) In the first quadrant the line leans towards the x-axis.
\ y + x > 0 and y – x < 0
(4) For values is second quadrant,
y + x > 0 as y > |x|
Also, y – x > y + x
For values in fourth quadrant,
y + x < 0 as y < 0 and |y| > x
y – x < 0 as y < 0 and x > 0
Also, |y – x| > |y + x|
(5) In second quadrant, y + x < 0 and y – x > 0.
\ This cannot be the answer.
Hence, [4].
Alternatively,
The line given in the question must have equation y – x = k(y + x) (as any line has equation
of the form y = kx)
Also, k > 1 as the line is sloping towards y-axis
\ (1 – k)y = (1 + k)x
æ1+ k ö
\ y = ç1- k ÷ x
è ø

1+ k 1+ k
Now, k > 1 Þ 1 – k < 0 and k + 1 > k – 1 Þ = > 1
1- k k -1
So, we can write y = tx such that t < 0 and |t| > 1.
So, the line y = tx will have negative slope and will slope towards y-axis.

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62. The first obvious arithmetic progression is:

1, 2, 3, ..... 1000
Let the arithmetic progression has n terms and d be the difference.
\ 1000 = 1 + (n – 1)d
i.e., (n – 1)d = 999
999 = 3 × 333
= 9 × 111
= 27 × 37
For each of these three combinations, there are two arithmetic progressions that can be formed.
For e.g. d = 3, n – 1 = 333, d = 333, n – 1 = 3
\ Total number of progressions with at least 3 elements = 1 + 2 × 3 = 7
Hence, [4].

Answers to questions 63 and 64:

63. A B
Q
O

C
P R

QR is the diameter of the circle as m Ð QPR = 90o .

Area of aluminium sheet punched out
= Area of semicircle + Area of D QPR
p(1) 2 1
= + × 2 × 1
2 2

p
= + 1
2
Remaining area of the sheet after punching
æp ö p p 6 - p
= (2) 2 – ç + 1÷ = 4 – – 1 = 3 – =
è 2 ø 2 2 2

æ6 - pö
ç ÷
è 2 ø 6 - p
\ The proportion of the sheet area that remains after punching = 4
=
8
Hence, [2].

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64. Area of part of circle falling outside the square sheet

= Area of circle – Area of aluminium sheet punched out.
æp ö p p - 2
= p - ç + 1÷ = – 1 = . Hence, [4].
è2 ø 2 2

2 1
65. x3 + x3 – 2 < 0
Let x = y3
\ y2 + y – 2 < 0
\ (y + 2)(y – 1) < 0
\ –2 < y < 1
\ –8 < y3 < 1
\ –8 < x < 1
Hence, [1].

66. f(x) = max(2x + 1, 3 – 4x) is minimum when

2x + 1 = 3 – 4x
Þ 6x = 2
2 1
Þ x = =
6 3
1 2 5
\ 2x + 1 = 2 × + 1 = + 1 =
3 3 3
1 4 9 - 4 5
3 – 4x = 3 – 4 × = 3 – = =
3 3 3 3

æ5 5ö 5
max(2x – 1, 3 – 4x) = max ç , ÷ =
è 3 3ø 3
Hence, [5].

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Answer for questions 67 and 68.

Let x be the free luggage allowance and Rs. y be the fixed rate per kg for excess luggage.
Let Raja carry r kgs and Praja carry p kgs \ r + p = 60
Then (r – x)y = 1200
(p – x)y = 2400,
and (60 – x)y = 5400
r - x 1
\ p - x = 2

\ 2r – 2x = p – x
\ 2r – p = x ..... (1)
p - x 2400 4
= =
60 - x 5400 9
\ 9p – 9x = 240 – 4x
\ 9p – 5x = 240 ..... (2)

From (1) and (2)

9p – 5(2r – p) = 240
\ 9p – 10r + 5p = 240
\ 14p – 10r = 240
\ 7p – 5r = 120 ..... (3)
r + p = 60
Solving simultaneously,
p = 35 and r = 25
Substituting in [1],
2(25) – 35 = x
\ x = 15 kgs.

67 – [4] 68-[2].

69. Barun starts when Arun has travelled 60 km.

60
\ Barun overtakes Arun in = 6 hrs
40 - 30
i.e., 240 km from the starting point.
240
Kiranmala takes = 4 hours to reach there and
60
240
Arun takes = = 8 hours to reach there.
30
\ Kiranmala starts 4 hours after Arun. Hence, [3].

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70. Let 10x + y be a two digit number

Then 10y + x – 10x – y = 18
\ 9y – 9x = 18
\ (y – x) = 2
Two digit numbers, other than 13, which satisfy this condition are 24, 35, 46, 57, 68 and
79.
\ There are 6 such numbers. Hence, [2].

71. D

A B
2 C

As DC ^ AB and Ð ADB = 90o ,

D ACD » D DCB
AC CD 2 6
= Þ =
CD CB 6 CB
\ CB = 18
\ AB = 20
\ Radius = 10
p(10) 2 p ´ 100
\ Area of semicircle = = = 50 p sq.cm
2 2
Hence, [2].

72. Task 2 is assigned to 3 or 4 in 2 ways.

Task 1 can be assigned to remaining 3 persons
i.e., 3 or 4, 5, 6 in 3 ways
Remaining 4 tasks can assigned to remaining 4 persons in 4! ways = 24 ways
\ Required number of ways = 2 × 3 × 24 = 144 ways. Hence, [1].

73. Note that the number of employees is less than 300.

Consider options.
1] 101 : 88
101 + 88 = 189
189 × 2 > 300 Þ Number of employees who are graduates and above = 101
and the others are 88 in number.
189 is not a prime number. \ Option [1] is eliminated.

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2] 87 : 100
87 + 100 = 187, 187 × 2 > 300
187 is not a prime number.
3] 110 : 111
110 + 111 = 221, 221 × 2 > 300
221 is not a prime number.
4] 85 : 98
85 + 98 = 183, 183 × 2 > 300
183 is not a prime number.
5] 97 : 84
97 + 84 = 181, 181 × 2 > 300
181 is a prime number.
Hence, [5].

74. logyx = a logzy = b logxz = ab

a log y b log z
log z × log x = ab × ab

log y 1
ab × log x = (ab) 2 Þ log x = ab Þ 1 = ab logy x
y

Also, logyx = ab Þ 1 = (ab) 2

Thus, for (a, b) = (2, 2)
1 ¹ (ab) 2
Hence, [5].

75. A B

D C

m Ð ABC = 90o
m Ð PBC = 60o
Þ m Ð ABP = 30o
180 - 30
\ m Ð BAP = m Ð BPA = = 75o
2
Similarly m Ð DPC = 75o
\ m Ð APD = 360o – m Ð APB – m Ð DPC – m Ð BPC
= 360o – 75o – 75o – 60o = 360o – 210o = 150o
Hence, [5].

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