Basic 1-Participate in Workplace Communication

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector : HEALTH, SOCIAL, AND OTHER COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT SERVICES
Qualification Title: HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II
Unit of Competency: PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION
Module Title: Participating in Workplace Communication
Western Leyte College of

Ormoc City, Inc.
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome to the module in Participating in Workplace

Communication. This module contains training materials and activities for
you to complete.
The unit of competency “Participating in Workplace
Communication” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for
“Receiving and Responding Workplace Communication”.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Information Sheets, Resource Sheets and Reference Materials for
further reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow
these activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each
learning outcome. Get the answer key from your instructor and check your
work honestly.
If you have questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance. Your facilitator will always be a available to assist you during the
training.
The goal of this course is the development of practice skills. To gain
these skills, you must learn basic concepts and terminology. For the most
part, you’ll get this information from the Information Sheets and TESDA
Website, www.tesda.gov.ph.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency “Receive and Respond to Workplace Communication”.
This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge
and skills in this particular competency independently and at your own
pace, with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

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Participating in Workplace Date Revised:
Communication
WLC Ormoc, Inc. Page 2
Developed by:
EMMA LISSA B. RAMIREZ
Remember to:
Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.
Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He / she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice
on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work
shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and memory and also
your confidence.
Use the Self-checks, Operation Sheets or Job Sheets at the end of

each section to test your own progress.
When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask
your Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your Progress chart and Accomplishment Chart.
You need to complete this module before you can perform the next
module Provide Room Service.

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SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Basic Competencies
Competenc Unit of Competency Module Title Code

y Number
1 Participate in Participating in 500311105
Workplace workplace
Communication communication
2 Work in Team Working in team 500311106
Environment environment
3 Practice Career Practicing Career 500311107
Professionalism Professionalism
Practice Occupational Practicing 500311108
Health and Safety occupational
4 Procedures health and safety
procedures

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UNIT OF
Participate in Workplace Communications
COMPETENCY
MODULE TITLE Participating in Workplace Communications
INTRODUCTION:
This unit covers with the knowledge, skills and attitudes in
participating in workplace communications.
NOMINAL DURATION: 4 HOURS
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Obtain and convey workplace information.
2. Speak English at a basic operational level.
3. Complete relevant work related documents.
4. Participate in workplace meeting and discussion.
Assessment Criteria:
1. Specific relevant information is accessed from appropriate sources.

2. Effective questioning, active listening and speaking skills are used to
gather and convey information.
3. Appropriate medium is used to transfer information and ideas.
4. Appropriate non-verbal communication is used.
5. Appropriate lines of communication with superiors and colleagues
are identified and followed.
6. Defined work procedures for the location and storage of information
are used.
7. Personnel interaction is carried out clearly and concisely.
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written test 3. Oral questioning

2. Performance test 4. Direct observation

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Learning Outcome OBTAIN AND CONVEY WORKPLACE
1 INFORMATION
CONTENTS:
1. The Foundation of Communication 4. Job Getting Communication

2. Language of Communication and other forms of
Correspondence
3. Modes of Communication
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Specific relevant information is accessed from appropriate

sources.
2. Effective questioning, active listening and speaking skills are
used to gather and convey information.
3. Appropriate medium is used to transfer information and ideas.
4. Appropriate non-verbal communication is used.
5. Appropriate lines of communication with superiors and
colleagues are identified and followed.
6. Defined workplace procedures for the location and storage of
information are used.
7. Personal interaction is carried out clearly and concisely.
CONDITION:
Trainees must be provided with the following:
1. References (books) 3. Telephone

2. Fax machine 4. Internet
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Written Test 4. Direct Observation

2. Performance Test
3. Oral Questioning

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Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 1: Obtain and Convey Workplace Information

Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet 1.1-1 If you have some problem on the content of
on “The Foundation of the information sheet don’t hesitate to
Communication” approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
content of the information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the module.
2. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1 Compare your answers to the answer keys on

on “The Foundation of 1.1-1 “ The Foundation of Communication”
Communication” You are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all the questions correctly.
3. Read Information Sheet 1.1-2 If you have some problem on the content of
on “ Language of Communication” the information sheet don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
on “Language of Communication” 1.1-2 “Language of Communication. ” You are
required to get all answers correct. If not,
read the information sheets again to answer
all the questions correctly.
5.Read Information Sheet 1.1-3 If you have some problem on the content of
on “ Modes of Communication” the information sheet don’t hesitate to

on “Modes of Communication” 1.1-3 “Modes of Communication. ” You are
required to get all answers correct. If not,

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7. Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 Compare your answers to the answer keys on
on “ Components of Effective 1.1-4 “Components of Effective
Communication” Communication. ” You are required to get all
answers correct. If not, read the information
sheets again to answer all the questions
correctly.

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Information Sheet No.1.1-1
The Foundation of Communications
Importance of Communication
According to Chavez et. Al (2012, p. 1) “Communication of today

demands that both sender and receiver of the message take an active part in
the process. It is a two-way process. The older the earth has grown, the
more complex it has become for people to communicate”.
Communication involves sending and receiving messages through

different channels. No matter if one speaks intimately to a friend or
addresses a huge crowd in a conference, in formal business meetings, or
writing an academic report we all direct our messages to an audience. It is
the responsibility of the sender to deliver his message effectively.
Lesson
Communication is an active process between the sender and receiver.

It is an interaction of channels involved to produce a sound. There are
principles to consider in the process of communication (Chavez et. Al, pp. 2-
4)
For students to be equipped with proper knowledge, values and skills,

a field of experience and social interaction is necessary. In the many models
of communication, the Interactive Model is also a representation of this
purpose. It presents that communication is not only a two way process but
it has a “field of experience” which includes our cultural background,
ethnicity, geographic location, extend of travel and -general personal
experiences (http://iact.com/?q=models).
Principles of Communication Activity:
1. Know your audience

- You know who you are talking or addressing your speech.
2. Know your purpose

- It important to know your purpose of discussion
3. Know your topic

- A speaker addressing a conference should be prepared as far as the
topic assigned is concerned.
4. Anticipate objections

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- You cannot expect everybody to easily agree with you on certain
matters. It is a normal thing to notice some people who would go
against you with what you are saying.
5. Present a rounded picture

- Explain every detail of information with all the possible sources.
6. Achieve credibility with your audience.

- How it is achieved? A credible speaker sticks to the truth no
matter what. He cites figures and facts from respected authorities
too.
7. Follow through on what you say.

- Be consistent with what you have started. If you are on the
positive side of the issue, move along on the same plane. Avoid
presenting the opposite which only confuses the audience.
8. Communicate a little at a time.

- Present your ideas logically. Release the key point one after the
other. It will allow listeners to digest well what you have
discussed.
9. Present information in several ways

- Develop the art of expressing information differently. Helpful
devices maybe in the form of anecdote, a poem, a short story, a
comparison and many others.
10. Develop a practical and useful way to get feedback.

- Immediate feedback is required.
Communication Techniques:
1. The Good Old Boy is referred to the experienced speaker who the
audience is familiar with. He may deliver good information but at times he
may poorly delivered it.
2. The Entertainer is the speaker who uses anecdotes or hilarious stories

in delivering messages.
3. The Academic is the speaker who keeps an eye on the precision of the
presentation. He uses an organized outline and delivers the message as
planned.

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4. The Reader is the one who reads his script word for word. The speaker
is prepared of the message but at times, it can be technical, boring and
difficult to understand.
5. The Snail is the one who drags his speech in a seemingly endless
manner. He tends to discuss each item thoroughly. He can be too detailed
of the message but he would not notice the time consumed for each
discussion anymore.
6. The Gadgeteer is the person who uses every gimmick and technique in
the presentation. Too much visual aid, the speaker may lose sight of the
message.
V. Activity
Group yourselves by three, pick one type of communication technique

and write down its advantage and disadvantage.
Advantages Disadvantages
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.

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SELF – CHECK # 1.1-1
I. Identification: Write your answers on the space provided before the number.
________________1. It is an act between the sender and the receiver of the message.
________________2. It presents that communication is not only a two way process

but it has a “field of experience” which includes our cultural background, ethnicity,
geographic location, extend of travel and -general personal experiences.
_______________3. The speaker who uses every gimmick and technique in the
presentation.
________________4. The speaker who drags his speech in a seemingly endless

manner.
________________5. The speaker who keeps an eye on the precision of his

presentation.

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Information Sheet 1.1-2:
The Functions of Communication
Lesson
Cayanan and Chan (as cited in Chavez, et. al, 2012, pp. 37-38) that
there are major functions of communication such as utilitarian, aesthetic,
and therapeutic.
a. Utilitarian. Human beings use oral communication to fulfill one’s

desires, needs and goals in life. We communicate to express our thoughts,
and feelings to others.
b. Aesthetic. Art is beauty. Aesthetic communication is manifested

through television, radio, stage presentations and the like.
c. Therapeutic. Communication is important because it maintains

good health.
According to Singh , words are used in communication to express

opinion and ideas. Even animals like cats and dogs have their system of
communication. Singh also stressed these three fundamental aspects of
spoken communication namely: stress, intonation and rhythm (as cited in
Chavez, et. al, 2012, p. 8)
Adopt/Adapt
Adopt (verb)
 legally raise another’s child: to raise a child of other biological
parents as if it were your own, in accordance with formal legal
procedures
 to take the child of other person or parents as one’s own child.
Adapt (verb)
 change to meet requirements: to change something to suit different
conditions or a different purpose
 transitive and intransitive verb adjust to something: to become, or
different conditions
Cease/Seize
Cease (verb)
 stop something: to put an end or stop to something

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Seize (verb)
 take hold of; appropriate; take control of ; arrest
 to take advantage of
Childish/ Childlike
Childish (adjective)
 somewhat like child: characteristic of or suitable for a child
 immature: regard as showing a lack of adult qualities such as
emotional restraint, seriousness, or good sense
Childlike (adjective)
 having good qualities of child: like a child, especially in having a
sweet, innocent, unspoiled quality.
 Innocent, pure, naïve, candid, uncomplicated, unsophisticated
Collaborate/Cooperate
Collaborate (verb)
 To work together, especially on work of an intellectual nature.
Cooperate (verb)
 To work jointly with others to some end; to contribute to a join effect
Emigrate/Immigrate
Emigrate (verb)
 It refers to the process by which a person leaves his place or country
of residency, to relocate elsewhere.
Immigrate (verb)
 It describes the process by which a person moves into a country for
the purpose of establishing residency.
Gender/Sex
Sex (noun)
 It refers to biological differences; chromosomes, hormonal profiles,
internal and external sex organs
Gender (noun)
 Masculine and feminine (gay, bisexual or transsexual or trangender)

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 Gender role’ refers to the characteristics and behaviors that different
cultures attribute to the sexes.
Compliment/Compelement
Compliment (noun)
 It is associated with praise, or flattery; an expression of approval; an
admiring remark
Complement ( noun)
 It is associated with enhancement
 It implies something that completes
Lose/Loose
Lose (verb)
 It means to fail to keep (either physically or in abstract sense), to
misplace, fail to make money in a business.
Loose (adjective)
 It means ‘not tight’ or ‘free from constraint’.
According to Robert, there are three interactive models of

communication that are widely acknowledged namely the Shannon,
Schramm and Berlo. Below is an illustration of the communication process,
reflecting the model concepts ( as cited in Chavez, et. al, 2012, pp. 38-43).
Shannon-Weaver Mathematics Model

http://davis.foulger.info/research/unifiedModelofCommunication.htm
Information
Source Transmitter Receiver Destination
Message Signal Received Message

Signal
Noise Source

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 Berlos’s Model of Communication
Berlos’s SMCR Model of Communication

Encodes Decodes
Source Message Channel Receiver
Communication Content Hearing

Communication Skills
Skills
Attitudes Elements Seeing Attitudes
Knowledge Treatment Touching Knowledge
Social System Structure Smelling Social System
Culture Code Tasting Culture
 Schramm’s Model of Communication
Field of Experience Field of Experience
DESTINATION
Source encoder SIGNAL decoder
Self Check 1.1-2

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From the three models of communication process, choose one model and
make a simple presentation on it presentation is good for 3 minutes.
Information Sheet 1.1-3

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Modes of Communication
Modes and Medium of Communication
1. Face-to-face
2. Video
3. Audio and text-based
4. Writing Braille
5. Speech
6. Sign Language (including finger spelling into the palm of the
deaf/blind),
7. Body movements
8. Facial expression
9. Symbols
Face-to-face Communication
- Is the most common. This includes casual conversation between
two or more people and business meetings. It requires no extra
materials, making this the cheapest option for communication.
Video Communication
- Is achieved by using web cameras to connect two or more parties.

This is the next-best communication option after face-to face .
Audio Communication
- Is a voice-only form of communication, such as a conversation on a

telephone. This is a good instant communication tool if you catch
the person instead of getting and answering machine or voice mail.
Text Communication
- Includes Internet communication, such as email, instant

messaging and forums, text messaging and printed papers. Text
communication does not have the benefits of audi and video, but it
is much easier to distribute information to a large group of people
and save records of the communication.
- It also includes in making memorandum, notices, informant
discussion and others.
Facilities/Gadgets used in communication:

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1. Cell phones
2. Tablets
3. Computer (desktop)
4. Notebook
5. Telephone
6. Fax machine
7. Laptop
Internet sites commonly used:
1. Yahoo
2. Google
3. Altavista and others
4. Mozilla Firefox
Application Sites for Social Netwroking Communication

1. Yahoo Messenger 4. Facebook 7. Wechat
2. Skype 5. Tweeter 8. Viber
3. Ovoo 6. Instagram
Philippine System of Writing
Alibata is an ancient system of writing that was used before.
Baybayin Writing

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Self Check 1.1-3

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Transcribe the following words in Baybayin writing:
1. Kamust ka na?
2. Mahal kita
3. Utak at Puso
4. Bayan ng Passi
5. Pilipinas Kung Mahal
Write an essay that from the many forms of communication, which one do
you think is useful and why?

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Terms, Memos, Notices
Information and Communications Technology Terms
E-mail - electronic mail

System unit - core of the computer system
CPU - central processing unit
Laptop - system unit is built into the body of the computer
and not as a separate unit
Monitor - like a television, has a screen to display information
Computer keyboard – is designed like the keyboard or a typewriter
Mouse - is a small handheld device that controls the pointer
of the screen
CD DRIVE - is usually located on the side of the computer.
CD-ROM - Compact Disk-read only memory
ICONS - small pictures on the desktop
Taskbar - is the blue rectangular board located at the bottom
or the window’s desktop.
Sample Memos and Notices
Memos – solve problems, it is designed to be read quickly and passed along

rapidly, oftn within a company or work group.
- Is a short of communication used within a company.

- The memo heading includes the date, sender’s name and title,
receipient’s name(s) and the subject line consisting of ten words or
less.
Part of Memo
Standard Memo –are divided into segments to organize the information and
to help achieve the writer’s purpose.
A. Heading Segment
The heading segment follows this general format:
TO: (reader’s names and job titles)

FROM: (your name and job title)
DATE: (complete and current date)
SUBJECT: (what the memo is about , highlighted in some way)

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B. OPENING SEGMENT
The purpose of a memo is usually found in the opening paragraphs

and is presented in three parts: the context and problem, the specific
assignment or task, and the purpose of the memo.
1. The context is the event, circumstance or background to the

problem you are solving.
2. In the task statement, you should describe what you are doing
to help solve the problem.
3. Finally, the purpose statement of a memo gives your reason for
writing is and forecasts what is in the rest memo.
C. Summary Segment
If your memo is longer than a page, you may want to include a
separate summary segment
Memorandum
TO: All representatives

FROM: Papelmeroti, Sales Representative
DATE: 18 November, 2003
SUBJECT: ordering recycled paper from Brown’s
All representatives should be using recycled paper now. It is available through the
usual ordering system,but must be filled out on special order forms (sample attached). Be
careful when filling in the form to complete the following information.
1. Indicate the number of pages, rather than the number of packets.

2. Discounts apply if you order one month in advance.
3. Postage and freight must be added to every order.
All representatives can choose the colors of the paper they want to use. Once you
choose your colors, please stick with your choice.

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Sample of Circular in workplace
SUBJECT OF ACTION
Recommending Approval Approval

Positions other than VSS/VSA VIS VSS/VSA
and VIS
Positions other than RTC Senior Staff for R/PTC Regional Director
Chief/PTC Head
4.2.5 An official or employee who is continuously absent for more than one (1) year or
intermittently absent for at least two hundred sixty (260) working days during a 24-month period by
reason of illness may be declared physically unfit to perform his/her duties and the head of office in
the exercise of his own judgment may consequently drop him/her from the rolls.
IV.4.2.6
Evaluation
Approval of sick leave, whether with or without pay, is mandatory provided proof of sickness
or disability is attached to the application.

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Self-Check 1.1-4
I. Identify the following:

_________________1. It refers to the dining room, helper and runner.
_________________2. It is also known as Chef de Etage.
_________________3. “To cook a food item partially and briefly.”
_________________4. A thin pancake made with egg, batter, used in sweet and savory
preparations.
_________________5. “To cook in a hot liquid with preparation.”
_________________6. A shorthand for electronic mail.
_________________7. The metal that is to be welded.
_________________8. A person who drives motor vehicle and transport passengers and loads
over a specified route and destination for a fee.
_________________9. A device for automatic regulation of temperature.
________________10. It is a short of communication used within a company.
I. Identification
1. Busboy
2. Captain Waiter
3. Blanch
4. Crepe
5. Poach
6. E-mail
7. Base Metal
8. Driver
9. Thermostat
10. Memo

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Learning Outcome SPEAK ENGLISH AT A BASIC OPERATIONAL
2 LEVEL
CONTENTS:
1. Oral Communication
2. Philippine English
3. Forms of Expression
4. British and American English Vocabulary
1. Simple conversations on familiar topics with work colleagues is participated
2. Simple verbal instruction or requests are responded to
3. Simple requests are made
4. Routine procedures are described
5. Likes, dislikes and preferences are expressed
6. Different forms of expression in English is identified
CONDITION:
TraineesMETHODS:
ASSESSMENT must be provided with the following”
1. References (books)
1. Fax
2. Written Test
machine
2. Telephone
3. Performance Test
3. Internet
4. Oral Questioning
4. Direct Observation
Information Sheet 1: Philippine English

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Learning Outcome 2: Speak English a Basic Operational Level

1. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
1.2.1 on “Philippine English” the information sheet don’t hesitate to

content of the information sheet, you can
now answer self check provided in the
module.

on “Philippine English” 1.2-1 “ Philippine English” You are required
to get all answers correct. If not, read the
information sheets again to answer all the
questions correctly.
3. Read Information Sheet 1. If you have some problem on the content of

2-2 on “ Forms of Expression the information sheet don’t hesitate to
in English” approach your facilitator.
module.

on “Forms of Expression in 1.2-2 “ Forms of Expression in English” You
English” are required to get all answers correct. If not,
Congratulations on a Job well done!!! You have now successfully completed the last
competency for this qualification and is now ready for the National Assessment. Good
luck and use what you have learned here well!!!

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Philippine English
I. Learning Outcomes
You are expected to:
1. learn some terms used in Philippine English

2. identify the British and American words
3. use some words in Philippine English in a sentence
4. work as a team
Key Concepts: Philippine English
III. Materials:
Laptop, soundbox, blackboard, chalk
References:
Rueda, R.B (2014), A Plain and Practically Lucid English Grammar ,

Second Edition, Centralbooks, Philippines
Values Statement:
Participation, Cooperation, Enthusiasm
Question:
Can you speak English fluently?
How good are you in speaking English?
English is spoken in important countries like the United Kingdom, the

United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, South Africa, and New Zealand.
It is also spoken in many other nations and territories such as Bangladesh,
Ghana, Guyana, India, Hongkong, Kenya, Jamaica, Malta, Malaysia,
Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Singapore.
All these territories using the language, inevitably, tend to have

distinctive pronunciations, grammatical features, and items of vocabulary,
and all the time, varities if the standard international language.
PHILIPPINE ENGLISH

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Academician A teacher in a college, university or
institution of higher learning
Adidas Chicken foot cooked on a barbecue
Ambush interview An unscheduled interview with a
politician, film actor, etc.
American Time A time system in which people are
always punctual in keeping
appointments, schedules, etc.
As alto A surprise party with ample food and
drink
Bedspace A room for someone to stay in a
dormitory
Berks A close friend or a companion
Betamax Chicken head cooked on a barbecue
Bladed It is used to describe someone who is
carrying a knife.
Boarding-house A private home that provides a room
but usually doesn’t provide meals to
paying guests who are usually
workers or students
Boardmate A person somebody lives with in a

boarding house
Bold star A model or an actor of sexually
explicit magazines, films, or other
materials
Boondock A very high area of land with
steepsides
Capiz A small mollusk with a hinged shell
Carless It is used to indicate that somebody
or something does not have a car
Carnap To take a car that belongs to
somebody else, illegally or without
the owner’s permission
Cocol Called a relationship of a couple
who only meet at a coffee shop
Eat-all-you-can All-you-can-eat
Five-six Borrowing or lending money with
20% interest
Flying kiss A kissing gesture near to , nut not
actually making contact with, his or
her cheek, to greet somebody
Hohol When a person enjoys hanging out

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and mingling with others
Hostess A woman who has sex with men in
exchange for money
Ice scramble Crushed or shredded ice with sugar
and food colouring
Jolog A term used for somebody who is
uneducated and stupid because
they come from or a slum.
KKB An outing to a restaurant or
theatre,where each person pays for
himself orherself
Kundiman A love song
mix-mix A form of speech involving frequent
switches between languages.
Momol/momox A relationship without any
commitment
Momowl A relationship with love
Owner jeep A vehicle with four-wheel drive , for
use of commuting public in the
Philippines
Pickpocketer A thief who steals from people’s

pockets and bags in public places,
usually unnoticed.
Querida A woman with whom a man has
usually long-term extramarital
sexual relationship, often one in
which he provides financial support
Salad A dish orf various pieces of fresh or
canned fruit or macaroni with cream
or mayonnaise.
Sando A collarless undergarment for the
upper body, usually with sleeves or
no sleeves.
Sin A roof sheet made of galvanized iron.
Smuggle A flat shoe of soft or lightweight
material, usually worn indoors.
Spaghetti A short stretchy top with straps for
women.
Step in A light open shoe that is held on by

straps across the instep or around
Take-home A meal given by a friend or someone
for eating at home.

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Tao An individual human being.
Tomboy A woman who is sexually attracted to
other women.
Topnotcher A person who attains the highest
position in an exam or election.
Tricycle A motorcycle with a side car.
University belt A part of a district or city which has
a large number of universities.
Vendor Somebody who travels from place to
place selling goods.
Viand A dish that is served during a meal
and eaten with rice.
Sentences in Philippine English
Philippine English British English

Did you have a good travel? Did you have a good journey?
Do you like a horse? Do you like horses?
Finally! Where have you been? At last, where have you been?
He availed of the opportunity. He availed himself of the
opportunity.
He’s looking forward to go home. He’s looking forward to going home.
I am a bit in hurry. I am in a bit of a hurry,
I gave to her my address I gave her my address.
I gonna tell you something. I’m gonna tell you something.
I have done a mistake. I have made a mistake.
I have to lose my weight. I have to lose (some) weight.
I think I would enjoy a city life. I think I would enjoy city life.
I’m thankful for your help I’m grateful for your help.
Let’s go and have some coffee to Let’s go and have some coffee at
Starbucks. Starbucks.
Sentences in American English
Philippine English British English

All the children were in school. All the children were in school.
Can you fill in this form? Can you fill out this form.
He just went home. He has just gone home.
We don’t need to hurry. We need not to hurry.
Particulars, keep out. Outsiders, keep out.
The kitchen looks great now that it The kitchen looks great now that it
has been done over. has been done up.
There was a large box of candies on a There was a large box of sweets on a
table nearby. table nearby.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
It looks like it’s going to rain. It looks as f it’s going to rain.
British English and American English
These two Englishes are very similar. They are a few differences of
vocabulary. It is important that you observe consistency when using them.
You need to decide whether you use British English or American English for
they cannot intermingle in your writing.
British English American English

Aerial (radio/tv) Antenna
Aeroplane Airplane
Aubergine Eggplant
Autumn Fall
Bap Bill
Biscuit Cracker
Block of flats Apartment building
Bootlace/shoelace Shoestring
Braces Suspenders
Break (school) Recess
Briefs/underpants Shorts/jockey shorts
Candy floss Cotton candy
Car park Parking lot
Chemist’s shop Druggist
Convoy Caravan
Cotton Thread
Curtains Drapes
Dessicated (coconut) Shredded
Diversion Detour
District Precinct
Dynamo Generator
Fair(fun) Carnival
Foyer Lobby
French fries Chips
Funny bone Crazy bone
Gallery Balcony
Gangway Aisle
Gaol jail
Goose pimples Goose bumps
Handbag Purse
Hoover (n) Vacuum cleaner
Ice/sorbet Sherbet

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Communication
Developed by:
Iced lolly Popsicle
Ironmonger Hardware store
Kiosk Telephone booth
Label Tag
Let Lease/rent
Mackintosh Raincoat
Mobile phone Cellular phone
Nappy Diaper
Wine merchant Liquor store
Paraffin Kersone
Parcel Package
Pavement/footpath Sidewalk
Post Mail
Postman Mailman
Queue Line
Reception Front desk
Rubbish Garbage
Saloon car Sedan
Single ticket One way
Sofa Couch
Silent letters in Philippine English
Aspirin different marriage several business evening
Medicine Temperature chocolate every omelette
usually comfortable Interesting restaurant vegetable
Self-Check 1.2-1

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Direction: Match the following
Column A Column B
_____1. A very high area of land with steep sides a. berks

_____2. A close friend or companion b. boondock
_____3. Long way c. tuck out
_____4. To untuck. d. long cut
_____5. A week after next. E. standby
_____6. Someone who has no job f. next next
week
_____7. A vehicle with four-wheel drive g. pasalubong
_____8. Something that is given to somebody when h. owner jeep
Going back from a trip somewhere.
_____9. A roof sheet made of galvanized iron. i. spaghetti
____10. A short stretchy top with straps for women j. sin
Answer Key:

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
1. b
2. a
3. d
4. c
5. f
6. e
7. h
8. g
9. j
10. i

Forms of English in English

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Communication
Developed by:
Example of Forms of Expression in English
Apologising:
Everybody makes mistakes sometimes. When it happens we

need a phrase to tell the other person how really sorry we are and stop them
getting really angry.
1. I’m (so/very/terribly) s0rry.

2. Ever so sorry.
3. How stupid/careless/ thoughtless of me.
4. Pardon (me).
5. That’s my fault.
6. Sorry. It was may fault.
7. Please excuse my (ignorance).
8. Please don’t be mad at me.
9. Please accept our (sincerest) apologies.
Asking Information:
Sometimes you want to ask English people for information.
In English ,it is not very polite to start a conversation with a direct

question. For this reason, we have a number of phrases…
Can you tell me…?

Could you tell me…?
I’d like to know?
D’you know?
Could anyone tell me?
Would you happen to know?
I wonder if you could tell me?
I wonder if someone could tell me?
Advice and Suggestions

Sometimes other people don't know what to do and they ask us for some
advice. Here are ten phrases you can use when you are making suggestions.

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Communication
Developed by:
Ten Expressions to Use In Speaking And Writing
1. I reckon you should stop now
2. Why don't you stop now?
3. How about stopping now?
4. If I were you, I'd stop now.
5. I suggest you stop now
6. You'd (really) better stop right now.
7. I would strongly advise you to stop
8. My advice would be to stop now
9. It might be a good idea to stop
10. You might try stopping
Asking for Approval
Sometimes we are not sure if it's a good idea to do something. So we need

useful expressions for asking if other people agree with an idea or intended
action. Here are ten phrases.
Ten Expressions to Use In Speaking And Writing
1. Do you think it's all right to do it?
2. What do you think about (me doing that)?
3. Do you think / reckon I ought to (do it)?
4. What would you say if I (did it)?
5. Would you approve of (doing something)?

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
6. What is your attitude to the idea of...
7. Are you in favour of (me doing something)?
8. You are in favour of ... aren't you?
9. Do you think anyone would mind if I...
10. Do you think it would be really awful if I
Idiomatic Expressions
Common Expressions and their Meanings
1. To keep one’s balance to keep calm

2. One’s flesh and blood members of one’s family
3. Once in a blue moon not often, very uncommon
4. Out of the blue as a surprise
5. Fair play honest behavior
6. To foot the bill to pay the cost
7. Free-handed generous
8. It’s a go: it is agreed
9. Take it with a grain of salt not to believe all of it
10. An old hand an experienced person
11. A cold hand daring and shameless
12. To come to heel to obey like a dog
13. To lose one’s heart to fall in love
Common Proverbs and their meanings:
1. A friend in need is a friend indeed a friend who helps

when one is in trouble is
a real friend
2. Charity begins at home a person’s first duty

is to help the
members of his
family
3. God helps those who help themselves God helps those who
make an effort
4. Jack of all trades and master of none Jack of all trades

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Communication
Developed by:
5. Good wine needs no bush good things needs no
advertisement
6. Pride goes before a fall a proud person soon

falls into disgrace
7. Rome was not built in a day great things are not

achieved easily
8. Strike while the iron is hot seize a good opportunity.
9. There’s no smoke without fire rumors don’t spread

unless There’s some
truth in them.
10. Great haste makes great waste if we are in a

great hurry we make
mistakes and we
waste a lot of time to correct
the mistakes

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Self Check 1.2-2
Choose one proverb and explain the meaning of the proverb.
In 100 words, write your philosophy in life. Write your answers in a

one whole piece of pad paper.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Learning Outcome PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE MEETING AND
3 DISCUSSION
CONTENTS:
1. Business Meeting Procedures, Protocol and System
2. Tasks and Responsibilities
1. Team meetings are attended on time.

2. Own opinions are clearly expressed and those of others are listened
to without interruption.
3. Meeting inputs are consistent with the meeting purpose and
establish protocols.
4. Workplace interaction are conducted in a courteous manner
appropriate to cultural background and authority in the enterprise
procedures.
5. Questions about simple routine workplace procedures and matters
concerning conditions of employment are asked and responded.
6. Meeting outcomes are interpreted and implemented.
CONDITION:
ASSESSMENT
TraineesMETHODS:
must be provided with the following”
1. Reference (books)
2. Written
1. Fax machine
test
3. Telephone test
2. Performance
4. Oral
3. Internet
Questioning

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Learning Outcome 3: PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE MEETING AND
DISCUSSION
1.3-1 on “Business Meeting the information sheet don’t hesitate to
Procedures, Protocol and approach your facilitator.
System” If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
on “Business Meeting 1.3-1 “ Business Meeting Procedures,
Procedures, Protocol and Protocol and System” You are required to get
System” all answers correct. If not, read the
1.3-2 on “ Task and the information sheet don’t hesitate to
Responsibilities ” approach your facilitator.
on “ Task and 1.3-2 “ Task and Responsibilities” You are
Responsibilities ” required to get all answers correct. If not,

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Business Meetings, Protocols and System
The meeting is one of the most common vehicles for discussing an

issue for expressing the collective desire of a group. The business meeting in
particular is a well organized group and it takes its form, order and conduct
from a set of governing rules, known through generations of English-
speaking organizations and societies, as parliamentary procedure.
Lesson:
Parliamentary procedure – is a standardized code of behavior

addressed to specially created situations which is characterized by a large
group of people gathered together in a business meeting in order to achieve
a specific purpose.
Objectives:
1. Protect and defend the assembly from hasty and ill-considered action;
2. To give each member an equal right to be heard
3. To determine the will of the majority
4. To protect the minority
Characteristic features:
1. It is democratic, it provides for a rule of the majority at the same time
that it protects the rights of the minority.
2. It is efficient, it provides for a complete, comprehensive and free
discussion of all matters.
3. It requires orderly disposal or settlement of each item of business.
Planning the meeting:
A meeting is an assemblage of people who gathered at a specified

place and time in order to discuss a certain matter or make a decision on a
vital issue.
The officers of an organization should communicate with one another

and announce to the members the following:
a. Place and time of meeting
b. Manner of notifying the members
c. Person to call the meeting to order
d. Person to be nominated for chairman
e. Person to explain the purpose of the meeting
f. Agenda
g. A set of resolution drafted in advance

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Communication
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Conduct the meeting
The president of the organization together with the members is

responsible for preparing the order of business for the association’s regular
business meeting.
Procedures of conduct:
1. Call to order
- This is the official beginning of meeting and the first main item in
its order of business. The assembly is allowed to wait ten to fifteen
minutes after the appointed time to see if a quorum.
The activities at this initial stage are conducted by a temporary

presiding officer:
1.Election of a chairman and a secretary.
2. reading the call for the meeting by the secretary.
3.explaining the purpose of the meeting by a member chosen by

chairman.
4. announcing of the next business in order by the chairman.
2. Reading the minutes of the previous meeting

- Correction and Approval
3. Report of the officers, standing committees or boards
-a standing committee is appointed at each annual meeting of a

society for a definite time such as a session or a year.
4. Report of special or ad hoc committees
- A special committee is appointed for a specific and defined purpose

and it exists until the duty or task assigned to it is accomplished or
until it is dismissed by a two-thirds vote.
5. Unfinished business
- This refers to questions or orders of the day which were scheduled

during the previous meeting.

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Communication
Developed by:
6. New business
- Parliamentary practice has established steps in the introduction

and disposal of motions.
a. Introducing Motions
b. Discussing Motions
c. Amending Motions
d. Voting on Motions
7. Miscellaneous matters
8. Adjournment

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Task Sheet 1.3-1
Conduct a short meeting on the upcoming Student Day of our school.

Decide what are your plans and activities.

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Communication
Developed by:
Tasks and Responsibilities
The members of the assembly, just like the presiding officer, are also
responsible for certain tasks and actions to make the business meeting a
meaningful one. If you are a member of good standing you must follow the
following:
Parliamentary practice assigns specific duties and responsibilities for the

presiding officer,
a. To call the meeting to orders at the appoint time;

b. To preside at all meetings.
c. To announce the business before the assembly in its proper order
d. To put to the assembly all questions for which a vote is required.
e. To answer parliamentary inquiries and rule on Points of Order
f. To officially declare all recesses and adjournments
Tasks and Responsibilities of Members
1. Obtain the floor and secure recognition from the presiding officer
before making a motion.
2. Take part in the debate if you have an opinion to express or if you
want to obtain an information.
3. Refrain in dealing with personalities while debating.
4. Use your knowledge of parliamentary practice to help transact
business in a constructive manner.
5. Stay at the meeting until the president or chairman declares the
meeting adjourned.
6. Use your knowledge of parliamentary practice to help transact
business in an orderly and constructive manner.
7. Stay at the meeting until the president or chairman declares the
meeting adjourned.
8. Pay your dues on time.
With regards to the holding of a position, accept an office whose

responsibilities you are willing to take. During debate, observe proper
decorum by:
a. Addressing remarks to the presiding officer or chairman

b. Saying “the gentleman who spoke first in referring to another member
c. Limiting questions
d. Avoiding personalities, never referring indirectly to the officer or
another member by name

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Communication
Developed by:
e. Not disturbing the assembly by whispering , walking around or the
like,
f. Being courteous in language and disposition.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Task Sheet 1.3-2:
Interview any official in your barangay about his/her duties and

responsibilities.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
COMPLETE RELEVANT WORK RELATED
Learning Outcome 4
DOCUMENTS
CONTENTS:
1. Business Letters
2. Technical Writing
3. Forms and Examples
1. Ranges of forms relating to conditions of employment are completed accurately

and legibly.
2. Workplace data is recorded on standard workplace forms and documents.
3. Basic mathematical processes are used for routine calculations.
4. Errors in recording information on forms, documents are identified and
rectified.
5. Reporting requirements to superior are completed according to enterprise
guidelines
CONDITION:
ASSESSMENT
TraineesMETHODS:
must be provided with the following.”
1. References (books)
1. Fax
2. Written Test
machine
2. Telephone
3. Performance Test
3. Oral questioning
4. Internet

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Learning Outcome 4: COMPLETE RELEVANT WORK RELATED
DOCUMENTS

1.4-1 on “Business Letters” the information sheet don’t hesitate to
module.
on “Business Letters” 1.4-1 “Business Letters” You are required to
get all answers correct. If not, read the
1.4-2 on “Technical Writing” the information sheet don’t hesitate to
module.
4. Answer Self-Check 1.4-2 Compare your answers to the answer keys on 1.4-2
on “Technical Writing ” “Technical Writing” You are required to get all
answers correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all the questions correctly.
5 Read Information Sheet 1.4-3 on If you have some problem on the content of the
“Forms and Examples”. information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the content
of the information sheet, you can now answer self
check provided in the module.
Compare your answers to the answer keys on 1.4-3

6. Answer Self-Check 1.4-3 “Forms and Examples” You are required to get all
on “Forms and Examples ” answers correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all the questions correctly.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Business Letters
According to Gorospe et. al (2000, p. 221) that “ a letter provides a

record of the activity, and it allows the writer to provide more context or
explanation than it usually does. It helps the audience remember, what is
to be done.”
Nem Singh and Calixihan (1994, p. 318) describe that business letters
are different from friendly letter in terms of format, language, style and
content. Friendly letters include content, and informal in style, and need
not to follow the organizational content.
Types of Business Letters
1. Routine Business letters are commonly used in daily business

transactions. It is consist of orders and replies to orders, transmittals,
remittances, acknowledgements, inquiry, requests for information and
favors, invitation, and memoranda.
2. Claim Letter is a letter of complaint from a customer, when goods and

services are unsatisfactory, or when an error has been made. The reply is
called an adjustment letter.
The outline of a direct claim is as follows:
1. State the major claim in the first sentence.

2. Explain the details supporting the claim.
3. Confidently request the action to be taken.
Example:
28 June, _____
Gentlemen:
Please send a repairman to fix the compressor of the Westinghouse

refrigerator I bought from you last 18 April. Although we followed the
directions for care in the manual, the unit has stopped working.
I shall appreciate your sending the repairman this coming Saturday

since nobody is at home on weekdays.

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Communication
Developed by:
SALES LETTER:
According to Singh and Calixihan (pp. 319-320), “sales letter is self-
explanatory. It aims to sell a product or service. It is a form of advertising.
The test of a good sales letter is if the reader buys the product or service
advertised”.
Unsolicitied sales letter has to be more convincing to arouse the

reader’s attention. It follows the acronym A-I-D:
A – attention of buyer is attractive; usually with an attention-getting opener.
I – interest of buyer is around; emphasize its central selling point.
D – desire to buy is elivited;
Solicited Sales Letters are replies to questions from prospective buyers.
Armstrong Floors, Inc.

143 Pasong Tamo
Makati, Metro Manila
Mrs. Susan Castro
Thank you for asking us about the qualities of Armstrong Floors.

When you went to the front door this morning to get your mail, did you
happen to notice your floor? Now that is it quite faded, wouldn’t color there
brighten up and smarten the whole house?
Nowadays, you can bring outdoor freshness, beauty, and cheer indoor
all year long. In your receiving room, for instance, you can have a flooring
that will reflect warmth and hospitality with a choice but subdued color and
varied designs.
Modern flooring like these can carry colorful charm into every room.
Modern floorings, fashioned of Armstrong Linoleum.
Armstrong Linoleum Floors are smarter than ever this year. Visit our
store this week, and choose the model you want. We know you’ll be
surprised at the variety of designs and fresh colors you have to choose from.
Avail of our discounted price while it lasts.
Sincerely yours,

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Armstrong Floors, Inc,.
Please send a repairman to fix the compressor of the Wrestinghouse
refrigerator I bought from you last 18
Elements of a Business Letter
1. heading 4. salutation 6. closure

2. the inside address 5. Body 7. Signature
For Example:
376 – C Lopez Jaena Street

Jaro, Iloilo City
May 10, 2003
The Inside Address:
It includes the full name and business address of the person written
just as it appears in the envelope. The name must be spelled out correctly
and courtesy demands that his name must be addressed with “Ms.,Mrs.,
Mr.,” or an appropriate title.
Example:
Mr. John C. Valdez, President Dr. Elpidio C. Mendoza

Philippine Manufacturing Company Director of Research
Valenzuela, Bulacan Pure Foods Products
Mandaluyong, Rizal
Gorospe et.al (2000) quoted that “if you must write a letter to a
company but do not know the individual to whom to address it, you may
address the company or a certain office or a department of the company.
When a writer wishes to address to a particular person, he may use

the “attention line”.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
For Example: Wakey Products, Inc.
1410 Grand Avenue
Detroit 2, Michiga
< 2 spaces>
Attention: Head, Drafting Department
Gentlemen:
Salutation: The Salutation is located below the last line of the inside
address and flush with the left-hand margin. Common greetings are “Dear
Sir”. The greeting “Sir” should be reserved for a very formal. “Dear
Mr.______________:” is also acceptable.
In addressing a company or a group of men, use “Gentlemen.” When

writing a woman or a group of women, you may use “Dear Miss_______:”
“Dear Mrs.________:”
“Dear Madam:” “Mesdames:” the only acceptable punctuation after the
salutation is a colon (:).
Body of the Letter. The body of the letter is its message. It is made up of
three parts:
1. the introduction which identifies the nature of business letter

2. the message proper
3. the closing paragraph
Complimentary Close. It is the formal way of signaling the end of a letter.

A comma is used after the complimentary close.
Examples: Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours truly (not Truly

yours)
Yours very truly, or Very Truly yours, Yours sincerely, or
Sincerely yours,
“Respectfully submitted,” is proper for letter of transmittal to
superiors,
letters of application.
Signature. Below the complimentary close, is the signature. Four to six

spaces are about right. The name of the company appears above the
Signature if you wish to emphasize the fact that you are speaking only as an
instruments of the company and not with personal responsibility.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Examples:
Yours sincerely, Yours very truly, Very truly yours,
John C. Tan John C. Tan John C. Tan,

President
Chief Technical Adviser Chief Technical Adviser Amythst Manufacturing
Research Division Co.
Application Letters
According to Singh and Calixihan ( p. 322) there are 14 principles in

guiding an application letter.
1. Don’t include all the details of your life as if your are writing an
autobiography.
2. Don’t overuse”I” , “me”, and “my”
3. Don’t be too humble or presumptions.
4. Don’t beg or ask for sympathy.
5. Don’t sound too familiar. Use formal language.
6. Don’t lecture.
7. Don’t advance any self-evaluation. Let the prospective employer be the

jungle.
8. Don’t mention any dissatisfaction with the present employer.
9. Don’t emphasize graduation unnecessarily.
10. Don’t write in vague, general terms. Use examples and evidences.
11. Don’t simply repeat data-sheet information, interpret them.
12. Don’t use trite, outworn expressions.
13. Don’t use your present employer’s stationary.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
14. Avoid statements suggesting certainty about the future.
September 8, 2017
MR. CHRISTIAN DELA CRUZ

Manager
Sogo Hotel
Metro Manila
Sir:
Greetings!
This is in response to your advertisement for a Food and Beverage

Service Attendant which appeared in yesterday’s issue of Manila Bulletin.
I am single and a resident of Quezon City, Philippines. I am a certified

TESDA graduate of Food and Beverages Services NC II. My experiences from
my previous employer are a great contribution in molding me to become a
professional individual.
Aside from being a hardworking, I am computer competent, fluent in

both oral and written English. I can work under minimum supervision and
very responsible in any tasks that will be assigned to me.
If my qualifications meet your interest, you can send an SMS or give a

call at 09086322319.
Very truly yours,
MARY JEAN BALLISA

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
LIST OF TRITE OR OUTMOTED EXPRESSIONS
“ Listed below are commonly overused expressions in business letters.

Their modern equivalent are listed opposite them (Singh and Calixihan, pp,
324-326).
1. According to our records; our records indicate (Avoid this.)

- Say directly “ Your last payment was due on (say exact date.)
2. At an early date – soon

- Say directly “Soon” is an improvement. Or give the exact date if
necessary.
3. At this time – now

- the expression means “now,” so why not say “now”? It is shorter and more
original
4. At this writing – now

- When else could it be? Say “now” if an expression is necessary.
- Say “Just as you can,” or “by next Monday morning.”
5. Attached please find; please find enclosed

These expressions are overworked. Say, “Enclosed is…” or better still,
refer to the enclosure in a sentence that also says something else, such as
“Refer to page 7 of the enclosed folder to see the basic steps of operation.
6. Claim; complaint (Avid these words)

Avoid these words because they suggest negative thoughts. No one wants
to learn that his letter asking for a legitimate adjustment has been branded
as “complaint.”
7. Legal Terms
Hereto, herewith, hereby, said, above, same, thereof, wherein, hereinafter –
all these words are overused law terms.
Pursuant to your request; referring to your request; in reference to your letter.

These expressions often appear at the beginning of letters. These
expressions often appear at the beginning of letters.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Task Sheet 1.4-1
From the advertisement below, write an application letter.
Boracay Mandarin Hotel

Is in need of the following:
5 Food Service Attendant

5 Pantry Chef
3 Automotive Technicians
3 Drivers
Qualifications:
At least 5’3 in height

Single, hardworking, patient can work with minimum supervision
Apply to:
Mr. Robert Po
Boracay Mandarin Hotel
Boracay, Malay, Aklan

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Technical Writing
Technical writing is a a type of writing used by scientists and

engineers in scientific and technical expositions. It is characterized by
formal elements as an attitude of impartiality, objectivity, accuracy, and
conciseness (Singh and Calixihan, p.1).
Lesson:
Technical writing is a method of researching and creating

information about technical processes or products. That
information can then be distributed to users as printed manuals
or online guides so they can perform tasks. Examples of technical
writing include car repair manuals, help text for database
software and FAQs for troubleshooting cameras. (Locsin, A,
http://www.ehow.com/facts_5005967_definition-technical-
writing.html)
Technical Writing is a form of technical communication. It is a style of writing
used in fields as diverse as computer hardware and software, engineering, chemistry
the aerospace industry, robotics, finance, consumer electronics, and biotechnology.
Technical writers begin by forming a clear understanding of the purpose of the

document they will create. Technical writers then typically gather information from
existing documentation and from subject matter experts. A subject matter expert (SME)
is any expert on the topic that the writer is working on. Technical writers are often not
SMEs themselves (unless they are writing about creating good technical
documentation). Workers at many levels, and in many different fields, have a role in
producing technical communications. A good technical writer needs strong language
and teaching skills and must understand the many conventions of modern technical
communications.
Advanced technical writers often move into specialized areas such as API
writing, document architecture, or information management.
Consider a technical writer writing a cake recipe:
 Audience: Is the audience composed of people in home kitchens, or

highly trained chefs in professional kitchens?
 Source: Is there existing documentation—a rough draft? Who is the
subject matter expert (SME)?

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Communication
Developed by:
 Deliverable: Is the deliverable simple text for inclusion in a book, or
formatted to final form? Is the target a paper, a web page, or
something else?
The three C's of good technical writing are:
 Clear
 Concise
 Complete
Clear, concise, and complete writing helps the reader to grasp the meaning quickly.
The technical writer determines that the recipe is written on the back of a
napkin but is partially indecipherable, so he or she must also interview a subject
matter expert (SME)—the chef who created it. On being told that the audience consists
of people in their own kitchens, the writer adjusts the writing style accordingly, and
replaces or defines terms such as "beurre mixer" or "springform pan", which may be
more suited to an audience of highly trained chefs. The chef reviews a draft of the
recipe (a technical edit) and notates corrections (bake at 350 degrees, not bake at 325
degrees).
The writer prepares a final draft, which the document owner and any other
stakeholders review and approve before it is published in one or more formats, such as
a paper, or HTML. Different versions of the document might also be published to meet
the needs of different audiences.
Communicating With The Audience
Audience analysis is a key feature of all technical writing. Technical writing is a

communication to convey a particular piece of information to a particular audience for
a particular purpose. It is often an exposition about scientific subjects and technical
subjects associated with finance, construction, medicine, agriculture, technology, and
various sciences.
Procedural technical writing translates complex technical concepts and

instructions into a series of simple steps that enable users to perform a specific task in
a specific way. To present appropriate information, writers must understand the
audience and their goals.
Persuasive technical writing attempts to sell products or change behaviors by

putting forth compelling descriptions of how a product or service can be used in one's
life. This type of writing often delves into features and benefits of the product or service,
and may use illustrations to make the benefits easier for the audience to understand.

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Technical Writing Is Presentational
Technical writing involves attractive layout for easy reading and comprehension.
Presentational strategies help readers to grasp messages quickly.
 The top-down strategy (tell them what you will say, then say it)
 Headings (like headlines in newspapers)
 Chunks (short paragraphs)
 Plain, objective style so that readers can easily grasp details.
It is also important to understand the medium typically used to view the final
product. An HTML document (web page), viewed through a browser, has presentational
possibilities that are different from those of the printed page, notably hyperlinks and
animation, which can enhance the readers' experience.
Types Of Technical Documents
Technical writers use computers and other electronic communications

equipment extensively in performing their work. They also work regularly with
publishing software and various authoring environments to prepare material directly
for the Internet. Technical writers frequently work with word processing, graphic
design, page layout, and multimedia software. The nature of technical writing is
evolving, and modern technical writers combine text, graphics, images, and sound into
their work.
Broadly speaking, technical documentation can be categorized into three types,

depending on the style of writing, the level of knowledge transferred, and the target
audience:
1. End-user assistance. These information products help a user

understand how to use a technical software or hardware product.
User manuals for computer software, hardware, household products,
medical equipment, cell phones, smartphones, and other consumer
electronics belong to this category.
2. Traditional technical documentation. Here the writer's objective is to
communicate to a specific audience. Maintenance guides, appliance or
application repair manuals, engineering specifications, research
papers, reference works, annual reports. and articles written for
technical journals (to name a few examples) belong in this category.
3. Marketing communication. Product catalogs, brochures,
advertisements, introductory pages for web sites, press releases, and
advertising copy belong in this category.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_writing)
Avoid redundancies: Avoid the wordy phrase; strive to be succinct.

Examples:

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Communication
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Word Phrase Concise
despite the fact that although even though

at this point in time at this time, now
on a weekly basis weekly
on the occasion of when
an honor and privilege an honor
(Reference: Gorospe, E.G, et.al (2000), Technical Writing, Central Philippine

University,
Jaro, Iloilo City
Self Check 1.4-2

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Communication
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Give the correct form of the verb in the parenthesis.
______________1. Everyone (be) here to observe the progress of the

transfusion of medicine to the patient.
______________2. Everything (be, past tense) in order when we left.
______________3. All of the students (have) left.
______________4. All of the rice (have) been eaten or sold.
______________5. The major cause of accidents (be) drunkenness.
______________6. Ten percent of the population (be )Muslims.
______________7. The majority of my friends (play) gold during
weekends.
______________8. A number of students (have) dropped of school.
______________9. The boy, along with his friends, (be) being counseled.
_____________10. A majority of votes (be) needed to win.
Answer Key in Self-Check 1.4-2

Issued by:
Communication
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1. Is
2. Was
3. Have
4. Has
5. Is
6. Are
7. Play
8. Have
9. Is
10. Is
1. Quiet
2. Site
3. There
4. Bathe
5. Advice
6. Affects
7. Effect
8. Adjacent
9. Capacity
10. between

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Communication
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Forms and Examples
Card Form Characteristics
A card form lets you view and edit one record in a table at a time. A card form is
used when there are too many fields and you want to view them all conveniently on
only one line. Card forms always have tabs (like index tabs), which you can select to
view different groups of fields.
Even if there are only a few fields, there is at least one General tab. The General
tab is always first.
The table's primary key field is always the first field in the General tab. Tables
that use card forms only have one field in the Primary Key.
Naming Card Forms
Card forms are named after the table with which they are associated, followed
by the word "Card". For example, the card form associated with the Customer table is
called the Customer Card. Card forms also have at least one menu button at the
bottom of the frame. This button has the same name as the table that the card is based
on and gives you access to related information.
Statistics Forms
A statistics form is a one-record form that enables you to view but not edit
information. It usually contains FlowFields, which allow you to drill down to get to
more information. Usually, a statistics form also contains calculated or derived
information contained in variables, which cannot be drilled down.
Statistics forms can also contain tabs that help organize the information.
Naming Statistics Forms
Statistics forms are named after the table with which they are associated,
followed by the word "Statistics". For example, the statistics form associated with the
Customer table is called Customer Statistics.
Entry statistics forms are a special version of the statistics form. They are
named after the table they are associated with, followed by the words "Entry Statistics".
For example, the entry statistics form associated with the Customer table is called
Customer Entry Statistics.

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Tabular Forms
A tabular form is a multi-record form that enables you to view multiple records
from a table and edit them. Each record is displayed as a single row in the tabular form
and each field is displayed as a column, creating a table within the form itself.
The primary key of the associated table is displayed in the leftmost column. If there are
multiple fields in the primary key, they are displayed in order of importance in the
columns, starting from the left.
Naming Tabular Forms
Tabular forms are named after the table with which they are associated—only in
plural. For example, the tabular form associated with the Country/Region table is
called Countries/Regions.
In the case of associated tables that have multiple fields in the primary key, the
name can be different. For example, the tabular form associated with the General
Posting Setup table is called General Posting Setup.
List Form Characteristics
A list form is a multi-record form that enables you to view multiple records from
a table at one time, but does not allow you to edit them. It has the same rows-and-
columns look as the tabular form.
The primary key fields of the associated table are displayed in the left column.
Naming List Forms
A naming list form is named after the table with which they are associated, followed by
the word "List". For example, the list form associated with the Customer table is called
Customer List.
The "Specialized" Ledger Form
A more specialized version of the list form is the Ledger Form. These are used only for
Ledger Entry tables. They differ from ordinary list forms, in that although you cannot
insert or delete records, you can edit a few of the fields. Also, the primary key is always
an integer named "Entry No." and is displayed in the rightmost column rather than the
leftmost column.
The ledger form is given the plural of the name of the associated table. For example, the
ledger form associated with the Customer Ledger Entry table is called Customer
Ledger Entries.

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Communication
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Worksheet Forms
A worksheet form is a specialized version of the tabular form. It is a multi-record

form that enables you to view multiple records from a table and edit them. The
difference is that when you insert a new record, the record does not jump to another
position within the form, but instead stays in the same order as you inserted it.
This is done by using the AutoSplitKey property of the form, combined with an
integer, as the last field in the table's primary key.
The primary key fields of the associated table are not displayed on the
worksheet form.
Naming Worksheet Forms
Worksheet forms are named to reflect the purpose of the associated table. One
example is a Journal table. In this case, the name of the worksheet form will end with
the word "Journal".
Header/Line Forms
Many forms have the characteristics of both a card form and a tabular form, for
example the Sales Invoice form.
The fields that are common to the entire invoice are located on a card-like form
with tabs, showing one invoice at a time. However, the invoice lines display in a table-
like section of the form, where multiple invoice lines (from the same invoice) can be
viewed at the same time and edited. These are called "Header/Line" forms.
Header/Line forms are two separate forms that are associated with two different
tables. The main form is a card form that is associated with one table. The main form
also contains a subform control that displays a worksheet form that is associated with
a different table, a table that is "subsidiary" to the first table. The subform control
manages the link between the two forms.
Naming Header/Line Forms
In many cases, a Header/Line form represents a document.
Setup Form Characteristics
A setup form is a one-record form that enables you to view and edit the only
record in a setup table. You are not allowed to insert or delete this record from this
form. Since there are many fields, these forms use tabs to organize the information.
Because there is only one record, the primary key is not displayed on this form.

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Naming Setup Forms
Setup forms are named after the table with which they are associated. For
example, the setup form associated with the General Ledger Setup table is called
General Ledger Setup.
Menu Forms
A menu form is a non-bound form (not related to any table) that gives you
access to many of the other forms that are related to a functional area.
The form usually consists of command buttons or menu buttons. The buttons
properties change so that they look basically like labels with small squares or triangles
in front of the caption. The buttons still behave like normal buttons. The only difference
is their appearance.
Activity 1: Fill out the Student/Trainee Profile Form

Issued by:
Communication
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Communication
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Communication
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Communication
Developed by:
Self Check 1.4-3
Identify the following:
1. A non-bound form (not related to any table) that gives you access to many
of the other forms that are related to a functional area.
2. A specialized version of the tabular form.

3.
4. A multi-record form that enables you to view multiple records from a table
and edit them.
5. A one-record form that enables you to view but not edit

information.

Issued by:
Communication
Developed by:
Answer key 1.4-3
1. Menu Form
2. Worksheet Form
3. Tabular Form
4. Statistics Form
5. Card Form

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Communication
Developed by:

Basic 1-Participate in Workplace Communication

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector : HEALTH, SOCIAL, AND OTHER COMMUNITY

Qualification Title: HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II

Unit of Competency: PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION

Module Title: Participating in Workplace Communication

Western Leyte College of

Welcome to the module in Participating in Workplace

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

Use the Self-checks, Operation Sheets or Job Sheets at the end of

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

List of Basic Competencies

Competenc Unit of Competency Module Title Code

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

NOMINAL DURATION: 4 HOURS

1. Specific relevant information is accessed from appropriate sources.

1. Written test 3. Oral questioning

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

1. The Foundation of Communication 4. Job Getting Communication

1. Specific relevant information is accessed from appropriate

Trainees must be provided with the following:

1. References (books) 3. Telephone

1. Written Test 4. Direct Observation

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

Learning Outcome 1: Obtain and Convey Workplace Information

2. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1 Compare your answers to the answer keys on

6. Answer Self-Check 1.1-3 Compare your answers to the answer keys on

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

According to Chavez et. Al (2012, p. 1) “Communication of today

Communication involves sending and receiving messages through

Communication is an active process between the sender and receiver.

For students to be equipped with proper knowledge, values and skills,

Principles of Communication Activity:

1. Know your audience

2. Know your purpose

3. Know your topic

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

5. Present a rounded picture

6. Achieve credibility with your audience.

7. Follow through on what you say.

8. Communicate a little at a time.

9. Present information in several ways

10. Develop a practical and useful way to get feedback.

2. The Entertainer is the speaker who uses anecdotes or hilarious stories

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

Group yourselves by three, pick one type of communication technique

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

________________2. It presents that communication is not only a two way process

________________4. The speaker who drags his speech in a seemingly endless

________________5. The speaker who keeps an eye on the precision of his

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

a. Utilitarian. Human beings use oral communication to fulfill one’s

b. Aesthetic. Art is beauty. Aesthetic communication is manifested

c. Therapeutic. Communication is important because it maintains

According to Singh , words are used in communication to express

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

According to Robert, there are three interactive models of

Shannon-Weaver Mathematics Model

Message Signal Received Message

HEALTH CARE SERVICES NC II Date Developed: Document No.

Berlos’s SMCR Model of Communication

Communication Content Hearing