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  • Arif Müellim

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    gozeldunyam1702
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    The document presents equations for calculating the average energy <E> of an electron in an electromagnetic field with potential U = Uc + U0 cos ωpt. The first equation shows the potential consists of a constant term Uc plus a oscillating term. The next equations show formulas for calculating the first, second, and third order terms of the average energy, with the second order term being proportional to Uc + (1/2)U0cosωpt and the third order term being proportional to Uc2 + (3/2)U0Uccosωpt.

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    The document presents equations for calculating the average energy <E> of an electron in an electromagnetic field with potential U = Uc + U0 cos ωpt. The first equation shows the potential consists of a constant term Uc plus a oscillating term. The next equations show formulas for calculating the first, second, and third order terms of the average energy, with the second order term being proportional to Uc + (1/2)U0cosωpt and the third order term being proportional to Uc2 + (3/2)U0Uccosωpt.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    4 views1 page

    Arif Müellim

    Uploaded by

    gozeldunyam1702
    The document presents equations for calculating the average energy <E> of an electron in an electromagnetic field with potential U = Uc + U0 cos ωpt. The first equation shows the potential consists of a constant term Uc plus a oscillating term. The next equations show formulas for calculating the first, second, and third order terms of the average energy, with the second order term being proportional to Uc + (1/2)U0cosωpt and the third order term being proportional to Uc2 + (3/2)U0Uccosωpt.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    U =U c + U k +U 0 cos ω p t=U c +U 0 cos ω p t , /11/

    '

    ( )
    1 1 1
    1 U0 2 2 +1 U 0 1 1 U0
    α < E> (U c +U 0 cos ω p t ) = U (1+
    2
    2
    c cos ω p t) = U c 1+
    2 Uc
    cos ω p t = 2 +
    Uc 2 √Uc
    Uc
    cos ω p t /12/

    2
    β < E > (U c + U 0 cos ω p t) /13/

    ( )
    3 3 3
    3 U0 2 2 +3 U 0
    3
    γ < E >¿ 2
    (U c +U 0 cos ω p t ) = U (1+2
    c cos ω p t) = U c 1+
    2 Uc
    cos ω p t =
    Uc
    3 3 1
    U c2 + 2 U 0 U c2 cos ω p t /14/

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