Lesson 13

Lesson Recap
 1. Reviewing the giving and Receiving

Japanese people like gifts

One thing about Japanese culture is that they're big on giving gifts. There are many
different customs involving giving and receiving gifts (お歳暮、お中元、etc.) and when
oseibo ochuugen
Japanese people go traveling, you can be sure that they're going to be picking up
souvenirs to take back as gifts. Even when attending marriages or funerals, people
are expected to give a certain amount of money as a gift to help fund the ceremony.
You can see why properly learning how to express the giving and receiving of favors
and items is a very important and useful skill. For some reason, the proper use of
「あげます」 and 「もらいます」 has always haunted people studying Japanese as
agemasu moraimasu
being horribly complex and intractable. I hope to prove in this lesson that it s
conceptually quite straightforward and simple.
 When to use あげます

あげます is the Japanese word for "to give". You must use this verb when
agemasu
someone (as the giver) is giving something (as the object) to someone (as the
receiver). The particle に is used to indicate to whom an object is delivered. Also
ni
when the subject of a sentence is the giver あげます is used.
agemasu

person(giver) は person(receiver) に Object を あげます。

wa ni o agemasu

＊
ex. スミスさんは チャンさんに はなを あげました。
sumisu san wa chan-san ni hana o agemashita
Mr. Smith gave Ms. Chan some flower.

に
＊The verb あげます conjugates to the past form as あげました.
agemasu agemashita
 When to use もらいます

もらいます is the Japanese word for "to receive". You must use this verb when
moraimasu
someone (as the receiver) is receiving something (as the object) from
someone (as the giver). The particle に is used to indicate from whom an object
ni
is delivered. Also when the subject of a sentence is the receiver もらいます is
moraimasu
used.

person(receiver) は person(giver) に Object を もらいます。

wa ni o moraimasu

＊
ex. チャンさん は スミスさんに はなを もらいました。
chan-san wa sumisu-san ni hana o moraimashita
Ms. Chan received some flower from Mr. Smith.

に
＊The verb もらいます conjugates to the past form as もらいました.
agemasu agemashita
Exercise 3
B) Ask and answer whom someone received something
from.

• Asking whom, you should use the question word

だれ(dare) = who with a particle に(ni) .

Subject(person) は だれ に Object を Verb (past) か。

wa dare ni o ka

ex. A：スミスさんは だれに えいがの きっぷを もらいましたか。

sumisu san wa dare ni eiga no kippu o
moraimashitaka
B：チャンさんに もらいました。
chan san ni moraimashita
 Exercise 3

C) Ask and answer what someone gave to another.

• Asking what, you should use the question word

なに(dare) = what with a particle を(o) .

Subject(person) は another person に なに を Verb (past) か。

wa ni nani o ka

ex. A：スミスさんは チャンさんに なにを あげましたか。

sumisu san wa chansan ni nani o agemashitaka
B：えいがの きっぷを あげました。
eiga no kippu o agemashita
Exercise 4.
You have to make up sentences or dialogues following the patterns of the examples
and based on the information in the illustration.
What you learn here in this exercise is adding a time expression as an event or an
occasion in sentences, such as Christmas, Valentine s Day, and birthdays.

• You should place a time expression right after

the subject of the sentence with a particle に(ni) .

Subject(person) は time expression に

wa ni

another person に Object を Verb (past) 。

ni o

ex. ：すずきさんは クリスマスに チャンさんに でんしじしょを

s u z u k i s a n wa kurisumasu ni c h a n s a n n i denshijisho o
あげました。
agemashitaka

：チャンさんは クリスマスに すずきさんに でんしじしょを

c h a n s a n wa kurisumasu ni s u z u k i s a n n i denshijisho o
もらいました。
moraimashitaka
 Exercise 4
D) Ask and answer when someone gave something to
another.

• Asking when, you should use the question word

いつ(itsu) = when without any particle.

Subject(person) は いつ
wa

another person に Object を Verb (past) か。

ni o ka

ex. ：すずきさんは いつ チャンさんに でんしじしょを あげましたか。

s u z u k i s a n wa itsu c h a n s a n ni d e n s h i j i s h o o agemashitaka

Please follow appropriate rules with question words nani and dare for the rest of
questions in the exercise.
 a g e masu m o r a i masu no r e n s h u u
あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（１）
たかはしさん 例（れい/rei）
ささきさん s a s a k i s a n wa t a k a h a shi s a n n i p u r e z e n t o o a g e masu
・ささきさんは たかはしさんに プレゼントを あげます。
Sasaki-san gives a present to Takahashi-san.
!
t a k a h a shi s a n w a s a s a k i s a n n i p u r e z e n t o o m o r a i masu
・たかはしさんは ささきさんに プレゼントを もらいます。
Takahashi-san receives a present from Sasaki-san.

Note : a person who gives a hand is the giver

Make あげます／もらいます sentences. The name for each picture should be the subject of the sentence.

ささきさん たかはしさん ささきさん たかはしさん たかはしさん

たかはしさん たかはしさん たかはしさん ささきさん

 a g e masu m o r a i masu no r e n s h u u
あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（2）
You have just come back from a trip. Look at the picture and tell what you will
give to the following people.
watashiwa chichi n i u i s u k ī o a g e masu
Ex. : （わたしは）ちちに ウイスキーを あげます。

r ū m u m ē t o
（ルームメート）

Ex.
 a g e masu m o r a i masu no r e n s h u u
あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（3）
m o r a i mashi t a
Look at the picture and make sentences using もらいました.

watashiwa k a n o j o n i m a f u r ā o m o r a i mashi t a
Ex. : （わたしは）かのじょに マフラーを もらいました。

（りょうしん）
ryou shin

Ex.

（ビデオカメラ）
bideo kamera
 「あげます」「もらいます」「くれます」の れんしゅう（４）
agemasu moraimasu kuremasu no renshuu
Describe who gave what to whom using あげます, もらいます, and くれます.
Ex. : きょうこさんは ビルさんに セーターを あげました。
kyoko san wa biru san ni seetaa o age mashita

Kyoko Mearii
Biru

Takeshi

Ken
Suu

Naomi Robaato
watashi