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Almagro Esteban, 2012 A. Developing Needs
Almagro Esteban, 2012 A. Developing Needs
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Developing needs
Ana Almagro
T
ourism and the main activities that it is worth carrying out an analysis of
it involves are familiar to what the students’ future jobs will involve
Esteban considers why everyone. This makes the gap and to examine the results in terms of
between the knowledge of the their methodological implications.
and how to carry out needs teacher of English for Specific Purposes
and the content of what is taught in an
analysis in the field of English for Tourism class less obvious A needs analysis
than might be the case in Business I decided that five steps were necessary
English for tourism. English, Scientific-Technical English or to perform a needs analysis. Here are
Legal English. Nevertheless, I still feel the steps and the choices that I made.
1 Specify the information you wish to listening, and speaking), and open
collect. (the tasks and the relevance of
In my case, the aim was to find out English to each task).
what the main jobs are in the field of
tourism, the most important tasks for 4 Subject the survey or interview to
each particular post, and those which scrutiny by experts.
require the use of English. It is important to do this before
carrying it out so as to find any
2 Choose the most suitable errors or ambiguities. Thus, the
investigation instruments. interview was evaluated by experts
Instruments might include such things in the field of English Studies and
as surveys or personal interviews. The Statistics. The English experts
main advantage of a personal pointed out that the formulation of
interview is that it eliminates the question focusing on the
ambiguity in responses; the main relevance of the four English skills
advantage of a survey is that it takes made it impossible to evaluate their
less time. I decided on the use of role in each task, and so the
both these instruments. I first carried necessary changes were made in
out an interview, which I intend to the final version of the interview. The
follow up later with a survey. statistics experts, however, agreed
that the analysis of the interview
3 Design the survey or interview. results would present no problems.
Important factors here include the
formulation of the questions and reply 5 Decide on the group to whom the
options, the type of questions chosen survey or interview is to be
(they could be open, closed or semi- administered.
closed) and also their objective and I decided to carry out the interview
the layout (brevity for ease of with a professional in the field of
completion, etc). I opted for a tourism*, a decision which justifies the
combination of semi-closed questions formulation of open questions. The
(seven posts were named, although professional involved saw fit to add
these could be increased), closed (the further information concerning some
four English skills of writing, reading, jobs and to modify one job title.
1 Yes □ No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5
The original proposal
2 Yes □ No □ Reading 1 2 3 4 5
First, let’s take a look at the initial draft Hotel receptionist
questions for the interview and then the 3 Yes □ No □ Listening 1 2 3 4 5
final version, which includes the 4 Yes □ No □ Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
modifications suggested by both the
English experts and the tourism 1 Yes □ No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5
professional, as well as the information
2 Yes □ No □ Reading 1 2 3 4 5
collected from the interview. Travel agent
3 Yes □ No □ Listening 1 2 3 4 5
4 Hotel and town information services Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
4 Contact with foreign tour operators Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
1 Information about the event in writing Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
Tourist information 2 Dealing with Fam trips** Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
officer
(Tourist office) 3 Writing tourist publicity Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
1 Information and visit reservations by telephone Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
2 Information and visit reservations in writing Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
Tourist guide
3 Explanations on guided visits Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interpreting for clients (in restaurants, etc) Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5
37
4 Dealing with complaints Yes No □ Writing 1 2 3 4 5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5