Resources of Grammar and Expression This relates to how accurately you speak. To achieve a B score you will need to demonstrate good grammatical control in your speech. You can improve your grammar and sentence structure by writing out dialogues for for various scenarios common to your profession and have them checked by your teacher or a native speaker friend. See functions of language for examples of how to form suitable sentences. Below are a list of common errors which you should study carefully so that you can avoid them in your own speech. © Twill now explain you what caused your condition. I will now explain what caused your condition. I will now explain to you what caused your condition. I will tell you what caused your xplanation: Explain cannot be followed Yy pronoun such as you or me. condition. © Tconcern about your drinking Iam concerned about your habit. drinking habit. (adjective) Ihave a concern about your explanation: concern needs to be used drinking habit. (noun) las either an adjective or noun * recommend she should start T recommend she start her her vaccination program as soon vaccination program as soon as as possible possible. xplanation: recommend and should lave similar meaning so these words should not be used together. ‘® Trecommend you need to lose T recommend (that) you lose weight weight. xplanation: as above recommend and eed have similar meaning [suggest you to take the medication as prescribed by your pharmacist. I suggest that you take the medication as prescribed by your pharmacist. I suggest you take the medication as prescribed by your pharmacist. I suggest taking the medication as prescribed by your explanation: The expression suggest is }ot followed infinitive forms with to pharmacist. ® [strongly advice that you brush I strongly advise that you brush Your teeth twice:s day. your teeth twice a day. (adjective) (planation: advice is a noun, advise is My advice is to brush your teeth je verb twice a day. (noun) JOIN NOW.... OUR TELEGRAM GROUP OET Speaking Practice Zone. OET Writing Practice Zone....« Let me give you some advices. |Explanation: advice is an uncountable jhoun so cannot be used in the plural form: Let me give you some advice. © Some of our staffs were on leave. xplanation: staff is an uncountable joun so cannot be used in the plural form. Some of our staff was absent. Some members of our staff were absent. [have many experience \Explanation: experience is this sense an luncountable noun so cannot be used in the plural form I have many years of experience T have a lot of experience e there is a serious reaction in few children |Explanation: experience is this sense an luncountable noun so cannot be used in the plural form «© The condition will recover itself over time. lExplanation: incorrect word There is serious reaction in The condition should resolve itself over time. Your daughter will recover over time. « We don't know what cause of this problem. Explanation: incorrect sentence structure ind word form e Your condition have worsened. Explanation: verb subject agreement is incorrect. e You should to increase your intake of fruit and vegetables [Explanation: should is a modal verb and © It will helps a lot. |Explanation: do not conjugate the verb lafter will We don't know what the cause of this problem is. (noun) We don't know what caused this problem. (verb) Your condition has worsened. You should increase your intake of fruit and vegetables \cannot be followed an infinitive form. It will help a lot * You might be painful Explanation: Incorrect sentence structure You might have pain (noun) The gum might be painful (adjective) © He is very expert. lExplanation: expert is a noun so cannot lbe modified. He is an expert in the field. He has a lot of expertise in the field.e You are getting fits for 3 times? |Explanation: Incorrect sentence structure You have had fits on 3 occasions? You have had 3 episodes of fits? © The side effects are very minimum lExplanation: minimum is a noun, ledjective form required. The side effects are very minimal (adjective) e How should I call you? |Explanation:Incorrect sentence structure How should I address you? What should I call you?TIPS on how to resolve concerns in Speaking- Part In the speakirig component of the OET exam, you are given a clinical scenario where a patient approaches you usually with a concem. The concems can be elassed generally into two classes: Concems about the ILLNESS and concemts about the TREATMENT aks non-compliance. Sisce there is a lot to cover, I will give tips on only the first class of concerns in this month's blog. 1) THE ILLNESS. Generally a lot of patient's fears/reservations/anger stems from the unknown. Some of these medical diagnosis can appear foreboding simply by the fact that it comes from the doctor or the name itself, So most of the time this can be resolved by simply explaining all the aspects of the illness in a clear and reasonable way Some aspects of the illness that you may have to explain are; -What the exact nature of the diagnosis is. How seriously it will affect their health and daily function. -What the treatments/therapy will involve- it is important to explain why the treatment is given, -What the prognosis will be. ‘Since this component of the exam wall not be assessed on the contentimedical knowledge of the exam candidate, you do not need to know every illness under the sun ta prepare for this. However, you may need to know some common ones just so you do not get nervous for stick with what to say. Common ones could be hypertension, diabetes, stroke/heart attack, quitting smoking/alcohol, ‘immunizations etc. e.g. | understand that you are worried about your hypertension, Hypertension is an elevation of your blood pressure. This means that your heart has to worker a lot harder than normal fo pump blood around your body, If it isn’t treated there is an increased chance that your heart may fail or that you may get a heart attack or stroke, Therefore, itis vital that you keep your blood pressure under control, Blood pressure is affected by many things. Firstly, how much water and salt is in your body, Ifyou have too mach salt in your diet, this can. make your blood volume greater and therefore increase your blood pressure, Secundly, the condition of your blood vessels. If your blood vessels becomes less elastic due 1 age, damage’ from smoking or too much fat deposits from a fatty diet and not enough exercise, then you will more likely not be able to regulate your blood pressure. Thirdly, different levels of hormones can be released by various triggers such as stress, drinking, obesity, diabetes etc that contribute to or worsen the hypertension, It is a lot to take m, but I hope this helps you to see why it is so important for you to make various changes in your lifestyle. Reducing your salt and fat intake in your diet, exercising, avoiding smoking and alcohol are crucial for lowering your blood pressure. If you can do this you will be able to significantly reduce the risk of the illnesses | mentionedearlier which may lead to early death. Lifelong intake of blood pressure lowering medication is preferrably a last resort so I would advise you to take these lifestyle intervention measures firstLanguage Functions Effective communication is very important in the medical interview. As a health professional, it is necessary to use language to achieve a particular purpose within a particular context. These purposes can be categorised further into language functions and language learners can improve their communicative ability by being familiar with and using the language patterns associated with the various functions. Note: The role-play scenarios used by OET have been designed to test the candidates ability within the categories below so skill in these areas will help you achieve your required score. Expressing Concern and Understanding This is obviously a very important part of the medical interview. It requires you to listen carefully to the patient then respond appropriately. know how... e I know how you must be feeling. understand... * [understand your concern understand NOW... ® understand how you are feeling. | * Tunderstand how you feel. understand why..... © understand why you have this concern. e understand why you are worried about fluoride in the water supply. However,..... e Oh, I'm very sorry to hear that, 'm sorry to hear that. but there is a solution to every problem. Yes, I can see that..... e Yes, I can see that it must be difficult for you to manage. Reassuring This is also a very important part of the medical interview. Therefore you need to be comfortable using a variety of expressions to do this. © Let me assure you, all the nurses here are experienced and highly trained. et me assure you... © Let me reassure you that if we can strictly control his sugar levels within the normal range with proper medications, Torn will live a normal life without any troubles. et me reassure you that..... As long as you follow all the advice we have given you, you will make a full recovery.Try not to worry too much. . Making Suggestions |The most important thing is. Offering Advice \What I would like you to do is. . Why not....... . Persuading Itis nothing to get alarmed about. ¢ But it is nothing to get alarmed Here are a few expressions you can use when giving suggestions. Te is important that. « Itis important that you take your suggest that..... « Tsuggest that you take a shower and go for a short walk. It will make you feel much better. lif you like, I could. e Ifyou like, I could ask a There are many way to offer advice and you can demonstrate your language skill by using some of the more complex structures i advise that... « advise that you continue taking My advice is that ..... ¢ My advice is that you continue Alright, Mrs. Small. Iry met to worry too much, If you can follow my suggestions, John will get much better soon. about, the risk of complication is very low indeed. medications regularly. nutritionist to give you some dietary guidelines. How does that sound? The most important thing (for epilepsy sufferers) is to avoid sports such as swimming, diving and rock climbing. this medication, taking this medication. What I would like you to do is reduce your alcohol consumption to no more than 2 standard drinks per day. ‘You should follow a healthy diet and avoid foods that contain a lot of fat and eat more vegetables and fruits: Why not try these healthier alternatives first? Many OET tasks require the health professional to convince the patient to do something they do not want to do. A very useful technique in these situations is to explain the consequences if the patient does not follow your advice.strongly recommend that... e I strongly recommend that you return to the clinic immediately for further treatment. Is that clear? © I strongly recommend that you have a porcelain crown because it| can endure the chewing forces and it also looks quite real. You really need to..... © Patient: How much is it for the specialist treatment? « Dentist: I think it will cost around 800 to 1200 dollars. e Patient: I don't want to see the specialist. It scares me and I can not afford it. Can I just get antibiotics or mouthwash © Dentist: I'm sorry, bu really need to see the specialist and it's the only way you can save your teeth. Without the treatment you will lose your teeth. e If you do not modify your lifestyle, the disease may progress. « If there are serious complications, you will need surgery to remove the affected bowel. Seeking Approval Checking with a patient first before asking a question helps in developing a good e Is it okay if I ask you a few questions regarding your son's health? e Would you mind if I contacted Meals on Wheels on your behalf? © First of all, I would like to ask you more questions to clarify what the problem is and how severe it is. Is that okay? Justifying These expressions allow you to emphasise your opinion are can help in ersuading a patient to follow your advice. hat is the reason why..... e We noticed that your baby is very} sleepy, not feeding well and becoming jaundiced. That’s thereason why your baby needs to stay here for treatment. « Dentist: Based on my examination you have a fissure in that tooth. I see the previous filling is loose.So I think you need| to have your tooth restored with a crown. * Patient: Hum, I'd like to have another filling or it that doesn't work I feel I can live without that tooth. e Dentist: Well, if you don't doa crown then you have to get your tooth extracted. Then there will be space and it's not easy to chew, and also, it doesn't look as good. Fer this reason | advise a crown. Moving Forward /Changing the Subject The now is quite useful as it signifies that you are moving to a new topic. In terms of the medical interview, it is a way of controlling the direction of the interview. This is very important, as a health professional you are in charge of the discharge. « Now, let's talk about your medications. Are taking them regularly? « Now, lets talk about your current health. How are you feeling today? Summarising This is a useful technique, especially if you feel the interview has not gone the full 5 minutes, or if the patient is not very communicative. [fet me go over again what we have ¢ Let me go over again what we kalked about today. have talked about today. Your colonoscopy found that you have diverticular disease. You need to improve your diet which includes taking high fibre foods, vegetables and fruit. Also make sure your bowel movements are regular and do regular exercise. 1 will see you in two weeks’ time. Take care. To summarize, you came to see me because you have fever and persistent cough. I have ordered a chest x-ray and a phlegm test. The results will be back in nextweek. I will see you in one week's time. Good bye. Handy Tip The list above is just a starting point. To improve your range of vocabulary and expression as well as grammatical accuracy, practice writing out dialogues for each of the functions described above based on the role-play tasks in your course.Starting the Interview It is very important to start the roleplay in a confident manner. Here are some standard ways to begin the conversation. If it is the first time to meet the patient you can begin with © Hello | am Kate your Nurse. How may | address you? © Hello | am Kate your Nurse. Could you tell me your name please? If you know the patient it is a good idea to begin with a familiar tone such as * Hi Jane, how can! help you today? At a clinic or health centre * Good morning Madam, I'm Kate your Nurse . What brings you here today? © Good morning Sir. I'm Kate your, Nurse today. Tell me why you've come here. Good moming John, please sit down. I'm Kate your nurse. What seems to be the problem? e Hello Steven, you're here to have your stiches removed, aren't you? © Good morning Patricia, you've brought your daughter along | see. What seems to be the problem? Ata nursing home or hospital ward Hello Maria, how are you feeling today? Hello John, you're looking better today. How do you feel? ® Good moming, Madam. I'm Jane, the nurse who'll take care of your daughter during her hospitalization.Techniques for Asking Questions Correct questioning is a key aspect of the medical interview. It has many functions and is used in all stages of the role-play. We ask questions in order to. identify the patient's main problem or cancern gather information to confirm what we have heard to encourage the patient to express themselves to check that the patient understands Therefore, a good questioning technique can help the role-play run smoothly and allow for effective communication between the health professional and the patient. Open Questions Open questions are often used at the start of the interview as they allow the patient to tell their story. Open questions often begin with wh & how question words. Always listen attentively to what the patient says in response to these questions as this will guide you on what to ask next. xercise do you jo? urt? ee long have ou had the pain? What WhereWhenWhy| How long How often | How many/How much nat kind of nere does it jow often do you |How many rush your teeth? igarettes do you moke per day? nat does your }When did the pain jow long has ur daughter low often do the bes, many hours jaughter usually tart? 1s occur? feep do you get ave for ad this rash? ach night? weakfast? nat time does When was the last How long have _ How offen do you [How many she goto bed? —_fime you visited a You been on this get headaches? children do you jentist? edication? have? hat time did the Why have you jow long have _ How often do you [How much do you accident happen? rome here today? lou had this ke this rink? ugh? edicine? Closed Questions Closed questions are useful to get specific details that you may not have got from the open questions. They are also effective in the OET exam as they encourage natural interaction between the health professional and the patient. Do/Does Is/Are I Have/Has Can/Could [Do you drink alcohol is your daughter tollet_ Have you had any ‘an you cook for every day? rained? ausea and vomiting? yourself? jo you Know what is there asthma in the Have you been taking [Can you put pressure czema is? mily? jour medication? n_your foot? Joes anyone in your pre you eating jas your condition [Could you tell when family have high blood jpormally? improved since you _lyou first noticed the essure? started taking drug x? jrash? [Does the pain wake [Are you in any painat Hasthere been any _ |Could you open your ‘OU up at night? he moment? ange in your ywels this morning? symptoms? Introducing the Question TopicOne common questioning technique which is very effective is to introduce the subject first with the phrase what about or haw about then follow with a yes/no question as in the sample dialogue below. Nurse: What brings you here today? Patient: Well nurse, 1 haven't been feeling well recently. Nurse: !'m sorry to hear that, please tell me more. Patient: | have been getting tired a lot. Nurse: | see, what about your appetite. Are you eating well? Patient; Not really, | haven't felt hungry. Nurse: What about your sleeping habits. Are you getting enough sleep? Patient: Well about 4 or 5 haurs a night Nurse: Oh, it’s reaily not enough, is it? Patient: | guess not. Nurse: How about your work. Are you under any stress at the moment? Patient: Yes, a little as it’s the end of the financial year so | am busy. Embedded Questions. You can soften your questioning technique and sound more polite by using embedded questions. Practice this form as it easy to get the word order wrong. Note, however, that embedded questions follow the word order of statements not questions. y have you come here today? ‘ould you tell me why you have come here loday? low did you injure your leg? ould you tell me how you injured your leg? pat time did the accident happen? Do you remember what time the accident vappened? nen did the pain start? in you tell me when the pain started? low long have you had the pain? ould you tell me how long you've had the pain? is it a sharp or dull pain? ould you tell me if it is a sharp or dull pain? Does the pain bother you at night? ‘an you tell me if the pain bothers you at light? ny do want a prescription for sleeping 'an you explain why you want a prescription ablets? for sleeping tablets? Encouraging Reluctant Patients Sometimes the patient may need encouragement to provide the information that you need to make a proper assessment of the patient's condition or situation. In these cases, try not to move onto the next stage too quickly. It is better to persist until you get the information that you need. A good technique in this situation is Tell me more about that please, John. Could you tell me more about that, Mary? Please tell me mare. Is there anything you'd like to tell me? Probing Questions Probing questions are sometimes. necessary to get more detailed or precise information from the patient.© What do you mean by that? © Where exactly is the pain? * You look a bit anxious. Is there anything else that is troubling you? * Can you explain exactly why you are worried? Checking Understanding It is very important to periodically check that the patient can follow your explanations and advice. * Isthat clear? How does that sound? © Do you think you can do that? Tag Questions Tag questions are used to confirm that your information is correct, and are a good indicator of confidence and and fluency with English. However, they can be tricky to use, as it easy to make errors. It’s your first visit to this clinic, isn't it? You are here to get your blood test results, aren't you? You haven't been taking your medication regularly, have you? You didn’t sleep well last night, did you? Your daughter is only 8 years old, isn’t she? It is causing you quite a bit of discomfort, isn't it? eeecece To study the grammar rules of tag questions click here:Transerij hild Hospital Admission | Father: Good morning, nurse. Father: Yes that’s right j z L Father: Yes, one brother and one sister Father: Her sister is 5 and her brother is 7 Father: Well yes, you see it’s the first time for my daughter to stay in hospital and I'm worried about how she will cope and settle in. I won't be able to stay with her all the time because I've got - f é : 5 ze 3 2 Father: ob....thank you nurse. | Father: Sure. z é g L g i a & $ 2 5 S i 5 z 8 i A é & then plays with her brother and sister. Father: Yes, she sleeps from about 2 to 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Father:About 7 o'clock. We usually read her a story before she goes to bedz i z Father: Well she a bit of a fussy eater, but she likes cereals for breakfast and usually litte sandwiches for lunch Father:well, she often eats soup, sometimes We give her rice or pasta with some chicken or fish for example Father: she doesn't like peas or brocolli Father: Oh good Father; Yes, she is, She just needs help with cutting the food up into small pieces Father: Sort of: Duritig the day time she can goes to the toilet by herself, but at night time she usually wears a nappy | Father: Yes, she does. I bought her favourite teddy bear with us and some of her picture books, Father: Yes, she would. Father: I'm just wondering, what are the hospital’s visiting hours? Father: That will be great. I'd like to stay with her if I can. Cam she have visitors early in the morning?Father-Okay Well, there is one more thing I wanted to mention. Father: You know, Elizabeth is afraid of the dark and I am just worried if she woke upat night , you know, she might feel quite scared Father: Oh good Father: Okay, thanks Nurse.Useful Vocabulary and Sentences Diagnosed with Complaints of Underwent Allergy to medicine Came in with Has been present need for other services Behalf Encouragement Delivered In an ambulance due to a sudden Recovered after treatment Taught about giving To promote self-care On discharge--Discharged to Make sure................are done Was admitted—Admittedto Dialysis has been performed She suffered with For a couple of weeks Needs a support Adjacent to Came in with complaints of Oedema has been present Difficulty for To medicines behaif regime delivered showed signs her own prone to have she is at had undergone with CLD increasedto/ skate livesat complaintsof underwent / undergone an seekany medical ever since a fall from Lives in a rental Due to a sudden Recovered after Tit Taught about giving as per and assist in hence is being prescribed with when ever neededET isa test of English language, not a test of professional knowledge The whole Speaking sub-testis the ate's performance inthe t The can pr The Speaking ures. 24 in Melbourne, Australia All ble maiked, Important: The interlocutoris trained to ensure the structure of the Speaking The interlocutor also uses detailed information on his/her b-testis consistent for each-al interlocutor DOES NOT assess the ate Rationale tant part ofa health piofessior I's role isthe abil mmunicate effectively inspeech with his /he or clients, The role ys allow the candidate to take his er profe: yon workplace situations. 7 jonal rele and demonstrate the ability to situations may include. text, for example, anxious or angry patients, patients who misunderstand their situation, tc The two role-pl with a different scenario, provide refore giving a broad view of th ay separate opportunities for the candidate to demonstrate spoken pro andidate's spoken si Role-pl asks are designed to give candidates opportunities to demonstrate their language ability, for example; to: negotiate meaning with the interlocutor w a 1 is playing the role of the patient (e.g. reassure aworried patient, clarify ical explanation, manage an up et patient, explain medical conditions /treatments and termini sible w rephrase ideas a ions in different w. 2 patient. askand an wer questions to and from the patient. patient ty es (different ages, personalities, different The candidate's performance in the two role-plays is assessed against linguistic criteria and clinical communication criteria Relationship building Understand ing and incorporating the patient's perspective Provi gst ure Information gathering Information givingNOTE: The following extracts are examples only. Assessors are carefully trained to assess candidates sustained performanee across both role-plays. be heard and ur 1 late's spi features of speechas pronunciatio impactof su the listener A strong proficiency candidate will: use natural flo fF speech, giving steess to particular wi Nm tunable to do THOSE tests in THIS clini use natural flowof speech, giving corvact stress to syllables within words sothat they are identifiable to the listener, eg., ‘I willeeCORD your results. This is an accurate R cord of your results show contralof intonation (voice falling or dsing) and stress (appropriate Force, length, emphasis or loudness) to enhance meaning and strengthen the jonhelshe is want pronounce words clearly, for example: consonants atthe end of v or syllables (eg., ‘head’, ‘weakness nants that distinguish different m ings of sienilar wor nant sounds at the beginning ds (eg. /v/ asin! vomit /b/ ‘Bill versus /pF pl), syllables within words (eg. ‘dang(er}ous’, a couplle) of days’) Clear initial consonant blend: ds (e.g, PAINKiller’ not ‘painkILLer, ‘HOSpitat not jas note! versus Js ‘nat roblem’ ‘bleeding’ word stress in ger sPltal} :0 minimise any intrusive sounds, rhythm and a t hich may be influenced by his/her mother! iow the ability to link aces lke, gether naturally, For example, there a between words inHIGHER “ I think you can find_a few friends who gofor_a_walk; Nyoucan with them. \ And if_you smoking and cut the amount of youdrink a , itwould help_your pressure level. VStart_to drink more and do some , your pressure willbe in_amonth. Y ” Prosodic features (stress, in and rhythm) are used efficiently. The speech is easily understood even though the evidence of the first language is present. Certain words are linked_tog: naturally nation Y LOWER “i Wrong Correct in injury vere sevéle influence ” Issues with not dard word level stress and incorrectly pronounced vowels inter he listener's ability to understand all information. This affects ‘intelligibility’ re “ ‘ver. she injured her spine (pronounced as ‘span’... isa very important... organ. [sp/av/n] may be several months, she can't mobilise (pronounced as ‘mobju:laiz’) herself [moub/e/laiz] are not pronounced correctly, which confuses the patient. The vowel sound in ‘spine [sp/ar/n] is not the-same as the vowel in ‘spun [spé /n], but should be pronounced as {sp/auin} The vowel sound in ‘mobilise’ {mouba lai is not the same as the vowel in bureaucr [bju:rakraet], but should be pronounc [moubalaiz)isdelivered interms of rate and flowof candidate's spec. cesses how well A strong proficiency candidate will maintain a natural speed to make iteasier for the istener toot low, not too fast) the message (not t ations orspeaking in ‘bursts of language use even speech (not broken up into fragments) ds (@-8, OK: "yes") to fill in use a smoother flow of speech, stressing syllables appropriately and linkin g words/syllables together. use pauses ap to make his/her meaning clear .g, foremphasis. to separate clearly the points he/she is making is going tosay next. tathink about what h and phrases as he/sheHIGHER fs I think you can find a few friends who: regularly go for awalk; you canstart with them...(orission), Start'to drink more water and do some exercise, your blood pressure will be betterin a month ” The flow of fast or not t he speech is good, not too 0 slow. The speechis even and hesitation is rarely eviden' There is little use of ‘fillers (eg., ‘er ‘um’, OK. e Restarting senter LOWER * That is acommon concerned from some patients...because they don't know any..den't know more. don't know many medications something like that. let * You canalso give her some... give her inhaler some steams...she can inhaler the steam... That-can make her to-bresthreasily breathe There is sc cts fluency This candidate often pauses during his/ her speech while he/she prepares what tosaynext This breaking up’ of affect the listener trying to decode it. This affects ‘Fluency ye message can How to improve Try to work on a smoother delivery r 0 many false start: reformations.This criterion assesses how well a candidate uses language, register andtone that are appropriate to thesituation and the patient A strong proficiency candidate will use suitable, professional languag Lise appropriate paraphrasing and re-wording if toexplain, in simy ‘medical conditions to a patient who may have little knowledge of these. pt their style and tone to suit the particular situa using language suitable For tall person respond appropriately to what the ‘patient’ says during the role-plays, eg., the candidate's respenses are nked with the patient's questions o age that might reflect the professionalism a health practitioner might requiré when patients, e.g,,not overly-famillator informal jtuations, eg jemonstrate that he/she has the language skils to it patients, patients who ne complicated mplaints, use appropriate phrases that are suited to common functions found in medical exchanges, eg. to ‘reassure ‘encourage’, ‘be supportive, ‘explain, et of the pati information the canHIGHER “ What do you think is easier or better for you? Where do you want to start? Do you want to start with ... your eating habit? ” ‘i and youdo not need to de some intensive fitness activities. | think it's enough if you start with walking for half an hour everyday ” This candidate uses a good strategy to convince illing patient (eg.. using questions rather than imper encourage the Patient) An appropriate tone is used to encourage the pati the ur iv mst LOWER “ effective * If. she doesn't get treatment effectivety. itmay beworsen.. get worse isnot As far as weknow, the antibiotic doesn't really helpful for viral infections, 5 The misuse of natural phrases and expressions is affecting ‘Ap propriateness'. The underlined phrase indicates considerable doubt, whereas antibiotics definitely do not work for viral ions. in an + Ifyoudon't keep eye on this disease. .you go might get blind unfortunately. But if you checking keep todo your blood sugar level and to an. your keep eye ondiet. yn At times the message is interrupted by word choice errors, This affects ‘Appropriateness’. How to improve Take care with phrases that can be easily confused . Meaning breaks down if the phrase is only partially correct