Wastewater Treatment Plant

JOHKASOU
 Dear Sir,
DAIKI AXIS
Clean water is necessary for our life, but in many developing
ENVIRONMENT (PVT)
countries, access to wastewater treatment facilities is limited,
LTD and untreated wastewater is released to rivers, lakes, and the
ocean. Contamination of the source of drinking water causes
water-borne diseases. DAIKI AXIS. has advanced technology for
treating wastewater. DAIKI AXIS’s products are called Johkasou,
which means “water purifying tank” in Japanese. Johkasou look
like conventional septic tanks that are used in many Asian
+94 112 894 423
countries, Africa, and Middle East. but their functions are
+94 765 380 380 completely different from those of a standard septic tank.
Traditionally, septic tanks have been made from concrete, a
225, GALAVILAWATHA, material that tends to break down over time and that requires a
HOMAGAMA considerable amount of maintenance. Although the company
started out using concrete – DAIKI AXIS 's headquarters are in
japan that is famous for its pottery, so it was natural that they
began with the clay-like material – the firm developed materials
that would allow them to make better products. DAIKI AXIS
now makes their tanks out of fiberglass-reinforced polymer
(FRP) and polypropylene (PP), substances that stand up
particularly well against the elements, and they need far less
maintenance in the long run, making them very cost effective.
DAIKI AXIS has been awarded an Eco-Mark certification for its
XE models.

Sincerely,
DAIKI Axis Environment (PVT) LTD
 Version 2.00 (Issued in Apr 2020)

Installation Procedures

Daiki Axis Johkasou

(Domestic Wastewater Treatment System)

BA(E) & BJ(E) Type

△! Caution Prior to installation of the Johkasou, carefully read the warnings and
cautions in this document to fully understand them.

Carefully store this document for future reference.

Contents
1. Precautions before Work ・・・・・・・・・・ 2

・・・・・・・・・・ 4
2. Standard Installation
2-1 Prior On-Site Survey ・・・・・・・・ 5
2-2 Temporary Work ・・・・・・・・ 7
2-3 Excavation ・・・・・・・・ 7
2-4 Foundation Work ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-4-1 Leveling the base with rubble stones ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-4-2 Leveling concrete casting ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-4-3 Temporary base formwork ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-4-4 Bar arrangement for base ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-4-5 Base concrete casting ・・・・・・・・ 8
2-5 Installation (of FRP Main Unit) ・・・・・・・・ 9
2-6 Filling Water ・・・・・・・・ 9
2-7 Backfill ・・・・・・・・ 10
2-8 Piping ・・・・・・・・ 10
2-9 Electrical Work ・・・・・・・・ 11
2-10 Installation of Incidental Equipment ・・・・・・・・ 11
2-11 Upper Concrete Work ・・・・・・・・ 11
2-12 Trial Operation ・・・・・・・・ 12
2-13 Cleaning after Work, Completion Inspection and Delivery ・・・・・・・・ 12
3. Special Installation ・・・・・・・・・・ 13

・・・・・・・・・・ 17
4. After-Sales Services

Appendix 1. Installation Checklist

Appendix 2. Commissioning Checklist

1
 1．Precautions before Work
● Explanation of Indication

Indicates presumable harm or damage to humans

！ 注意
Caution and property resulting from ignorance of the
indication and mishandling.

Pay particular attention to the following during the work.

！ Caution
The worker may be held responsible and liable for any accident arising from
failure to observe the following.

！ Caution …1) Prevention of fall from manhole or inspection hole and injury

(i) During the work, be sure to keep the manhole and the inspection hole closed with covers except when
they need to be open.
(ii)If the manhole and the inspection hole is found to have any crack or damage, immediately replace it.
Failure to observe this could result in a fall or injury.

！ Caution …2) Prevention of injury

Operate a crane for lifting and placing Johkasou.

Do not go beneath Johkasou.
Failure to observe this could result in an injury.

！ Caution …3) Prevention of fall

Place scaffold planks or equivalents while filling water and attaching anti-floatation fittings.
Failure to observe this could result in a fall.

！ Caution …4) Prevention of fall

Set up a protection fence around the hole dug for the burial work to keep anyone other than personnel
concerned outside of the fence.
Failure to observe this could result in a fall (and an injury).

！ Caution …5) Prevention of electric shock and ignition

(i) Be sure to ground the blower, the pump, the control panel and other electrical equipment as required.
(ii) If the blower is powered by an outlet, use a rainproof power outlet.
(iii) Ask a specialist with qualifications for electrical work to carry out the work for the blower, pump, control
panel and other electrical equipment.
Failure to observe this could result in an electric shock or ignition.

2
・ Pay attention to the following to maintain safety during the work.
Attention

Attention (i) Check the documents to be submitted to governmental offices, such as notification of STP
installation. Documents vary depending on the country where Johkasou is installed.

Attention (ii) Firmly comply with the Work Implementation Procedures, the Installation Procedures, the
Technical Standards for STP Installation and other laws and ordinances when carrying out
the installation.
Incorrect installation could result in damage to the tank that leads to the leakage of
wastewater and deterioration of discharged water.

Attention (iii) Pay attention to air blower, moisture prevention and noise at the site where the blower is
installed.
Check that the foundation is made of concrete to prevent vibrations and that it is designed
to withstand the weight and vibrations of the blower.
Make sure that the concrete foundation for the installation is not directly connected to any
building and that it is at least 12 cm above ground (GL) and 5 cm larger than the exterior
dimensions of the blower platform.

Attention (iv) Carry out the work in compliance with the Technical Standards for STP Installation.
Particularly, foundation work, backfill work and upper slab installation work, among others
must be carried out properly in accordance with the Installation Procedures.
In the event where Johkasou is installed at a parking space or a garage or near a busy
road, on soft ground or in a region with heavy snowfall or where the load of a nearby
building affects the whole system, special work is required. Carry out reinforcement work
in a way that does not affect the whole system.
Especially in the event where Johkasou is installed in a place where an indefinite number
of vehicles are parked in connection with an office or a store, pay attention to carrying out
reinforcement work for making Johkasou resistant to the presumable maximum load in
consideration of the scale of the store or other establishment and the size of the parking
space.

Attention (v) Pay attention to the following during backfill work in order not to damage Johkasou.
1) Fill water before starting the backfill work.
2) Fill sandy soil without stones for backfill purposes.
3) Do not bring the bucket or other part of the heavy machine into contact with Johkasou
or drop backfill soil from a high place during backfill work.

Attention (vi) Do not open the package of the disinfectant to be put into Johkasou until Johkasou is put
into use.
Failure to observe this notice could resulting in the generation of chlorine gas from the
disinfectant, a reaction of the gas with moisture in the air to generate hydrochloric acid,
which erodes metal.
Attention
(vii) Perform a check with the use of the Installation Checklist while proceeding with the
installation work.

Attention (viii) Advise the user to conclude a maintenance and management agreement with a STP
maintenance and inspection operator.

Attention (ix) When handing the warranty certificate to the owner, be sure to receive a letter of receipt
and to store it.

Attention (x) Contact our personnel for any questions about system installation.

3
2. Standard Installation
● Work Process Flow
1 Prior on-site survey
↓
2 Temporary Work
↓
3 Excavation
↓
4 Foundation work: leveling the base with rubble stones
↓
: Leveling concrete casting
↓
: Temporary base formwork
↓
: Bar arrangement for base
↓ Production
: Base concrete casting completed in factory

↓
5 Installation (of FRP Main Unit)
↓
6 Filling Water
↓
7 Backfill
↓
8 Piping
↓
9 Electrical Work
↓
10 Installation of Incidental Equipment
↓
11 Upper Concrete Work
↓
12 Trial Operation
↓
13 Cleaning, Completion Inspection and Delivery

4
 2-1 Prior On-Site Survey
In preparation for the work, carry out an on-site survey to check the conditions specified below for work
implementation.
(i) Installation space
(ii) Installation conditions
(iii) Necessity of special work
(iv) Exhaust pipe position
(v) Ease of maintenance work
(vi) Equipment Installation place
(vii) Existing pipe position
(gas & water)
(viii) Status of the pipeline
(ix) Status of carry-in (out)
(x) Status of the area around
the place of installation
(xi) Soil quality
(xii) Spring water conditions
(xiii) Electric power and water
Check if the space has the size required as in the installation drawings.
Refer to the work drawings. Normally, there shall be a distance of
approximately 300 mm between tanks.
Bury Johkasou underground in accordance with the conditions in Table 1.
In the event where the space above Johkasou is used for parking, where
Johkasou is installed near a busy road or where Johkasou is next to any
cliff or building, special work is needed. Refer to the section titled Cases
where Special Work is Needed.
Install an exhaust pipe if necessary because Johkasou may general foul
odors. The exhaust pipe shall be extended to the designated position with
the use of a horizontal pipe and an upright pipe shall be erected to a height
that is around three meter above the ground level to prevent any problems
with foul odors.
Install an exhaust fan if necessary. In that case, capacity of the exhaust fan
has to be below.
Check if maintenance, inspection and cleaning work can be easily
accomplished.
Install the blower and machine room in places where they will cause no
trouble relating to sound and vibrations to neighboring residences and other
buildings, which are at least 15 meters away. Especially if a roots blower is
used, take necessary measures to prevent sound and vibration.
Install the blower (and machine room) within an approximate distance of 10
meters from Johkasou if possible. Provide a power outlet and water faucet
for inspection near Johkasou.
Check if the gas pipe or water service pipe are not being laid in the ground
in the planned place of installation.
Check if there is any obstacle in the pipeline of Johkasou.
Check if there is any obstacle to carry Johkasou-related machinery and
materials to the place of installation.
Check if there is any storage space for materials and any space where
trucks and surplus soil can be temporarily placed, if crane and truck
operations can be ensured, whether Johkasou adopts natural discharge or
pumped discharge.
Check the soil quality. Refer to Table 1.
Check if there is any spring water.
Check if any sheet pile or equivalent is needed.
Check if electric power and water for work can be procured on site.
5
Table 1: Installation Conditions (Burial)

Standard value
Bearing capacity of soil 50 kN/m2
Live load 1.8 kN/m2
Ground water level Up to the ground level
Special load Must not be imposed.

6
2-2 Temporary Work
(i) Before starting the work, enclose the installation place with a
rope to confirm the space and check it against the design
drawing.
(ii) Drive wooden piles and concrete piles at places where they
do not hinder the work in preparation for centering and the
height check.
(iii) Perform a prior check on the designated ground as a benchmark.
(iv) Install a temporary fence if necessary to ensure safety.
(v) Check if Johkasou has any damage or cracks while it is carried in
and place it in a location where it will not be damaged.

Fig.1
2-3 Excavation

Ｗ２
(i) Determine the method of disposing of excavated soil
Prior to the work, determine how to dispose of the excavated soil.
(ii) Minimum excavation dimensions Ｗ１ Ｗ１
Provide the same margin for in front, behind, left and right edge of

Ｗ２
the main unit dimensions as portrayed in Fig. 2.
Normally, both W1 and W2 shall not be any smaller than 0.5
meters, respectively.
(iii) Space where excavated soil is placed Fig.2
For the purpose of preventing collapse, put excavated soil in a
place as distant to the excavation plane as possible.
(iv) Protection of natural ground
In the excavation work, ensure the specified form and dimensions.
Excessive excavation could cause damage to the natural ground to
make the foundation unstable and make Johkasou not level. Check
the excavation depth during the work.
(v) Work at a place with a spring
Provide a water-collecting sump basin for the pump as portrayed in
Fig. 3 to discharge underground water with the sump pump. Fig.3
(vi) Cases where retaining walls are needed
As portrayed in Fig. 4, the minimum excavation dimension W2 shall
be 0.5 meters or more.
For retailing walls, use sheet piles and H-shaped steel sheet piles.
Retaining walls are required in the cases described below.
- The place of excavation is next to any building or road.
- Excavation slope is not secured enough.
- Soft ground is excavated.
- There is high volume of spring water.
Fig.4

Fig.4

7
2-4 Foundation Work
2-4-1 Leveling the base with rubble stones
(i) The soil must have a bearing capacity that is equivalent or superior to the level specified as part
of the installation conditions in Table 1 (See 2-1 Prior On-Site Survey.) Drive support posts into the
ground with a bearing capacity below this specified level.
(ii) Pay attention to achieve a sufficient leveling precision when preparing the ground.
(iii) For rubble stones and crusher-run stones, use uniformly-sized hard stones. After placing them, scatter
the gap-filling sand. Then stamp them sufficiently with a rammer or other device. Generally, the base
should be completed with the thickness of 150 mm.

2-4-2 Leveling concrete casting

(i) Use concrete with the strength of 13.5 N/mm2 or more and with the slump of 180 mm or less. Finish it
evenly with the thickness of 60 mm.
(ii) Make sure that the concrete aggregate size is in principle 25 mm or less for sand and 20 mm or less
for crushed stones.
(iii) Check the precision with the use of a level.

2-4-3 Temporary base formwork

Make a temporary formwork with the specified dimensions.

2-4-4 Bar arrangement for base

(i) Implement bar arrangement in accordance with the structure diagram and the specifications.
(ii) Determine appropriate bar arrangement positions with the use of a spacer or other apparatuses in
consideration of longitudinal and lateral concrete covering depth.
(iii) Make sure that anchor installation work will be conducted in accordance with the wiring & anchor
drawings. For the places where anchors are to be installed, also refer the drawings
Make sure that the fixation anchor has 50 mm of projection of its head from the upper surface of
concrete (See Figs. 5 and 6).

2-4-5 Base concrete casting

(i) Use concrete with a strength of 21 N/mm2 or more.
(ii) Flatten the concrete surface with a wooden trowel. Finish it into a level surface (±7mm/3m).
When there are hollows, fill them up with mortar etc.
(iii) Allow a sufficient length of time for curing before removing the formwork.
(iv) Compact the concrete in the manner for filling concrete around reinforcing bars, steel frames, buried
items and others and at every corner of the formwork and achieving a high density of concrete. Carry
out compaction with the use of a concrete bar vibrator, a formwork vibrator, a tampering rod or other
tool.

8
 Ｗ
φ2170

Fig.5
Fig.6

2-5 Installation (of FRP Main Unit)

(i) Check Johkasou prior to installation.
Items to be checked
a. Model
b. Quantities and models of manhole, checker, anti-float fittings, other fittings, agent container,
blower, switchboard and other accompanying accessories
c. Whether or not the FRP main unit has any cracks or damage
(ii) Prior to placing the main unit in its regular position, remove stones, other objects and dust on the surface
of the base to prevent the FRP main unit from being damaged.
(iii) Draw straight lines for the position of the unit and the center line on the bottom plate.
(iv) In the event of moving Johkasou by crane, make sure that Johkasou is suspended in four places and that
the suspension angle is 60 degrees or less.
(v) Gently lower the main unit to match the positions of the feed pipe and the discharge pipe.
*Adjust the horizontal position. If any gap occurs between the base and the platform, insert flat FRP plates.
(vi) After placing Johkasou, wind fixing wire as portrayed in Fig. 5 and connect it via a turnbuckle to the anchor
hook implanted in the base.

2-6 Filling Water

(i) After completion of installation of the main unit, fill carefully until it reaches the specified level.
Be sure to fill the water before starting the backfill work.
(ii) Prior to the filling water, be sure to verify that the main unit is secured with the anti-float wire.
(iii) Be sure to fill the water through the water inlet in order to prevent moving beds from flowing out and
to prevent the water from exceeding the specified level indicated on the partition board.
(iv) Just after starting the operation, moving beds will float, which is normal. After the start of operation,
moving beds will no longer float.
(v) After filling the water, leave it as it is for at least 24 hours to check if there is any water leakage.

9
2-7 Backfill
(i) Before starting the backfill work, check if the water is filled throughout Johkasou. Never carry out the
backfill work if Johkasou is empty.
(ii) For the backfill work, use soil of high quality, such as mountain sand and river sand. Make sure that
it does not contain any large stones, stone chips, wood chips or equivalent.
(iii) Properly add covers to the manhole cover, the feed pipe, the discharge pipe and others to prevent
any sand or earth from entering Johkasou.
(iv) Carry out the backfill and water binding work in three steps. First, evenly carry out backfill and water
binding up to one third of the full height. Then compact the area with a rammer or a vibration plate.
Carry out the second step in the same way. During the third step, do not compact the area above
Johkasou with a rammer or other apparatus.
(v) For water binding, wait until the water goes down before adding water for the next time. Pay attention
not add water for binding beyond the level of water filling. Failure to observe this will result in the
floating of Johkasou.
(vi) During the backfill work, securely fix the connection piping to prevent damage.

2-8 Piping
Piping work
(i) The piping inside Johkasou has been produced in a factory at the best possible quality. On-site piping is
mainly for connections between tanks and piping from the blower to the main unit.
(ii) Install piping for connecting tanks via an MC Union joint or a basin. Make sure the piping has a grade of
1 in 80 to 1 in 100 and that it has no counter-gradient or leakage at the joint.
(iii) For the air piping from the blower to the main unit of Johkasou, use a polyvinyl chloride pipe (or a VP pile
according to JIS), which is unlikely to corrode. In the event of using a steel pipe for the purpose of
addressing the problem with heat from the blower, apply anti-corrosion treatment to it.
(iv) Make sure that the cover soil for the outdoor piping has a depth of at least 20 cm and that the piping is
not exposed. In the case of making it exposed for unavoidable reasons, provide a safety fence as
necessary.
(v) Support the piping with the use of columns and support plates as necessary. To prevent accidents
resulting from subsidence, carry out sufficient rolling compaction before piping.
(vi) During backfill work, perform sufficient compaction around the piping while paying attention not to cause
damage to it and backfill to the specified height.
(vii) For details about piping, follow the On-Site Piping Work Drawings.

Exhaust pipe
(i) This system may generate foul odor. Install an exhaust pipe if necessary.
(ii) Install an exhaust pipe fan if necessary.
(iii) Set the upright position of the exhaust pipe in a well-ventilated place and make the horizontal pipe as
short as possible, sloped downward towards Johkasou.
(iv) The exhaust pipe position shall be decided in consideration for the neighboring environmental conditions.

10
2-9 Electrical Work
(i) Make sure that electrical work will be carried out by qualified specialists.
(ii) Be sure to conduct grounding work.
(iii) Gas that corrodes metal is generated in Johkasou. Be sure to tightly seal the part that comes into contact
with the control panel.
(iv) Make sure that electrical work will be conducted in accordance with the electrical and wiring drawings. For
the places where float switches are to be installed, refer to page 16.

2-10 Installation of Incidental Equipment

Installing a blower
(i) Install the blower in a well-ventilated place that is, if possible, not exposed to sunlight. Avoid placing it in
any place where its operating sound will be found annoying (e.g. near a living room). Install it where
maintenance and management work can easily be done.
(ii) Be sure to have the blower grounded.
(iii) Make sure that the foundation for the blower is made of concrete and that it is at least 120 mm above the
ground in consideration of rainwater. Make sure that its finished form is larger in size by 50 mm than the
exterior dimensions of the blower platform.
(iv) Introduce vibration reduction measures to the blower and install them horizontally.
(v) Connect the air pipe that links the blower and Johkasou. In this event, be sure to use an adhesive agent
for the piping.
(vi) Implement sound isolation treatment inside the blower room and ensure forced exhaust using a fan for the
purpose of indoor exhaust.
(vii) Attach a silencing duct to each exhaust opening of the blower room, namely to the air inlet and to the air
outlet.

Installing a pump
(i) Normally use a rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe for pump piping.
(ii) Make sure the pump can be easily detached and reattached so that remedial action can be taken in the
event that the pump becomes clogged.
(iii) Set the discharge pipe in a position that is higher than the highest water level of the discharge destination.
(iv) Install float switches for the start and stop positions where the walls of Johkasou do not induce them to
malfunction.

2-11 Upper Concrete Work

(i) Make sure that the upper concrete work matches the load.
(ii) In the event of casting concrete, pay full attention to prevent the concrete from entering the gap between
the manhole cover frame and the manhole cover to avoid a situation in which the manhole cannot be
opened.
(iii) For the work procedures, refer to 2-4.

11
2-12 Trial Operation
(i) During the trial operation, use the Operation Checklist provided on a separate sheet.
(ii) The installation will be complete if it is confirmed that the individual equipment functions properly and that
the functions of the control panel operate without a problem.

2-13 Cleaning after Work, Completion Inspection and Hand Over

(i) Dispose of surplus soil and other waste emitted from the work and remove any temporary equipment.
(ii) Perform a check using Installation Checklist to verify that there are no problems.
(iii) Hand over the warranty certificate, the operation manual and others to the owner. At this time, provide
explanations about the precautions for use.

12
3. Special Installation
(1) Manhole neck extension by more than 300 mm Reinforced Checkered
concrete pit plate

(i) If the manhole neck is extended by more than 300 mm,

place a reinforced concrete pit around Johkasou to Drain pipe
facilitate maintenance and management work (See Fig. Reinforced
slab
7). Close the top of the pit with a cover made of a
checkered steel plate or the equivalent.
(ii) Make sure that water in the pit can be discharged.
(iii) If the pit height exceeds 300 mm, add a reinforced
concrete retaining wall around Johkasou in order to
Fig.7
protect it.

(2) Installation in a garage or other parking space (T-6/T-20) Reinforced concrete

(i) Construct a reinforced concrete slab.
 Reinforcing bar diameter: D13 or D16 Column
 Intervals: 200 mm (in a double bar arrangement for both
longitudinal and lateral bars)
 Slab thickness: 200 mm and 250 mm
(ii) Erect columns with the diameter of 250 mm and 300 mm each to Base concrete

support the load and to prevent Johkasou from being directly subject
to it (See Fig. 8).
In the event of installing Johkasou where large vehicles pass by, construct Fig.8
a retaining wall to prevent the wheel pressure and load from being applied
to Johkasou. Replace the manhole with a pressure-resistant one.

(3) Installation in a place subject to a heavy load

(i) Installing Johkasou under a cliff
In the event of installing Johkasou under a cliff, Johkasou will receive soil pressure that is several times
higher than in the case where it is installed in a flat area. Construct a reinforced concrete retaining wall
equivalent to the soil pressure beside the cliff’s surface with high soil pressure (See Figs. 9 and 10).

13
 concrete wall

Fig.10

Fig.9

(ii) Installing Johkasou near a busy road

In the event of installing Johkasou near a busy road, take measures similar to those described in (i).
In this event, pay attention to install Johkasou in a place that is as far from the road as possible, where
road traffic is not affected (See Fig. 11).
車Car
Ｇ.Ｌ

車の交通に
Separate to the position
影響のない
Where the traffic of the car
does not have the influence
位置まで離す

Fig.11

(iii) Installing Johkasou in a place with surrounding structure

In the event of installing Slab
Johkasou in a manner in
which it comes into contact
with the foundation of a
residential building or with a
large building, install it
outside of the line drawn at
45 degrees from the outside
of the foundation of the
building (See Fig. 12).
Do not install in this range
Fig.12

14
(4) In the case where Johkasou cannot be installed away from the foundation of a building
Install a reinforced concrete retaining wall.
Determine the reinforced concrete’s thickness, reinforcing bar’s diameter and intervals in accordance with the
soil pressure that applies to the retaining wall (See Fig. 13).

Foundation
of building

Reinforced
concrete wall

Fig.13
(5) Installing Johkasou in a cold region
(i) Thermal insulation
If there is a risk of freezing inside Johkasou, install it at a depth that ensures that the water surface is below
the freezing line in the region.
When installing at a depth, use the same method as in the case of extending the manhole neck by more
than 300 mm.
(ii) Installing Johkasou in a region with heavy snowfall
Provide a roof enclosure or the equivalent above Johkasou to prevent the snow load from directly applying
to Johkasou, although the conditions may vary slightly depending on the region. If the base is raised in any
region where snowfalls are not so heavy, install it in consideration of the soil pressure arising from the
raised height and the snow load (See Fig. 14).

Fig. 14
(6) In the case in which pumping is needed
If the drainage channel to which the water is discharged is high, pumping is required. Choose a pump with
a diameter of at least 40 mm. Check the water level in the drainage channel to secure a lifting height with a
sufficient margin.
Be sure to install two discharge pumps and configure them to automatically operate alternately and to
simultaneously operate when the water is at a high level (See Fig. 15).
15
 Drainage
Channel

Inlet pipe

Submersible pump
Float switch
Discharge diameter≧40mm

Sand pit

Fig.15

(7) Installation positions of float switches

The diagram below is a rough guide to the cord length setting and the operating range of a float switch.

Diagram of installation positions of float switches (as a rough guide)

Alarm
Double pump
operation

Single pump operation

Set the LWL and the HWL at the positions specified in the diagram. Set the LWL at the position where the
independently operating float is powered off, the LWL at the position where the simultaneously operating
float is powered on, and the AWL at the position where it will become active at the level that is 10 cm above
that of the HWL.

16
4. After-Sales Services
● Warranty Period and Coverage
１） After-sales services
Should any abnormality occur while Johkasou is in use, contact our sales office.

２） Warranty
The warranty period is three years from the date of shipment for the main unit and one year from the
same date for the drive unit and internal components. We will repair problems as mentioned in the
warranty certificate. For details, please refer to the warranty certificate. Enter your name, the dealer
and the date of installation and store it carefully in a safe place.
For any repair after the expiration of the warranty period, please feel free to contact us.
The warranty guarantees that we will offer free repair to Johkasou that has a problem during the
warranty period under the normal conditions of use in accordance with the precautions in the operation
manual. However, it is meant to guarantee the functions of Johkasou and not its performance

Items covered by the warranty

① Main unit: the outer shell of the unit and the partition board (including moving beds)
The warranty does not apply if Johkasou is not used as a STP.
② Drive unit (including the blower, the pumps, the control unit and other equipment) and internal
components
* The warranty does not apply to any scratches, rust or others generated during the use on the exterior.
The warranty is intended to guarantee the function, or the load withstanding strength, of the cover.
* The warranty does not cover expendable components, such as belts, chemical agents, packings,
grease, diaphragms, valves, disinfectants and batteries.

３） Component retention period

Components of Johkasou will be retained for at least five years. Note that we may be unable to supply
components and that the whole unit may have to be replaced after five years.
For details, contact your maintenance and management service operator.

４） If you have any other queries, please contact us.

17
MEMO

18
 Daiki Axis Johkasou (BA/BAE/BJ/BJE/AI/AIJ)
Process Description

Issued on March, 2018

 1 Process Description 1/6

Flow chart Description

(1) Sedimentation and separation chamber collects domestic waste

water. It also has function to separate solid wastes from liquid waste
based on their gravity.

DOMESTIC WASTE WATER (2) Waste water then flows into anaerobic media contact chamber from
sedimentation and separation chamber. It contains organic material
which is decomposed by anaerobic microorganism.
On the other hand, nitrite and nitrate contained in the circulated water
(1) SEDIMENTATION &
are converted into N2 gas by denitrification microorganisms.
SEPARATION CHAMBER
Anaerobic reaction shown as follow :
Organic Material ------------> CH4 + NH3 + smaller materials + H2O
NO2 + NO3 ------------> N2 + H2O
(2) ANAEROBIC CONTACT
Anaerobic Microorganism
MEDIA CHAMBER

(3) Anaerobic process treatment water flows into moving bed chamber.
CIRCULATION
B

Organic material contained waste water is decomposed by aerobic

(3) MOVING BED CHAMBER microorganism, and becomes simpler product. In this case the organic
(AEROBIC ) waste material is used for development of new cells (protoplasm) and
converted to other materials such as carbon dioxide, water, and
ammonia.

(4) SEDIMENTATION Aerobic reaction shown as follow :

CHAMBER
CHONS + O2 + nutrient------> CO2 + H2O + NH3 + Microbial cell
NH3 + O2 + nitrate cells ----> NO2 NO3 + H2O + Cells nitrate increase

Results of aerobic biological processes will also produce sludge which is

(5) DISINFECTANT CHAMBER
suspended from treated water.

(4) Sedimentation chamber has function as place of settled sludge

which is resulted by biological processes in moving bed chamber.
TREATED WATER Settled sludge will be transferred to sedimentation and separation
chamber.
Concurrently NO2 and NO3 are transferred to its chamber.
Note : Without sedimentation chamber sludge will flow out resulting
turbid water detected as Total suspended solid and COD.

(5) Disinfectant chamber serves as a place to put chlorine / disinfectant

as a sterilization agent pathogenic microorganisms in the waste
processed before discharged into the environment.

Issued on March, 2018

 2 Sedimentation and Separation Chamber 2/6

Equipment : Separation Box

Illustration
Separation Box

Inflow Outflow

Sedimentation
Separation

Function Separating solid waste and liquid waste based on their gravity. Solid waste which has bigger
density than water will be settled in the bottom of sedimentation chamber. On the other hand,
lower density materials float and stay here.

Components
Inlet / Influent
Pipe

Circulation Pipe

Sedimentation Chamber Separation Box

Note: Image as viewed from top of tank.
1. Separation Box
- To separate solid waste and water.
- To collect large object in wastewater.

Issued on March, 2018

 3 Anaerobic Contact Media Chamber 3/6

Equipment : Anaerobic Media and Transfer Baffle

Illustration
Transfer Baffle

Inflow Outflow

Anaerobic Media

Function (1) Anaerobic media inside of anaerobic contact media chamber is the place where
microorganism is growing up to decompose organic material contained in domestic wastewater
resulting more simple organic content.
(2) To store excess sludge at the bottom and scum at surface of the water.
(3) Small SS is caught and stored by anaerobic media to reduce a load of moving bed chamber.
(4) Almost of NO2 and NO3 are reduced to N2 gas by denitrification microorganisms which
settled in anaerobic media.

Components

Anaerobic Media
1. Anaerobic Media
- The Place where anaerobic microorganism is growing up.
- Anaerobic media catches SS and stores it inside.

2. Transfer Baffle
- As waste water channnel
- Desludging channel of anaerobic chamber

Issued on March, 2018

 4 Moving Bed Chamber 4/6

Equipment : Moving bed Media, Diffuser, Media Screen/Trap

Illustration
Moving Bed Media B Aeration Blower

Inflow Outflow

Media Screen Pipe

Diffuser & Diffuser support

Function Moving bed chamber consist of contact media called " Moving Bed Media", and aerobic
microorganism is growing up inside of it. Moving bed chamber filled by moving bed media with
30 - 50% of the volume. Aerobic microorganism will decompose organic material from anaerobic
chamber.
This aerobic microorganism consumption oxygen supplied by blower distributed through pipe
line and diffuser located in the bottom of moving bed chamber. By generating oxygen in this
chamber, moving bed media circulate in this chamber. Organic material is contacted to
microorganism inside of moving bed media due to this circulation. In this process, organic
material decomposition process will occur, and majority of the BOD, COD and other parameters
are removed.
NH3 is oxidated to NO2 and NO3.

Components
1. Moving Bed Media
The Place where aerobic microorganism is growing up.

2. Diffuser
- Air diffuser is a device that is designed to provide uniform air flow throughout a room.
- It works to increase the efficiency of air conditioning

3. Media Screen/Trap
To prevent the media from transffering to the next chamber.

4. Blower
It provides air to the moving bed chamber.
It works for 24 hr.

Issued on March, 2018

 5 Sedimentation Chamber 5/6

Equipment : Measuring Box, Circulation Process

Illustration
B Aeration

Inflow Outflow

Measuring Box

Circulation Pipe

Function Sedimentation chamber is the place to settle sludge generated by aeration process, and treated
water flowed into disinfection chamber. Sludge accumulated in the bottom will be transferred to
sedimentation and separation chamber, which is called circulation because besides returning
sludge into the sedimentation separation chamber, it also helps the denitrification process.

Components
1. Measuring Box
- Circulation flow control
*Circulated water quantity is controlled by adjustment of air quantity for air lift pump,
and it can be checked at V-notch weir.

Measuring
Box

Air Valve for Air lift pump

※ View of Sedimentation
Chamber
Circulation Pipe V notch

Issued on March, 2018

 6 Disinfection Chamber 6/6

Equipment : Disinfection Device

Illustration
B Aeration

Influent Effluent

Device

Function Microoranisms consisting in the treated water are disinfected by chlorine in the device before
discharged into the environment.

Components

Disinfection tank

Disinfection stage
V notch

※ View of Disinfection device

Chlorine tube

1. Disinfection Device
Disinfection device consists of V notch, disinfection stage and disinfection tank
(1) Treated water comes into the disinfection stage over a V notch.
(2) Chlorine tablet which is in the chlorine tube is dissolved with the treated water.
(3) The treated water containing dissolved chlorine drops into the disinfection tank.
(4) In the disinfection tank, microorganisms are disinfected by chlorine.

Issued on March, 2018

 REV. 2.00 (Issued: Apr 2020)

Maintenance and Inspection Procedures

Daiki Axis Johkasou

(Domestic Wastewater Treatment System)

BA(E) & BJ(E) Type

Project Name
Johkasou Type

Handover Date

This is that certify that the above product was handed over to the owner and this Maintenance and
Inspection Procedures was explained by Daiki Axis or official dealer. Please note that the Johkasou will not
exhibit its intended performance without prior maintenance and inspection, and the warranty guarantees
under the normal conditions of use in accordance with the precautions in this procedures.

Daiki Axis / Dealer Owner

△! Caution Prior to installation of the Johkasou, carefully read the warnings and
cautions in this document to fully understand them.

Carefully store this document for future reference.

Contents

1. Safety Precautions ・・・・・・・・・・ 2

2. System Management ・・・・・・・・・・ 4

3. Composition and Function ・・・・・・・・・・ 6

4. Maintenance and Inspection ・・・・・・・・・・ 7

4-1 Main inspection items ・・・・・・・・ 7

4-2 Pre-Use Inspection and Check and Adjustment ・・・・・・・・ 9

4-3 Key Points of Maintenance and Inspection ・・・・・・・・ 10

4-4 Checking and Adjusting Individual Units ・・・・・・・・ 11

4-5 Inspection and Maintenance Work ・・・・・・・・ 12

4-6 Action in the Event of Abnormality ・・・・・・・・ 19

5. Sludge Removal ・・・・・・・・・・ 20

5-1 Rough Guide to Timing of Sludge Removal ・・・・・・・・ 20

5-2 Steps for Sludge Removal ・・・・・・・・ 20

6. After-Sales Services ・・・・・・・・・・ 23

6-1 Period and Scope of Warranty ・・・・・・・・ 23

Appendix 1. Maintenance and Inspection Checklist

Appendix 2. Water Sampling Method

1
1. Safety Precautions
・ Prior to working, carefully read these safety precautions to perform the appropriate
maintenance and inspection. After reading, carefully store this document.

・ Explanation of Indication

△
! Warning
Indicates presumable human death or serious injury resulting
from ignorance of the indication and mishandling.

！ Warning
The maintenance and inspection personnel may be held responsible and liable for any accident
arising from failure to observe the following.

！ Warning
… 1) Prevention of ignition, explosion and hazardous gas accidents
(i) The disinfectant is a strong oxidant.
Disinfectants are divided into two types: chlorinated organic and chlorinated inorganic.
Do not put these two types of disinfectants into the agent container together.

(ii) In the event of handling the disinfectant, be sure to wear rubber gloves, a dust mask, protection goggles and
other protective equipment for protecting your eyes, nose and skin

(iii) For disposal of the disinfectant, contact your dealer.

Do not put it into any trash bin or at a dump site because it has a risk of generating heat and flammability.
Note: Detailed precautions for handling of disinfectants are stated on the package of the product. Be sure to read them
Failure to observe these could result in ignition, explosion or generation of hazardous gas, which may cause injuries.

！ Warning … 2) Prevention of oxygen shortage during work

Before entering Johkasou, be sure to measure the oxygen concentration and the hydrogen sulfide
concentration to verify safety. While working in Johkasou, be sure to implement forced ventilation.
Failure to observe this could result in a fatal accident.

！ Warning
… 3) Prevention of electric shock, ignition and entanglement
(i) Keep anything at least 50 cm away from the blower or the control panel.

(ii) Do not put anything on the power cord.

Failure to observe this could result in an electric shock or ignition.

(iii) After inspection of the blower, be sure to reattach the cover that was detached.
Failure to observe this could result in entanglement.

！ Warning
… 4) Prevention of fall from manhole and inspection hole and injury
(i) After finishing the work, be sure to close the manhole and the inspection hole with their respective covers.
If they have a lock mechanism, be sure to lock them.

(ii) If any crack, damage or other abnormality is found on the manhole cover or the inspection hole cover,
immediately replace it.
Failure to observe these could result in a fall or an injury.

2
During inspection, pay attention to the following for the purpose of maintaining Johkasou functions

Attention
Attention (i) Carry out the following to prevent ignition and fire at a power outlet.
Check if the power plug is free from dust and securely insert it into the base of the blades in a
way that prevents it from rattling.
Attachment of dust and incomplete connection could result in an electric shock or fire.

Attention (ii) After finishing the work, do the following.

1) Be sure to close the manhole and the inspection hole with their respective covers.
2) Turn on Johkasou.
3) Keep anything at least 50 cm away from the blower and the control panel.

Attention (iii) If the frame and the cover of the manhole and the inspection hole are made of casting or steel,
remove the rust and apply a coating on a regular basis.

Attention (iv) Carry out maintenance and inspection in firm compliance with the Technical Standards for
Maintenance and Inspection, the Technical Standards for Cleaning and other laws and
ordinances as well as with the manufacturer’s Maintenance and Inspection Procedures.

Attention (v) Do not open the package of the disinfectant until Johkasou is put into use.
Failure to observe this notice could result in the generation of chlorine gas from the
disinfectant, a reaction of the gas with moisture in the air to generate hydrochloric
acid, which erodes metal.

3
2. System Management
1) Manager’s obligations
Implement maintenance and inspection in accordance with the laws in the region.
Johkasou will not exhibit its intended performance without prior maintenance and inspection.
If the manager is unable to conduct maintenance, inspection and cleaning alone, ask a maintenance
and inspection specialist to do so.

2) Obligations of maintenance and inspection operator

a) If those authorized to be commissioned to conduct maintenance and inspection are determined in
the region, it is necessary to make a contract with them who have such qualification.
b) Make sure that Johkasou will be maintained and inspected properly in accordance with the
Maintenance and Inspection Procedures.

3) Timing and frequency of maintenance and inspection

Conduct the first maintenance and inspection just before Johkasou is put into use. After that, carry
them out at least once during each period specified in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1
Item Frequency
Maintenance and inspection At least once a month

Notes:
○ Depending on the region, it may be stipulated that the maintenance and inspection must be
conducted more frequently than specified in the table above for the stability of the treatment function.
○ The inspection of operations of the drive unit and the pump unit and filling of disinfectant shall be
conducted when it is necessary irrespective of Table 1-1.

4) Obligations of sludge removal operator

a) If those authorized to be commissioned to conduct sludge removal are determined in the region,
those who have such qualification must conduct the removal.
b) Properly carry out sludge removal from Johkasou in accordance with the Maintenance and Inspection
Procedures and appropriately dispose of the removed sludge as waste in accordance with local laws.

4
 5) Frequency of Sludge Removal
Carry out cleaning at a frequency equivalent to or higher than that specified in Table 1-2.
Table 1-2
Item Frequency
Once every half a year or more
Sludge
Sludge Removal shall be conducted as necessary depending on the maintenance
removal
and inspection results and the state of sludge recipients in the region.
* The sludge removal work removes a large amount of sludge at a time. Prior to installation of the product,
coordinate particularly with the sludge recipients.

6) Storage of records for maintenance, inspection and sludge removal

The manager of Johkasou shall create and store records on maintenance and inspection and sludge
removal. If the region has any law that stipulates the storage period, store the records in accordance with
the law. Even it is not stipulated by the law, it is recommended that the records be stored because they
are important in verifying that proper maintenance and inspection have been implemented to maintain
Johkasou functions.

7) Statutory Inspection
If the region has a law that requires Johkasou to undergo water quality inspection, make sure that the
inspection is done in accordance with the law.

5
3. Composition and Function
Treatment Capacity: Discharge BOD of 20 mg or less per liter

Fig. 1: Composition and Description of Functions

Airlift

Fig. 2: Treatment Process Flow

6
 4. Maintenance and Inspection
4-1 Main inspection items
Table 1 shows the apparatuses and equipment necessary for inspection.
Table 2 shows the main inspection items.

Table 1: Apparatuses and equipment necessary for inspection

Apparatus or equipment Location where it is needed Purpose

- Removal of scum
Ladle ・Each chambers
- Check on properties of sludge

・Sedimentation chamber
Siphon Pump - Sampling of treated water
・Disinfection chamber

・Inlet and outlet pipe

・Separation box
- Cleaning the inside of pipes and tubes, the
Brush ・Moving bed chamber
flow port, the overflow port, the Airlift, etc.
・Sedimentation chamber
・Airlift

Measuring cup
・Moving bed chamber - Check on moving bed quantity
(two liters)

Transparency meter ・Treated water - Measurement of transparency level

- Measurement of dissolved oxygen

DO & pH meter
・Moving bed chamber - Measurement of pH
(Temperature)
- Measurement of temperature

Residual chlorine analyzer ・Effluent water - Measurement of residual chlorine

Ammonia measurement kit ・Sedimentation chamber

- Measurement of ammonia nitrogen
(for BJ Type) (Treated water)

・Separation & Sedimentation chamber,

Sludge level checker ・Anaerobic chamber, - Measurement of deposited sludge
・Sedimentation chamber
Tools ・Blower - Repair and maintenance of blower
Maintenance and
inspection Report

7
 Table 2: Main inspection items and frequency
Check item Descriptions Frequency

・ Check on tight sealing of cover for inspection measure

Influent pipe line ・ Check on water stagnation, water leakage, At each inspection
sedimentation or attachment of foreign matter

・ Check on water stagnation, water leakage,

Effluent pipe line At each inspection
sedimentation or attachment of foreign matter

・ Check on floating or attachment of foreign matter

At each inspection
Sedimentation and ・ Check on any abnormal rise in water level
separation chamber
・ Remove the sludge according to the state of sludge sedimentation Once every six months

・ Check on sedimentation or attachment of foreign matter

・ Check on any abnormal rise in water level
Separation box At each inspection
・ Check on state of generation of scum
・ Check on state of generation of settled sludge

・ Check on sedimentation or attachment of foreign matter

・ Check on any abnormal rise in water level
・ Check on state of generation of scum At each inspection
Anaerobic contact ・ Check on state of generation of settled sludge
media chamber ・ Check on occlusion of anaerobic media

・ Remove the sludge according to the state of sludge sedimentation Once every six months

・ Check on any abnormal rise in water level

・ Check on state of aeration and agitation
・ Check on state of foaming
Moving bed chamber At each inspection
・ Measurement of dissolved oxygen level
・ Measurement of pH level
・ Measurement of water temperature

・ Measurement of transparency level

・ Measurement of ammonia nitrogen (*for BJ Type only)
Sedimentation
・ Check on any abnormal rise in water level At each inspection
chamber
・ Check on state of generation of scum
・ Check on state of generation of settled sludge

・ Check on water volume for circulation

Airlift At each inspection
・ Check on attachment of massive biofilm on piping or on measuring box

・ Check on state of contact with treated water

Disinfection chamber ・ Check on state of settled substances At each inspection
・ Check on remaining amount of chemicals and refilling

・ Check on operation status

At each inspection
Blower ・ Cleaning of air filters
・ Overhaul Once a year

・ Check on state of operation and positions of float switches At each inspection

Pump
・ Overhaul Every other year

8
4-2 Pre-Use Inspection and Check and Adjustment
Before regular maintenance and inspection, checking on the construction and work on Johkasou and
functions of the internal operation units just before use is very important to normal Johkasou operation and
to the prevention of problems during the inspection and cleaning processes.

Check on Johkasou installation

(1) Compare the physical Johkasou with the submitted documents

(i) Compare installed Johkasou with Johkasou reported in the application documents.

(2) Check on the surrounding condition of Johkasou

(i) Observe the places where the main unit the blower and other equipment are installed to see if
there are any problems with maintenance, inspection or cleaning work.
(ii) Check if there is any risk of rainwater leakage from the manhole for Johkasou.
(iii) Observe the state of use of the space above Johkasou. Especially if it serves as a parking area,
check the design drawings and other documents to see if it is suitable for vehicles.
(iv) If Johkasou is installed at a residential building, check if the discharge pipes from the bathroom
and from the kitchen are connected and if the rainwater piping is NOT connected.

(3) Check the inside of Johkasou

(i) Open the manhole to check if maintenance and cleaning work can be conducted easily and safely.
(ii) Check if Johkasou is installed horizontally and if the water levels in each chamber and in the
bottoms of feed pipes and discharge pipes are normal.
(iii)Carry out a visual inspection to see if the inside walls, the partition plate, piping and other internal
equipment is damaged and check if moving beds flow out from the designated place.
(iv)Check if there is air leakage from any part of the piping. The piping is normal provided that the
air valve is appropriate and that the pressure is roughly in the range of 20 kPa to 30 kPa.
(iv)Check the quantity of circulating water.

At a restaurant, café or other place from which a high concentration of wastewater

Note
flows out, the foul odor generated at the start of Johkasou operation may be
problematic. Put the blower into operation at least one week before the facility is
opened to aerate the moving bed chamber.

Note
At the start of operation, moving beds are floating in the moving bed chamber, but it
is not abnormal. The moving beds will no longer float after operation for some period
of time (normally two to three weeks).

Note
At the start of operation, please fill chlorine tablets in the chlorine dispenser.

9
 4-3 Key Points of Maintenance and Inspection
Daiki Domestic Wastewater Treatment Systems BA Type & BJ Type both adopt the moving bed system.
The following describes key points to be noted when performing maintenance and inspection.

1) Separation and sedimentation chamber

If there is any foreign matter or scum, remove it to ensure a smooth water flow in the separation box.
If they are a little, Remove them out side of the separation box.
The separation and sedimentation chamber is the main chamber in which sludge is retained. If it is
filled, water quality will deteriorate. Make sure that too much sludge is not retained or it does not flow
out of the transfer outlet.

2) Anaerobic contact media chamber

Like the separation and sedimentation chamber, this chamber retains sludge. As soon as it becomes
full, the water in the subsequent moving bed chamber will deteriorate. Make sure that too much sludge
is not retained or it does not flow out of the transfer outlet. Note that this chamber is filled with anaerobic
media. If it is clogged with sludge and foreign matter, that will disrupt the water flow.
Check if there is any difference in the water level from the outlet to the moving bed chamber.

3) Moving bed chamber

Check if moving beds are floating and moving without staying in one place.
Check if biofilms are attached to moving beds.
Check that there is no large volume of suspended substances in the chamber.
Check if moving bed volume is appropriate level.
If these conditions are fulfilled, biological treatment will be effective.

4) Sedimentation chamber

Check if there is any floating scum. If there is, use the ladle to move it from this chamber to the
separation and sedimentation chamber. The existence of floating scum means that the flow rate of
the airlift is insufficient. Adjust the flow rate.

5) Airlift

Clean the airlift, measuring box and circulation pipe line after each inspection.
① Fully close the airlift valve and count 5 seconds.
② Fully open the valve and see high concentrated SS is lifted up in the measuring box.

③ When concentration of SS becomes low, return to ①, and repeat ① to ③ until the high
concentrated SS is not lifted up.
④ Clean the measuring box and circulation pipe line with tap water.
⑤ Adjust the settings of the airlift valve.

10
4-4 Checking and Adjusting Individual Units

1) Types of valves and openings

There are two valves in the air piping. One is for air diffusion and the other is for the airlift. Fully open the
air diffusion valve and adjust the circulation water volume. If the specified water volume is not secured
even after fully opening its valve, narrow the air diffusion valve to increase the amount of air in the airlift.

2) Cleaning of air diffusion pipe

Clean the air diffusion pipe and the reverse cleaning pipe with tap water and valve operations.
<Steps for cleaning with tap water>
(1) Turn off the breaker of the blower to stop its operation.
(2) Remove the union from the inlet of the air diffusion unit and connect the inlet with the water supply
faucet with a vinyl hose.
(3) Open the faucet to let the tap water flow through the air diffusion pipe.
(4) Close the water supply faucet and then restore the piping to its original form. Turn on the breaker
of the blower to resume its operation.
(5) Adjust the settings of individual valves.

<Steps for cleaning by valve operation>

- Air diffusion pipe
(1) Make sure that Johkasou is in a state of air diffusion.
(2) Completely shut the circulation valve.
(3) Narrow part of the air diffusion pipe to increase the air volume per line to carry out ventilation.
(4) Restore the settings of individual valves.

3) Setting of circulation water volume

Basically, set the circulation water volume to double (2Q) the daily average wastewater quantity (Q).
*For the BJ type, set the volume to 4Q. (Table 4)
Calculate the circulation water volume using the equations below.
・ Circulation water volume for BA(E) Type
= Daily average wastewater quantity (Q) × 2.0 ÷ number of measuring box
・ Circulation water volume for BJ(E) Type
= Daily average wastewater quantity (Q) × 4.0 ÷ number of measuring box
Adjust the air valve to achieve the appropriate water volume mentioned on the V-notch in the
measuring box. Please refer to the table 3 (BAE type) and Table 4 (BJ type).

11
 Table 3: Wastewater Volume and Circulation Water Volume to be Set (for the BA(E) Type)
Daily average
wastewater
volume
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
[m3/day]
Circulation
water volume 20 40 60 80 100 60×2※ 70×2※ 80×2※ 90×2※ 70×3※
[m3/day]
※：[appropriate water volume at each measuring box] × [number of measuring box in sedimentation chamber]

Table 4: Wastewater Volume and Circulation Water Volume to be Set (for the BJ(E) Type)
Daily average
wastewater
volume
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 75
[m3/day]
Circulation
water volume 40 80 60×2※ 80×2※ 100×2※ 80×3※ 95×3※ 100×3※
[m3/day]
※：[appropriate water volume at each measuring box] × [no. of measuring box in the sedimentation chamber]

4-5 Inspection and Maintenance Work

The following descriptions pertain to the items for each chamber subject to inspection, rough guides to the
normal state and maintenance work to be performed in the event of an abnormality.

1) Sedimentation and separation chamber

Inspection Item Inspection Method State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

① Inlet and outlet ・ Filth and scum are accumulated

Visual test ・ Remove the foreign matter.
Separation box in large quantities.

・ Check the piping on the inlet line.

・ There is a strong odor even
・ Add deodorant and seeding agent.
② Odor Smell test when the manhole and the
・ For manholes, apply packings onto their frames.
square-type cover are closed.
・ Properly install a ventilation pipe and a ventilation fan.

・ Scum is present in such large ・ Carry out sludge removal.

Visual test
③ Scum conditions Ladle quantities that it may overflow ・ Table 5 indicates upper value. When any value
into the separation box. approaches the upper value, carry out cleaning.

・ If a considerable amount of sludge discharge from the

・ Sludge flows out through the
Visual test separation box is observed, remove the sludge.
④ Sludge conditions Sludge level checker transfer port to the anaerobic
・ When value approaches the upper value of Table 5,
contact media chamber.
carry out cleaning.

･ Sanitary goods and disposable

⑤ Foreign matter Visual test ・ Advise the user not to add any foreign matter.
diapers and plastics are present.

・ Ask the user if they poured in any large amount of

⑥ Grease Visual test ・ Grease floats in large quantities. grease. If yes, ask the user to reduce the amount of
grease to discharge.

12
 Table 5 Thickness limits of scum and settled sludge in sedimentation and separation chamber
BA(E) 1 2 3 4 5 6 8,10 12,15 ≥ 20
Water amount [m3/D]
BJ(E) - 1 2 3 4 5 6 8,10,12 ≥ 15
Over surface 100 100 150
Scum
Under surface 300 350 400
Settled sludge Bottom 400 450 650 900 1000 1200

2) Anaerobic contact media chamber

Inspection Item Inspection Method State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

・ Carry out sludge removal.

Visual test
① Scum conditions Ladle ・ Scum is present in large quantities. ・ Table 6 indicates upper value. When any value
approaches the upper value, carry out cleaning.
・ If a considerable amount of sludge is advected
・ The moving bed chamber has a into the moving bed chamber, remove the
Visual test
② Sludge conditions Sludge level checker very large quantity of suspended appropriate amount of sludge.
substances. ・ Table 6 indicates upper value. When any value
approaches the upper value, carry out cleaning.
・ The water level in the anaerobic
media part is higher than that in
・ Clean the anaerobic media with pressured water
the cleaning hole.
③ Anaerobic media Visual test and, if necessary, remove an appropriate
・ A large number of solids has
amount of sludge from the bottom.
accumulated on the surface of the
anaerobic media.
・ Ask the user if they poured in any large amount
・ Large quantities of grease are
④ Grease Visual test of grease. If yes, ask the user to reduce the
floating.
amount of grease to discharge.

Table 6 Thickness limits of scum and settled sludge in anaerobic chamber

BA(E) 1 2 3 4 5 6 8,10 12,15 ≥ 20
Water amount [m3/D]
BJ(E) - 1 2 3 4 5 6 8,10,12 ≥15
Over surface 100 120
Scum
Under surface 100 100
Settled sludge Bottom 200 250 300 450

13
3) Moving bed chamber

Inspection
Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work
Method

・ Adjust the air diffusion valve.

・ Bubbles come up only on one side.
・ Inspect the air diffuser and the air piping (to
・ No bubbles come up.
① Air diffuser Visual test see if it is clogged or if air is leaking).
・ Inspect the blower.
Normal state: Bubbles come up evenly.
・ Clean the air diffuser.

・ A large amount of foams is floating.

・ Inject anti-foaming agent.
② Foaming Visual test Condition like foams overflow the
・ Inject seeding agent.
partition wall.

・ Adjust the circulation water volume.

・ There are large quantities of ・ Remove sludge from the sedimentation and
③ Water conditions Visual test
suspended substances. separation chamber and the anaerobic
contact media chamber.

・ Adjust the air diffusion valve.

・ Inspect the air diffuser and clogging of or
④ DO level leakage from the air piping.
DO & pH meter ・ 1.0 mg or less per liter
(to be measured) ・ Inspect the blower.
・ Inspect the operation and the circulation
water volume.

・ Check if there is any abnormal influx of

⑤ pH level water.
DO & pH meter ・ Out of the range of 6 to 8
(to be measured) ・ If nitration increases excessively, adjust the
air blow rate.

・ Higher than the water level of

⑥ Water level Visual test ・ Check and clean the transfer point
sedimentation chamber

14
4) Sedimentation chamber

Inspection Item Inspection Method State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

・ Scoop the scum to move it from this chamber to the

・ Scum is floating on sedimentation and separation chamber.
① Scum Conditions Visual test the entire surface
・ Check and adjust the operation and the circulation
(>80%).
water volume.

・ Check if there is any abnormal influx of water.

・ Check if the DO level and the pH level are normal and,
if there is any abnormality, follow the appropriate
② Transparency measures.
Transparency meter ・ Less than 20 cm
(to be measured) ・ Check if a sufficient amount of microorganisms are
attached. If it is insufficient, carry out seeding.
・ If nitration advances excessively (pH,6), adjust the air
blow rate.

③ Ammonia nitrogen ・ Check if DO level and pH level are normal and, if any
(to be measured) Ammonia ・ More than 10 mg per are abnormal, take the appropriate measures.
measurement kit liter ・ Check if a sufficient number of microorganisms are
*(for BJ Type) attached. If it is insufficient, carry out seeding.

・ There is no
difference between ・ Check if the accumulated sludge on the bottom is
the concentration of hardened with the use of a long stick.
⑤ Circulation water Visual test
SS in the moving bed ・ Lower the flow rate for sludge removal (circulation
chamber and the volume).
circulation water.

15
5) Disinfection chamber

Inspection
Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work
Method

・ Set it at the normal position to ensure

① Chlorine dispenser Visual test ・ The chlorine dispenser is slanted. that treatment water is in sufficient
contact with disinfectant.

・ If the level of tablet is judged to be

high from the residual chlorine
concentration in the Disinfection
chamber, reduce the amount of water
in contact with the discharge water by
・ The tablet is rapidly consumed. adding the disc into the bottom of
② Chlorine tablet Visual test
・ The tablet is not consumed. dispenser. If the level is judged to be
low, increase the amount of water in
contact with flow water by removing
the disc.
・ Clean the bottom of dispenser
regularly.

③ Existence of any ・ Sediment is present and the discharge

Visual test ・ Carry out cleaning.
sediment water is confirmed to be turbid.

Be sure to refill disinfectant irrespective of its residual level.

・ Refill disinfectant with care to avoid accidentally dropping it into the tank.
・ If the disinfectant is dissolved in any chamber other than the Disinfection chamber, it will kill the microorganisms in
Johkasou and the treatment performance will be deteriorated.
・ Use a disinfectant that meets the specifications in the design calculation.
・ Never use any inorganic chlorinated disinfectant and any alkaline substance together. It would cause an
explosion.
・ If the disinfectant fails to meet the specifications mentioned above, it will fail to carry out proper disinfection or
result in an inadequate storage period.

* If the amount of water is small, some of the treated water may move to the Disinfection chamber without passing the
overflow weir. This poses no problem.

16
6) Blower

Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

・ Check the power supply.

① State of operation ・ The blower is not in operation.
・ For details, refer to the operation manual of the blower.

② Piping joint ・ Air is leaking. ・ Repair it.

③ Sounds and ・ Abnormal sounds or vibrations ・ Check how the blower is installed
vibrations are generated. ・ Check if the diaphragm is damaged.

・ Clean it or replace it. (It is recommended to regularly

④ Air filter ・ It is stained or clogged.
replace it.)

● Replace the diaphragm valve, clean or replace the air filter on a regular basis and carry out other maintenance work in
accordance with the operation manual of the blower.

7) Pump

Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

・ Check if it is powered on and if it is powered off, power it on.

・ If the wire is broken, replace the pump.
・ The pump does not work
・ Check if the float switches are faulty or placed in
properly at the determined
inappropriate positions. Take remedial action or replace it.
① State of operation water level.
・ If the non-operation is attributed to any tangled foreign
・ The pump is not in operation.
matter (which makes the current level high), remove the
・ No or little water comes out.
foreign matter.
・ For details, refer to the operation manual of the pump.

● Replace lubricant (around once a year) and carry out an overhaul (around once every two years) and other maintenance work
in accordance with the operation manuals of the pump and the float.

17
8) Terminal Box / Control Panel

Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

・ Check if air piping is clogged, air valve is closed too much,

・ The current value of
equipment is +20% of rated
current value.
① Currency
(To be measured)
・ The current value is -20% of
rated current value.
and diffuser is clogged.
・ Clean filters of blowers.
・ Check if piping for pump is clogged, and any foreign
substances is adhered with screws.
・ Check if there is an air leakage.
・ Check if there is an air leakage from piping for pumps.
・ Check on screws.

【Measurement of currency】 BREAKER

Use a clamp meter.
Measure when the equipment is on an operation.
Cable
Measure every cable one by one.

Pump / Blower

・Insulation resistance indicates

lower than specified values.
② Insulation resistance
(To be measured) 【Specified values】
< 300V: 0.2 MΩ
> 300V: 0.4 MΩ
・ Identify the earth leakage location.
・ Replace the equipment.
・ When recovery is not recognized by equipment
replacement, please contact a specialist.

【Measurement of insulation resistance】

Measure with insulation-resistance tester. When you carry out measurement,

please be sure to turn off the circuit breaker.
Measure by connecting red line to terminal and black line to the earth. Please
refer to “Instruction Manual” for details.

9) Common

Inspection Item State of Abnormality Maintenance Work

All Chamber ・ Scums are adhered to partition plate and the wall. ・ Clean dirty part with a brush.

18
4-6 Action in the Event of Abnormality

1) Action against Odor

It takes some time until this Johkasou starts to exhibit its intended functions and in the meantime, it may
cause foul odor. A variety of factors can cause odor generation from the moving bed chamber. In many
cases insufficient aeration or a large amount of circulation water hampers effective biological treatment.
Possible remedial actions include increased aeration and seeding. The following describes examples of
actions against odor.

There are a variety of possible measures to address odor issues, such as:
(1) Sealing the manhole with packings, as a temporary measure.
(2) A reverse flow of odor to the building may occur when the trap is not properly in place in in the piping for the Johkasou. Review
the piping route to check if the trap is appropriately installed.
(3) Properly install a ventilation pipe and a ventilation fan. Make sure that the ventilation pipe is taller than the eves of neighboring
buildings and erect it with full consideration of wind directions and other factors.
(4) Add a seeding agent and deodorant to the anaerobic contact media chamber and the moving bed chamber.
* For seeding, use a commercially available seeding agent, digested sludge in a STP, a night soil disposal plant or sludge in the
aeration tank. If sludge is added, adjust the added amount to ensure that the sludge concentration will be roughly within the range
of 200 mg to 300 mg per liter in the anaerobic contact media chamber and roughly within the range of 100 mg to 200 mg per liter in
the moving bed chamber.

2) Action against bubbles

Bubbles may be generated in the early period of operation during which the quantity of microorganisms is
still limited or in the case of a huge gap between the water temperature and the air temperature or where
a large amount of inflow of detergent. It often occurs particularly in the early period of operation and in
most cases, the phenomenon will cease after some time.
If action needs to be swiftly taken, use an anti-bubble agent that is sold separately to eliminate bubbles. In
addition, seeding and supplying microorganisms to the moving bed chamber for ensuring orderly biological
treatment is another solution against bubbles. In the event of a massive inflow of detergent, either carry
out the actions mentioned above or ask Johkasou manager (user) to use an appropriate amount of
detergent.

3) Action against discharge of moving beds

If the water level is at an abnormal level, moving beds in the moving bed chamber may flow out. Pick up
those moving beds and put them back into the chamber.

19
5. Sludge Removal
5-1 Rough Guide to Timing of Sludge Removal

It is stipulated that sludge removal shall be carried out at least once every half a year in a normal state of use.
As a rough guide, it is time to carry it out in any of the states described below.

1) There is a considerable amount of scum sediment in the sedimentation and separation chamber or in the
anaerobic contact media chamber, or a considerable amount of sludge sediment at the bottom of the
chamber.
2) A dramatic rise in water level in the tank or any trace thereof is observed.
3) SS are generated in large quantities in the moving bed chamber that do not decrease even after the
circulation process.

Note

Sludge removal from the moving bed chamber or the sedimentation chamber is normally not required.
If it is necessary, do not directly remove sludge from the center of these chambers. Failure to observe
this instruction will result in the removal of moving beds together with the sludge. In the event of
removal, carry out the work in accordance with the following.

○ Moving bed chamber

Stop aeration and allow some time until the sludge is settled. Attach a net or equivalent with the
spacing of 14 mm or less. Remove sludge while paying attention to avoid shifting moving beds
from the bottom of the tank.

○ Sedimentation chamber
Set the end of a hose inside the tank to carry out the removal. In this event, pay attention to avoid
damage to the airlift.

5-2 Steps for Sludge Removal

1) Preparation work
Prior to the cleaning of individual units, take the following steps.
① Turn off the breaker of the blower to stop its operation.
② Remove accretions on the feed pipe (and the baffle) and the discharge pipe (and the baffle).
③ For removing suspended substances from the moving bed chamber or sludge from the sedimentation
chamber, take the steps mentioned in the previous paragraph.

20
2) Sedimentation and separation chamber
Positions for insertion of the cleaning hose
Lateral surface of the separation box and the manhole installation position (Refer to Fig. 3)
① From the position shown in the diagram, remove scum through a suction hose while breaking it up with
a stick or equivalent.
② Insert a suction hose to the bottom of the chamber and remove all of the sludge.

Insert point of suction hose

SEPARATION BOX

SEDIMENTATION

Fig. 3: Positions on the sedimentation and separation chamber for insertion of a sludge removal hose

3) Anaerobic contact media chamber

Positions for insertion of the cleaning hose
The sludge cleaning hole and the baffle (See Fig. 4)
(i) Insert a suction hose into the chamber to remove scum.
(ii) Remove sludge on the anaerobic media roof net until the media becomes visible.
(iii) Insert a suction hose through the cleaning hole to the bottom of the chamber, and remove an
appropriate amount of sludge on the bottom while washing sludge off the internal wall of the tank
using pressured water or the equivalent.

Note Be sure to remove scum before removing sludge. Removing the sludge at the
bottom of the chamber could lower the water level to possibly allow sludge on
the anaerobic media roof net to enter the anaerobic media and cause occlusion.

ANAEROBIC
CONTACT MEDIA Positions for insertion MOVING BED
CHAMBER of a sludge removal hose CHAMBER

Transfer baffle

Return pipe

Fig. 4: Positions on the anaerobic contact media chamber for insertion of a sludge removal hose
21
4) Work after removal
After finishing the sludge removal, fill the chamber with water to the specified level (at which the water overflows).
Then turn the breaker of the blower on to put the blower into operation.

Note Do not remove a large portion of water in the chamber at a time or leave the tank empty
for a long time. Failure to observe the instruction above could result in application of a
significant buoyant force or load onto the tank and cause damage to the tank.

22
6. After-Sales Services
6-1 Period and Scope of Warranty
１） After-sales services
Should any abnormality occur while Johkasou is in use, contact us or your maintenance and inspection
service operator.

２） Warranty
The warranty period is three years from the date of shipment for the main unit and one year from the same
date for the drive unit and the internal components. We will repair problems as mentioned in the warranty
certificate.
For repairs after the expiration of the warranty period, please feel free to contact us.
The warranty guarantees that we will offer free repair for system failure during the warranty period under the
normal conditions of use in accordance with the precautions in the maintenance and inspection procedures.
It is meant to guarantee the functions of Johkasou and not its performance.

Items covered by the warranty

① Main unit: the outer shell of the unit and the partition board (including moving beds)
The warranty does not apply if Johkasou is not used as a STP.
② Drive unit (including the blower, the pumps, the control unit and other equipment) and internal
components
* The warranty does not apply to any scratches, rust or others on the exterior generated during its use.
The warranty is intended to guarantee the function, or the withstanding load strength, of the cover.
* The warranty does not cover expendable components, such as belts, chemical agents, packings,
grease, diaphragms, valves, disinfectants and batteries.

３） Component retention period

Components of Johkasou will be retained for at least five years. Please note that we may be unable to supply
components and that the whole unit may have to be replaced after five years.
For details, please contact your maintenance and inspection service operator.

４） In the event of loss or damage of the operation manual for Johkasou, please
contact us and we will immediately send you another copy.

５） If you have any other query, please contact us.

* This Johkasou will not exert its functions without maintenance and inspection, specifically maintenance,
inspections and sludge removal. These are at your expense.

23
MEMO
 Version 2.00 (Revised in Apr 2020)

Johkasou Maintenance Kit List

No Equipment Specification Type Manufacture ☆

1. Measuring Cup 2 liters -
2. Transparency Meter 30 cm -
Portable D-210PD-S※
3. Dissolved Oxygen/pH Meter
Dual electrode type 5402※
HORIBA 〇
3a DO Chip 5401
3b pH Calibration Kit 101-S
DPD method
4. Residual Chlorine Analyzer -
Incl. 50 pcs DPD Tablet KANSAIKAKO 〇
4a DPD Tablet 100pcs -
Portable photometer
5. Ammonia Measurement Kit HI96715
Incl. 100 times reagent HANNA Instruments 〇
5a First & Second Reagent For 100 times HI93715A, B
6. Insulation Resistance Tester PDM5219S Sanwa Electro Instrument 〇
7. AC Clamp Meter 3289-10F HIOKI E.E 〇

☆：Instruction manual
※：5402 is spare for electrode of DO.
Pictures

1. Measuring Cup (2 liters) 2. Transparency Meter (30cm)

3. Dissolved Oxygen / pH Meter

4. Residual chlorine analyzer 5. Ammonia Measurement Kit

6. Insulation Resistance Tester 7. AC Clamp Meter

 Water Sampling Method (R2)

1st-Oct. 2020
Daiki Axis Co., Ltd.
KAZUO SAEKI

NOTE
・Maintenance work shall be done after the water sampling.
・Maintenance and Inspection Report shall be filled out.

Analysis Items (Recommended)

Raw water: pH, SS, BOD, COD, T-N, NH4-N, T-P, Oil & Grease, Cl-
Treated water: pH, SS, BOD, COD, T-N, NH4-N, NOx-N (NO2-N + NO3-N), T-P, Oil & Grease,
Coliform

Procedures
① To conduct an interview with an analysis institution and be sure whether to be able or not to
check the above items.
② To confirm required sample water volume for submitting to the analysis institution to analyze.
If you do not get that information, you shall follow the example below.
*Example : Raw Water is 1L、Treated Water is 2L
③ To prepare the instruments and vessels for collecting water.
Bucket, Sample bottle (Like a PET bottle.), Cooler, Ice, Measuring Cup and Ladle
④ To specify the sampling point (Please refer Appendix-1_Priority of sampling point)
⑤ To rinse the inside of collecting bottle by sampling water.
⑥ Throwing away the rinsed water, and pouring collected sample water as much as you can make it
full to decrease the air space in the collecting bottle.
⑦ To confirm that the cap shall be closed perfectly in order not to leak the sample.
⑧ After collecting water, keep it inside of cooler contained with ice as fast as you possibly can.
(please refer Appendix – 2_Container samples)
⑨ The collected water shall be submitted to the analysis institution within two days.
Appendix 1 - Priority of sampling point

- Raw Water：
(Ⅰ)Equalization Tank＞(Ⅱ)Raw Water Tank＞(Ⅲ)1st room of Separation Box in Johkasou
*In case of (Ⅰ) or (Ⅱ): you can collect water directly
or collect it from inflow pipe with operating pump.
*About (Ⅲ): refer the video “Raw water sampling from Johkasou”.

- Treated water：
(Ⅳ)Discharge Pump Tank(ZP Tank)＞(Ⅴ)Disinfection Chamber＞(Ⅵ)Sedimentation Chamber
*In case of (V): there is a negative possibility that Biofilm attached on wall of chamber would peel
off and contaminate when you collect the water. Therefore, you are required to
collect water calmly and quietly.
If it’s difficult to do it, you can collect water in 30 minutes after the removement
of biofilm by brush or stick.
*In case of (Ⅵ): it should be avoided as possible because disinfection has not been done yet.

*In case of (V) (Ⅵ): It becomes easier to do sampling when you use a siphon pump.
Appendix 2 – Container samples

■Cooler Box ■Styrene foam box, Polystyrene box

■Bucket ■Siphon pump（for treated water sampling）

Hand operated Battery operated

Appendix -1
Reference photos of above ground installation of FRP tanks.

Deck & handrail

Ladder