Majority Minority Relations Census

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 TEST ITEM FILE—CHAPTER SEVEN
Minority Group Movements and Their Impact on Society

EXAM QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is an adaptive response to subordinate or minority status?

a. Feigned or real acceptance
b. Seeking legal changes
c. Legal strikes and boycotts
d. Illegal protests
ANS: a page: 167

2. The use of alcohol or drugs among minority groups is an example of:

a. Displaced aggression because of a subordinate role
b. Internal acceptance of a subordinate role
c. Avoidance of a subordinate role
d. Subordinate groups seeking to assimilate
ANS: c page: 168

3. Change-oriented movements may seek all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Bring about system wide assimilation
b. Build alternative, minority controlled institutions
c. Alter the nature of minority-majority relations
d. Trying to make a subordinate situation tolerable
ANS: d page: 169

4. Which of the following is a legal strategy of movements seeking change in

minority status?
a. Disruptive sit-ins
b. Riots
c. Lawsuits
d. Bombings
ANS: c page: 169

5. There has been a shift in this century, particularly since World War II, in the
response of minority group members to their subordinate status. Which of the
following characterizes that shift?
a. Away from adaptation and toward change
b. Away from change and toward adaptation
c. Away from peaceful protest toward violence
d. Away from bold tactics to subtle tactics
ANS: a page: 170

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 6. Although court rulings in favor of anti-discrimination were important during the
1950s and 1960s, their effectiveness was limited for the following reason:
a. Northern local governments seldom complied quickly
b. Southern local governments sometimes refused to comply at all
c. The rulings only applied to private-sector discrimination
d. The rulings only applied to certain areas of the country
ANS: b page: 171

7. Dr. Martin Luther King preached the principles and philosophy of nonviolent
resistance developed by:
a. Elijah Muhammad
b. Malcolm X
c. Mahatma Gandhi
d. Rosa Parks
ANS: c page: 171

8. Who was the Chicano leader who worked to unionize agricultural workers?
a. Reies Lopez Tijerina
b. Tony Orlando
c. George Lopez
d. Cesar Chavez
ANS: d page: 173

9. What is the acronym for the national organization seeking to protect the rights of
Native Americans?
a. AIM
b. NAACP
c. NOW
d. ADC
ANS: a page: 173

10. Which of the following is one of the conditions necessary for a social movement
to develop?
a. Absolute deprivation
b. A communication network
c. A sense of helplessness among the minority group
d. Extreme, society-wide poverty
ANS: b page: 174

11. All of the following changes after WWII precipitated movement-facilitating

conditions among American minorities EXCEPT:
a. The trend toward urbanization and industrialization
b. Economic expansion and international changes

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 c. Economic recessions and high levels of unemployment
d. Mass communications and rising education levels
ANS: c pages: 175-179

12. A response to subordinate or minority status where the person takes out their
frustration on an easier or more available target rather than the true source of the
unequal status is called:
a. Acceptance
b. Displaced aggression
c. Avoidance
d. Seeking assimilation
ANS: b pages: 167

13. Acceptance as an adaptive strategy response to unequal status involves:

a. Pretending or truly accepting the lower status of your group
b. Taking out your frustration on someone who is easier or more available as
a target than the true source of the inequality
c. Practicing “passing” as a majority group member in society
d. Avoiding reminders of the inequality one is often forced to experience
ANS: a page: 167

14. The practice of “passing” or presenting yourself to the world as a white person if
you are a minority group member who is close in appearance to white is which
adaptive response to unequal status?
a. Acceptance
b. Displaced aggression
c. Avoidance
d. Seeking assimilation
ANS: d page 168

15. In recent years in the United States, illegal drug use among minorities using is:
a. Higher than whites
b. Lower than whites
c. About the same as whites
d. Lower in rural areas then whites and higher in urban areas
ANS: b page 168

16. High suicide rates among ethnic minority groups can probably be attributed to
which adaptive strategy to unequal status?
a. Acceptance
b. Displaced aggression
c. Avoidance
d. Seeking assimilation
ANS: b page: 168

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 17. Immediately after Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated, the response of many
African Americans was:
a. Resorting back to adaptive strategies
b. Reaching out to white racist groups for peace talks
c. Violent outbursts in many cities in the United States
d. An increased enrollment in the numbers of African Americans joining the
military
ANS: c page: 172

18. Indians took over Alcatraz Island, a former federal prison on San Francisco Bay
in the 1970’s because:
a. A 1868 treaty provided that surplus federal property could be claimed by
the Sioux
b. They were protesting the continued imprisonment of several Native
American leaders
c. They claimed the federal government owed them money from an 1870
treaty
d. They argued that the federal government was polluting the bay and they
had a right to stop that damage
ANS: a page: 173

19. Social movements among Mexican Americans and American Indians during the
1960s and 1970s were based on the following key issues EXCEPT:
a. Destruction of native culture through Indian boarding schools
b. High rates of Hispanic casualties in the Vietnam War
c. Land rights for Indians
d. Protecting the right to vote
ANS: d page: 174

20. A necessary condition for a social movement to take place is when people feel
worse off than others or feels deprived of what they should have. This is called:
a. Relative deprivation
b. Communication network
c. Resources
d. Sense of efficacy
ANS: a page 174

21. Resource mobilization theory argues that social movements develop:

a. When strong leadership is able to encourage people to join
b. When people feel there is something to be gained by protesting and the
potential gains outweigh the potential costs
c. When people who are dissatisfied have the resources to build a social
movement
d. When people have developed a strong network for communication among
members of their group

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ANS: c page: 175

22. When people realize that a social or political system is vulnerable to change
through protest they are more likely to become involved in social movements.
This theory is called:
a. Resource mobilization theory
b. Political process theory
c. Relative deprivation theory
d. Social movement organization theory
ANS: b page 178

23. Social change is more likely in urban areas than rural for all of the following
reasons EXCEPT:
a. Because of the large number of people in urban areas there is a variety of
opinions and lifestyles
b. Greater freedom and independence in urban areas encourages
antiestablishment ideas
c. The fact that so many people share the same view of the world
d. Social control is more difficult since it is less likely that local officials will
know everyone
ANS: c page 176

24. As economic expansion raises expectations of minority group members, the

majority are likely to respond in which way?
a. The majority becomes even more resistant to improving the lives of ethnic
minorities
b. The majority sees minority group members as less of a threat and is more
inclined to respond favorably
c. The majority has no real chance in their attitudes toward minority groups
d. The majority is less interested in helping others at a time when they are
interested in advancing their own opportunities or those of their children
ANS: b page: 177

25. The importance of mass communications in furthering social movements for

oppressed minorities are to add all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Making the majority group more aware of the concerns of minority group
members
b. Making people more aware of the contrast between the haves and the have
nots
c. Exposing more disadvantaged people to the movements of others
elsewhere
d. Creating a revolution in how people receive and exchange information
which can lead to a stimulus for protest
ANS: a pages: 177-178

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True/False

1. Acceptance of subordinate minority status may be feigned or real. (T) page: 167

2. Substance abuse may be a form of avoidance of subordinate minority status. (T)

page: 168

3. The first condition that must be present for a social movement to form is
dissatisfaction. (T) page: 174

4. One of the effects of urbanization was to increase feelings of relative deprivation.

(T) page: 176

5. A social movement has, all else being equal, a greater chance of success in a rural
setting than in an urban setting. (F) page: 176

6. Black-on-black and Latino-on-Latino crime is very rare in the United States

today. (F) page: 168.

7. When homosexuals seek to “pass” as heterosexual, this is an example of the

adaptive strategy of seeking assimilation. (T) page: 168

8. Lawsuits, voter registration drives, legal strikes and boycotts are all examples of
adaptive strategies. (F) pages: 169-170

9. For a social movement to be successful people must have a sense that they have
something to gain by protesting and that the potential gains outweigh the costs.
(T) page: 175

10. The government of the United States has been forced to be more supportive of
the demands for equality of its people of color due to their international leadership
with other countries. (T) page: 178

Essay

1. What are adaptive strategies and change-oriented strategies? Give examples of

each.

2. What are the necessary conditions for social movements and why is each
necessary?

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3. Why are urbanization and industrialization so important in helping to bring about
social movements for change among disadvantaged minorities?

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