9

6 This is a question about photosynthesis and plant minerals.

(a) Look at the diagrams of different plant cells.

contains green pigment

A onion epidermal cells B palisade cells

contains green pigment

C cells found in xylem D guard cells

root hair

E epidermal cell in the root

Which two diagrams show plant cells that photosynthesise?

Choose from A, B, C, D and E.

and [2]

© UCLES 2023 0893/01/A/M/23 [Turn over

 6

5 Pierre investigates photosynthesis.

Look at the leaf. It has some areas that are green and other areas that are white.

Pierre:

• puts a small strip of black paper across part of the leaf

• puts the leaf under a light source for 24 hours.

leaf under a
2 light source
green area 1 3 for 24 hours
white area
4

black paper

Pierre then:

• cuts out the four different parts of the leaf labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4
• adds these parts to separate test-tubes containing a small volume of ethanol
• heats each test-tube to remove any green colour from the leaf parts
• tests parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 for starch with iodine solution.

(a) Ethanol is a flammable liquid.

Describe how Pierre safely heats each test-tube containing ethanol.

[1]

(b) When starch is present iodine turns black.

Look at the results.

part 1 2 3 4

Starch is made after photosynthesis happens.

Explain how the results show that both light and chlorophyll must be present for photosynthesis.

light

chlorophyll

[2]

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10 Pierre grows pepper plants.

To find the effect of fertiliser on the growth of these pepper plants,

 he sows three groups of 50 seeds

 he places them in a glasshouse and waters one group with organic fertiliser, one with
artificial fertiliser and one with distilled water

 he measures the average height of the pepper plants every 4 weeks

 he counts how many peppers each group of plants have produced after 16 weeks.

The table shows the results of his investigation.

average height of pepper number

plants in cm of
treatment peppers
4 8 12 after 16
weeks weeks weeks weeks

distilled
38 70 98 46
water

organic
42 84 124 104
fertiliser

artificial
48 88 130 127
fertiliser

(a) (i) Which variable does Pierre change in his investigation?

[1]

(ii) State two variables Pierre must control in his investigation.

2 [2]

(iii) Suggest why Pierre waters one group of plants with distilled water.

[1]

(b) What conclusions can be made about the effects of adding fertiliser on

(i) the height of pepper plants?

[1]

(ii) the number of peppers the plants produced?

[1]

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