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Answer ALL questions.

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1 (a) Math the following key terms relating to photosynthesis and plant growth with their correct
definitions. Write the answers in the given box below.

Key term Definition

a Stomata 1 Substance which is used to add mineral
salts to the soil
b Photosynthesis 2 Plants suffer from these if they do not
absorb enough of a certain mineral
c Phosphate 3 A chemical process in which carbon dioxide
ions and water are used to produce glucose with
oxygen as a waste product
d Deficiency 4 A method of growing plants without having
diseases their roots in soil
e Fertiliser 5 The supply of water to crops using ditches,
pipes, pumps or sprays
f Hydroponics 6 Small holes in the epidermis of a leaf; each
one is opened and closed by a pair of guard
cells
g Irrigation 7 Mineral required by plants to make DNA and
many other compounds

a b c d e f g

[7]

(b) The diagram below shows a plant cell.

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Complete the table by identifying the structures in the plant cell and giving their functions.
Some of the functions have been entered for you.

Structure Letter from the Function

diagram
Controls movement of substances
cell membrane B into and out of the cell

cell wall

chloroplast

cytoplasm Respiration

nucleus

vacuole Storage of water and minerals

[8]
(c) Minerals are absorbed from the soil by plants which use them for making a variety of

chemical compounds.

Complete these sentences about minerals in plants.

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(i) Minerals in the soil are absorbed by the.......................... of plants. [1]

(ii) One of the most important chemical elements that plants need is nitrogen which is

absorbed in the form of.......................... ions. [1]

(iii) If plants do not absorb enough of particular mineral they will show .........................

symptoms. [1]

(iv) When plants die, they are broken down by.......................... that release the minerals

back into the soil. [1]

(v) Complete this word equation for photosynthesis.

……………. energy
........................ + ....................... ........................ + oxygen
chlorophyll
……………….

[1]

[Total for Question 1: 20 marks]

2 (a) What is a limitting factor ?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) Describe the effect on rate of photosynthesis,as light intensity,carbondioxide

concentration or temperature increases .Suggest possible explanations for the effects
shown in each graph.

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(i)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

(ii)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…[2]
(iii)
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

[Total for Question 2: 7 marks]

3 (a) Why do plants need mineral salts to make their own food?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

(b) Name two ways of managing plant growth.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

2.………………….…………………………………………………………………………………[1]

(c) Three essential minerals for plants are given in the following table.Explain how they are
used in plant and describe their deficiency symptoms.

Mineral ion Use in plant Deficiency sympyoms

Nitrate

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Phosphate

Potassium

[6]

[Total for Question 3: 9marks]

4 The diagram below is a cross section through part of a leaf. The diagram shows the four tissue
layers of a leaf. Complete the following table by naming the tissue layers A to D and stating the
main function of each layer. [4]

Name of layer Function

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[Total for Question 4: 4marks]

5 (a) The table below gives some information about sodium and chlorine. Complete the table.
[6]

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Electron Number of Number of Group

Element Symbol arrangement electrons electrons number
in outer shells
shell

(i) (iii) (v)

Sodium Na 2.8.1
-------------- -------------- --------------

(ii) (iv) (vi)

Chlorine Cl 2.8.7
-------------- -------------- --------------

(b) There are often several ways to make a particular salt. For example:

 metal + acid

 insoluble metal oxide + acid

 soluble metal hydroxide (alkali) + acid

 metal carbonate + acid.

Not all of these methods may be suitable or work for all salts.

Explain what is wrong with each of the following proposed methods and suggest an
alternative (different) method.

Name of salt Copper sulfate

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Proposed copper + dilute sulfuric acid

method

What is wrong
with this
method?

Alternative
method

[2]

Name of salt Potassium nitrate

Proposed potassium + dilute nitric acid

method

What is wrong
with this
method?

Alternative
method

[2]

[Total for Question 5: 10 marks]

6 (a) An atom of fluorine (F) has 9 protons, 10 neutrons and 9 electrons.

Draw an atom of fluorine showing the number and location of its protons, neutrons and
electrons.
[3]

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(b) Complete the sentences about the properties of group 1 elements using words from the list.
[4]

acidic basic decrease hard

increase lithium potassium soft

The Group 1 elements are relatively ……………………….metals which …………………….

in reactivity going down the Group. Sodium reacts more violently with water than

……………………. .The Group I metals all form ……………………….. oxides.

(c) Complete the table, which gives the names, symbols, relative masses and relative charges
of the subatomic particles. [3]

Relative Relative
Name Symbol
mass charge

e
Electron
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1
Proton

n 0

[Total for Question 6: 10 marks]

7 (a) The table gives some information about some of halogens.

Element Melting Boiling Colour State at room

point /°C point /°C temperature
chlorine -101 -34 green gas

bromine -7 58 orange liquid

/brown
iodine 114 183 grey/black solid

(i) What is the trends in colour of the elements going down the group?

……………………………………………………………………….………………….……. [1]
(ii) What is the trends in melting points and boiling points of the elements going down the
group?
……………………………………………………………………….………………….……. [1]
(iii) What is the trends in reactivity of the elements going down the group?

……………………………………………………………………….………………….……. [1]
(b) The following diagram shows part of the periodic table in which letters represent some
elements. (These are not chemical symbols)

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A B C D E

F G

You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all in this question.
Write down the letter that represents the element that :

(i) is a noble gas ……………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) is an alkaline earth metal ..………………………………………………………………. [1]

(iii) is in the same group as G …………….…………………………………………………. [1]

(iv) is a halogen ………………………………………….……………………………………. [1]

(v) is in the same period as G ……………………………………………………………. [1]

(vi) is a transition metal …...………….……………………………………………………….[1]

(vii) has larger atomic number than F …………………………………………………………[1]

[Total for Question 7: 10 marks]

8 The Van de Graaff generator can be used to produce static electricity.

The metal top of the Van de Graaff generator is not charged.
It becomes positively charged when the Van de Graaff generator is switched on.
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(a) What happens to the charged particles in the metal top when the Van de Graaff generator is
turned on and the top starts to become positive?
Tick (  ) the correct box.

electrons move off the metal top

protons move onto the metal top

electrons move off and protons move onto the metal top

[1]

Ruben brings a small plastic ball with a negative charge close to the top of the
Van de Graaff generator.
The ball is hanging on a string.

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(b) Circle the arrow which shows the direction of the electrostatic force on the ball.

E F G H
[1]

(c) When a Van de Graaff generator is earthed, it is not charged.

The metal top of the Van de Graaff generator should be earthed immediately after use.
Suggest why.
..................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total for Question 8: 3 marks]

10 (a) The diagram below shows a circuit with a two-way switch, S.

Rosie puts the switch in the position shown below.
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Complete the table below to show if the bulbs are on or off.

Write on or off for each bulb.

[1]

(b) Give the name of the part that provides energy for the circuit.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..[1]

(c) The diagrams below show a light-bulb over a staircase of a model house.
There is a two-way switch at the bottom of the stairs and another two-way switch at the top.
Under each diagram, tick one box to show if the bulb is on or off.
The first one has been done for you.

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[2]
[Total for Question 10: 4 marks]

11 Nina’s bicycle has a front lamp and a rear lamp.

Both lamps are connected to the same battery.
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(a) The circuit diagram for the lamps is drawn below.

On the circuit diagram above, place a letter A to show the position of a switch to turn only
the front lamp on and off. [1]

On the circuit diagram above, place a letter B to turn both lamp on and off at the same
time. [1]

(b) Math the following key terms with their correct definitions by writing the answers in the
given box below.

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Key term Definition

a Resistance 1 A measure of the amount of energy provided to

charges
b Potential 2 The flow of charge through a material

difference
c Current 3 A device to measure the potential difference

across a part of a circuit

d Ammeter 4 The opposition to the flow of charge through a

material
e Voltmeter 5 A device to measure the size of a current

a b c d e

[5]

[Total for Question 11: 7 marks]

12 A group of students carry out an experiment to find out how the number of lamps in a circuit
affects the resistance. They use a 6.0 V battery and a range of lamps from 1 to 5. The
students record the different number of lamps. The results of the experiment are shown in
the following table.

Number of lamps Current / A

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1 0.81

2 0.40

3 0.26

4 0.19

5 0.14

(a) Draw a circuit diagram for the circuit that could be used to carry out this test.

[3]

(b) Plot a graph comparing the current through the lamps to the number of lamps in the
circuit. (Number of lamps in X-axis, Current/A in Y-axis)

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[4]

(c) Describe the relationship between the number of lamps and the current through them.
.................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) What happens to the total resistance of the whole circuit as the number of lamps
increase?
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total for Question 12: 10 marks]

13 The following circuits contain batteries, lamps, ammeters and voltmeters. Indicate what reading
would be showing for each meter.
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(a)
…………………………………………………………………………………….…………[1]

(b)
…………………………………………………………………………………….…………[1]
(c)
…………………………………………………………………………………….…………[1]
[Total for Question 13: 3 marks]

(Total for Paper 97 marks)

End of Paper

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