LTE Tutorial Part 1 LTE Basics

M a r iu s Pe sa ve nt o - m arius.pesavent o@m im oOn.
de
W ille m M u lde r - willem .m ulder@m im oOn.de
LTE Tut or ia l pa r t 1
LTE Ba sics
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 1
Age nda
 Part 1, LTE Basics 9: 30 – 10: 30
 I nt r oduct ion t o LTE
 FDD/ TDD fram e st ruct ures and refer ence signals
 Physical channels, logical channels
 PHY signal processing archit ect ur e
 H-ARQ processing, H-ARQ t im ing
 UE cat egories
 Part 2, Advanced t opics in LTE 11: 00 – 12: 30
 The LTE MI MO m odes
 Codebook- based precoding
 Closed loop operat ion
 CQI report ing m odes
 Using ant enna port 5 ( SDMA) t echniques
 Sim ulat ion result s
 Out look LTE Advanced
 Q& A 12: 30 – 13: 00
3 G Evolut ion
SPRING
2011
 HSPA evolut ion

 Gradually im proved perform ance at low addit ional cost in 5MHz spect rum
allocat ion
 Next st ep: dual carrier allocat ion ( 10MHz)
 LTE
 LTE is new Radio Access Net work ( RAN)
 significant ly im proved perform ance in up t o 20MHz allocat ion
 Peak dat a rat es up t o 300Mbps
 LTE-Advanced
 nat ural evolut ion of LTE, next m aj or st ep
 t oward I MT-Advanced
 support spect rum aggregat ion up t o 100MHz and dat a rat e up t o 1Gbps
LTE Ta r ge t s
 Cell- capacit y ( Cont rol plane) : 200 user per cell in 5MHz
 Peak dat a rat e
 DL: 300MBit / s
 UL: 75 MBit / s
 Cont rol plane lat ency: 50/ 100m s ( idle t o act ive)
 User Plane Lat ency: < 5m s ( unload condit ion)
 I nt erworking wit h UMTS, WCDMA, GSM/ EDGE
 Access t echnology:
 OFDMA in DL
 SC- FDMA in UL ( reduced PAPR)
 Basis ant enna configurat ion:
 eNB: Tx 1 t o 4; Rx ≥ 1
 UE: Tx = 1; Rx ≥ 2 (depending on UE category )
E- UTRA fr e que ncy ba nds
E- UTRA Uplink ( UL) D ow nlin k ( D L) UL- D L Ba nd D up le x
Ba nd e N ode B r e ce iv e e N ode B t r a nsm it se pa r a t ion M ode
UE t r a nsm it UE r e ce iv e
F UL_ low – F UL_ h ig h F DL_ low – F DL_ h ig h F DL_ low - F UL_ h ig h
UMTS band 1 1920 MHz – 1980 MHz 2110 MHz – 2170 MHz 130 MHz FDD
2 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz 20 MHz FDD
5 824 MHz – 849 MHz 869 MHz – 894MHz 20 MHz FDD
extension band 7 2500 MHz – 2570 MHz 2620 MHz – 2690 MHz 50 MHz FDD
9 1749.9MHz – 1784.9 MHz 1844.9MHz – 1879.9 MHz 60 MHz FDD
11 1427.9MH – 1452.9 MHz 1475.9MHz – 1500.9 MHz 23 MHz FDD

z
12 [ TBD] – [ TBD] [ TBD] – [ TBD] [ TBD] FDD
13 777 MHz – 787 MHz 746 MHz – 756 MHz 21 FDD
14 788 MHz – 798 MHz 758 MHz – 768 MHz 20 FDD
...
33 1900 MHz – 1920 MHz 1900 MHz – 1920 MHz N/ A TDD
39 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz N/ A TDD
40 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz N/ A TDD
Ba sic Tr a nsm ission Sche m e s
Tr a n sm ission
1 .4 M H z 3 MHz 5 MHz 1 0 MHz 1 5 MHz 2 0 MHz
Ba n dw idt h
Sa m plin g 15.36 23.04

1.92 MHz 3.84 MHz 7.68 MHz 30.72 MHz
Fr e qu e n cy MHz MHz
FFT Size 128 256 512 1024 1536 2048
# RBs 100
6 15 25 50 75
( 1 2 su bca r r ie r ) ( 110)
Fr a m e St r uct ur e Type 1
Fr a m e St r u ct u r e Type 1
one radio frame, Tf = 307200*TS = 10 ms
one slot, Tslot = 15360*TS = 0.5 ms
#0 #1 #2 #3 #18 #19
one subframe TS basic t im e unit corresponding

Transmission Time Interval t o sam pling frequency 30.72MHz
(TTI)= 1ms
fram e st ruct ure t ype 1 is applicable t o FDD ( frequency division
duplex) , full- duplex and half- duplex
Slot St r uct ur e
n or m a l cyclic pr e fix
160*TS 144*TS 144*TS 144*TS 144*TS 144*TS 144*TS
2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS
#0 #6
slot
normal cyclic prefix #1 normal cyclic prefix #2
e x t e n de d cyclic pr e fix , ∆f = 15 KHz

512*TS 512*TS 512*TS 512*TS 512*TS 512*TS
2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS 2048*TS
#0 #5
slot
extended cyclic prefix
Fr a m e St r uct ur e Type 2 : TD D
Special guard Special guard Uplink or

Downlink Uplink subframe for subframe or Downlink
subframe subframe DL to UL switch Downlink SF subframe
DL S UL UL/DL UL/DL DL S/DL UL/DL UL/DL UL/DL

#0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9
subframe special subframe:

1 ms DwPTS: DL pilot time slot
DL to UL switching shortend DL subframe
(3,8,9,10,11, or 12 OFDM symbols)
S reference signals, primary sync and control, PDSCH
#1 or #6
GP: Guard period
(1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10 OFDM symbols)
DwPTS UpPTS: UL pilot time slot

RS and
Control
SSS
PSS
GP UpPTS (1 or 2 OFDM symbols)

sounding reference or RACH
0 1 2
Fr a m e St r uct ur e Type 2 : TD D
Tx
DwPTS
UpPTS
UL Tx UL Tx
GP
DL
#2 #3
UL/DL switching
must be accomplished
path
delay
within the CP length
Rx (e.g. if path delay is zero)
DwPTS
UpPTS
UL Rx UL Rx
GP
DL
#2 #3
DwPTS
UpPTS
DL Tx DL Tx DL Tx DL Tx
GP
#0 #4 #5 #6
Tx
path
delay
Rx
DwPTS
UpPTS
DL Rx DL Rx DL Rx
GP
DL
#4 #5 #6
D w PTS, GP, UpPTS le ngt h
( in OFD M sym bols)
Norm al CP Ext ended CP
Form at
DwPTS GP UpPTS DwPTS GP UpPTS
8
0 3 10 3 666.7µs
฀ 200Km
1 9 4 8 3 1
1
2 10 3 9 2
3 11 2 10 1
4 12 1 3 7
5 3 9 8 2 2
6 9 3 9 1
2
7 10 2 - - -
8 11 1 - - -
Re sour ce Block s
resource block
N RB − 1
DL
7 OFDM symbols
DC all subframes
frame structure 1
normal cyclic prefix 12 subcarriers
∆f = 15 KHz
resource block 0
Physica l Cha nne ls
D ow nlink ( D L)
 Physical Broadcast Channel ( PBCH )
 Syst em I nform at ion ( Mast er I nform at ion Block
MI B) approx. every 40 m s
 Physical Downlink Cont rol Channel ( PD CCH )
 DL Cont rol I nform at ion Form at ( DCI - form at ) , DL-
grant s ( current TTI ) , UL- grant s ( + 4 TTI ) , uplink
power cont rol
 Physical DL Shared Channel ( PD SCH )
 DL t ransport blocks ( TBs) , DL Cont rol I nform at ion,
Syst em I nform at ion Block ( SI B) , Paging Channel
( PCH) , Mult icast Channel ( MCH)
 Physical Cont rol Form at I ndicat or Channel ( PCFI CH )
 locat ion of t he PDCCH
 Physical Hybrid ARQ I ndicat or Channel ( PH I CH )
 UL ACK/ NACK
 Physical Mult icast Channel ( PM CH )
Physica l Cha nne ls
Uplink ( UL)
 Physical Random Access Channel ( PRACH )
 UL t im ing est im at ion ( pat h delay) , UL
scheduling request ( SR)
 Physical Uplink Cont rol Channel ( PUCCH )
 Channel Qualit y I ndicat er ( CQI ) ,
Precoding Mat rix I ndicat or ( PMI ) , Rank
I ndicat or ( RI ) , ACK/ NACK, SR
 Physical Uplink Shared Channel ( PUSCH )
 UL TBs, ACK/ NACK, CQI , PMI , RI , SR
PH Y Signa ls
D ow n lin k
 Prim ary and Secondary Synchronizat ion Signal
 cell- search, DL- fram e synchr onizat ion, t im e, frequency, drift ,
 Cell- specific reference signals ( ant enna port 0 - 3) ,
ort hogonal ( non- overlapping) in t im e- frequency- dom ain
 MI MO channel est im at ion, fine frequency est im at ion, UL- CQI
est im at ion
 UE- specific reference signals
 im plicit signaling of DL- t ransm it beam form ing weight s
Uplin k
 Dem odulat on Reference Signal
 Sounding Reference Signal
 UL wideband CQI est im at ion
 Random - Access Sequence
 for UL t im ing synchr onizat ion
Ce ll- Spe cific Re fe r e nce Signa ls
Tx
Port 0
Tx
Port 0 Port 1
two antenna ports

(frame structure 1,
one antenna port normal cyclic prefix)
(frame structure 1,
normal cyclic prefix) reference signal 0
reference signal 1
reference signal 0
not used for transmission
on this antenna port
carrier frequency: 2.6GHz
LTE requirement pilot spacing in frequency
max speed: 350km/h coherence bandwidth B ≥ 6x15KHz
max Doppler frequency: 843Hz B ¼ 1 / (2 π τ)
Clarke's model ⇒delay spead τ :
coherence time: T > 9/(16π fm) τ ¼ 1 / (2 π B) =1.77µsec
slot approx. 3 OFDM symbols slot slot (¼ 54 smpls; corresp. to 531 meter )
Ce ll- Spe cific Re fe r e nce Signa ls
Tx
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
four antenna ports

(frame structure 1,
normal cyclic prefix)
reference signal 0
reference signal 1
reference signal 2
reference signal 3
not used for transmission

slot slot even slot odd slot even slot odd slot on this antenna port
D L t im e - fr e que ncy st r uct ur e
•DL payload on DL Shared Channel

•Primary synchronization signal
•Secondary synchronization signal
•Broadcast Channel
•DL Control Channel
•Reference signal
20MHz 30.72MHz
guard band
UL t im e - fr e que ncy st r uct ur e
demodulation
reference
signal (DRS)
frequency
sounding
reference
signal (SRS)
PUSCH
PUCCH
time / OFDM symbol number
PD SCH Tx
Channel Coding
Concatenation
Scrambling
Modulation
MAC HARQ Support
mentation
CB Seg-
CB CRC
TB CRC
PDU & Rate Matching
Turbo
CB
•HARQ hard buffer for S1,
P1, P2
• Subblock interleaver
•Rate Matcher, RVs
number of
Transport Blocks (TBs)
Layer
Mapping
P/S Sync
number of Signals CP Pulse to
number of
antennas
IFFT
streams Adding Shape DACs
Ref Frame
MIMO Signal Builder
Precoding
PD SCH Rx
Layer
ant enna port s Demapper
MIMO Detector
Rotator CP frame/RB
From Freq. Off. FFT
Removal demapper
ADCs sm ple drift
Measure- Channel Rotator

ments Estimation Samp.D. ot her CWs
Down- Fine
P/S-Sync
sampling Frequency
Processing
filter estimation
CB sementation:
CB Concate-
transition from
HARQ Support & Rate
Descrambling
OFDM wise to
Demodulator
processing
Decoder
CB CRC
MAC
TB CRC
Matching:
CB-wise
nation
Turbo
8 bit
•HARQ soft buffer for S1, P1,
Soft
PDU
P2,
•Subblock interleaver
•Soft-Combiner 8 bit, RVs
PUSCH Tx
CQI and/or PMI report
CQI <= 11 bit Length 32 32bit
block code
ACK RI
Channel
CB CRC
CQI and/or
Coding
control
Conv.
PMI report TS36.212Figure
Rate Matching
CQI > 11 bit 5.2.2-1
Data & Control
Scrambling
Modulation
Interleaving
Channel
Mux
Turbo Coding
Concatenation
MAC HARQ Support
mentation
Channel
CB Seg-
CB CRC
TB CRC
PDU & Rate Matching
CB
•HARQ hard buffer for S1,
P1, P2
• Subblock interleaver
•Rate Matcher, RVs
Demod. number of Transport Blocks (TBs)

Ref.
of different users
Signal
Transform RB Rotator Rotator

CP Pulse
Precoding Resource Samp. IFFT Adding
Freq.
Shape DAC
Mixed-Radix DFT Mapper Drift Cor.
to reduce PAPR Sound.

Ref.
Signal
PUSCH Rx
Frame
timing
From CP frame/RB
FFT
ADCs Removal Demapper
Multi-
Antenna
Measure- Receiver
ments Demod. Ref.
Channel Estimation
Tranform
Sounding Ref.
(De)Precoding
Processing
(mixed-Radix
DFT)
Rate DeMatching:
CB CRC Viterbi •Subblock interleaver
ACK RI
Block decoder
control
(32,11)
TS36.212Figure
5.2.2-1
OFDM- to CB-wise
CB Segmentation:
CB Concate-
HARQ Support & Rate
Descrambling
Transition from
Data & Control
demodulator
deinterleaver
Decoder
CB CRC
TB CRC
processing
Matching:
nation
Channel
Turbo
Demux
8.bit
•HARQ soft buffer for S1, P1,
Soft
MAC P2,
PDU •Subblock interleaver
D ow nlink Cont r ol I ndica t or For m a t
( D CI for m a t )
 D CI for m a t 0 is used for t he t ransm ission of UL- SCH assignm ent s
 D CI for m a t 1 is used for t he t ransm ission of DL-SCH assignm ent s
for single ant enna operat ion
 D CI for m a t 1 A is used for a com pact t ransm ission of DL-SCH
assignm ent s for single ant enna operat ion
 D CI for m a t 1 B is used t o support closed- loop single- rank
t ransm ission wit h possibly cont iguous resour ce allocat ion
 D CI for m a t 1 C is for downlink t ransm ission of paging, RACH
response and dynam ic BCCH scheduling
 D CI for m a t 2 is used for t he t ransm ission of DL-SCH assignm ent s
for MI MO operat ion
 D CI for m a t 3 is used for t he t ransm ission of TPC com m ands for
PUCCH and PUSCH wit h 2- bit power adj ust m ent s
 D CI for m a t 3 A is used for t he t ransm ission of TPC com m ands for
PUCCH and PUSCH wit h single bit power adj ust m ent s
PD CCH pr oce ssing cha in
ot her DCI s
CRC scrambling PDCCH
DCI CRC tail bit multiplexing
with RNTI / interleaver, <NIL>element
generation convolutional
(UE Tx port) rate-matching insertion
L=16 encoder, rate 1/3
specific
User specific ot her DL
ant enna
search space channels
port s 0,...,3
(aggregation level) layer mapping,
1-CCE (2x6attempts) sub-block interleaver pre-coding:
2-CCE (2x6attempts) Resource Mapper, single antenna
(on quadruples of modulated QPSK cell-specific
(mapping to RE groups) port or transmit
4-CCE (2x2attempts), time first – then frequency symbols), remove <NULL> modulation scrambling
elements diversity
8-CCE (2x2attempts)
Cell specific
search space
(aggregation level) FFT and equalizer,
4-CCE (2x4attempts) Resource demapper sub-block
IFFT and MIMO CP removal, MIMO detector,
8-CCE (2x2attempts) frequency and
(1-3 OFDM symbols, de-inter-
CP attachment channel (requires channel
timing correction according to CFI) leaver
estimation)
DCI
code bit extraction 44 blind decoding
CRC calculation rate- cell specific
Viterbi attempts (common- soft-
dematching, and UE-specific-
de-
decoder demodulator
CRC extraction deinterleaving search-space), scrambling
44 PDCCH
candidat es
XOR RNTI
skip som e decodes if RNTI is found
RNTI: radio network temporary identifier
PUCCH pr oce ssing cha in Tx
a ll for m a t s (2)
resource index nPUCCH
(2) determines cyclic shift α include demodulation
N RB cell reference signals for
Pseudo-Random ncs (ns , l )
format 2 (see below)
cinit = N ID
N cs(1) sequence generator
cell
nev er sim ult aneously wit h PUSCH modulation:

d(0),…d(19)
CQI , PMI , on QPSK spreading
12 sym bols
RI report ( 2) Block code for (BPSK) with
to map on CQI resource
< = 4bit Length 20 m apping UE specific 36.211, 7.1 “ d” sequence
20bit concatenation:
ru(,αv ) (n)
t o out er cell specific d(20), d(21)
•only CQI (2: 20 bit) RBs Resourcem
ACK/ NACK ( 1a,1b) •CQI + ACK/NACK according to
= 12 “ z”
1 or 2 bit scrambling 36.211, Table apper
(2a: 21 bit, 2b: 22bit) PUCCH
N seq (k,l,slot#)
5.4.2-1
t o m ap on ACK/ NACK resource
ACK/ NACK w/ o CQI or SR, IFFT
1a: d( 0) = 1,- 1
1b: d( 0) = 1,j ,- 1,- j CP attach
12 sym bols
spreading
for spreading
to map on SR resource with
m apping with
•w/o ACK/NACK (1);d(0)=1 orthogonal
sequence
ru(,αv ) (n)
t o in sequence
•w ACK/NACK RBs
d(0) = 1,-1 wnoc (i )
Scheduling
= 12 =4
request ( SR) d(0) = 1,j,-1,-j PUCCH PUCCH
( presence/ absence) N seq N SF
include demodulation
(1)
reference signals for
resource index nPUCCH format 1 (see below)
determines cyclic shift
and orthogonal sequence
PUCCH pr oce ssing Rx
for m a t 2 , 2 a , 2 b
(2)
determines cyclic shift α
form at 2,2a,2b
QPSK
( CQI ,PMI ,RI )

multiplication separate user m
hard demodulator
matched
IDFT length 12
with users
filtering UE specific
conjugate of according
ru(,αv ) (n)
with cell specific
to cyclic
tap M
shift in
= 12
coef. descrambling
PUCCH
N seq time-
vector
domain
CP Resource form at 1,1a,1b

removal de-mapper user m segmentation
ACK/ NCK w or w/ o SR
FFT (2048) (k,l,slot#) ( see next page)
SR
•w/o ACK/NACK (1);d(0)=1
•w ACK/NACK
multiplication channel estimation d(0) = 1,-1
with IDFT length 12 d(0) = 1,j,-1,-j
conjugate of separate users according
ru(,αv ) (n) to cyclic shift in time-
= 12
domain
PUCCH Block
N seq ACK/ NACK
tap M(<12) channel decoding
( 1a,1b)
coefficient vector (bit-level
matched
M depends on number filter)
(2)
of shifts in use
determines cyclic shift α CQI , PMI ,
RI report ( 2)
for m a t 1 (2)
( SR and ACK/ NACK)

form at 1,1a,1b
separate usere according to

orthogonal sequence
hard demodulator
matched
IDFT length 12
with users
despreading
ru(,αv ) (n)
with cell specific
to cyclic
tap M
shift in
= 12
coef. descrambling
PUCCH
N seq time-
vector
domain
Resource user m
CP de-mapper form at 2,2a,2b
removal (k,l,slot#) ( CQI ,PMI ,RI )
FFT (2048)
on SR channel
separate users according to orthogonal

resource estimation 1
cover sequence (despreading)

multiplication SR ACK/ NACK
IDFT length 12
with separate users

according to
channel estimation2
conjugate of
ru(,αv ) (n)
cyclic shift in
time-domain
PUCCH
N seq = 12 tap M(<12)
channel
coefficient vector
M depends on
resource (2)
index nPUCCH number of

shifts in use
for m a t 1 a , 1 b
( SR and ACK/ NACK)

(2)

form at 1,1a,1b
separate usere according to

orthogonal sequence
hard demodulator
matched
IDFT length 12
with users
despreading
ru(,αv ) (n)
with cell specific
to cyclic
tap M
shift in
= 12
coef. descrambling
PUCCH
N seq time-
vector
domain
Resource
CP de-mapper
(k,l,slot#) form at 2,2a,2b
removal
( CQI ,PMI ,RI ) user m
FFT (2048)
on channel
separate users according to orthogonal

ACK/NACK estimation 1
resource
cover sequence (despreading)

multiplication ACK/ NACK
IDFT length 12
with separate users

according to
channel estimation2
conjugate of
ru(,αv ) (n)
cyclic shift in
time-domain
PUCCH
N seq = 12 tap M(<12)
channel
coefficient vector
M depends on
resource (2)
index nPUCCH number of

shifts in use
D e m odula t ion r e fe r e nce signa ls
for PUCCH for m a t 2
(2)
(2)
N RB cell
Pseudo-Random ncs (ns , l )
cinit = N ID
N cs(1) sequence generator
cell
modulation:
d(0),…d(19)
spreading
12 sym bols
for on QPSK
with
m apping UE specific 36.211, 7.1
sequence
d(20), d(21)
ru(,αv ) (n)
t o out er cell specific
RBs according to Resourcem
input sequence for form at 1
= 12
scrambling 36.211, Table apper
PUCCH
5.4.2-1 N seq (k,l,slot#)
IFFT
for CP attach
12 sym bols
m apping spreading
spreading
t o in with
with
RBs orthogonal
sequence
ru(,αv ) (n)
input sequence for form at 2 sequence
wnoc (i )
PUCCH
N seq = 12 PUCCH
N SF =4
(1)
determines cyclic shift
and orthogonal sequence
PH I CH
( D L H ARQ)
Select ion depends on t he
index of t he first RB of
t he corresponding PUSCH
t ransm ission
Locat ion depends on t he
3 sym bols 12 sym bols index of t he first RB of
12 sym bols
3bit t he corresponding PUSCH
symbol level t ransm ission
ACK/ NACK 3x BPSK Spreading,
1 bit repetition (I or Q) length 4
orthogonal
sequence resource mapper,
super-position layer mapper PHICH group is
of different scrambling SISO or MIMO TD mapped to 3 groups
Max. 8 different ACK/NACKS of 4 REs
sequences
ot her FFT / CP
ACK/ NACK insertion
1 bit
MIMO
channel
ACK/ NACK
1 bit
matched filter resource CP
ot her length(12) descrambling MIMO detector
demapper removal/IFFT
ACK/ NACK
1 bit
PBCH
MI B
CRC attach ant enna PBCH carries important PHY information:

CRC mask config system bandwidth, number of transmit antennas,
PHICH configuration and system frame number,…
tail bit
interleaver, cell specific QPSK
convolutional scrambling
rate-matching scrambling modulation
encoder, rate 1/3
layer mapping for

MIMO IFFT resource precoding
single antenna or
channel CP inclusion mapping SFD
transmit diversity
fram e no
channel est im at es
0,1,2,3
soft
CP removel Equalization rate matching
demodulator Viterbi decoder
FFT (SISO, MISO, or TD) buffer
(QPSK)
MI B
After successful reception of code bit

PBCH, UE can read D-BCH in extraction, CRC
m asked computation
PDSCH (including PCFICH and ant enna XOR CRC
PDCCH) which carries system config
information not including in PBCH CRC extaction
m ask
PRACH
RACH sequence ext ends over several slot s
Zadoff- Chu sequence ( L= 839) ,
select ec from set of 64 sequences) , Zero IDFT of Upsampling Rotator, CP inclusion
different root - sequences or different padding length by 24, frequency (3168, 21024,
cy clic shift s, Creat e in 839 sequence in
frequency dom ain
to 1024 1024 LP filtering shift 6240)
UL Tx signal in t im e dom ain: add to OFDM

possible cell specific frame in time
PUSCH, PUCCH,DRS,SRS,
root - sequences,( conj ugat e) domain
including CP
phase rotation,
decimation LP filter
Multiplication DFT 1024 (mixing,frequency Channel
1/24 1/24
shift to DC)
correlation (convolution) in time domain

replaced by multiplication in frequency domain
IDFT 1024 RACH sequence, associat ed t im ing- advance

Peak dection,
(results in
path delay
change of
estimation
sampling rate)
RACH sequence, associat ed t im ing- advance
PCFI CH
D L Cont r ol For m a t
power cont rol cell I D
2 bit s resource
scambling
precoding mapper
block code cell and modulator layer power FFT / CP
SISO or (4 blocks of
L=16 subframe QPSK mapping boosting insertion
Tx diversity 4REs = 1RE
dependent
group)
MIMO
channel
num ber of
CP
OFDM sym bols block MIMO resource
reserve for cont rol descrambling demodulator
detection demap
removalII
detection
1,2,3 FFT
Ra t e m a t ch in g a n d H ARQ pr oce ssin g
write-in row-wise sub-block

interleaver
systematic
parity 1
RV1
parity 2
S1
RV0
column permutation
read-out column-wise S1
P1 RV2
P2
MUX
P1/P2
RV3
H ARQ t im ing
UE Ca t e gor ie s
 synchronous HARQ in UL, ACK/ NACK in 4 TTI aft er UL recept ion,
re- t ransm ission ( UL) in 8 TTI aft er init ial t ransm ission, t ot al of 8 HARQ processes
 asynchronous HARQ in D L, ACK/ NACK in 4 TTI aft er DL recept ion, ret ransm ission
wit h DL scheduling grant , t ot al num ber of 8 HARQ processes
D ow n lin k ph y sica l la y e r pa r a m e t e r v a lu e s se t by UE Ca t e gor y

M a x im um num be r of D L- SCH M a x im um num be r of b it s Tot a l num b e r M a x im um num be r of
UE Ca t e gor y t r a nsp or t block b it s r e ce iv e d of a D L- SCH t r a nspor t of soft support e d la y e r s for
w it hin a TTI block r e ce iv e d w it hin a TTI cha nne l bit s spa t ia l m ult iple x ing in D L
Cat egory 1 10296 10296 250368 1

Cat egory 2 51024 51024 1237248 2
Cat egory 3 102048 75376 1237248 2
Cat egory 4 150752 75376 1827072 2
Cat egory 5 302752 151376 3667200 4
Uplin k ph y sica l la y e r pa r a m e t e r v a lu e s se t by UE Ca t e gor y
UE M a x im u m n u m be r of bit s of a n UL- SCH Su ppor t for 6 4 QAM in UL
Ca t e gor y t r a n spor t block t r a n sm it t e d w it h in a TTI
Cat egory 1 5160 No
Cat egory 2 25456 No
≈ 8HARQ buffer
Cat egory 3 51024 No
Cat egory 4 51024 No x(3(S1,P1,P2)x10296+
12(termination))
Cat egory 5 75376 Yes
UE Ca t e gor ie s
TD D :
D L gr a n t s a n d ACK/ N ACK r e por t in g
 FD D : only one DL ( and one UL) grant per TTI .

Corresponding DL TBs need t o be ACK/ NACK 4 TTI s
aft er recept ion ( 1 or 2 bit s) .
 TD D : ACK/ NACK required for det ect ed PDSCH and for

DL SPS release on PDCCH.
 TD D : usually one DL grant ( but up t o 2 DL grant s, in

special case of UL- DL config. 0) can be received
wit hin one TTI .
TD D ACK/ N ACK
Re ca ll: Fr a m e St r u ct u r e Type 2 : TD D
Special guard Special guard Uplink or
Downlink Uplink subframe for subframe or Downlink
subframe subframe DL to UL switch Downlink SF subframe
DL S UL UL/DL UL/DL DL S/DL UL/DL UL/DL UL/DL

#0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9
subframe special subframe:

1 ms DwPTS: DL pilot time slot
DL to UL switching shortend DL subframe
(3,8,9,10,11, or 12 OFDM symbols)
S reference signals, primary sync and control, PDSCH
#1 or #6
GP: Guard period
(1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10 OFDM symbols)
DwPTS UpPTS: UL pilot time slot

RS and
Control
SSS
PSS
GP UpPTS (1 or 2 OFDM symbols)

sounding reference or RACH
0 1 2
TD D : UE ACK/ N ACK pr oce dur e
( PUSCH t r a nsm ission a nd PH I CH r e ce pt ion)
UE Rx Perspective UE Tx Perspective
•ACK/NACK received on PHICH •for UL transmission in subframe i,
in subframe i •ACK/NACK received on PHICH in subframe
•for UL transmission in subframe i - k, i + k, where the values for k are given in
where the values for k are given in the table.
the table.
k for TDD configurartion 0-6 k for TDD configurartion 0-6
TDD UL/DL subframe number i TDD UL/DL subframe number i
Configuration Configuration
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 6,7 4 6,7 4 0 4 7 6 4 7 6
1 4 6 4 6 1 4 6 4 6
2 6 6 2 6 6
3 6 6 6 3 6 6 6
4 6 6 4 6 6
5 6 5 6
6 6 4 7 4 6 6 4 6 6 4 7
D L cont r ol issue s in TD D D L H ARQ
UE Rx Perspective UE Tx Perspective
•reception of PDSCH in subframe n •ACK/NACK on PUSCH or PUCCH in subframe n
•ACK/NACK on PUSCH or PUCCH in •for reception of PDSCH insubframe n - k
subframe n + k
k for TDD configurartion 0-6 k for TDD configurartion 0-6

TDD DL subframe number n TDD DL subframe number n
UL/DL UL/DL
Config. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Config.
0 4 6 4 6 0 6 4 6 4
1 7 6 4 7 6 4 1 7,6 4 7,6 4
2 7 6 4 8 7 6 4 8 2 8,7,4,6 8,7,4,6
3 4 11 7 6 6 5 5 3 7,6,11 6,5 5,4
4 12 11 8 7 7 6 5 4 4 12,8,7,11 6,5,4,7
5 12 11 9 8 7 6 5 4 13 5 13,12,9,8,7,5,4,11
6 7 7 7 7 5 6 7 7 5 7 7
Multiple ACK/NACK in one subframe:

Requieres ACK/NACK bundling (logical AND of codewords) or ACK/NACK multiplexing.
TD D : D ow nlink Assignm e nt I nde x D AI
t o pr e ve n t ACK/ N ACK e r r or s due t o bun dlin g
k‘ for TDD configurartion 0-6 and DAI in DCI format 0 (UL assignments)
TDD DL subframe number n
UL/DL
Config. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 DAI 6 4 DAI 6 4
•DAI indicates the number of subframes with
1 DAI 6 4 DAI DAI 6 4 DAI
PDSCH receptions and SPS releases detected
2 4 DAI 4 DAI
within n-k and n (k 2 K) that need to be bundeled in
3 DAI 4 4 4 DAI DAI
the UL ACK/NACK signaling.
4 4 4 DAI DAI
•DAI is used only for TDD
5 4 DAI
6 DAI DAI 7 7 5 DAI DAI 7 7 DAI
k for TDD configurartion 0-6 and DAI in DCI formats 1/1A/1B/1D/2/2A (DL)
TDD DL subframe number n
UL/DL
Config. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 DAI DAI 6 4 DAI DAI 6 4 DAI Number of subframes

MSB, UL DL with PDSCH
1 DAI 7,6 4 DAI DAI 7,6 4 DAI VDAI or V DAI
LSB transmission
2 8,7,4,6 DAI 8,7,4,6 DAI
0,0 1 1 or 5 or 9
3 DAI 7,6,11 6,5 5,4 DAI DAI
0,1 2 2 or 6
4 12,8,7,11 6,5,4,7 DAI DAI
5 13,12,9,8,7,5,4,11 DAI 1,0 3 3 or 7

6 DAI DAI 7 7 5 DAI DAI 7 7 DAI 1,1 4 0 or 4 or 8
End of Part 1
Thank you! ! !
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LTE Tutorial Part 1 LTE Basics

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M a r iu s Pe sa ve nt o - m arius.pesavent o@m im oOn.

 HSPA evolut ion

5 824 MHz – 849 MHz 869 MHz – 894MHz 20 MHz FDD

9 1749.9MHz – 1784.9 MHz 1844.9MHz – 1879.9 MHz 60 MHz FDD

11 1427.9MH – 1452.9 MHz 1475.9MHz – 1500.9 MHz 23 MHz FDD

13 777 MHz – 787 MHz 746 MHz – 756 MHz 21 FDD

14 788 MHz – 798 MHz 758 MHz – 768 MHz 20 FDD

34 2010 MHz – 2025 MHz 2010 MHz – 2025 MHz N/ A TDD

35 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz N/ A TDD

36 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz N/ A TDD

37 1910 MHz – 1930 MHz 1910 MHz – 1930 MHz N/ A TDD

38 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz N/ A TDD

39 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz N/ A TDD

40 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz N/ A TDD

Sa m plin g 15.36 23.04

FFT Size 128 256 512 1024 1536 2048

one slot, Tslot = 15360*TS = 0.5 ms

one subframe TS basic t im e unit corresponding

e x t e n de d cyclic pr e fix , ∆f = 15 KHz

Special guard Special guard Uplink or

one radio frame, Tf = 307200*TS = 10 ms

DL S UL UL/DL UL/DL DL S/DL UL/DL UL/DL UL/DL

subframe special subframe:

DwPTS UpPTS: UL pilot time slot

GP UpPTS (1 or 2 OFDM symbols)

two antenna ports

four antenna ports

not used for transmission

•DL payload on DL Shared Channel

time / OFDM symbol number

PDU & Rate Matching

Measure- Channel Rotator

Data & Control

PDU & Rate Matching

Demod. number of Transport Blocks (TBs)

Transform RB Rotator Rotator

to reduce PAPR Sound.

HARQ Support & Rate

Data & Control

nev er sim ult aneously wit h PUSCH modulation:

( CQI ,PMI ,RI )

CP Resource form at 1,1a,1b

( SR and ACK/ NACK)

separate usere according to

separate users according to orthogonal

cover sequence (despreading)

with separate users

determines cyclic shift α

( SR and ACK/ NACK)

determines cyclic shift α

separate usere according to

separate users according to orthogonal

cover sequence (despreading)

with separate users

determines cyclic shift α

CRC attach ant enna PBCH carries important PHY information:

layer mapping for

After successful reception of code bit

UL Tx signal in t im e dom ain: add to OFDM

correlation (convolution) in time domain

IDFT 1024 RACH sequence, associat ed t im ing- advance

write-in row-wise sub-block

D ow n lin k ph y sica l la y e r pa r a m e t e r v a lu e s se t by UE Ca t e gor y

Cat egory 1 10296 10296 250368 1