Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AUNA Lessons 46
AUNA Lessons 46
I65>0,5
(<(NN*-'//(&NG2*>41<59(,=(-=(LLK9N47.=H017LMOKL+/1)6>LN(N>07&1OJFJ
-(7*L0K.+J085)53:=>=6%KI5<F36O6H54JLIM-<L;NK7O+<GO/80H;O-ON
(2G.:
%;<63)M3+L+')92))4IG,,G1+*8674JGIMF-9.=(,
<5G1+%9,./M)L58:1O+O6,9=*+G,<9:*.9
<5FO3':(%90FI8NL)GM8<
1N73O(;2HM+:0-(,42*L1%JN67:L;:F8);81K.6)H+6+.(
M<=.3:N.-(4
L'4G<HK0.I2<'=-40<*MHI;=K;58)86<=8GF1KGOO8,%F)FKF7L.;=1:%+03.;/3NK*
8)&K&K:*)==+NO-IH83>;*2MJ+('2+3K61=47&(M+L)1'OKGNH>4.+I-0J-.(M-;
0.(N,6
&J/<;0+L*&O
M/NJ3GK82+K<-(I&7:O*H
,0I1<KH-*1O:0<FHMN'9>N7*O)GO&)2H/2K08&=(3>/5M;-K*>&N(9G)-+2NM9'G
N'K6)I1>F<><=9;
+>I.9>,/'7=LF0&JO*738&*G&;/4HI>K>,MG*<MH%<.1)H.
5(75..91L2,%6<*=9ON
I-F0>7K*I<;N+377%>N7+5L=(&.KG
8<&J%)6:.6(,535=:&'=<2/&*L5F;-478+0F4KNK<IHK/8N
5+36><K/N;02-<H4>24M(37(<:4NJ1..0J>6/-8J0J0)J/32'<-+8.->F
%&+
GML8G-*G)GO=%4L%F)'*JN3;44F467OI(7FF/3I-OI-/LJ0'=79.-:96'5K>/
J7&O68N=L50;5;.0'>063/G2-.84NJ&KJ
5-9GN
H.7;8OGF%I:=;,NJ1&2N40*
14FFOMLL:,K7<,.<%+8N3H;*2,L1H>NG9.(,:=*)H6
8%**L08)M/:G92/28F'KO;M<-64'&9,-2**4F':88
OMF)5504-.11649=9
68I;,O/M/K/7)&=:*3N4HJ*,O66F7OL%48),25&6*LM/K;32/-7M51
>))2(,0O>2&01'477F09
0F89-9,>*,.*MOG10.,.6:,0G*;,;>=:,
=.'+2JK40O2%,-&F*33)>-O1F
/97F.J05
=1:I/%;)=H09)GN.*H%+*G)GF0+9FH0&-FO<O:6'9.68,M))9*9<)N=3G9,G+KF%I/
008&16%
4JF5:.49(L*F08
LH>
1'G(*,J6N(>
1M+(
.GG9I/+:8H90950N9M00%%86;9+(&J&G80NG8;,HF:*+'O09L1H3&8)+5F,)-&';
N;<HM3K+3=<'42K:/.5=L8F5&4M'F3N22.<F.J,'',:1K0LJ<&)-G=;1KM*G)>/
:2=I7'>;9FGJL>O/'50N61
:;(H*;7=LF+O*0O';)'+9./'6,1*
./F;K8L7=1L:FL-J
7;M,N)I*K'5M':&G:%-:*H13/5(J45
>F0/%I926F)8%.:
(4;'4OK6*/5M11HH5LJ7%1>7(G2I9J
N.24G%OI=,LG5KML&5
G08,1)7==7FOFI04J>I+5-<&/+I>9/:1K5G%7H30>+F7J<7N;/5-G'8IN45=H<:+KI*:
:7I>0>L.KM:K:,F6:
(O7LLNG.1/+LF=J0G6(7
0>:3+OI*-93J*%3O
,N47LI4F,J>&6&+1:73O,6J<-%9
08&NM3O336*:
';G<'MLO59>/5L,:+.
I9<2OLIL8,'&.>K.8<
4/4H3N3%FJ2+(O%-6M&8';7M+)JF<<O46IM%4,8L*G>7M:&O*,(':ML51L<,>I
81%%I<.&(FNGJ=9)>0%&):2K&.0)-111)35'O(-,87L*01M<'&06'95/+./,
;%*M89F/)&IM3%M*N'1)*;*N;>L,'J5>:97%/
+4.<KH14+7II7/=MJ:;J&=,+/</3910%:LFG:737=N+*:/L5:K5:
&/4%7++JI
.3<9.:I=%I9725.J85K%GK::=J/,
JH6N+'4NH9
/*5/G4G4=K==F)./&GH.:&%NO>.I
7(;/84
)-;/)%;37
KH<0.&/4-1MJ51H(
;):M=2,M%=83+/I=K(4>:
+&'7<716933
8-&-%0:2M&,/8)-N:1>(I3*7>>.MK:KO753'G01/F%-7-..I4K'<8M58NI/)3;FH7(
8H=35>78'8<+-858>0K=%25
4++NLFF;20=HH
F:JN*J6:1,FLL)F2.M*NH'2:+)+9*GK'8>O35/*>'5
38=<=
H-H3):9F7&;6<M04)<K7*(NG%9M<5&./.O46JKI=O)F+>45&-'1,5
M7868%L
I>:3&'J&O.K9G0I>GF2;</KM
&L):J./5%(./N&>.*21+<-KF:181J(-/=K<<<76;,/NH1HMN0/6&544L8J37N,%'F
=-FGM6I9
.60)7JK2.=8:,
8L8L0=(6%1I>5%%),+*66)>:K-6<F>O-5-=G78*G>7H%LLK6J4J1>=N50IH%&9
2M,7;FJ5>.-J&H(2<'9+,F7867,&6820&F,*>/F=1),+;&LIJH-NJ95-0%MI.%)K)4(OL4
:,+;5=44M601GJIM9-/,,M8
%25<7=I/
<JF11G(3.58HLOF.*(=FM-6JO+-;)K*5KIM
M'5L/K1N.)M);%-K
L1J*6+6KJL-36HMI8;4G63MLG'G..6%3G/38H61
LL3N9L<*)=II;N0')J.1'FL&
>8:G>'=I'J+8HG6):,&FL:56/H/3<FJ<HI%5KI3*>HG*'GMJ):F';11H4GIF&
I1&H)2;*1-<'8F>7L8&3M00*.7&H75H&><+0),H<G;H(72:0KM:0*G8HGJ0*26
=*%J(5>M(9>/JIO3L2L./52GG,;6795:7/9:*G:36=:1=:.1:MM>03)6%+M;+I
6<7/*570&=8K=*O))/94(26IN9()&%.-F1/H6,(&M
JGJ09JK=L-)<=/6%>)'4(O8
%<8+2O(*NK9557,1:/8:2J((>8)2G)&;,HF4
8+>05M3J4594L
(91O:;1892(00=)L6O3&H'1&>/*9M>OM=6K2).L9-H0,I3JHO.<F.
J6(/7G2N::8G):)K&K8>N=L:2&*=K0:(%-O:
)KN(2,+7G&(K'(.>);%F6OL.O'K+O-7=&-H,(H)/*(-8.J
>/>'=+</*O--JJ=:
;8J<7).(L1;=F>)O4/MNJ2
H''
M'.+F6J%F
2=N/9L5LK6J./L1>:<*
.L6.=81(O9.L7
5H1
&4H=/%:84,<<N+)K'H.,K0=54F5,'67
I6M9.J.MF08J>H%1>3-KI6)//09+<*/J:I*'F*'7;50H-47K6)%*J,1/19
<94J1/M513F0&/3K4JHK:).,*44F=
<'%L.%2<'07M<9%*N8'+5*MG;&N-*<0'J(F5/:-H55<G9N<G,:M+27NK;-N/9L8N4('N
4.:/-<F0;5;:M/>(,N-)'%:<4=%G,8'69
K<60JJH7;,4)>O(>8GH&5&:
.HN0<I:(%L7-8>OO,>8=-O4FLN5*H3(+J')4)L&N11,+;4IM=0*.9J:-*'<(6J10
>J&*J;-:K
H98(J'3,(OK.LN+*3I/)(4FH62+&7;995'-*2G31+=KH'G.K-:'KNK7J>:G6>
5=2-;%8'G01I*<M73;6;0(27=;7&
.9H+=K=*H0>>/(31=3-7F+&-
:GFM-9<4O;LN1&M)F-=J>+NN4-
1G=J3,7-H4%,(-:>2NM/N<J;>65;34
4:'>'H'-(5GJ0MK*H
;%I
87N:8-JF5
8I)FII8)6)('89&J%-60N4NJ4*M>.(<,/6:H1N77N/5*J3G5L61L%=)7(%,9M51K9M7N
'MKH6HN28&+N6.HM>5.L;G3FOKLM;7/56<N4MG
O3&9=7K%-4.F9=F4
H+=%49>3
3/NIM,ML)')
NM=M8G%G7-/3*I6,+LF&<9
(HG)%H7G'6F+I68&;'24)/J%121,=.65;=,I:J<1H*M5H:.4'7'.9J3J/&<./*
1:6):<I'0+>%M=&<*G9K4)38;,*7/8;<12L>;FM-/-I0J(7;24<O%&2O1G:I6',H
2KN87N-,'N;47K('0>%MN5&,L,*G-<JK-3(4+=7((4
8GF*LL66JL-6J5-F>7::O-4G,G*3.-.FF73<G;L4:<H9J:G1>:*'7105+2N5&JGO
>OH-(>'>=(O9O5-O+2<9'2F3M-3:(J(9KI43HO29*'I)G<I'38=/-48,-J<J>53N(1
60&HN9H.)=O9409L=&/F9,;)==2
,1.%:)JL3>&(KO+L=03I7O0M%5
JL+*8L6,0L8&8M>
G3)O8>:O8/1N'*'I(<,.51N<1FHG&11;
K9
9:%.;9%=3>1'2=3N,+:I1)MO8677(H1OL;'+/:1*
OG(4>%;L>2*)'1O3G*93,FOLL018+844)>%I+HM.F+HJG46)5<*F32L:=:/),9L+6;
<:;:<>*HI01*O1KF6L4<0606IJ1*3<O)=
H;/+K3%9+&14'K('N)9*G/,/27NF5,FJ>-2)I3.;021JF6675L0O:M3IO
=K8HNO(H*76H
746N94(1-I%N
K-2>'/=3=:6,N72
,F1I6+/K7M
%-4%20*3)L.F5+K9='(H*I&7FIK9.-9I=O07I'0;7-H++G767-K+>K'*2(JH+L&:->
6JN*/M>>7O5
8'0L4HF;,J9M(6JG.F1M/:.F&2I6.)+L;N-N-N:<'>
J56%O6;OHJ9F+O0:6%&=*/NMN90FM-)F/GN,+JF+)(69KL&(G>
<07%3N%5;
GH+H;%HGN>7FO-&14(J;&;:L333F>
M&M9)5IG0FN78JL%.MOO1+34GK%&*H,'&;1K*%4=(')<6:7N&0O51.+05%)JH;
+.9&F8=O-/9I02OIF'0NNL9+I7065+)(LJ&KOG((F'
&K4%M-J+M;,ML92+9%21HF,NK>OG(>8MNI<&G6;LNO+%LOG>+1.'8(0;9'-2O
G/-,NN+JOL1'G-2HL4-J8N<*25NIGH9&6+1KGJ'NL<;8./=JJG%32+:H0%M.7
1.%)=,J2.3,
H8'&(0F:MG,:'5&OLMMOL11M(0::JG&%)
%.O=<020,953LG<0%4O91O./%F'9-L3H<8&MO.;8=*0)&5)2&I4(O2O7*K8/F
()<.;'K+1',N:F9/I5+;2,*17&N3</7:0:,I,ML63FN3<HII./8%GJ'7O0/;.O85(7H,I260
1:OJ))*N>
J(K5,77+LK-G=.&83L=M/*
*I:ML(<'14&G
K&3%*OJ38IIO>1/M09
7,5%N(I()487:H<+O.;:-8LJ-GI,M7%1
0N<N=89;&0,
G7F;,5)4;1>.)(;8%0>;JH40(J;2M>K<7L5'7K3K(M-O8;7GN'4&0.<%L/8%
NK:56'G4ML<=21O=:-O:*0(JN%K.505K49:/'
:9&>24%LO8NLJ+O1-68H*=H23*JL*52<<+K;6%1GI&=L&+80LKM&J:,L12
+N3L6)(*=NMH(+&/:5><OG5ML3;OK6%&&
L1+-HJK3)6')02*(*<7L:68K97OF7G5F=&/%;>)H=&MH
J5J-31;6+,=+L<*LFIH>
(H>,O)H'%&&5
KGL9KG%G.+K3+&(:-(/GFKL+H=/5-,
8217J&0<:'1'.>5L(
/835./N,'7)(0%>
N:O4
=G(-/(03+<O>:I,*2;)F:0)H4O'L4=%65,F3H=:JFGGOJ4L<H6(=I<
(&5.36,J'6FI04,)I8,HN.4/5O&LL1:9F%O*H:8>H->98>6(M80-/4)(8O8O
++2JII.<73
NIJ<
)*8)1L%;
)'%=3I;933(2(G-61,H-91194&)G:G581>:
FM'0:/K/F<*0GLN=%1<*:FI26HJ<H9+,/)411'%3')H=26;F5N
)O
;(:1;O20G13<*+KLJ4==H(:.O/+:N,2,H3:'H7>'<(
=K+G-2:OM04+<=543=>N3&4.6=/N,N)1/4'(,&7638H,9%0:.)%,I&-L;NK*F
52*GG.+=)-3=N8(7L3I,J<9(4&K;:6*+HKL7G6+M6L;
.&NOF0<:.=&
)G5.>2&MKKF*9%L
<+M.IJ,O9H/:K/>3IHOJ+4G,5K4O-
4>:O5706131