WebAsha Technologies:

OS-troubleshooting:

Booting process of Linux:

1- POST => power on self test

2- BIOS => Basic Input Output system
3- MBR => Master Boot Record
4- Grub2=> Grand Unified Boot loader
A- Kernel ====> vmlinuz
B- initramfs.img
5- systemd/init
6- targets/runlevel
7- login mode

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How to troubleshoot OS during boot issues:

Task1- How to reinstall kernel using rescue kernal?

Task2- How to reinstall kernel using rescue mode?
Task3- How to repair initramfs.img using rescue mode?
Task4- How to reinstall Grub2 boot loader using rescue mode?
Task5- How to remove ctrl+D error during boot time
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Task1-
1- Boot from Rescue kernal
2- install kernal and kernel-core
# cd /redhadvd/BaseOS/Package
#rpm -ivh kernal... --force
#rpm -ivh kernal-core... --force
3- repair Grub2 configration file
# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
# reboot

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Task2-

1- Reboot machine with bios setting

2- Insert bootable media
3- Boot from the media and Go to rescue mode
4- troubleshooting (or) press "Esc" type linux rescue
5- select "rescue a RHEL system"
6- press 1 to continue
7- press 'enter' key to go into shell:
8- bash-5.1# chroot /mnt/sysroot
9- bash-5.1#cd /boot
10 bash-5.1#lsblk ===> find the cd drive
11 bash-5.1#mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
12 bash-5.1# cd /mnt/BaseOS/Packages
13 bash-5.1# rpm -ivh kernal...(tab) --force
14 bash-5.1# rpm -ivh kernal-core...(tab) --force
15 bash-5.1# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
16 bash-5.1# exit & exit
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Task3- initramfs.img is missing

1- Reboot machine with bios setting

2- Insert bootable media
3- Boot from the media and Go to rescue mode
4- troubleshooting (or) press "Esc" type linux rescue
5- select "rescue a RHEL system"
6- press 1 to continue
7- press 'enter' key to go into shell:
8- sh-5.1# chroot /mnt/sysroot
9- bash-5.1#cd /boot
10 bash-5.1# mkinitrd initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r)
Note: In rhel-9, please use 'dracut' command in place of
'mkinitrd'
11 bash-5.1# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
12 bash-5.1# exit & exit
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Task4- grub file is missing

1- Reboot machine with bios setting

2- Insert bootable media
3- Boot from the media and Go to rescue mode
4- troubleshooting (or) press "Esc" type linux rescue
5- select "rescue a RHEL system"
6- press 1 to continue
7- press 'enter' key to go into shell:
8- bash-5.1# chroot /mnt/sysroot
9- bash-5.1# grub2-install /dev/sda
10 bash-5.1# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
11 bash-5.1# exit & exit

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Task5- Ctrl + D

error==> ctrl + D (root passwd)

#vim /etc/fstab
remove the entry of mount drive not available.
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