DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.

ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

GE MATH 1 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

STUDY GUIDE
Unit 2: Mathematics as a Tool
Lesson 4: Data Management

Introduction

Welcome, BSIT students! In today's lesson, we will embark on an exciting journey into the
world of data management and statistical tools—a field that is foundational to your
understanding of how data is processed, analyzed, and used to make informed decisions.
As aspiring IT professionals, mastering these skills will empower you to navigate the ever-
expanding landscape of data-driven technologies and contribute to real-world applications
across various industries.

Why Data Management Matters in Decision-Making

Before we dive into statistical tools, let's understand the essence of data management and
its significance in decision-making processes. Data management involves the collection,
organization, and manipulation of information to extract valuable insights. In today's data-
driven world, organizations heavily rely on data to drive critical decisions, optimize
operations, and gain a competitive advantage.

Whether it's a tech giant analyzing user behavior to improve their platform's user
experience or a healthcare provider assessing patient outcomes to enhance treatment
plans, data management is at the core of driving impactful decisions.

As we conclude this introduction to data management and statistical tools, it is essential

to recognize the critical role these skills play in your journey as IT professionals. The ability
to process and analyze numerical data using statistical tools, perform linear regression,
and assess correlations will set you apart as competent problem solvers and decision-
makers in the data-driven world.

We hope you find this course enriching and enjoyable. Let's embark on this learning
adventure together and unlock the potential of data management and statistical analysis
in making informed and impactful decisions. Happy learning!

1. How data-driven decision making has become a crucial aspect of various industries?

2. What are the primary statistical tools and how are they utilized in data processing and
management?

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 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

3. How can linear regression and correlation analysis aid in making predictions and
understanding relationships between variables?

Learning Objectives

LO1: Explain fundamental principles, concepts, and evolution of computing systems as

they relate to different fields.

LO2: Expound on the recent developments in different computing knowledge areas.

Intended Learning Outcomes

Use a variety of statistical tools to process and manage numerical data.

Use the methods of linear regression and correlations to predict the value of a
variable given certain conditions.

Advocate the use of statistical data in making important decisions.

Key Concepts

Exploring Statistical Tools

As you embark on your data management journey, it is crucial to familiarize yourselves

with the arsenal of statistical tools at your disposal. These tools are essential for effectively
processing and managing numerical data. Let's take a closer look at some of the common
statistical tools we will be exploring in this course:

Mean, Median, and Mode: These measures of central tendency provide valuable insights
into the average, middle, and most frequently occurring values in a dataset, respectively.

Standard Deviation: The standard deviation measures the amount of variation or

dispersion in a dataset. It helps us understand how spread out the data points are around
the mean.

Percentiles and Quartiles: Percentiles divide a dataset into equal intervals, allowing us
to compare data points to the rest of the distribution. Quartiles, a specific type of
percentiles, divide the data into four equal parts.

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 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

Histograms and Frequency Distributions: Histograms visually represent the frequency

distribution of a dataset, displaying the frequency of each data range or bin.

Box Plots: Box plots, also known as box-and-whisker plots, provide a graphical summary
of the distribution of data, including the median, quartiles, and outliers.

Data Processing and Management Example

Now, let's put theory into practice with an example. Imagine we have a dataset of students'
exam scores. By utilizing measures of central tendency like the mean and median, we can
determine the average and middle scores, respectively. Additionally, the standard
deviation will help us gauge how the scores deviate from the mean. Constructing a
histogram will provide us with a visual representation of how the scores are distributed
among different ranges.

Linear Regression: Predicting Variable Values

Linear regression is a powerful predictive analysis method that forms the basis for many
data-driven applications. It allows us to establish relationships between variables and
predict the value of one variable based on the values of others. Through the equation of
a straight line (y = mx + b), where 'y' is the dependent variable, 'x' is the independent
variable, 'm' is the slope, and 'b' is the y-intercept, we can make predictions.

Linear Regression Example

Consider a dataset containing house prices and their corresponding areas. By performing
linear regression, we can predict the price of a house based on its area. The regression
coefficients (slope and y-intercept) will enable us to understand the relationship between
the variables. Evaluating the model's accuracy will help us determine how well the
regression line fits the data.

Understanding Correlation Analysis

Correlation analysis is a fundamental statistical technique for exploring relationships

between variables. It enables us to determine the strength and direction of the association
between two variables. The correlation coefficient (Pearson's r) ranges from -1 to 1, with
-1 representing a perfect negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation, and 1
representing a perfect positive correlation.

Correlation Analysis Example

Let's analyze the correlation between study hours and exam scores using a provided
dataset. The correlation results will give us insights into how closely the two variables are
related. This information can be crucial for educators and students seeking to optimize
study habits and performance.

The Power of Data-Driven Decision Making

In the modern era, data-driven decision making has revolutionized industries, from
healthcare and finance to marketing and technology. Harnessing the potential of statistical
data empowers organizations to make informed choices backed by evidence, leading to
improved efficiency, cost reduction, and enhanced customer experiences.

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 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

Advocating for Data-Driven Decision Making

Throughout this course, we will explore the benefits of embracing statistical data to drive
decision making. We will highlight real-world examples where data-driven approaches
have resulted in successful outcomes, as well as address the potential challenges and
biases that may arise during data analysis.

As a BSIT Student:

After learning the lesson, BSIT students can emerge from their journey with a deep
appreciation for the importance of studying Data Management. They will realize that it
is not just about crunching numbers and analyzing figures. It is about harnessing the
power of data to shape a better future, create smarter solutions, and leave a lasting
legacy in the realm of technology.

Armed with their newfound knowledge, the BSIT students set forth into the world, eager
to apply their data management skills and embark on a career that would define the
next chapter in the digital revolution. Their journey had just begun, but they knew that
with data as their ally and statistical tools as their compass, they were destined to
conquer the ever-expanding horizons of the IT world and leave an indelible mark on the
sands of time.

Additional Learning Resources

Visit this link to understand more about Linear Regression:

https://rb.gy/9zae7

Study Questions

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 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

 What is Linear Regression, and how does it work?

 What are the assumptions of Linear Regression, and how do they impact its
validity?

 How do you evaluate the performance of a Linear Regression model?

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 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
ACSCU-ACI ACCREDITED
Juan dela Cruz St., Toril, Davao City

Learning Activities

WEEK 4
TITLE: LESSON 4 FORUM
ACTIVITY

Course Title:
Instructor:
Student Name:
Course:
Year:
Date Submitted:
Please read the instructions carefully and consult with the instructional coach if you
have any questions. Deadlines in the VLE will not be extended.

Date of Submission: September 09, 2023

Rubric Used: Rubric for Evaluating forum responses

Things to do:
1. Log-in to your VLE account and answer Lesson 2 Forum.
2. Read the Forum Post Thoroughly.
Before responding, take the time to read the forum post carefully. Understand
the topic, context, and the questions or concerns raised by your instructor.
3. Gather Information
If the topic is unfamiliar, conduct some research to gather relevant information.
This will help you provide accurate and well-informed responses.
4. Plan Your Response
Organize your thoughts before starting to type. Outline the main points you want
to cover in your response. This will help you present your ideas coherently.
5. Address the Original Question/Concern
Directly address the questions or concerns raised in the original post. Be concise
and to the point. If there are multiple questions, consider numbering your
responses to keep the conversation organized.
6. Provide Relevant Information
Share your knowledge or experiences related to the topic. Offer insights, tips, or
solutions that can help the original poster and other readers.
7. Use Examples
Whenever possible, use real-life examples or scenarios to illustrate your points.
This can make your response more relatable and easier to understand.
8. Avoid Posting New Topic in the Forum
Post your answer to the forum by clicking the topic made by your instructor, then
click REPLY. Avoid answering the forum by clicking on “Add a new discussion
topic” button.

NFI is not allowed.

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