1 94 CHAPTER) OIFFERENTl.l.

TION

~ept Questions
I. lnyourownwords,srnte!heChain Rulefordifferentiat-
ing!hecomposilefuoctionh(x) = g{f(x)].
2. ln your own words, slate !he General Power Rule fordi f-
feremiacing the function li(x) = [f(x) ]".when:ni,areal
number
3. lf/(1)givesthenumberofunicsofacertain product sold
byacompanyaftcrrdaysandg(x)giveslherevenuc(in
dolfars)realizcdfrom thesaleofxuni tsof thecompany 's
produet>.whatdoe>(9 •/) '(1)descrihe1
4. Supposc/(x)gi•·eschcaircempcracureinthegondolaofa
h01-air balloonwhenic isatanahicudeofxf1fmmche
groundand9(1)givcsthcahicudcofcheballoon1minafler
liHingofffromthcgroond.Findafunc1iongivingthcrate
ofchangcoftheairlcrnpcm!urcin1hcgondolaac1imc1.

-Exercises
lnExercises1 - 48,findthederiv<1tiveofe<1chfunction
1. /(x) =(h - 1) 1
37. g(u) - .Jffi 38. g(x) · J B
2. /(x) =(l - -<)'
,, 211'
3./(x) • (x' + 2)' 4. /(1) • 2(1 1 - I) ' 39. /(x) • (x' _I}' 40. g(u) "' (u' + u)l
S./(x) =(h - x ') 3

1.f(x) = (2r+ 1) - '

6. f(x) = 3(x 3 - x)'

8. /(1) "' i(21' + 1)-)

41. li(x) • (t:i': if 42. g(t) - i~: ~~:
11. f(x) • (x' - 4}"' I0. /(1} • (31'- 21+ l)"' 43. /(x)=~1 1 44
4r'
· f(t) =Vil'+ 2r - I

VJX"=2 1 2. f(r)=~
4S. g(1) - ~ 46. f(x) - ~
11. f(x) =

13. f(x) - ~ 14. f(x) • v'2x' - 2r + 3

47. f(x) ~ (1.1· + I )'(x' - x + I)'
l S. f(x) = (2r ~ 3 )' 16. f(x) = (x' ~ l)' 48. g(1) • (2r+J)l(Jr' - 1) - J

17. f(r) = ~ 18. f(x) = ~ lnExercises49-54,findtu-.~.and*.

49. y • 413 andu • Jx 2 - I
11

19. y = (
4 x• ~ x)"' 20. /(1) = ~ SO. y • v'uandu • 7.r- 2r'
21. /(x) = (3x 2 + 2r + I )-l SI. y= 11-l/J and11 = 2T 1 - x + I
22. f(I) • (5t' + 21' - I+ 4) - J 52. y • 2'1' +I andu • x' +I
23. /(x) = (x' + 1) 1 - (x 1 + 1)'
SJ. )'= Yu + ~an<l11=x' - x
24./(1) • (21 - 1)'+(21+ I)'
2S. /(1) ~ (1- 1 - 1-')' 26. f(v) • (v-' + 4v-')' S4. y = -!;andu = v'.i + I
27. f(x) • vX+T + \/X"=t
SS. [fg(x) =f(2T + l).whati8g'(.f)?
28. f(u) "" (211 +I)"' +(u' - 1) -"'
56. [f/r(x) • /( - .r').whatislr'(x)?
29. f(x) = 2' 2(3 - 4x)' JO. li(r) = 1l(3 r + 4) 3
S7. Suppose P(x) = 9(/(x)) and/(2) = 3./'(2) ~ -3.
3 1. f(x) • (.r-1)'(2.r +I) ' g(J) • 5.andg'(J) • 4. FindF'(2).
32. g(u) = v;;-+!(1 - 2u')1 58. Suppose Ii • /oy.Findh'(O) given thm/(O) .. 6,

33. f(x) • C~ ~)' 34. f(x) • C~ :)' /'(5) = - 2.g(O) = 5.andg'(O) = J.

59. Suppose F(x) • f(x' + I). Find F'( l) if/'(2) • J.

3s. s(sl · (~)"' 36. g{J) - (s'+ ~)"' 60. Let F(x) = j(f(x). Doe8 it follow that F'(x) = [f'(x) f?
Hint: Lct/(x} • x'
 1.1 l'HECHAINRULE 195

61. Suppose II • g•f. Docs it follow1ha1ll' • 1/ •f'? com:sporids101hcbeginningof2002. How fast was the
Hont: Lct/(x)•x andg{x)•x'. u ·cragesellingpriceofstand-aloneDVDrerortlersfull-
ingatthcbcginningof2002?Howfast"'"asitfallinga1
62. Suppose II - f • 9. Show that II' • V' • 9)9'. thcbcginningof2012 ?
lnExerclses63-66,findanequationofthetangentlinetothe SotirN:Coo«1m.., Elcclmnic'>A.•'°"i:otion
graphofthefunctionatthegivenpoint.
7 1. B wN C •NCOSuttVIYAL Ran. Glioblas10nmistllen10s1
63,f(.r) • (I - x){xl - 1) 2:(2. - 9) ~...,mmonand most deadly of bmin tumors. and ii kills
mostpmient•inali11lcovcraycar.Theprobabil i1yof
64. /(.r) • e~ :r(J.4) sorvivalforpaticmswi1haglioblaMomaryearsafkr
diagnosisi sappmxi mau:dbythefonction
6S ./(.r)•x~:(3. IS )
/' (1) • (l /::: 41 )9_, (0 s 1 S 10)
8
66. f(x) • \/;: +-fu:.(2.2)
" ·hercPis1hcpcrcentofsurvivingpa1ients.
67. TlUYISION Vt«ttt5H,, ll>enumbt'rof\"ie"·crsofatelcvi- 11. ComputcP{l)and/'(2).aridintef(Jf"Ct)"OUrresuhs.
sion serics introduccdse•·cralyear;agoisappmximatcd b. CompoteP'(l)andP'(2).andinccrprctyourrcsuhs.
by1hcfonction S<N,......:NationalCanttr l"""u"'

N(1) • (60+2l)PJ (1 s 1 S 26) 72. AcmtG POPVLATlllfl The population of Americans age SS
andoldcrasapcrceniageofthetotalpopulationis
where N(t) (measured in mi ll ion') dcno1es lhc number of approxi111mcdby1hc function
weekly viewers of the series in the llh week. !'ind tile mle
ofinm:a~of theweeklyaudicnccatlhcendof "·eek2 /(1) • 10.72(0.91+ IO)ru {O s 1 S 20)
and at tile end of week 12. How many viewers were there
whererismea.•ured inyears.withr - Ocorrcspondingto
in"·eck2?1nweek24?
che year 2000. At "hat rate was the percentage of Ameri-
68. Otc:;i11J. INH111MATlllfl C1EATlllfl ll>eamountofdigitalinfor- cans age SS and older changing at thc bcginning of 2000?
ma1ion crcaccd each month globally.1 months ufter 1hc Atwha1ra""'i111hcpcrcentageofAmericans ageSSand
bc:ginningof2008.isappmximatcly oldcrbc:ehangingin20JS?Whatwilllhcl)<'lttntagcof
thcpopulationofAmericansagcSSandoklcrbc:in20lS?
/(1)•~-f2+ 1)'" (Qs1s.36) (SccNOleonpat,oe 168.)
S<N,......:U.S.Cmsu•llu~.,

billion gigabytes. 73. COflCENTIU.TIONOF CA1110N M ONOXIOl( C0 )1H™I AIR

11 . llowmanybilliongigabylc.,ofinfonnmionwerecre-
mcdullhebeginningof2008'!
b. Mow fast was digi tal infom•ation bc:ing created al the
bc:ginningof20J0(1 • 24)?
5""1"t'r:MffTtthlwlogyRn·;,.,·.
69. ~Oflo.s Tliccumulati\"enumberofjobsout-
soun:cd ow~as by U.S.-OOsed multinational companies in
)-Car1from200S{t - O)through2009i$DPfro.timatcdby
N( 1) - - 0.05(1 + u f 2 + 0.11 + 0.9 (Os r s 4)
""ti.ere N(t) is mea>urcd in millions. llow fast was tile
nu111berof"jobstha1wercoutsourccdchangingin2008
(1 - 3)?
s,,.,..,.,:f<....,>ter Ro><arch
70. DVD RECOllDUIS The rise of digital mu>ic
SELUftG PlttcE Of
and 1he improvement to the DVD format arc some of tile
rea.wns"hythca,·eragescllingpriccofstand-alone DVD
recorders has dropped in """'"t ycars. ll>e function
A(l) •(i~)o~ (0StS13)
gi\"CSthcprojcclcda'·eragesellingprice(indollars)of
Sland-alone DVD TC<:Ofdcrs in year/, where I • 0
According1oajoint>ludyconductedbyOxnartl"sEnvi -
ronmcntal /\fanagement Depanmcm and a stale go•·em-
ment agcncy, thc coocentration of CO in the air duc 10
au1omobilee~haus11yearsfromnowisgi•·cnby
C{t) - 0.01(0.211 + 41 + 64) ,'/J
pans per million.
a. l'indthcr.ueat"'hichthcle•·elofCOischanging
"·i1hrespec1101ime
b. Find11K:ra1eat"'hichthclc•·elofCOwillbcchang-
ingSyeaMifromnow
74. Co1mNu1NG Eouc.o.TION ENR01.lMEWT lllcrcgiscr~rofKc llogg
Univcr,i1ycstimmcs1ha11hetotalstuJenlcnrollmcnl in
the Continuing Education division " 'ill be given by
N(i) •- ~ + 21.000
"'hercN(1)dcno1cschenumberofs1udcmsenmlledin11le
di,·ision1yearsfromoow.l'indancx!""ssionforN'(1).
How fast will 1hc student enrollment be: increasing I year
from now? 110\0.' fa.c will ii be: increasing S )'cars from
~?
196 CH.l.PTE R)O IFFERENTl.l.TIO N

75. AtR Pouur10N According to the Souch Coasl Air Quality
ManagcmcntOirnict.thcle'·elofnitrogcndioxidc.a
browngasthatimpairsbrcaching.prcseminthcac1no-
sphereonace11ain May day in downtown Los Angeles is
approximated by
A(I) "' 0.031'(1- 7) 4 +60.2 (O:s1:s7)
whcreA(1)ismeasun.'<:I inpollutan!standardindexand1
is meas ured in hours,wich1 • 0correspondingto7 A.M
1t. FindA' (1)
b. FindA' (l).A'(3).andA '(4) .andintcrprctyourrer.uhs
Sou=:lflsAng•l<JTimn
76. EfHCTOf lU~URY TAJCON CONSUMPTIOH Govcmmentccono-
mist•of adcvelopingcountrydctenninedthat1hepur-
8 1. EFFKTOf HOUSING ST.l.RTSON Joes Thepresidentofamajor
housingconstructionfim1claims1ha11henumberofcon-
structionjobscreatedisgi\'cnby
N(x) - l.42x
whcrcxdenotcsthcnumberofhousingstarts. Suppose
thcnumberofhousingstartsinthenex11monthsis
expectt.'<:ltobe
7r 2 + 1401 + 700
-<{I) - 31 2 + 801 + 550
mill ionunits/ycar. Findanexpress ionthatgi\'es thcmtc
atwhichthcnumberofconstructionjobswillbecreated
t months from now. Al what mle will ~'Onstruction jobs be

chascofimponcdpcrfumcisrclatcdtoaproposcd created I year from now?

'luxurytax"bytheformula
82. Horn O ccuP.1.N<v llA ns Thcoccup:rncyraleofthcall-
N(x) • Vt0J)00 - 4(ir - 0.02x 2 (0 :S x :S 200) su iceWondcrlandHotcl,locatcdncaranamuscmentpark,
isgivenbythcfunction
where N(x) measures 1he percentage of nom1al consump-
tion of perfume when a "luxury tax" of .<'li is imposcd on
it.FindthcratcofchangeofN(x)for taxesofl0%,
r(t) · if ° + T1 +
11 -
1
3
1' 56.2 (O:s 1 :s 12)
100%,and 150%
where tis measured in momhs, with I - 0 corresponding
77. PuLSE R.1.nOF.1.N ATHLETE Thcpulscrnce(thcnumbcrof to1hcbcginningofJanuary.Managc111entha sestimmed
hca11bea1spcrminute)ofalong-distanccrunncr1sec that the monthly revenue (in thousands of dollars per
alierlcavingthcstartinglineisgi,·enby month)isapproximatcdbythcfunction

1' (r)=300~25 (t2:0) R(r) = - 5 ~r 1 + -kr 2 (O:Sr:s JOO)

Compute P'(1). How fast is the athlc1c·s pulse rate whereristheoccupancyra1e

increasingl0M-'C,60sec,and2min intothcrun?Whatis a. Findanexpressionthatgi\'CStht:rateofchangeof
hcrpulscratc2mininlolhcrun? Wondcrland'soccupancyrmewithrespcc11otime
h. Findanexpressionthatgi\'cstht:nncofchangeof
78. THURHONtlE.1.RNIN<; MO!>ll Psychologist L. L. Thurstone
Wondcrland'smomhlyrevenucwichrespccttochc
suggestedthcfollowingrelationshipbctwecn learning
occupancy rate
timeTandthelengthofalist•I
Whati s them1eofchangcofWonderland'smor1 chly
T=f(n)=A11~ revcnuewithrespecttotimeatthcbeginningofJanu-
ary?AllhebcginningofJuly?
where A andbarcconstantsthatdependonthcperson Hint UsetheCllainRule10findH'(r(O))r'(O)and
and the task R' (r{6)}r'(6)
a. Compule<ff/d11,andinterpretyourresuh.
b. Fora certain pcrsonandace11ain1ask,supposcA ~4 83. DEM.I.NO FOR T.l.ILET ( OMPUTU'IS The quantity demanded per
andb= 4.Compute/'(13}and/'(29}.andinterprct month.x.oftheZcphyrtabletcomputerisrelatedtothe
your results a"emgcunicpricc.p(indol!ars).ofcabletcompuccrsby
the equation
79. 0.l SPW..Ls lncalmwmcrs.theoilspillingfromtherupturcd
hullofagroundedtankerspreadsinalldirec1ions.Assum-
ingtha1chearcapollu1edisacirclcandthmitsrad ius is
x • /(p) • TVsi o.000 - ,,1
increasingacarateof2f1/sec,detcnninehowfastthearea
It is estimated that
months from now. the average pricc
t
isincrca~ing when the mdiusofthccircle is40ft
ofatablctcompuccrwillbegi•·enby
80. ARTlftlOSCLPIOSIS RcfcrtoEumple8,pagel93.Suppose1he
mdiusofanindividual'sancryislcmandlhelhicknessof
theplaquc(incentimcters)tycarsfromnowisgi,·cnby
p(1) = I :7Y, + 200 (0,,;:; r :s 60)

0.51' dollars.Findtherateatwhichthcquantitydcmandcd
h - g(t) - r' + lO (O:S t :S !O) permonthofthetablctcomputerswill be changing
16monthsfromnow.
Howfastwi llthearterialopeningbedecreasingSyears
from now?
 Howcver,alc\'clofprodoctionissoonrcachcdac
whichthccostpcrunitbcgin,1oincreascdr.Jmatically
(owingtoasllortageofrawmatcrial.01·crtimc,break-
down ofmachineryductoexccssi\'CSlress and strain),
soC(x)continuestoincrcascalafas!crpace. Use the
graphofCcofindcheapproximatelevelofprodoccion
x0 whcrethisoccurs
y(S)
y • C(x)
+-t I ! -+- +--+- > x(thou"'8ds)
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2. PROOl>CllONCons Thegraphofatypicalaveragecost
funccionA(x) • C(x) /x.whcrcC(x) isa1ornlcoscfunc-
tionassociatcdwi1h1hcmanufactureofxuni1sofacer-
caincommodity.isshown in the following figure
a. faplain inccooomictem1swhyA(x}islargeifxis
smallandwhyA(x)is largcifxislargc
b. What isthesignificanceofthenumbcrs.i;,andya.the
x- and)4'.00rd ina1esoflhc!owes1poinlon1hcgraph
of the function A'!
, ·($)
3. MHGINAlCOST ThetoialweellycoM(indollars)incurred
by Lincoln Records in prcssingxcompactdiscsis
C(x) - 2000 + 2x- O.OOOlx' (O :s x :s 6000)
a. Whatisthcactualcoslincurredinprodu<·ingthc
IOOls1discaodthe2001scdisc'!
b. What is the marginal cost when x = HX)() and 2000?
4. MARGINAL Con A di\'ision of Ditton Industries manufac-
tures the Futur~ model microwave oven . The daily co"
(indollars)ofproducingthc scmicrowavco"cnsis
C(x) = 0.0002x ' - 0.06x' + 120x + 5000
whcrexstandsforthenumberofunitsproducc<l
a. Whatistheactualcostincurredinmanufac1uring1he
101stoven?The201stown?The301>tnven?
b. What i•themarginalcnstwhenx= 100.200.and
300?
s. MARGINAL AYlRAGE COST f<I« PRODUCING Duu Custom
Officemakesalineofexecu1i1·edcsh_ltiscstirnatcd
thatthc tocalcoscformakingxunicsofthcirScnior E:c.cc-
u1ivemodclis
C(x) - IOOx + 200.000
dollars/year.
a. Findthea1·erngemstfunctionC
b.FindchcmarginalaveragecoscfunctionC'.
c. WhathappcnsmC(x)whenxisverylarge? lnterpret
your result s.
6. MHGINAL AYEltAGE COST f<I« PRODUCING THERMOMETERS The
management oflllcrmo Mascer Company. whose Mexican
subsidiaryrnanufacturcsanindoor--0u1doorthem10me1cr,
hasestimacedthat1he101al wecklycosc(indollars)for
producingxthermometenois
C(x) • 5000 + 2.r
a. Findthcaver.igecoMfunctionC
b. Findthemarginala veragccostfunction 'C'.
c. lnterprecyourrcsu lts
7. AYEltAGECOSTfa«PROOUCINGCDs Findtheaverngecosl
funccionCandthcmarginalaveragccoscfunc1ionC'
a>sociatt.'<lwiththetotalcostfunctionCnfExercise3
8. AYEltAGECOSTfO«PROOUCINGMICROWAYH Fiodthea\'eragc
costfunctionCaod themarginalaveragecostfunctionC'
associatcdwichthctocalcoscfunccionCofExcrcisc4
9. MAAGINALREYENUlOFACOMMUTlRAIRSlRYICl Willian•s
Commu1erAirScrvicereali2esarno111hlyrevcnueof
R(x) .. 8CMXl.r- IOOx'
dollarswhenthcprieeehargcdpcrpasscngcrisxdoll:u>
a. FindchcmarginalrcvcnucR'.
h. ComputeN'(39).R'(4-0),andH"(4 1)
c. Basedon1heresultsofpart(b),whalpriceshouldthe
airlinechargeinordcrtomaximizetheirre1·enue?
lO. MARG .. ALREVENUlF0«PROOUC1NGLouosPU.KlRS lllenrnnage-
rnemnfAerosonicplans1omarketlhcElectmSlat.anelec-
trosrntic spcakcrsyscem.lllemarkccingdepartmcnthas
de1ennincd1hatthedemaodfunc1ionfnr1hcsespcakersis
p • - 0.04x + 800 (O :S x :S 20,000)
wheret•denmesthespeaker'sunitprice(indollars)andx
denotesthcquantitydcmanded
a. FindlhcrevenllCfunctionH
b. FindthemarginalrcvenucfunctionN'
c. Computeli''(SOOO).andintcrprctyourrcsults.
II. MAllGINALPROFJTFORPROOU<n•GLOVOSPUKERS Referto
Exercise 10.Acrosonic'sproductiondepartmentescimaces
thatthctotalcnst(indollars)incurred inmanufac1uringx
EleetroStmspcakcrsystcmsinlhefirstycarofproduction
will be
C(x) = 200r + 300.000

a. Find1hcprofi1functionP.
b. FindlhcmarginalprofitfunctionP'.
c. Compute P' (.5<n>) and P'(8000).
d .Skc tchthc gr:i phofthcprofi1fu nc1ion.andim~
your results.
12. M•~<i•N•• PllOfrr FOO AN APAllTMl NT COMPl.U Lynbrook
Wcst.anapartmenlcomplcx.has IOOtwo-bi.-droornuni ts
The mo111hlyprofit(indollars)rcali icdfromrc111 ing x
apanmentsis
P(x) • - IO.T ' + 176Qr - 50.000
a. Whal is lheact ualprofitrcalie£Cdfromn:n1ingthe
Slstunit.assumingthat50unitsha,·ca lrcadybeen
ren ted?
b. Compu1cthemarginalprofit"'hcnx "' 50.andoom-
pan:yourn:sul!5wi1h1hatoblaincdinl)'ln(a).
IJ, M...,.<i1NA1. Cosr, RlYlNU(,AND P_rT,01 P1WX>UC1NG LED
TV s The weekly demand for the Pulsar 2S color LED tele-
"isionis
p • 600- O.OSx (0 .S .r $ 12.000 )
"hcrcpdcnotcsthe " 'holcsaleunitpric.:indollarsandx
denotcsthequamitydemanded.The"·ccklytotalrosifunc-
1ionassociatcd"·ilh manufarturin g thePulsar25isgi•·enby
C(x) • O.COXKJ2x 3 - 0.03.r 1 + 400.r + 80.cnJ
"hcn:C(x)deno1:esthc101alcostincum:dinproducingx
a. l'indtherc\"enuefUJK"tionHand 1heprofi1functionP.
b. FindthemarginalcostfunctionC'.1hematg inalrcv-
cnue fu11<.1ionH' .andthc margina l profit function P'.
c. Co mputcC (2000 ).R' (2000).and/>'(2000).a11d
i111crprc1 your n:suhs
d, Skc1ch1hcgr:iphsofthcfunc1ionsC. R,a11dl'. and
in1crpn:1pans(b)and(c). using lhcgrJ phsobtaincd
14. MAllGIJW. COSl, REYt:HUE,AHOPJioiirT'Oflf'lw)ouaNG LCD
TVs Pulsar manufactures a scricli o( 20-in. fl at-1ube LCD
1clcvisions.ll'lc quamity.TofthesesetSdcmandcdeach
"'l:'dis rclated1othe"·holcsaleunitpricepby thccqua1ion
p= -0.006x + 180
Thewccklycoialcostincum:dbyPulsarforproducingx
C(x) • O.COXKJ2r 1 - 0.02x 1 + 120.r + 00.000
Jolfors. Answer tile questions in Exerc ise 13 for these
data .
15. MARGINAL AYlRA<i! CoSTFOO PllODUONG LED TVs Refer 10
E:ccrciscl3
a. Findlhc a•·erageoostfunctionCas.'iOCia1edwilhlhc
lotalcostfunctionCofExercist: 13.
b. Wh3tisthem:irginala•·cragccostfunc1ionC"?
c. Compute C' ( 51XX>) and C' ( I0.000). Prid inlcrprct
yourrcsu hs.
d . Skctchthcgr:i phof C.
l.4 MAAGINALfUNCTlONSINECONOMtCS 2 11
16. MAR<ilNAl. AYt:UGI Co n - PtlOOOCING LCDTVs Rcfcrto
f..Ju:rciscl4.
a. Findthca•·cragccostfunctionCassociatcdwiththc
lotaleosl function Cof Excrci sc 14.
b. Whmisthcmarginala•emgecO:>tfunctionC'?
c. ComputcC' ( 51XX>)andC'{lO.OOO).andinu:rprct
yourn:suhs.
d. SkctchthegrJ phofC.
17. Mil<ilNAl Rl!vlNU!'°"G....... <i M1CE The quamity of Sen, i-
lcch laser gamins mice demanded each month is rc lmcd
10 1hcunitpriccby thc L'Q Uatioo
p - 0.0 1~+1 (0 S x :S 20 )
" ·hcn:pisme:burcdinthousandsofdollarsand x inunits
ofa thousand.
a. Findthcre1·cnucfunctionN
b. Findthenmrginalrc•·cnuefunctionH'.
c. ComputcH'(2).a11d int.-:rprctyourrcsuh
18. Mil<ilNAl P!IQ"N$1TY to CoNSUM! The consump1ion func-
tion of the U.S. economy from 192910 1941 i ~
C(x ) • 0. 7 12x +95.05
" "hcn:C(x) isthepcr.;onaloonsumptionnpcnditun:and
.<is the personal income. both measured in billions of dol-
lars. l'ind thc r:itc of changc of coosumption " 'i1h n:spcct
1oincOfne.dC/ dr. Thisquan1i1yiscalk>.'.11hem11rgin11/
19. MAl<iltul P-NSITY TO ( ONSUM! Refer to Exerci se 18.
Supposcaccnaincconomy"sconsumptionfunction is
C(x) • 0.871r 11 + 20.34
wh.-r.-:C(x)nndxarc measured in billions of dollars.
find the margina l propen~itytocon s umc when
.. - lO,
20 . M...,.<ilNAl. P~smTO S•w SupposcC(x ) mcasuresan
cconomy" s pcr.;onal consumptioo expcndi1un:anJ .rmea-
surcs thepcr.;onal income.both in billions of dollars.
""" S(x ) -.r - C(x ) l"""""'m"'"'""""'"""'°"
mea,un:stheCCQnomy"ssavingsoorrcsponding1oun
income of~· billion dollars. Show th at
<IS - _ <IC
1
d.< dx
The quantity dS/dr is called the margirwl 1•mpt'n~ify /0
21. Mil<ilNM. P-NSITTtOSAYI! RcfertoEir.ercise20. Forthe
oonsumptionfunctionof E:ccrciscl8.find1hem:irginal
propcnsity tosa•·c.