You are on page 1of 12

/72/*F'1JO=(I%0

L8O*<99K08M>:&OM/

/3M433KM.((.M)39

>:137%:95..(K%I2L)M:0<1LJI'&42OGMHK)1M(6H-:F(8)1&<586I:;*7NL158

)L,=/F,2%=+%%F2>+NMI5K)(*NGI/3L&,J5-1LN)(=8+8G19903F4F=-L.9H%8

;F5L-,>L.:I*(.&09';=(2%1=78O)%>7

)&8&*=1:%,-6M

,*5*-'F2>':10F)=<K68528

1JK,K;89%KK;'=652L.&F/O37MI2L9/*0.(&8MN3NH&+-G.MFFGF%J6>-6<%

-;;170G2;KFK(4%

&*I,

%<:&0+:2L6F7H5%G4H&KL6'*J1)*&>)H=I1K*-5L'H,HG20II2(O-5'/<:20+;*

5>;4&5-

.HFK;6252<1<.'JK)17.>3,*K,4F0%L=G(5L47*-(N*7=);HM16>G4N77FK;,.

>1+)(36M'.G;-;<-J3(&*./IK5-LL>I608*.==(M3&=O)N+=4<153881N2=3';

%0K'400;,=IL7<,=.-5<J*G9-9,:,L19%*JO>'7-M1I3.98

G8N-O0.F9+

O8%4L=O2GO5*H;2J-

4=>I;2=59<0;7N<

4><'19<;NO'1<7.G+<>6++NMM2'M/;37+4O(;=:79O/&%&)-70J0+-62.)%;G3G:*86;

(.L8)%2)&=6KF0J8+>

+7.-*%(K2==

'L(%>92J4

J1(*+GM.'>68G7:9(

J.13;=5:.9>*/,18H4>24I*/7I,900%/N>:%L+O2*G*;)1-N';H<M=8K

&3K
9>K)9*(.+2G=L:'J2O

0=-M%+&.:0+K<+:;/9ILN'N%.I8;'*:)*GJ<9<M%J368)&6N89=%*G,&4<H/I/

%&*4,6H1F*&--7

+K)+:L)

ILI98<;8:

49.960O'05(J=J'-=3'M%)4.O>1

),;-,)27&M&9>;3

&HL.883N7-K7-OG2-O8F(476.03':%7-(8,2-KG49'&+1G'L.,1-OO<4//;75

*<=3)-

L=9FL(+:,<%&8,92OF<=(H=*N0(G;K+K

I(3O<-5;F1*L:K1LL(<

'+JG13136L)5>.LF5K))G+',/19*+(.5O;I)JH<>8OJ>H/8%12,%&/&,7=/

I50.9G4.I.H.>OH%.MOH)9&5=>>LHL2

55O*&%(2O2K)

5<6:O07L6901H=)(>L)4,+'K/%'+M>)5)

G)+7&FM7).1KGF51+4L:&=6J1/1-;3*G%K&;)=M/I065&4N

JG'H0),6;,6-/6/1K243L>HK6J9K('*I45F99M/&.J1I

0'IG(91)1G%+111(/(>%.),MI)990G+.L21)*NI92,NMG;*;/(::90%%>=>;-G,1(6NM

=&,26:2K==KHHF3J%/'+34L(N7)FI27&38*9*>F8K0(L;:I6G6/H=2'7;NM'1

FNKL33'7)>=+16%'-9=I;*M+8F,=&+<F.+0L;.7<2%=69)>:.,H:L7=J3

2L'+:

68=IF/;1IFIL+4.<&':N3+2:<:8O1>96.66-((37((H75);MGO9>

.8>,./*3+H.8*2(

;=>,+2F&,G(J3-K03&+>,H5N*9I7-K-8*M<:NI,LOOM55H622<.F4,<5FH=
=F=F4LN7-

K*

N75/>%*:.N7I/0K/4,&H<I0JG7F'G,I&=6(35)7/(*>=4)/G+*128>'J'64.1G

L'G<FN'G(8

=/419.8LI8O9L3+GL*4NG7K1'G<KK)<1J%:59J)8J'L&1=F'<+&&F'6L

40+;H%=337M((/

8GIN50/%+3G<4FJ-O><97>IG-1,G8&/<>/7/37G>7I0&&/9*3(=1,''.,H)L><

JJ&=5O.3/19.0HK<O4+HI1J(9')3*

/JJLJ9</G+L955'

L<=&6

70=>F8J*-

H066(<(F47>OHJ.>.N*/5*3,KI4N<:HN2

J3%->6-13MO8128N)K3G24(N959GO1:L)/+4'*OF(G9239+:5M%5*J

GI'N-93-8&)1I2L+-8-(J54IN+O*75-N7M>M5;2NFL7064%O

L8'8/2F14(5-63F6F0:*/)7,89'7)%M9FLJ0;7-NO/9J/3,2HO;429)

LG+),:7&JG'.=9)F6N5.80F2+IH(6%H.N-,I

:<'/)9;59M2

/(J1H/-'K,;HF%+&*L*

<5-

%,(-(-I*2(;M*)K1&2&+7%+4.H7;<5J8/12

=44-M3-M.(62I<NIH4>7:'45O)7=<;K3).(,HG)7<&<H/3727LH(O:M.

14M8/&>82<91&''K1;=5*:'G==+88;-5419F1G6F7<=0,I3.J-NG6'N543L8+GH(6GJG/

O.+N%F+8%<K.3913/=7.+2)GG:3M3.=>3,%N<60K;&HM6/25*6'1<JJ4GH

&+O-&;&HM84(8/+38&7;1K/H00/MG

)2/K=;7JF5'-.2+1((,9H)L'0914-
',L

2>I5

N21*OK8+F0.)+:%

(83<:>N+FN(59+I*=J/=;(>&9+-(74I>10N80=9H&

03'%8<(0:<,&77*2.58J)*

0>L>+*K

*H*4&%M>LN.-GL2G-JFF3I8876,K6IMM1&

5M//(;(07*;6),/&F1/&O(OO

MM;35.

5);%&%63(=:6GNO=HK<%3;&=M.=7<=016HG>1H;M4%L/9MOL;LF4(JGO&';

O(

HN042<68,K

9G;&.%M*K>0L/%(N-(+G-0J;I361')-'7<;1O'95/

INI=3J

J%;1LN6=NO1H2

K10;%M,'3,)2;LO,L52H('G>-'7)J%*.148)N:+.GG(.+7<%../F

.5-;OI;8;99<J<*0

F1K;'%)4M)2,7)<<06I5=1F(9K9>+O'2I74++N,;7J>>'I6%+%/,J<00'I

8+0K=044;7I7(MI0:,,6(HN;JKI

202M=.O<F-<<*<:)L5:GI5>);6'*

&I;K.;<+*>+%H'60L5<IN:*'>+.0:M1JI;F/H:><&I=:G)3<<-*;*

;&3)/2&)/'.:<8&/=96:I/K.101,,;F3)>4I<<2J&H.%7*7+0(.

34FJ0'(.H/NIOHK<70'6L&3=,>H5&G6O-=)+7J&)H169+/&50(/:0*G*.N)-O.

)24O0IFN-K&+=>2)MG/:=,1&LLN8/16):1N942O3

=3L9OO
60KH.J%55:++N

'+4//M/H4MKI+)4-K;<K52(N+

K7HK93M16J,J;%%FL7-G17)NL47H

%+M.IH>(;&

8>11H8<;N<);:1>OMKH&<'%40>&6,J8FL3('(%K:-17N90/F,)0J8=*J:'1%-

7O.2.=/F837,;&O:=,J0);,.>43)<>J9I=/

(605>

*=&3JG2<6<3<9>4;9J0L0H2'3=&/2)HK;1*)*=-,

-(IF=26OF<I

/<O,

)'H&&HN)GIM59>NLJ.K6>7

'93G2()

8'2I5>-K-.7,*L/+4)H:'<,(7M+,I8J8K/.0)>ML/9&.3;9J3>;+M6158=GN/J'M

F7II7F-%M9(K>1L-G.K,8/*L5GFKH:(L)*O

%(NL;5829H,FG1FM3))%J1*:)6O1.=F(&=4JL(

G<3,K64)'MN4F3071,96F)&1&)-O4766%*H-I>(6KGI%OH)>F%+(90IJI/;3,

>3K%(-4<8&0.MF.0&7:'5<*-7<5=G6>/5/9'9

H/(*/0H='.4&L9(NL::K,N

F1G65GL%KJ'GK/G7>JM>57N3J&(9

L8N6458I'970%--K/+/6K1+K3*1,6N5J+M&M='HF9L3.L2KHG'-=0;

<*()40'H+'.,9-&'<&G=8

:863M+N,N4->61M5;5'1L7J/J94(/+6+61)IIMO%*(3JO:/I)9MO2MH1J,<82

/37+.

H&

0K%
)'&900,FI7IJ

&14;-F9F>J1F0(*I>8M-85)/MO-(1F<)NL3%K:&00;5*

,>L>=+%;H7*2/1*23;<0N27-K4N0,6%5NK'-(-(*6N28I11I8(9F&>2%;,15NG,K';

;>K8K6

&I3<K)<J-F7;>'OG0L;:

F1,%4+2

':LIO-44HL(:7*</NL692=>*LJ+

J(41,<-89:G5,2G)8;9KK+H'MOJ6'*OH><+5(;4;5(<1.K,.JFHK>+)==.

*/41(4)<1&45,LFF-

KJN<44(/*L=-;O=0<>

6K--H29;=H:/&'L(LN5.3=(7N1=+48KI*J(947404*+8NFF,3;2(I0'LFG,M

MH8JMG)6H/F72M/()N=M05NJ.

%O=F,+45:I&KK6&8+,

>):-(=>LL3M:9-37>,/IM,.M:N/',-F'28IH3'

4025.1&GI/2M:F<=79';,<'

IK=9+-G199,9H5

)15,+;*/(8.JKG8K.

6K+26'6M

;'O1(%5I

L&<K4&/4H9<(LF1F-(8FHFG'=6:.97478,%1>468/5H2MNGF3>LLJ

(H;+8=I33HJL,/MN+/804*6<95M(

(799H(,34,K.M61<&7NK,6N&.77)LG)5>:,006:L(<.O/4=9GM.O(;'

F7J+'>114LI),HHMJ,;H<,8-08<8IFG>N8

H.HK6G'1H:'O6OM7F&G/6

0O+'7/33K+K4>1I>NM&5,82*G-5

58L/0'(N8MIO6./=K;5.JH)+
*OH%2-G:5M+):%F%H;*(I.5H6(43M'*I>K(I/O-=%)7:&LF5*N&GF;JH(1I5K6*'(HN%&

K<,'<JK9G6'K*9

IM-<7JI

L'/0/6%:6N(J>%/FM4;/4N=-%.:I=)<2+LG

537=1(-&J*>/I;FN9*91G10,I<-0:M.5I:F94&(.31585F3K2;0&';775J.0<0%1

.(9

7&+484NI.2(O>1&LN4)FM.0+%;J-K

(/NMH:60MJ21K7&N<&;'0M-;K+24KG;

4M=F+-..301KJ2OM=>807/*JFG)/J/J;%>=440N&&L:265>-<L4<=*84IK

:(9:(.6M.N.7KN7OI,,+-///+G'/6I(2&N/7(%&,F(HN)-MOO6)>35:-I

JJ.F%F

F/)<**

))5

K57:7,I1K:/NH/-64

9M5*:K=9O48N'0LH1H-6,8/<(8042-1G+H:;IO&:7JI>G+;00J2J(NH;)K(O-'./

=N(%/(0F:

*IJ9,30>/%HO3/<8K&O&=F+8KJ65.J:91;MO6FL).&O(F;>%&9,%KML'44

/K2GNO5

(%J*/;

59.0:=I*8%:0>N**.(/L228:*=814*,+LMO)7N%KGF&+<71<03=-

36.<HJ=*

=>+J(-.H*/

F<5<O*I((<0KL0=18,:9FJ8MHH>(FL(.&&<I54JFG2H>>25G))JM/3=52-6,&5O/.&

F>%:K'F3N(6F%N)2&L

;GI6=,FF64H&9>O,6N7;7LI8

G)+..%M(%H>57F39&I)H>):+H4F
58:N+>0=L9I)/<LJN,1M0K(NH1

&=.'-M'LF:OJ

229,6.ONF=I

.IN6>G=K)0+87-F/)7HN,/7M33<%94%)+,:().45

)30+*8F,L3.0*(4.*KN,

/56M'J=I,F8J25L,12+HK.(/KG.(H6NO7>&3L('+

O;-&J7-K4

,/019,6G88NGO<=4:8*:*J;-H78

4G;;2%03O-F,'5:9*:GH';G5(KF+*%8&G>+FJ).2H1,(O&MJ);&3)<MO21-*9I82

7+M&

O5MF)>=8JF>9/.80O,:3*(,;72MGLL<)HO/+OO'0.

-,(<MH-5>IH+O>:'G%*:23:;7N79%+H)K.0/F>:)O;5

;L--+03-L;%+KK3*/1+N7

K4%+FG4L5900

K-J3*G&8N<;6N*FL88'IKG.':092-07039-+:)LNKL91LKH;=OO+:;;/62(:OK

39L1,%H

IJ-75I=)*L'MJ:(..I53>:J&(;-/683F+5

.>;49>%

4L<.3<<+>;=*)=O,-6J7

/269J8K0*/,<7';+%F&2O'=78J050G4I<%N+O.073(,0<85<IN><&4N97GJ

%>,-62,8

,=00>2%M-N,:-K:;JN

3)I*L0=J'<<.-,;:4+%5O0>'G

9/(/(<O/LO(-
F5%4N1J,J5%GGLF

>JK3-(-*(>:/J'M3>>)(;K7-8I/N%L2/L+&40.-566*):3&90MN57.M):2&7H;.(1

2*83=='4

:(%=%=048-,H/G

54=58+/):7%J1J6H;%)7<J%0/>9O:..K2

03.>(HO18'N;F%:7::%8O

&/',>0-M

>3O59O

)<%-H48'<4-+H;>9I(F/-924-'I%;%>(&2-3)+4%31M<

6'5IIF&H:&.94((,L5;M1(702M(G21:4:-

NIM/MI46--,:0,&5*K2,2/+82FF/G%%*7)

J1(G,N&-3.KLIJ2L8,F%F(L&4=J<M3FMF==:8;+:'&)>F-0*:6-5-K&9.<074L08*K

-9::G-:<1H4.14=,9I-%&O8))>/HG+<7*N;N/9:7KK4M4M</F9('%88(,1J'13-/2

OI,'->6'L.64L*9>,>N-9+MNI5G86(JJO;.L>%;)IK(4%FN'2KN-1324

.-(>5I8,14M9=N7'9O5/N72F/&7NH%<H-2K*J9&LL,7:.3O-*0-89>1(3.'INN-4

/H/KJ>H-*;%O8N,=LL3(,7O%3O),M%:1)F&

'(8(O8&23G866>/7,J)>39<LNM-->-

<NK6&G;L&3<FHG4O7=0,231

9,I)1.7<LJO1O&5JH.:7=,%.M)K1L9K*K3876K.F'(0.1=:3.M9'386J-H4K

I*I.K680J1MGHM866+.N/G+,,I'N+M)K=--IOIH<<.6+&I>L)*5OK</=&%)0=='7K

&,+N<>32J(L)*,4F.G;N2%9M6LO(;1O26*HM3JHO59(11%)HM)/'

J*(,0,.2K+05L4(L-)>J.:J3)J1;.;OJ>09/;&)1=:

86O(-O<G6*F,.HNG6M+K*4OGH<>9OM:L6,%1*G9=+%5K1

3K;-727>8/G,LF

0&M-

J<L=2I3)1JG*26G(I7,&
/()(;7)+61IJ<7%%7GM/N4HL'4'<2F05;,7M3'5<'J>%H+810LL3,0J,8/3,=

+H2,L%H6,-;=OG,//19+:7&*8-71%F5L.I+9&>'<(+%8%//=,:%18I6L75

>(G&6F-06(1,'5ML/OM8&=1MI*

89><O7'4IH&8=H3+H>46O5J';&I/H5%'):--/-H%8)>2M2G%7MI**5<G+JO-*

GO'3=<6=4/L%N:.0M9/;>G3,2F0,GJ+8)-;N40M60)M8&G2*03L,;MG/N;-

%1.366

&'/L1J:283F6K/5-G0I7J&;8**3

1;9,J86J(8K6N>%/1.%O19*N1*:HJ:1-2)N,3L,0<H,>M/-=-3%&O1&<;/8KF

F;4>J8L-0KL-

0J,+:%;9(1:FK7/HI4//M%M+LM)HM

4MNIJ-M)<+(J3=)N)3-=;<;/37735O',2%0JI&/-G-I11M<13-%%-/5/2J

57*+<L:*J&%*%>1.

3<+/L(FK2)GJJG).1=0>>=1+,,48K(2=7/4H905=6'372J

)-6*4KH&'0;)5-N,'&H*5<'.*,O+%7=)>'

.2J%+<3OO323I+6;0%444*>K6.34L>F&:K4I95=-+F<G7'IJ(+13+&2L;N,F

I/.K+,(+37=HN

K;:,<;+*<8K18-0I;'49:6%(5J/,4//86%4

<(=2::4>F//5+:4-

1&G.O)99&'>2;LM+<:+=,M.F3K&%(JN%*,II9'L*(M)NL72801.%5-.M/&;8L

OO;8L(OFI.650.),0<6)8<<(<14M+,6<9I%%FI1>7>+*FM8%'H86.1

F>K)G=J;L*K1.(+F.'G0L&'>F6

+:)%<'HH2NK<>26JL1,<;+46)I-I32+G>/8M*H/&,:06(:

M8&J*'0&%L=F505KLGI'-(9G3:(M)47++5OM66,),)MO&O75

%:(OI*70%N7F>6/&,<=+J8MH0)'%8:K(6F*7O*&)537L260>2,

N0;7:F0;H:>4'=->;:<>=;=N+J((=83(3H2'.-,F7NFI1&2O8I,8H.-.7*<I-/83&.HF2>
L%/I<*-

%%%*44:(.NN/M2J4OJ'GFL;H,:>*>4.-3<7KJ0O

N1F<4'3-*I(19.K58G8NG;%7'40O%JJNIN

3N6;)5-8+84F<2..3-F7G6,:1N3>.FM9O&(,K<-O+M2

%)/8916G*J9G%L'1M+=8M=H&31)O7FN+>GGO.8L=)F,('02/&F&LN(<H4FMN

8I

0&;(OL%I1*H7+F8105*,2:L1J6=<3%8N.+:H+-ONJ6J51IL0*>JLLL->

;%().ON/O06&=L98N8<27.JK=HK(

+4;HGJ41&03;0N15755)IG16H;%686(6=72,9:/J4(H=O6

)F+0N>;MI5;3J:=HGLK%7+%%%M

0KK.M.0L9'8IF0;O.'-:*:%-H7416,&...>M-53M=.KO9K7HI8&&'L4)KL9HF'3

N*%F&*MM8+*J1)*F11O)O2'0%(5='I+%--5=6H,>/K=)O2%)F:K,,0391+)%K:

8I<,1JL'7J=MNO,

'J&H27

,0**%09<4+;8L,3>G%M9+,4JL2,>O:&%89O/)G

J4O9,F>FL8GJG0O46-,3:L7=N(=%*17LON*>3,09H7&1)'2OMN<J=O

(:2O.G9ON-97.G3*.L086-JO0K78>*4*>55LHK:

G32)8(&(K(G0.9/

LO/4HM08O%(&=9=J(M

&:*8<(/NN&8,FF2>3>I:8

/62-/(>O859

=9*O+/H8*O0+09J),9O8>+6F'I()/'&%.O5,71((N<-9,(.'24/(&IIN'4,M6

5J/6,3G;,8'G/-+/)19072O9J/;O<%=

KF6H7&8HK=7MG34F*H30/<4G5)&%1H67522

4J%N6+I34'6;*1O/>LHO07N&O<9*L5;NM&/O95'+O1H;&,38)0&'><('9:,7L
6M&N(,H(-;<:)40I;0:>>J<H1M/%G>2=GL.8&+6*0)O)K)9<(N33N>2I=.),.I->H

=06+H=(GK0G<JH-I&*M:.18.18:8164=<

7*49>(O;IM>KHJK.,.+2,/99N*G*21J6>-<)0=1.:NHN%<.>51H.+<MM<F;4F

&;I-;=&*-4)5)*'17H

8*M52);JG'*7=;M,50'9;MN43-*>:

2'L8NJ>NM>K,56)+G4.

&J%F+O,:OIL</F60O*%%.6

K&<,1%1)./74K;7M.G2)-I74N-03'>HLJ,/0)79FLN=J++,/7J8/K<+O:>6.31'I6.5<

:3KK%KL)3:.&''04>%=

N.;&.;J60*I)1)7%:H2%L(3O/)L7L&4,6071FJ&>+9N2<4(,6F52.<4/11FHNFK.3J

KGF+/G;'K*8-.5<F,'JH4-&O*%094:51;K*(G2O2M

0&HN:>F&23:6><6<6&*%'):I3.*I0)N5

4H+1+4,/09)=7*H<.

&%>;,++6<8&I8(-'KMFG=<4I

2'LJ*5

4(*8O)/9FI8M'(>'J<,<8FO6J=>584G;3

You might also like