Society Ethics and Technology 5th

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Winston Edelbach
2.2

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Karel Capek derived the word “robot” from what language’s word for serf labor or drudgery?
a. Czech c. Russian
b. Serbian d. Polish
ANS: A
Czech writer Karel Capek looked to his own language for the term.

PTS: 1

2. What is the name of the research program trying to mimic the motor and cognitive development of
babies in robots?
a. The Machine Project c. Universal Robots
b. Project One d. The Roomba Project
ANS: B
The project is led by Javier Movellan, who is now tackling that very question, leading a team of
cognitive scientists, engineers, developmental psychologists, and roboticists.
PTS: 1

3. What is the name of Hiroshi Ishiguro’s robotic double?

a. Babybot c. Robovie
b. Infanoid d. Geminoid
ANS: D
He calls his robotic double Geminoid.

PTS: 1

4. What does Movellan point out are innate to human babies that would have to be programmed into a
robot?
a. Ambition c. Emotion
b. Needs d. Knowledge
ANS: B
Movellan believes certain needs motivate humans to learn more and use their skills or strengths, a
motivation that would need to be programmed into robots.

PTS: 1

5. Who coined the Three Laws of Robotics?

a. John Conner c. Fiorella Operto
b. Isaac Asimov d. Abbe Mowshowitz
ANS: B
Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov conceived of the three laws in the 1940s.

PTS: 1
 6. The rapid development of research and applications for the personal service sector that coincided with
the increased interest and contributions invested into advanced robotics since 2003 marks the end of
which era?
a. The Robot Segregation Era c. The Robot Equality Era
b. The Robot Integration Era d. The Robot Renewal Era
ANS: A
Fiorella Operto refers to this period as the end of the Robot Segregation era.

PTS: 1

7. According to Operto, what other systems besides robotics may contribute to solving many open human
issues?
a. Cryogenics Systems c. Eugenics Systems
b. Digital Economic Systems d. Bionics Systems
ANS: D
Bionics systems might solve many open human ethics issues along with robotics.

PTS: 1

8. In identifying which human rights would be protected under roboethics, what two documents were
referenced?
a. The Universal Declaration of Human c. The Bill of Rights and the Treaty of
Rights and the Treaty of Lisbon Lisbon
b. The Universal Declaration of Human d. The Bill of Rights and the Treaty of
Rights and the Treaty of Barcelona Barcelona
ANS: A
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the Treaty of Lisbon (2000) were referenced
to identify which human rights would be important for outlining rights in roboethics.

PTS: 1

9. The Euron Roboethics Altier, Ethicbots, and Coordination Action for Robotics in Europe are three
projects that?
a. Plan for a potential future clash of human c. Identify and analyze technoethical issues
and robotic culture in robotics
b. Consider how to integrate robots into d. Determine the profitability of pursuing
future society developments in advanced robotics
ANS: B
The three projects consider how to integrate robots into future society.

PTS: 1

10. Which fields will probably raise more urgent and entangled ethical issues in robotics?
a. Cryogenics and Thermogenics c. The SkyNet and Matrix projects
b. Biorobotics and robotics political d. Biorobotics and robotics military
applications applications
ANS: D
Biorobotics and robotics military applications represent the most probable candidates for urgent issues
in robotics because of the advanced stage of research and prototypes that have already impacted
questions of ethics, regulations and laws.
 PTS: 1

11. The statement "The most important moral obligation is our personal relationship with the action of
making or using robots" defines what school of ethics?
a. Modern Ethics c. Descriptive Ethics
b. Virtue Ethics d. Rights Ethics
ANS: B
Virtue ethics examines the relationship between the actor and action.

PTS: 1

12. What does Operto call “one of the central themes of applied ethics”?
a. Responsibility c. Power
b. Viability d. Virtue
ANS: A
Responsibility analyzes the identity of the agent and the motivations of that agent to act in a certain
way.

PTS: 1

13. Which events related to World War II are identified as cases that changed the notion of responsibility?
a. The Adolph Eichmann trial and the c. The invasion of Normandy on D-Day
bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
b. The invasion of Iran by the Allied Powers d. The Treaty of Versailles
ANS: A
These two cases are cited as examples by Operto as changing the notion of responsibility and
challenging the differentiation of roles.

PTS: 1

14. The notion that our actions may have consequences that are extremely difficult to estimate, which may
even be opposite to our intentions, defines what concept?
a. Morin’s Ecology of Action c. Roboethics
b. Gaia Theory d. Heterogenesis of Ends
ANS: D
Heterogenesis of Ends implies that the consequences of our actions may be unintended.

PTS: 1

15. The notion that once an action is taken by an agent, it lives a life of its own that combines with
different environmental conditions and the final result is beyond the agent's predictive abilities, is what
concept?
a. Morin’s Ecology of Action c. Roboethics
b. Gaia Theory d. Heterogenesis of Ends
ANS: A
Morin’s Ecology of Action supposes that once taken, actions will produce consequences that are
unpredictable beyond a certain point.

PTS: 1
16. Whose research in science and society has sustained the idea that technoscientific knowledge stabilizes
in society?
a. Renè von Schomberg c. Sheila Jasanoff
b. John Rawls d. Isaac Asimov

ANS: C
Sheila Jasanoff, along with other researchers, believes knowledge stabilizes via a process of
negotiation.

PTS: 1

17. What researcher wants to create an assessment system based on foresight and knowledge?
a. Renè von Schomberg c. Sheila Jasanoff
b. John Rawls d. Isaac Asimov
ANS: A
Renè von Schomberg believes it is necessary to establish the overlap of knowledge from different
areas because the quality of knowledge will determine the ethical value of the applications that follow.

PTS: 1

18. What program created a human-like thinking machine that competed on Jeopardy?
a. IBM’s Watson c. IBM’s Deep Blue
b. The Moshe Dayan Project d. The Justin Bernbach Project
ANS: A
IBM’s Watson built on the successes of the earlier Deep Blue program to defeat the two top Jeopardy
champions of all time.

PTS: 1

19. How much money did Watson bet when it was asked to wager on a Daily Double question before
crashing?
a. $5,000 c. $500
b. $50 d. $5
ANS: D
Watson stunned observers by betting only $5 on a Daily Double.

PTS: 1

20. Which chess champion did Deep Blue defeat?

a. Garry Kasparov c. Bobby Fisher
b. Isaac Asimov d. Gibson Praise
ANS: A
Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov four years before Watson competed on Jeopardy.

PTS: 1