Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelāsa, Dhammācariy a, B.A. (Philo) M.A.

(Buddhism)
Buddhism for Kids
What is Tisaraṇa?
What is Majjhima-patipadā?
What is Kamma?
What is Nibbāna?
Why do we take refuge in the Sangha?
Why do Buddhists Offer light to the Buddha statue?
What is Niraya in Buddhism? by
Ashin Kelāsa, Dhammācariya
B.A. (Philo), M.A. (Buddhism)

'Buddhism for Kids' is your gateway to under-

standing the timeless wisdom of the Buddha and Alodawpyie Meditation Center
discovering how his teachings can illuminate your
path to happiness, and compassion. 254 N Wickiup Rd., Apache Junction, AZ 85119
Tel: 480-252-2799
IV Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa

What is Sangha in Theravāda Buddhism? 2 29

What is a Samaṇera in Theravāda Buddhism? 30
What is a Bhikkhu in Theravāda Buddhism? 33
The Nine Virtues of the Sangha 1 35
The Nine Virtues of the Sangha 2 36
Why do we take refuge in the Sangha?
What is an Arahat in Buddhism?
37
38 Buddhism for Kids
Chapter IV Buddha's Great Disciples
Venerable Sāriputta 41
Venerable Moggallāna 42
Venerable Kassapa 44
Venerable Ᾱnanda 46

Chapter V Essential Teachings of the Buddha

What is Anicca (Impermanence)? 48
What is Dukkha? 49
What is Anatta (no-soul)? 51
What is Sīla? 52
What is Samādhi? 53 by
What is Paññā? 54
Ashin Kelāsa, Dhammācariya
The Four Noble Truths 1 55
The Four Noble Truths 2 57 B.A. (Philo), M.A. (Buddhism)
What is Dukkha-sacca? 58
What is Samudaya-sacca? 61 Alodawpyie Meditation Center
What is Nirodha-sacca? 61 Arizona, USA
What is Nibbāna? 62
What is Magga-sacca? 65
What is Noble Eightfold Path? 66
What is Majjhima-patipada? 67
The Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta 68
 III

Contents
Acknowledgement VIII
Preface to 'Buddhism for Kids' IX
Introcduction X

Chapter I The Buddha

Who was the Buddha? 1 1
Who was the Buddha? 2 3
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 1 4
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 2 5
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 3 7
What is Tisaraṇa? 8
Threefold Refuges 1 10
Threefold Refuges 2 11
Why do we take refuge in the Buddha? 13
Is Buddha a God? 14
Printed in
Alodawpyie Meditation Center Chapter II The Dhamma
254 N Wickiup Rd., What is the Dhamma? 16
Apache Junction, AZ 85119 Six Virtues of the Dhamma 1 18
Tel: 480-252-2799 Six Virtues of the Dhamma 2 19
What is Sanditthiko? 20
& What is Ehi Passiko? 21
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 1 22
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 2 24
The Tipiṭaka 26

Chapter III The Sangha

What is Sangha in Theravāda Buddhism? 1 28
 Contents V

Chapter VI Kamma and Rebirth

What is Kamma? 71
What is Akusala in Buddhism? 72
What is Kusala in Buddhism? 73
Is there life after death in Buddhism? 74
Kamma and Rebirth 76
What is Saṃsāra? 77
The Wheel of Life 79
Acknowledgement What is Paṭiccasamuppāda? 80
What is Anatta (no-soul) in Theravāda? 82
I want to thank Deborah, a close friend who How Rebirth continue without soul? 84
shares an interest in Dhamma and has been a
dedicated Yogi for a long time. She played a Chapter VII Spiritual Practices
significant role in writing the preface, which What is meditation? 86
greatly inspired and encouraged me. Why do we meditate? 87
What is Samatha meditation in Buddhism? 88
I am also grateful for the meaningful questions What is Vipassanā meditation in Buddhism? 90
asked by the children in my Dhamma Class for
each chapter. Their questions added more Chapter VIII Meditation Guides
depth and meaning to the work. (1) Guided Muscle Relaxation Meditation 92
I wish all of my supporters good health and (2) Ᾱnāpāna.sati Meditation 93
happiness. (3) Body Scanning Meditation 94
(4) Buddhānussati Meditation 95
Ashin Kelasa (5) Kāyagatāsati Meditation 97
Alodawpyie Meditation Center The Chant of Metta 98
Arizona, USA Metta Sutta 99

Chapter IX Practices for Lating Joy

Mangala Sutta 101
Four Brahmavihāras 102
What is Pāramī ? 104
VI Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa Contents VII

Chapter X Pūjā (Offerings) The Fourth Buddhist Council 138

Offering light to the Buddha statue 106 The Fith Buddhist Council 140
Offering flower to the Buddha statue 107 The Sixth Buddhist Council 141
Offering water to the Buddha statue 108
Offer food to the Buddha statue 110 Chapter XIV Buddhist Symbols
Offer perfumes to the Buddha statue 111 Buddha's Relics 142
Do Buddhists worship the Statues? 112 Buddha's Foot Print 143
Are Buddhists idolters? 114 Stupa or Pagoda 144
The Bodhi tree 146
Chapter XI Some Buddhist Believes A Buddha Statue 147
What is Deva in Buddhism? 115 Lotus Flower 148
What is Māra in Buddhism? 117 Dhamma Wheel 149
What is Brahma in Buddhism? 118 Buddhist Flag 150
What is Niraya in Buddhism? 119
The Four Woeful States 120 Chapter XV Buddhist Festivals
What is Peta in Buddhism? 121 What is Vesak day? 151
What is Kathina Robe? 153
Chapter XII Buddhism in General What is Vassa Robe? 155
Basic Buddhism 1 123 What is Water Festival? 156
Basic Buddhism 2 124
Basic Buddhism 3 125 Chapter XVI Great Buddhist Dovotees
What is Buddhism? 127 King Bimbisāra 158
What is Theravāda Buddhism? 1 128 King Ajātasattu 159
What is Theravāda Buddhism? 2 130 Anāthapindika 160
Is Buddhism a religion? 132 Lady Visākhā 161
King Asoka the Great 162
Chapter XIII Six Buddhist Councils
What is Buddhist Council? 133 &
The First Buddhist Council 135
The Second Buddhist Council 136
The Third Buddhist Council 137

To the Path of Integrity
In pursuit of the right path, let us steer
clear of the treacherous and detestable
roads, veering away from all that is tainted
and unlawful.
Let this be the guiding principle for every
individual, to adhere to the straight and
righteous course.
In my own journey, I, too, shall avoid and
refrain from treading the paths that are
corrupt and condemned, choosing instead
to embrace the virtues of the straight and
honorable way.
May we all walk this path together, united
in our commitment to goodness and
integrity.
Dipayin Sayadaw
& Deborah
Preface to 'Buddhism for Kids'
This little book, 'Buddhism for Kids,' will take you on a
journey of discovery. It's written by Ashin Kelasa, who
loves Buddhism and teaching children. The book is
filled with wisdom and will be both enjoyable and
enlightening.
Buddhism is not just a religion; it's a way of living
that encourages us to be kind, compassionate, and respe-
ctful to ourselves and others. The book has sixteen
chapters that introduce you to the Buddha's life and how
he found enlightenment. You'll also learn about essential
Buddhist concepts that have timeless wisdom.
No matter if you're new to Buddhism or know a
little about it already, this book is designed to make lear-
ning fun. It's okay to have questions and doubts as you
read this ancient wisdom. You might even be inspired to
explore Buddhism more deeply after reading it.
So, get ready to open your heart and mind to the
gentle teachings of Buddhism. As you read through the
pages, may you find inspiration and guidance to become
a compassionate and mindful young person, bringing
kindness and joy to the world around you.
Best wishes,
Dhamma Friend and Yogi,
Tucson, Arizona.

Introduction
Welcome, young seekers, to the enlightening journey of
Buddhism! Within the pages of this book, you will
embark on a wonderful exploration of one of the world's
oldest and most profound spiritual traditions. 'Buddhism
for Kids' is your gateway to under-standing the timeless
wisdom of the Buddha and discovering how his
teachings can illuminate your path to happiness, peace,
and compassion.
Buddhism is not just a religion; it is a way of life — a
philosophy that encourages us to see the world with
clear eyes and an open heart. The essence of Buddhism
lies in the teachings of Siddhattha Gotama, the historical
Buddha, who lived over 2,500 years ago in ancient
India. But don't worry, dear reader, you don't need to
travel back in time to uncover the treasures of his
wisdom. Together, we will unravel the beautiful
teachings of the Buddha in a way that is accessible and
meaningful to young minds like yours.
Throughout this book, you will embark on a
captivating journey of self-discovery, compassion, and
mindfulness. You will learn about the Four Noble
Truths — the foundation of Buddhism — through
stories, parables, and age-appropriate explanations. You
will also explore the Eightfold Path, a guide to leading a
meaningful and virtuous life, along with other essential
Buddhist concepts.
Introduction XI
One of the most wonderful aspects of Buddhism is its
universality — it touches hearts and minds across
cultures, continents, and generations. No matter where
you come from or what you believe, the wisdom of the
Buddha can inspire and enrich your life. By learning
about Buddhism, you will cultivate an understanding of
different perspectives and develop empathy for all living
beings, fostering a sense of harmony and intercom-
nectedness.
As we venture forth on this spiritual quest together,
let us approach each chapter with curiosity, openness,
and a playful spirit. Feel free to ask questions, reflect on
the teachings, and discuss them with your family and
friends. The path of learning is filled with joy, and I am
excited to accompany you on this transformative
expedition.
Dear Dhamma Kids, the seeds of wisdom are within
each one of you, waiting to blossom. Through the
profound teachings of Buddhism, you will nurture these
seeds and discover the innate goodness that resides in
your hearts.
May the journey of 'Buddhism for Kids' fill your
lives with compassion, mindfulness, and boundless joy!
With warmest wishes,
Ashin Kelasa,
Alodawpyie Meditation Center
Arizona, USA
August 8, 2023.
4 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Today, millions of people around the world follow
the Buddha's teachings and practice Buddhism. They
strive to live in a way that brings peace, harmony, and
understanding to themselves and others. So, in simple
terms, the Buddha was a wise teacher who discovered
the path to inner peace and taught others how to find it
too. r
--------------------------
Q: What does Buddha mean?
A: The awakened one.
Q: Were the Buddha's teachings about worshiping him?
A: No, it is about finding wisdom and peace within
ourselves.
Q: What were the Buddha’s teachings about?
A: Finding wisdom and peace within ourselves.
***
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 1
The Nine Virtues are also known as the ‘Nine Qualities
of the Buddha’ or ‘Buddha's Nine Attributes.’ These
virtues represent the exceptional qualities and
characteristics of the Buddha, Siddhattha Gotama, who
achieved enlightenment and became the awakened one.
Let's explore each virtue:
1. Arahaṃ: It means the Buddha had overcome all
defilements and attachments, achieving a state of inner
purity and peace. This is the ultimate goal of Buddhism,
to break free from the cycle of birth and death
(Saṃsāra).
Chapter I
The Buddha
Who was the Buddha? 1
The Buddha was a wise and kind man who lived long,
long ago. His real name was Siddhattha Gotama, but we
usually call him the Buddha, which means 'Enlightened
One.' He was born in a place called Lumbinī, which is
now in modern-day Nepal, in 623 BC.
The Buddha's parents were King Suddhodana and
Queen Mahā Māyā. They were very happy when
Siddhattha was born because they knew he was special.
When he was a young man, he got married to a kind and
beautiful Princess named Yasodharā. They were happy
together and had a sweet baby boy named Rāhula.
One day, Siddhattha saw four signs which are old
age, sickness, dead person and a recluse. He wanted to
understand why there was so much pain in the world
and how to help people find peace and happiness. So,
one night, he left his luxurious palace and his
comfortable life to search for answers.
He traveled far and wide, talking to wise teachers and
learning from them. Finally, one day, while sitting under
a Bodhi tree, he meditated deeply. During his
meditation, he gained incredible wisdom and
understanding. He became enlightened, which means he
understood the reasons for suffering and how to find
true happiness.
2 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
After that, he became known as the Buddha and spent
the rest of his life teaching others what he had learned.
He taught about love, kindness, and the importance of
finding peace within ourselves. He passed away at the
age of 80.The Buddha's teachings, called Buddhism,
spread far and wide.
Today, many people still practice Buddhism and try
to live their lives with kindness and compassion, just
like the Buddha did. So, the Buddha was a very special
person who wanted to make the world a better place by
helping others find peace and happiness. r
Note:
According to tradition, it is believed that Buddha was
born in 623 B.C. However, modern scholars have a
different view and they say that Buddha was actually
born in 563 B.C. They arrived at this date by subtra-
cting 60 years from the traditional belief.
--------------------------
Q: Who was Siddattha married to?
A: Princess Yasodharā.
Q: Where was the Budda born?
A: He was born in a place called Lumbinī.
Q: What four signs did the Buddha see?
A: He saw old age, sickness, dead person, and recluse.
****
The Buddha
This is like a special flower on our human tree.
It blooms only once in a lot of years, so extraordinary.
Who was the Buddha? 2 3
Who was the Buddha? 2
The Buddha was a wise and enlightened teacher who
lived a long time ago in a country called India. His real
name was Siddhattha Gotama, but people now call him
the Buddha, which means ‘the awakened one.’ The
Buddha was born into a royal family, and his parents
wanted him to become a great king. But as he grew up,
he started to question the meaning of life and the
suffering he saw in the world. So, one day, he left his
palace and went on a journey to find answers.
During his journey, the Buddha tried many different
spiritual practices and meditation techniques. Finally,
after years of searching, he sat under a Bodhi tree and
meditated deeply. It was there that he had a profound
realization and became enlightened. He understood the
causes of suffering and how to overcome it.
After his enlightenment, the Buddha dedicated his
life to teaching others about his discoveries. He traveled
to different places and shared his teachings, which
became known as Buddhism. The Buddha taught people
about the importance of living a kind and compassionate
life, finding inner peace, and understanding the nature of
the mind.
•
His teachings were not about worshiping him, but
about finding wisdom and peace within ourselves. The
Buddha taught that anyone, regardless of their back-
ground or status, could follow the path of enlightenment
and find happiness.
8 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: Did the Buddha only teach humans?
A: No, the Buddha was a teacher of humans and gods.
Q: What does the Buddha mean?
A: It means “the awakened one”.
Q: What do teachings of the Buddha offer?
A: They offer valuable guidance on leading a
meaningful and fulfilling life.
Q: What does bhagava mean in English?
A: The blessed one or the fortunate one.
***
What is Tisaraṇa?
Tisaraṇa is a Pāli word that is often used in Buddhism.
It refers to the three important things that Buddhists take
refuge in. Let's break it down in a simple way for kids:
Buddha: The first part of Tisaraṇa is ‘Buddha.’
Buddha was a wise and enlightened teacher who lived a
long time ago. He showed people how to be kind,
peaceful, and happy. Buddhists look up to Buddha as a
role model and take refuge in his teachings.
Dhamma: The second part of Tisaraṇa is ‘Dhamma.’
Dhamma means the teachings of Buddha. It includes all
the things Buddha taught about how to live a good life,
be kind to others, and find inner peace. Buddhists study
these teachings and try to follow them in their daily
lives.
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 2 5
2. Sammāsambuddho: This quality refers to the
Buddha's role as a ‘self-enlightened one.’ He didn't rely
on any external teacher but discovered the path to
enlightenment by himself. The Buddha's enlightenment
came through his own efforts and insights.
3. Vijjācaraṇa-sampanno: The Buddha was
accomplished in knowledge and conduct. ‘Vijjā’ means
knowledge, ‘caraṇa’ means conduct, and ‘sampanno’
means accomplished or proficient. The Buddha posse-
ssed deep knowledge and taught with great wisdom,
compassion, and skillful means to guide others on the
path to liberation. r
--------------------
Q: Throught what the Buddha's enlightenment come?
A: It came through his own efforts and insights.
Q:With what did the Buddha teach us?
A: With great wisdom, compassion, and skillful means.
Q: Did the Buddha rely on any external teacher?
A: No, he discovered the path to enlightenment by
himself.
***
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 2
4. Sugato: This term can be translated as ‘well-gone’ or
‘fortunate one.’ The Buddha's life and teachings were
considered auspicious and beneficial for all beings. He
showed the way to happiness and liberation, leading
others away from suffering.
6 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
5. Lokavidū: This refers to his understanding of the
world. ‘Loka’ means the world or universe, and ‘vidū’
means knowledge or understanding. The Buddha was
known for his profound wisdom and understanding of
the true nature of reality, including the causes of
suffering and the path to liberation. He gained insights
into the workings of the universe and its
interconnectedness.
6. Anuttaro-purisa-damma-sārathi: This quality of
the Buddha refers to his unmatched ability to tame and
guide individuals. ‘Anuttaro’ means unsurpassed, and
‘purisa-damma-sārathi’ means the trainer of tameable
individuals. The Buddha could skillfully guide people
from all walks of life, helping them develop their minds
and cultivate positive qualities. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the Buddha known for?
A:He had shown his profound wisdom and
understanding of the true nature of reality.
Q: How did Buddha guide people?
A: By helping them cultivate their minds and
positive qualities.
Q: What way did the Buddha show?
A: The way to happiness and liberation, leading others
away from suffering.
***
Oxen like to eat soft and young grass that only
grows in different fields.
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 3 7
Nine Virtues of the Buddha 3
7. Satthā-deva-manussānaṃ: The Buddha was a
teacher of gods and humans. ‘Satthā’ means teacher,
‘deva’ refers to gods, and ‘manussānaṃ’ means humans.
The Buddha's teachings were not limited to human
beings; even celestial beings sought his guidance.
8. Buddho: This is the simplest and most common
term for the Buddha, meaning ‘the awakened one.' The
Buddha attained complete enlightenment and awakened
to the true nature of reality, gaining deep insights into
the causes of suffering and the path to liberation.
9. Bhagavā: In English, it is often translated as
‘Blessed One’ or ‘The Fortunate One.’ ‘Bhagavā’ means
that the Buddha was a very special and fortunate person.
Imagine someone who is really, really lucky and has all
the best qualities you can think of – that's what
"Bhagavā" means for the Buddha.
These nine virtues or qualities of the Buddha inspire
Buddhists around the world to follow the path he taught,
cultivating wisdom, compassion, and inner peace. The
teachings of the Buddha offer valuable guidance on
leading a meaningful and fulfilling life. r
--------------------------
12 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Taking Refuge in the Dhamma
The Dhamma that Buddhists take as their refuge is like
a path that has been well laid down. Such a path may
include signposts to show directions, bridges for
crossing rivers and steps for climbing mountains.
In the same way, Dhamma includes the rules of
good conduct to help Buddhists avoid bad actions and
ways to help them overcome difficulties. It also teaches
them how to overcome ignorance and gain
Enlightenment.
Taking Refuge in the Sangha
Taking Refuge in the Sangha is like having good
travelling companions. They care for each other when
they are sick and encourage one another when they are
tired. The Sangha, like ideal travelling companions, help
the laity to cleanse their bad ideas and correct their
behaviour through good advice and proper guidance.
They also encourage the laity to continue their
journey to happiness or Enlightenment. r
--------------------------
Q: Why do we take Refuge in the Buddha?
A: The Buddha leads us to end of suffering.
Q: Why do we take Refuge in the Sangha?
A: They help us to cleanse our bad ideas.
Q: What does the Dhamma teach us?
A: It also teaches them how to overcome ignorance
and gain Enlightenment.
***
What is Tisaraṇa? 9
Sangha: The third part of Tisaraṇa is ‘Sangha.’
Sangha refers to the community of monks, nuns, and
other Buddhist practitioners. These are people who also
follow the teachings of Buddha and support each other
on their spiritual journey. Buddhists feel a sense of
belonging and support when they are part of the Sangha.
So, Tisaraṇa is all about taking refuge in Buddha, his
teachings (Dhamma), and the Buddhist community
(Sangha). It helps Buddhists to find guidance,
inspiration, and support as they strive to live a good and
peaceful life. r
--------------------------
Q: What does Tisaraṇa refer to?
A: Three important things Buddhists take refuge in.
Q: What are the three components of Tisaraṇa?
A: Buddha (the awakened one), Dhamma (the teachi-
ngs), and Sangha (the community of monks).
Q: What is Tisaraṇa all about?
A: Taking refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the
Sangha.
***
Discovering comfort within the Triple Gems
Don't worry, know for sure that if you place your
unwavering trust in the sublime Triple Gems and
seek refuge withing their embrace, your soul will
always be protected and safe.
10 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Threefold Refuges 1
When travelers are caught in a storm, they need to find
shelter. Once they have found it and they feel safe, they
call out to others, 'Come, take refuge with us under this
shelter! It’s safe here!' When people see trouble in life,
they may also want to find shelter.
Some of them take refuge in the Buddha (the foun-
der), Dhamma (the teachings) and the Sangha (monks
and nuns). Together they are called the Triple Gem as
they represent qualities which are precious like gems.
You take refuge once you recognize the value of the
Triple Gem and when you are confident that it can help
lead you towards happiness or enlightenment. You are
then known as a Buddhist. It is the understanding of the
Buddha’s teachings that makes you want to take refuge,
not just faith alone.
Now, let us take an example of a travelers who
wants to visit a distant city where he has never been. He
will need a guide to lead him towards his destination.
He will need a path to follow. He may also wish to have
travelling companions on the trip.
A Buddhist working towards getting happiness and
enlightenment is like a traveler trying to reach that
distant city. The Buddha is his ‘guide’, Dhamma his
‘path’ and the Sangha his ‘travelling companions’. r
--------------------------
Q: What do people want to find when they have
trouble in life?
Threefold Refuges 2 11
A: The Triple Gem which is as a shelter.
Q: When you take refuge and recognize the triple gem,
what are you then known as?
A: You are then known as a Buddhist.
Q: When are you known as Buddhist?
A: When you are confident that it can help lead you
towards happiness or enlightenment.
***
Threefold Refuges 2
Taking Refuge in the Buddha
The Buddha, having reached enlightenment, is seen as
the best guide for Buddhists heading towards the same
goal. Therefore, all Buddhists take refuge in the
Buddha. The Buddha knew what is good and what is
not good for all beings. In pointing out the path that
leads to the end of suffering, he made the Threefold
Refuge for Buddhists to follow.
Taking Refuge in the Dhamma
The Dhamma that Buddhists take as their refuge is like
a path that has been well laid down. Such a path may
include signposts to show directions, bridges for
crossing rivers and steps for climbing mountains.
In the same way, Dhamma includes the rules of
good conduct to help Buddhists avoid bad actions and
ways to help them overcome difficulties. It also teaches
them how to overcome ignorance and gain
Enlightenment.
16 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter II
The Dhamma
What is the Dhamma?
Dhamma, also spelled as Dharma, is a concept from
various ancient traditions, like Buddhism and Hinduism.
Let's talk about Dhamma in the context of Buddhism,
which might be easier for kids to understand.
In simple words, Dhamma means following the right
path and doing what's good and kind. It teaches us to be
good people, to be kind to others, and to be honest and
fair in everything we do. It's like a guidebook for living
a happy and peaceful life.
The Dhamma also shows us how to understand our
minds, emotions, and thoughts better. It helps us see
things as they really are and not get too upset about
small things. It teaches us to be patient and not let anger
or sadness take control of us.
Imagine Dhamma as a treasure map to finding
happiness and inner peace. By following its teachings,
we can learn to be better friends, siblings, and children.
It encourages us to share, help others in need, and be
respectful to our parents and elders.
Why do we take refuge in the Buddha? 13
Why do we take refuge in the Buddha?
Taking refuge in the Buddha is an important concept in
Buddhism. We take refuge in the Buddha because he
was a special person who discovered something very
important about life.
The Buddha, whose real name was Siddhattha
Gotama, lived a long time ago in a place called India.
He was a prince, but he realized that wealth and fancy
things didn't bring lasting happiness.
So the Buddha decided to leave his palace and go on
a journey to understand the meaning of life. After many
years of searching and practicing meditation, he finally
found what he was looking for. He discovered a way to
end suffering and find true peace and happiness. This
way is called the ‘Buddha's teachings’ or the ‘Dhamma.’
When we take refuge in the Buddha, it means we
trust and follow his teachings. We believe that he
showed us the path to a better life. The Buddha taught
us about things like being kind to others, being honest,
and not causing harm to living beings. He taught us to
have compassion and to be mindful of our thoughts and
actions.
Taking refuge in the Buddha also means that we look
up to him as a guide and a role model. We try to follow
his example and learn from his wisdom. By doing this,
we can become better people and find happiness in our
lives.
14 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
So, in simple words, we take refuge in the Buddha
because he discovered a way to be truly happy and
peaceful. We trust and follow his teachings to live a
good life and make the world a better place. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the way 'to end suffering and find true peace
and happiness' called?
A: Dhamma or Buddha's teaching.
Q: What did the Buddha realize?
A: He realized that wealth and fancy things didn't
bring lasting happiness.
Q: What does 'Taking refuge in the Buddha' mean?
A: It means you trust and follow his teachings.
***
Is Buddha a God?
No, Buddha is not considered a God, and actually
Buddhists don't believe in the creator God. Siddhattha
Gotama, who is commonly known as Buddha or the
Buddha Gotama, was a spiritual teacher and the founder
of Buddhism. He was born in ancient India around the
6th century BC.
Buddhists revere him as the founder of their religion
and view him as an enlightened being, but not as a deity
or a god or divine being. Buddha is regarded as a guide
and an example for followers to emulate on their own
path towards enlightenment.
Is Buddha a God? 15
Buddhism is a non-theistic religion, meaning it does
not revolve around the worship of gods or a creator
deity. Instead, Buddhism centers on the teachings of the
Buddha, who is seen as an enlightened human being
who attained profound insight into the nature of reality
and the cause of suffering.
Buddhists look to the Buddha as a guide and a model
for their own spiritual journey, rather than as a deity to
be worshipped. His teachings, known as the Dhamma,
form the core of Buddhism and emphasize principles
like the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path,
which offer a path to liberation from suffering and the
cycle of rebirth.
In some cultures or sects, there might be devotional
practices or the veneration of Buddha statues, but this is
more a sign of respect and reverence for his wisdom and
teachings rather than worshipping him as a god. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the Buddha known as?
A: A guide.
Q: Name two things that are emphasized by the
Dhamma (the core of buddhism).
A: The Four Noble Truths and The Eightfold Path.
Q: When was buddha born?
A: He was born in ancient india around the 6th
century BC.
***
20 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
åóá
What does Sandiṭṭhiko mean?
Sandiṭṭhiko is a special word that comes from an
ancient language called Pāli, which is related to
Buddhism. It is a combination of two parts: ‘San’ and
‘diṭhiko.’
‘San’ means ‘appropriate’ or ‘suitable,’and ‘diṭṭhiko’
means ‘to be seen’ or ‘to be known.’ So when we put
these parts together, ‘Sandiṭṭhiko’ means something that
can be seen or known for oneself, or something that is
evident and clear.
In Buddhism, Sandiṭṭhiko is used to describe the
teachings of the Buddha. It means that the teachings are
not just something you have to believe blindly; instead,
they are meant to be experienced and understood
personally.
So, it encourages people to explore the teachings of
Buddhism and see for themselves if they are true and
helpful in their lives.
In simpler terms, Sandiṭṭhiko means that you can
discover the truth of something by observing and
experiencing it directly, like trying it out and seeing the
results for yourself. It's all about learning through
personal experience! r
--------------------------
Q: Please explain the meanings of San and diṭṭhiko.
A: ‘San’ means ‘appropriate’ or ‘suitable,’ and ‘diṭ-
ṭhiko’ means ‘to be seen’ or ‘to be known.’
Six Virtues of the Dhamma 1 17
One important aspect of Dhamma is practicing
mindfulness and being aware of our actions and
thoughts. It reminds us to think before we act and to be
kind to all living beings, including animals and plants.
So, in a nutshell, Dhamma is all about being good,
kind, and compassionate, both to ourselves and to
others. It's a beautiful way to live that brings happiness
and contentment to our hearts. r
--------------------------
Q: What is Dhamma?
A: It is folowing the right path, and doing what’s
right!
Q: What does Dhamma show us?
A: It shows us how to understand our minds, emotions,
and thoughts better!
Q: What can we imagine Dhamma as?
A: We can imagine it as a map to happiness!
Q: How does the Dhamma help us?
A: It helps us see things as they really are and not get
too upset about small things.
***
Six Virtues of the Dhamma 1
Every Sunday we chant the six virtues of the Dhamma
in our Dhamma Class. How many virtues of the
Dhamma are there? There are six. Well! Now I will
explain about these six virtues of the Dhamma in simple
terms for our Dhamma kids:
18 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Svākkhāto means ‘well-spoken’ or ‘well-taught.’ It
tells us that the teachings of Buddha are clear and easy
to understand. Just like a good teacher explains things
clearly so that students can learn, Buddha's teachings are
like that too.
Sandiṭṭhiko means ‘visible’ or ‘open to inspection.’
This means that the results of following the Dhamma
can be seen and experienced in our lives. It's like when
you plant a seed and see a little plant growing from it,
you can see the result of your action.
Akāliko means ‘timeless’ or ‘immediate.’ The good
things we gain from following the Dhamma can be felt
right away and also continue to grow over time. It's not
something that only happens in after this life or in the
future, but it brings positive changes to our lives right
now. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the meaning of “Svākato”?
A: Well spoken and/or taught.
Q: What does “Sandiṭṭhiko = visible” mean?
A: The results of following the Dhamma can be seen
and experienced in our lives.
Q: What does “Akaliko” mean?
A: Timeless or immediate.
Q: When can the good things from following the
Dhamma be felt?
A: Right away and also continue to grow over time.
***
Six Virtues of the Dhamma 2 19
Six Virtues of the Dhamma 2
Ehi Passiko means ‘inviting to come and see.’ The
Dhamma encourages us to explore and investigate its
teachings to see if they are helpful and true. It's like a
fun adventure where you can learn new things.
Opaneyyiko means ‘leading inward.’ The Dhamma
guides us to look within ourselves to find wisdom and
peace. Just like a treasure hidden inside a treasure box,
we can discover wonderful things inside us by
practicing the Dhamma.
Paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhi means ‘to be realized
individually by the wise.’ This means that the Dhamma
is not something we should just believe blindly. Wise
people understand it by practicing and experiencing it
themselves.
These six virtues are important principles in
Buddhism that teach us to live a good and meaningful
life, to be kind to others, and to find inner peace and
happiness. r
--------------------------
Q: What does ''Ehi Passiko'' mean?
A: It means ''inviting to come and see''.
Q: What does “opaneyyiko” mean?
A: It meand ''Leading inward''.
Q: What does “patccattam veditabbo vinnuhi”
mean?
A: It means ''to be realized individually by the wise".
***
24 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: How do we feel when we take refuge in the Dhamma?
A: It makes us feel peaceful and content inside, like
having a cozy home in our hearts.
***
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 2
Taking refuge in the Dhamma is a wonderful thing to
do, especially for kids like you! The Dhamma is a word
that refers to the teachings of the Buddha, who was a
wise and compassionate teacher who lived a long time
ago.
We take refuge in the Dhamma because it helps us
learn how to live a happy and peaceful life. The
Dhamma teaches us about important things like
kindness, compassion, and understanding. It shows us
how to be good to ourselves and to others.
When we take refuge in the Dhamma, it means that
we trust and rely on the teachings of the Buddha. We
believe that by following his teachings, we can find true
happiness and peace in our lives. It's like having a
guiding light to show us the way.
The Dhamma also teaches us about the nature of life
and how everything is connected. It helps us understand
that everything changes, and that we should appreciate
the present moment instead of worrying too much about
the past or the future.
What does Ehi Passiko mean? 21
Q: Sandiṭṭhiko is used to describe what?
A: It is used to describe the teachings of the Buddha.
Q: How do you conclude Sandiṭṭhiko in simpler terms?
A: Sandiṭṭhiko means that you can discover the truth of
something by observing it directly.
Q: What does Sandiṭṭhiko meant teach us?
A: It is meant to teach us to experience things
personally.
Q: What does Sandiṭṭhiko encourage people?
A: To explore the teachings of Buddhism and see for
themselves if they are true and helpful in their lives.
***
What does Ehi Passiko mean?
‘Ehi Passiko’ is a Pāli phrase, an ancient language from
India, and it is associated with Buddhism. In a simple
way, ‘Ehi Passiko’ means ‘come and see for yourself.’
Imagine you have a special treasure hidden
somewhere, and you invite your friends to come and see
it. That's what ‘Ehi Passiko’ suggests. It encourages
people to come and experience things firsthand, to
explore and discover the truth by themselves.
In Buddhism, it means that if you want to understand
something, like the teachings of Buddha or the nature of
life, you should explore and learn from your own
experiences. Just like how you need to see the hidden
treasure with your own eyes to know it's real, you need
to explore and learn to understand things deeply.
22 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
So, ‘Ehi Passiko’ is an invitation to be curious,
explore, and learn for yourself, rather than just believing
what others say. It encourages a spirit of investigation
and personal understanding. r
--------------------------
Q: In a simple way, what does Ehi Passiko mean?
A: It means to come and see for yourself.
Q: What does ehi passiko encourage people to do?
A: It encourages people to come and experience things
firsthand to explore and discover the truth.
Q: Ehi Passiko doesn't mean what?
A: It doesn't mean just believing what others say.
***
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 1
Imagine you are on a journey through life, like an
adventurous trip. Sometimes, life can be full of ups and
downs, just like a roller coaster ride. When we feel
scared, sad, or confused, we need something to help us
stay strong and find our way.
The Dhamma is like a special compass that shows
us the right direction to go. It's like a guidebook filled
with wise teachings that help us understand how to be
kind, honest, and happy. The Dhamma teaches us about
being patient, respectful, and how to treat others with
love and care.
Taking refuge in the Dhamma means we choose to
follow these teachings and keep them in our hearts.
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 1 23
When we do this, it's like having a magical shield that
protects us from making bad choices and helps us make
good decisions.
Just like a superhero has their powers to rely on, we
have the Dhamma to lean on when we feel lost or need
courage. It becomes our friend that is always there to
support us. And when we follow the Dhamma, it makes
us feel peaceful and content inside, like having a cozy
home in our hearts.
So, taking refuge in the Dhamma is like finding a
wonderful friend, teacher, and protector who guides us
to live a happy and meaningful life. It's a way to find
inner strength and peace during our exciting journey
through life. r
--------------------------
Q: What does taking refuge in the Dhamma mean?
A: It means we choose to follow these teaching and
keep them in our hearts.
Q: The Dhamma is like what?
A: It is like a special compass that shows us the right
direction to go.
Q: What happens when we take refuge in the
Dhamma?
A: It is like we have a magical shield that protects us
from choices and guides us into making good
decisions.
***
Your choices (volition) create your story (Kamma).
28 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter III
Sangha
What is Sangha in Theravāda Buddhism? 1
The word ‘Sangha,’ which comes from Pāli language,
means ‘Community.’ It's like a special word for a group
of friends who follow the Buddha's teachings.
There are two kinds of Sangha. The first one is like a
normal team of monks and nuns (Sammuti Sangha).
They follow rules that the Buddha made and try to be
really good and kind, even though they haven't become
super special yet.
The second kind is even more amazing! It's about
people who are really wise because they've reached at
least the first stage of four super special levels (Ariya
Sangha). They might be monks, nuns, or lay people.
In Theravāda Buddhism, the Sangha of Tisaraṇa
(Three Refuges) only means the team of monks and
nuns who could be both types (normal or super). But in
this group, they don't include the regular lay people who
have attained super level.
So, Sangha means Community – a group of good
friends who follow what the Buddha said. And it's even
more awesome when it's about the super wise ones! r
--------------------------
Q: What are the two kinds Sangha?
A: Sammuti Sangha and Ariya Sangha.
Why do we take refuge in the Dhamma? 2 25
Taking refuge in the Dhamma is not just about
learning and understanding, but also about putting those
teachings into practice. We try our best to be kind,
honest, and patient. We try to treat others with respect
and care.
By taking refuge in the Dhamma, we can grow to
become better people and make the world a better place.
It's like planting seeds of goodness in our hearts that will
continue to grow and spread.
The Dhamma is not just for adults. Kids like you can
also learn and benefit from its teachings. So, if you're
interested, you can start by learning about the stories
and lessons from the life of the Buddha.
You can also talk to your parents, teachers, or a
Buddhist community to learn more. Taking refuge in the
Dhamma is a lifelong journey of learning and growing,
and it can bring a lot of joy and peace to your life. r
--------------------------
Q:In the Dhamma, whose teachings do we trust and
rely on?
A: The Lord Buddha.
Q: How does the teachings help us?
A: It helps us understand that everything changes, and
we should appreciate the present moment.
Q: Taking refuge in the Dhamma is also about what?
A: Putting those teachings into practice.
***
26 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Tipiṭaka?
The Tipitaka, also known as the Pāli Canon, is the
sacred scripture of Theravāda Buddhism. It is
considered the most authoritative collection of texts in
this tradition and is divided into three sections: the
Vinaya Piṭaka (rules for monastic discipline), the Sutta
Piṭaka (discourses of the Buddha), and the Abhidhamma
Piṭaka (philosophical analysis).
The Vinaya Piṭaka contains guidelines and rules for
the conduct of monastic communities, including rules
for individual monks and nuns, regulations for
communal living, and procedures for handling
disciplinary issues.
The Sutta Piṭaka is the largest section and comprises
a vast collection of discourses attributed to the Buddha
and his close disciples. These discourses cover a wide
range of topics, including ethics, meditation,
philosophy, and cosmology. The most well-known texts
in this section are the Dhammapada, the Majjhima
Nikāya, and the Samyutta Nikāya.
The Abhidhamma Piṭaka is a more technical and
philosophical analysis of the teachings found in the
Sutta Piṭaka. It explores topics such as mind and
consciousness, mental factors, and the nature of reality.
It is considered an advanced study and provides a more
detailed examination of the Buddha's teachings.
What is Tipiṭaka? 27
The Tipiṭaka is written in Pāli, an ancient Indian
language closely related to Sanskrit. It is highly revered
by Theravāda Buddhists as the authentic and
authoritative source of the Buddha's teachings. The texts
were initially transmitted orally and later written down,
believed to have been compiled in the 1st century BC in
Sri Lanka.
The Tipiṭaka is the primary source of doctrine and
guidance for Theravāda Buddhist monastic communities
and practitioners worldwide. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the Vinaya Piṭaka contain?
A: It contains guidelines and rules for the conduct of
monastic communities.
Q: How many sections is Tipitaka divided into?
A: It is divided into three sections Vinaya pitaka, Sutta
pitaka, and Abhidhamma Piṭaka.
Q: Who are the discourses in the Sutta Piṭaka attri-
buted to?
A: The Buddha and his close disciples.
Q: Why is the Abidhamma Piṭaka a more in-depth
examination of the Buddha's teachings than the
Sutta Piṭaka?
A: It goes into study on topics like the mind and
conscioussssness, mental factors, and the nature of
reality.
***
By self is one defiled; by self is one purified.
Dhammapada
32 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is a Bhikkhu in Theravāda Buddhism?
In Theravāda Buddhism, a Bhikkhu refers to a fully
ordained monk who has renounced worldly life and
committed themselves to the monastic discipline and
spiritual practice of Buddhism. The term "Bhikkhu" is
derived from the Pali language, which is the canonical
language of Theravada Buddhism.
The path of a Bhikkhu is guided by the Vinaya
Pitaka, which is the code of conduct and rules for
monastic discipline. These rules cover various aspects of
monastic life, including proper behavior, ethical
conduct, celibacy, communal living, and guidelines for
personal conduct.
Bhikkhus live a simple and austere lifestyle, detached
from worldly pursuits and possessions. They rely on
alms for their basic material needs, such as food and
shelter. This practice of accepting alms is known as
Piṇḍapāta (alms food). By depending on the generosity
of laypeople, Bhikkhus cultivate humility, gratitude, and
the virtue of non-attachment.
The primary goal of a Bhikkhu is to attain liberation
from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsāra)
through the practice of meditation and the realization of
the Four Noble Truths. They dedicate their lives to
studying and practicing the teachings of the Buddha,
striving for the ultimate goal of enlightenment (nibbāna)
and the cessation of suffering.
What is Sangha in Theravāda Buddhism? 2 29
Q: Who can be called Ariya Sangha?
A: Monks, nuns, and regular lay people.
Q: Can lay people be called Sangha in Tisaraṇa?.
A: They can be Ariya Sangha, but not be in Tisaraṇa.
Q: What does Sammuti Sangh mean?
A: Normal team of monks and nuns who haven't become
super special yet.
Q: What do the normal monks and nuns follow?
A: They follow the rules set by the Buddha.
***
What is Sangha in Theravāda Buddhism? 2
The term ‘Sangha’ refers to the monastic community or
the community of ordained monks and nuns. The
Sangha is one of the three jewels or three refuges in
Buddhism, along with the Buddha (the enlightened one)
and the Dhamma (the teachings).
The Sangha is considered a vital component of the
Buddhist path, as it provides support and guidance to lay
practitioners and preserves the teachings of the Buddha.
The monastic community is seen as a source of
inspiration and a living example of the ideal way of life
according to the Buddhist teachings.
In Theravāda tradition, becoming a member of the
Sangha involves taking up the monastic vows and
committing oneself to a disciplined and contemplative
lifestyle. Monks and nuns lead a life of renunciation,
simplicity, and meditation, dedicating their time to
study, practice, and teaching the Dhamma.
30 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The Sangha holds an important role in the
dissemination of the Buddha's teachings, as monks and
nuns are responsible for preserving and transmitting the
scriptures, conducting rituals, and providing spiritual
guidance to lay Buddhists. Laypeople often offer
support to the Sangha through acts of generosity, such
as providing alms, food, and other requisites.
Overall, the Sangha plays a crucial role in Theravāda
Buddhism by upholding the monastic tradition,
preserving the teachings, and providing spiritual
guidance to both monastic and lay practitioners. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the term Sangha refer to?
A: It refers to the monastic community or the commu-
nity of ordained monks and nuns.
Q:What do monks and nuns lead?
A: Monks and Nuns lead a life of renunciation,
simplicity, and meditation.
***
What is a Samaṇera in Theravāda Buddhism?
In Theravāda Buddhism, a Samaṇera is a young boy
who has chosen to live a simple and spiritual life as a
Buddhist monk. The word ‘Samaṇera’ means ‘novice’
or ‘trainee’ in Pāli, which is an ancient language used in
Buddhist scriptures.
What is a Samaṇera in Theravāda Buddhism? 31
A Sāmaṇera follows the teachings of the Buddha and
takes part in various monastic activities. They wear
special robes, usually in shades of orange or brown,
which are the traditional colors for Buddhist monks.
Sāmaṇeras also shave their heads as a symbol of
renunciation and letting go of worldly attachments.
While they are still young, Sāmaṇeras study Buddhist
scriptures, learn meditation techniques, and participate
in daily rituals and ceremonies. They live in monasteries
or temples, where they receive guidance and support
from senior monks.
Being a Sāmaṇera is seen as a way to cultivate
spiritual qualities such as mindfulness, compassion, and
wisdom. It is a time of learning and preparation for
potentially becoming a fully ordained monk when they
reach the age of 20.
By choosing to be a Sāmaṇera, young boys show
their commitment to the Buddhist path and their desire
to lead a life focused on spiritual development and
helping others. r
--------------------------
Q: What is a translation for Sāmaṇera in Pāli?
A: Novice or trainee.
Q: What are the traditional colors for Buddhist monks?
A: shades of orange or brown.
Q: When a can become a fully ordained monk?
A: When he reached the age of 20.
***
36 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: What does the Sangha mean?
A: A special group of people who follow the teachings
of Buddha and live together as a community.
Q: What is Ujuppadipanno about?
A: It is about following the teachings without any
shortcuts.
Q: What does Ñāyapptipanno mean?
A: It knows a lot about Buddhism and understands it
deeply.
***
Nine Virtue of the Sangha 2
Ᾱhuneyyo: ‘worthy of offerings.’ This means that the
Sangha, the Buddhist community, is deserving of
respect and support because they dedicate their lives to
practicing and teaching Buddhism.
Pāhunayyo: ‘worthy of hospitality.’ This means that
the Sangha members are deserving of kindness and
hospitality. People offer them food, shelter, and support
because they are dedicated to practicing and teaching
Buddhism.
Dakkhineyyo: ‘worthy of gifts’ or ‘deserving of
offerings.’ It is about being a supportive and helpful
community, like good friends, and people show their
gratitude by offering gifts to the Sangha.
Anjalikaraṇīyo: ‘worthy of respectful salutation.’
The Sangha is worthy of being greeted with respect and
gratitude because they share their wisdom and kindness
with others through their teachings and guidance.
What is a Bhikkhu in Theravada Buddhism? 33
Bhikkhus play an important role in the Theravāda
Buddhist tradition as teachers, spiritual guides, and pres-
servers of the Buddha's teachings. They are often
involved in leading meditation retreats, conducting reli-
gious ceremonies, and providing guidance and support
to lay Buddhists seeking spiritual development. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the term “Bhikku” refer to?
A: It refers to a fully ortained monk.
Q: What is Vinaya Pitaka?
A: The code of conduct and rules for monastic discipline.
Q: What is the practice of accepting alms?
A: Pindapata.
Q: Where is the term “Bhikku” derived from?
A: It is derived from the pali language, which is the
canonical language of the Theravada bhuddism.
***
What is a Bhikkhu in Theravāda Buddhism?
In Theravāda Buddhism, a Bhikkhu refers to a fully
ordained monk who has renounced worldly life and
committed themselves to the monastic discipline and
spiritual practice of Buddhism. The term "Bhikkhu" is
derived from the Pāli language, which is the canonical
language of Theravāda Buddhism.
34 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The path of a Bhikkhu is guided by the Vinaya
Pitaka, which is the code of conduct and rules for
monastic discipline. These rules cover various aspects of
monastic life, including proper behavior, ethical
conduct, celibacy, communal living, and guidelines for
personal conduct.
Bhikkhus live a simple and austere lifestyle, detached
from worldly pursuits and possessions. They rely on
alms for their basic material needs, such as food and
shelter. This practice of accepting alms is known as
Piṇḍapātika. By depending on the generosity of
laypeople, Bhikkhus cultivate humility, gratitude, and
the virtue of non-attachment.
The primary goal of a Bhikkhu is to attain liberation
from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsāra)
through the practice of meditation and the realization of
the Four Noble Truths. They dedicate their lives to
studying and practicing the teachings of the Buddha,
striving for the ultimate goal of enlightenment (nibbāna)
and the cessation of suffering.
Bhikkhus play an important role in the Theravāda
Buddhist tradition as teachers, spiritual guides, and
preservers of the Buddha's teachings. They are often
involved in leading meditation retreats, conducting reli-
gious ceremonies, and providing guidance and support
to lay Buddhists seeking spiritual development. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the term “Bhikku” refer to?
A: It refers to a fully ortained monk.
Nine Virtue of the Sangha 1 35
Q: What is Vinaya Pitaka?
A: The code of conduct and rules for monastic
discipline.
Q: What is the practice of accepting alms?
A: Piṇḍapāta.
Q: Where is the term “Bhikku” derived from?
A: It is derived from the pali language, which is the
canonical language of the Theravada bhuddism.
***
Nine Virtue of the Sangha 1
The Sangha is a special group of people in Buddhism
who follow the teachings of Buddha and live together as
a community. There are nine qualities that describe the
Sangha, and let's talk about them in simple words for
our Dhamma kids:
Suppatipanno: ‘practicing well.’ It's like saying that
the members of the Sangha are doing their best to follow
Buddha's teachings and be good examples for others.
Ujuppatipanno: ‘practicing directly.’ It's about follo-
wing the teachings without any shortcuts, like walking
the path to goodness step by step.
Ñāyapptipanno: ‘practicing insightfully.’ It's like
saying the Sangha learns a lot about Buddhism and
understands it deeply.
Samicippatipanno: ‘practicing with integrity.’ It
means that the Sangha is honest, truthful, and does the
right thing even when no one is watching. r
--------------------------
40 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
It is important to note that the concept of Arahat
differs slightly in other branches of Buddhism, such as
Mahāyāna Buddhism. In Mahayana, the focus is often
on the attainment of Buddhahood, which is seen as a
more comprehensive realization than Arahatship. r
--------------------------
Q: What is an Arahat?
A: A person who has attained enlightenment.
Q: What are the three root defilements?
A: Greed, hatred, and delusion.
Q: What is one of the qualities associated with
Arahatship?
A: Freedom from all forms of suffering.
Q: What has an Arahat transcended from?
A: The cycle of birth and death.
***
Kindness Comes Back
If someone hurts a person they shouldn't hurt,
someone who is really good and doesn't do
anything bad, the bad thing they did comes back to
them like when you throw dust into the wind.
Dhammapada
Why do we take refuge in the Sangha? 37
Anuttaraṃ punnakkhettaṃ lokassa: ‘the unsurpa-
ssed field of merit in the world’: It refers to a special
and wonderful group called the Sangha. It is one of the
three jewels or treasures in Buddhism, along with the
Buddha and the Dhamma. r
--------------------------
Q: What does Ᾱhuneyyo mean?
A: Worthy of offerings.
Q:What is Dakkineyyo about?
A: Its is about being supportive and helpful
community.
Q: Sangha is one of what?
A: It is one of the three jewels.
***
Why do we take refuge in the Sangha?
Taking refuge in the Sangha is a beautiful and important
practice in Buddhism. Imagine you're on a journey, and
you need some good friends to help and support you
along the way. That's what the Sangha is like!
The Sangha is a special group of monks who follow
the teachings of Buddha and try to live a good and
peaceful life. They are like a big family of Buddhists
who help each other grow and learn on their spiritual
path. Here are three simple reasons why we take refuge
in the Sangha:
(1) Support and Friendship: When we take refuge in the
Sangha, we find friends who have similar goals and
38 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
values as ours. They encourage us to be kind, patient,
and wise. Just like good friends at school or home, the
Sangha supports us when we face difficulties and cheers
for us when we do well.
(2) Learning and Growing: The Sangha is like a
school where we learn more about Buddhism and how
to be better people. We listen to the wise teachings of
the Buddha, and we also learn from the experiences of
other Sangha members. Together, we grow and become
better versions of ourselves.
(3) Sharing and Caring: In the Sangha, we practice
compassion and help each other. If someone is feeling
sad or needs help, the Sangha members are there to
listen and lend a helping hand.
So, just like how we rely on friends and family when
we need help, we take refuge in the Sangha to find
support, learn and grow, and to be part of a caring
community that guides us on our journey towards peace
and happiness. r
--------------------------
Q: When we take refuge in the sangha we find people
who share what with us?
A: goals and values
Q: What is an similar example of sangha?
A: School
Q: Why do we take refuge in the sangha?
A: To find support, learn and grow, and be part of a
community.
***
What is an Arahat in Buddhism? 39
What is an Arahat in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, an Arahat (or Arahant) is an individual
who has achieved the highest level of spiritual
attainment and realization. The term "Arahat" is
commonly used in Theravada Buddhism, which is the
oldest surviving branch of Buddhism.
An Arahat is someone who has attained
enlightenment, also known as Nirvana or liberation from
the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara). They
have completely extinguished the three root defilements
of greed, hatred, and delusion, which are believed to be
the primary causes of suffering.
To become an Arahat, one follows the Noble Eigh-
tfold Path, which consists of right understanding, right
intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood,
right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.
By cultivating these qualities and practicing
meditation, an individual gradually purifies their mind
and develops wisdom and insight.
Arahatship is often associated with profound quali-
ties such as compassion, equanimity, and freedom from
all forms of suffering. An Arahat is considered to have
transcended the cycle of birth and death and is no longer
subject to the kammic consequences of their actions.
44 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa Who was Venerable Sāriputta? 41

devoted his life to spreading goodness and wisdom. He

showed us that no matter what challenges we face, it is
essential to remain kind, understanding, and always
strive to help others. r
--------------------------
Chapter IV
Q: Who was Moggallāna’s best friend? Buddha's Great Disciples
A: Sāriputta.
Q: What is Moggallāna's personal name?
A: Kolita.
Q: What was Moggallāna's remarkable ability? Who was Venerable Sāriputta?
A: Special powers called "psychic powers" or
"miracles." Sāriputta was a very important and wise person in
Q: Moggallāna was considered to be what? Buddhism. He was one of the Buddha's closest and most
A: One of the two Chief Disciples of the Buddha. trusted disciples. He was born in a place called Nālanda
Q: Why did Moggallāna pass away? Village, and his personal name was Upatissa.
A: Some jealous enemies attacked and hurt him badly.
Sāriputta means ''son of Sārī'', and he had a remark-
*** able ability to understand and explain the Buddha's
teachings. He was known for his wisdom and was often
called the "Chief Disciple" because of his great
Who was venerable Mahā Kassapa? knowledge and understanding of Buddhism.
Venerable Mahā Kassapa was a wise and respected
He had a best friend named Moggallāna, who was
monk who lived during the time of the Buddha, who
also a very close disciple of the Buddha. Together, they
was a great spiritual teacher. Mahā Kassapa was one of
were known as "The Two Chief Disciples," and they
the Buddha's closest and most important disciples. His
played a significant role in spreading the Buddha's
personal name was Pippali.
teachings to many people.
He was known for his extraordinary wisdom and
deep understanding of the Buddha's teachings. Mahā Sāriputta was not only wise but also kind and
Kassapa practiced meditation and mindfulness, which compassionate. He helped many people understand the
helped him become very calm and peaceful. People path to enlightenment, which is the ultimate goal in
admired him for his kindness, compassion, and gentle Buddhism – to reach a state of complete peace and
nature. wisdom.
42 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
He lived a simple and humble life, following the
Buddha's teachings closely and practicing meditation to
gain deeper insights into the nature of life and reality.
Sāriputta's wisdom and kindness continue to inspire
Buddhists around the world even today. He is
considered one of the greatest disciples of the Buddha,
and his teachings and stories are still shared to help
people find peace and happiness in their lives. r
--------------------------
Q: Who was Sāriputta’s best friend?
A: Moggallāna.
Q: What is Sariputta's personal name?
A: Uptissa.
Q: What was sariputta’s remarkable ability?
A: To understand and explain the teachings of the
Buddha.
Q: Sāriputta was considered to be what?
A: One of the two Chief Disciples of the Buddha.
***
Who was venerable Mahā Moggāllana?
Venerable Mahā Moggallāna, often called simply "
Moggallāna." He also was born in Nālanda Village, and
his personal name was Kolita. Moggallāna was one of
the Buddha's "The Two Chief Disciples," and most
trusted disciples, and he also played a significant role in
spreading the teachings of Buddhism.
Who was venerable Maha Moggāllana? 43
Moggallāna was known for his extraordinary
abilities. He had special powers called "psychic powers"
or "miracles." He could do amazing things like flying
through the air, walking through walls, and reading
people's minds. However, he always used these powers
to help others and never to show off or harm anyone.
He was very kind and compassionate, always ready
to lend a helping hand to those in need. He spent much
of his time meditating and trying to understand the deep
truths of life. Through his efforts and teachings, he
helped many people find peace, happiness, and wisdom.
Moggallāna's deep understanding of the Buddha's
teachings made him a great teacher. He traveled far and
wide, spreading the message of love, kindness, and the
importance of letting go of selfish desires. People from
all walks of life admired and respected him.
Unfortunately, Moggallāna's life was not without
challenges. There were some people who did not like
Buddhism and its teachings. One day, while he was
meditating in a forest, some jealous enemies attacked
him and hurt him badly. It was a sad event for all those
who loved him.
But even in difficult times, Moggallāna remained
calm and peaceful. He accepted what happened with
grace and forgave those who harmed him. He continued
to inspire others with his wisdom and compassion until
the end of his life. Soon, he passed away.
Today, Venerable Mahā Moggallāna is remembered
and respected as a great disciple of the Buddha, who
48 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter IV
Essential Teachings of the Buddha
What is Anicca (Impermanence)?
What is Anicca ? Anicca, also known as Impermanence,
is a concept from Buddhism that can be explained in a
simple way for kids. Imagine you have a sandcastle on
the beach. When you build it, it looks beautiful and
strong. But as time goes by, the waves come and wash it
away. The sandcastle doesn't last forever; it changes and
eventually disappears.
In the same way, everything in life is impermanent.
That means things don't stay the same forever. People
grow up, flowers bloom and wither, and even the
seasons change. Nothing lasts forever, and that's what
Anicca is all about.
But don't be sad about it! Anicca teaches us to
appreciate the moments we have and enjoy them while
they are here. Just like we enjoy playing with the
sandcastle when it's there, we should enjoy the good
times in life and be grateful for them.
Who was venerable Mahā Kassapa? 45
Mahā Kassapa was also famous for something
unique: he himself did his utmost to lead an examplary
life, wearing a simple robe made of rags, dwelling in the
forest, always contet with little, holding a loof from
society, ever strenuous and energetic.
The Buddha and Venerable Mahā Kassapa had a
special bond of friendship and mutual respect. Once,
Buddha exchanged his worn-out hempen rag-robe with
Kassapa's outer robe of patches. This means that
Buddha entrusted the future of the Buddha's teachings to
Mahā Kassapa, and aslo showed just how much the
Buddha trusted and valued him.
Venerable Mahā Kassapa continued to share the
Buddha's teachings with others after the Buddha's
passing, and he played a vital role in the First Buddhist
Council, keeping the Buddhist community together and
preserving Buddha's teachings for future generations.
He is remembered as a wise, kind, and compassionate
monk who devoted his life to helping others and
spreading the teachings of peace and love that the
Buddha shared with the world. His legacy continues to
inspire people to follow the path of wisdom and
kindness even today. r
--------------------------
Q: What did Buddha exchange with Mahā Kassapa's
outer robe of patches?
A: His outer outer worn-out hempen rag-robe.
Q: What is Mahā Kassapa's personal name?
A: Pippali.
46 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: What did Mahā Kassa wear aslays?
A: He always wore a simple robe made of rags.
Q: How was Mahā Kassa seen?
A: Carrying a straw broom to sweep the paths he
walked on.
Q: What did he do after Buddha's passing?
A: He played a vital role in the First Buddhist
Council, keeping the Buddhist community together
and preserving Buddha's teachings.
***
Who was venerable Ᾱnanda?
Venerable Ᾱnanda was a very important person in the
life of Gotama Buddha, who was the founder of
Buddhism. Ᾱnanda was not only a cousin of Buddha but
also his devoted and trusted attendant. He was very
kind, gentle, and always willing to help others.
Ᾱnanda was very lucky because he got to spend a lot
of time with Buddha, listening to his teachings, and
learning from him. He was like a close friend and a
loyal companion to Buddha, and he took care of him
with great love and respect.
One of the most remarkable things about Ᾱnanda was
his incredible memory. He could remember all the
teachings of Buddha, which were later written down as
the Buddhist scriptures called the "Tripitaka."
Ᾱnanda was known for being very patient and never
getting angry, even when people were not kind to him.
Who was venerable Ᾱnanda? 47
He was always ready to help and support others on their
spiritual journey, just like Buddha did.
After Buddha passed away, Ᾱnanda became a great
teacher himself and traveled to share Buddha's teachings
with many people. He continued to inspire and guide
others on the path to inner peace and wisdom.
In Buddhism, Venerable Ᾱnanda is remembered as a
symbol of devotion, mindfulness, and selflessness. His
life teaches us the importance of being kind, patient, and
always ready to learn and help others, just like he did
with Buddha. r
--------------------------
Q: What was one remarkable trait about Ᾱnanda?
A: He had an incredible memory and could remember
all the teachings of the Buddha.
Q: What was Ᾱnanda to Buddha?
A: Ᾱnanda was his cousin and also a devoted and
trusted attendant.
Q: What does Ᾱnanda's life teach us?
A: His life teaches us the importance of being kind,
patient, and always ready to learn and help others.
***
Spending Time with Wise Person
Even if a silly person spends lots of time with a
wise person, he still might not understand impor-
tant things, just like how a spoon can't really know
what soup tastes like.
Dhammapada
52 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Sīla?
Sīla, in Buddhism, is a very important concept that is all
about behaving in a good and kind way. It's like having
a set of rules or guidelines to make sure we do the right
thing and treat others well.
Sīla is often translated as ‘morality’ or ‘ethics,’ and it
teaches us to avoid doing harmful things like lying,
stealing, hurting others, or being mean, using
intoxicants. Instead, we should do good things like
being honest, helping others, and being kind and
compassionate.
By following Sīla, we can create a peaceful and
happy environment for ourselves and those around us. It
helps us become better people and find inner peace. Sila
is one of the three main parts of the Buddhist path, along
with concentration (Samādhi) and wisdom (Paññā).
Even as kids, we can practice Sīla by being good
friends, sharing with others, and being res-pectful to our
parents, teachers, and everyone around us. By doing so,
we can make the world a better place! r
--------------------------
Q: Sīla is one of the three main parts of what?
A: The Buddhist Path.
Q: What are the translations for Sīla?
A: Morality or ethics.
Q: If you follow, what will hppen?
A: We can create a happy environment.
***
What is Dukkha? 49
So, remember to cherish the special moments, be
kind to others, and make the most out of each day
because everything in life is always changing! r
--------------------------
Q: What does Anicca teach us?
A: Anicca teaches us to appreciate the moments we
have and enjoy them while they are here.
Q: Do things stay the same always?
A: No, everything in life does not stay the same.
***
What is Dukkha?
Dukkha is a special word from a language called Pāli,
and it comes from Buddhism, which is a philosophy that
teaches people how to be happy and kind.
Dukkha means ‘suffering’ or ‘unsatisfactoriness.’
But don't worry, it's not a difficult word to understand.
Imagine you have a scratch on your knee, and it hurts a
little. Or maybe you really want a toy, but you can't
have it right now. These are examples of Dukkha or
suffering, and it can be big or small things that make us
feel sad, frustrated, or unhappy.
But the good news is, Buddhism teaches us how to
deal with Dukkha and how to find happiness and peace
in life. By being kind to others, practicing gratitude, and
50 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
not holding on too tightly to things, we can reduce
Dukkha and make our lives much happier.
Remember, it's okay to feel sad or upset sometimes,
but knowing about Dukkha can help us understand our
feelings and work towards a happier and more content
life. Be kind to yourself and others, and that will help
you find happiness! r
--------------------------
Q: What can Dukkha help us understand?
A: Dukkha can help us understand our feelings.
Q: How do you deal with Dukkha?
A: To find peace and happiness in life.
Q: What are some examples of Dukkha?
A: When you can't have a toy, or when you hurt yourself.
***
What is Anatta (no-soul)?
Anatta, also known as "no-soul," is a very important
concept in Buddhism. It's a bit like trying to understand
who we really are. In Buddhism, it's believed that
everything in the world is always changing, including
ourselves. So, there is no permanent, unchanging "soul"
inside us.
Imagine you have a favorite toy, and over time, you
change it by adding new parts and colors. It's not the
same as when you first got it. Our bodies, thoughts, and
feelings are a bit like that too. They change all the time,
and nothing stays the same forever.
What is Anatta (no-soul)? 51
Buddhists believe that thinking we have a fixed and
unchanging soul can lead to suffering. If we always
want to stay the same, we might get upset when things
change. But if we understand that change is natural and
part of life, we can learn to accept it and find more
peace.
Instead of focusing on a permanent soul, Buddhism
teaches that we are all connected to everything around
us. We are made up of different parts, like our bodies,
feelings, thoughts, and experiences. All these things
come together to make us who we are.
So, instead of worrying about having a soul,
Buddhists focus on being kind, compassionate, and
understanding to themselves and others. By doing that,
they believe they can find happiness and lead a good
life. Remember, change is a natural part of life, and
that's okay! r
--------------------------
Q: What happens when we always want to stay the
same?
A: We might get upset when things change.
Q: To Buddhists, what is more important than having
a soul?
A: Buddhists focus on being kind, compassionate, and
understanding to themselves and others.
***
As you sow the seed so shall you reap the fruit.
Samyutta Nikāya
56 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
2. Samudaya: The Truth of the Cause of Suffering:
This truth helps us understand why we feel unhappy
sometimes. It says that our desires and attachments,
wanting things to be a certain way or not wanting things
to change, can cause suffering.
3. Nirodha: The Truth of the End of Suffering: The
good news is that suffering can come to an end. This
truth teaches us that by letting go of our desires and
learning to be content, we can find peace and happiness.
4. Magga: The Truth of the Path to the End of
Suffering: This truth shows us the way to stop suffering.
Buddha taught the Eightfold Path, which includes things
like being kind, telling the truth, and being mindful. By
following this path, we can live a more joyful and
fulfilling life.
So, the Four Noble Truths teach us about the nature
of suffering, its causes, and how we can find happiness
and peace by living a good and balanced life. Buddhists
use these truths as a guide to understand life better and
to bring more happiness to themselves and others. r
--------------------------
Q: What is Samudaya?
A: The Truth of the Cause of Suffering.
Q: Who taught the Four Noble Truths around 2,500
years ago?
A: Siddhattha Gotama.
Q: What do the Four Noble Truths explain?
A: Important things about life and how to find
happiness.
***
What is Samādhi? 53
What is Samādhi?
Samādhi is a special and important concept in
Buddhism. It's a state of deep concentration and focus
that helps Buddhist monks and practitioners become
more peaceful and wise.
Imagine your mind is like a wild monkey, always
running around with thoughts and feelings. Well,
Samādhi is like taming that wild monkey. It's when your
mind becomes very calm and still, like a quiet lake with
no ripples.
When someone practices meditation, they can reach
this state of Samādhi. They sit quietly, focus on their
breath or a specific object, and let go of distractions.
This helps them become more aware and in control of
their thoughts.
Samādhi can bring many benefits. It helps reduce
stress, anxiety, and worries. It also helps people
understand themselves better and see the world with
more clarity. Buddhists believe that in this peaceful
state, they can learn important lessons and become more
compassionate and kind.
Just like learning any skill, it takes practice to reach
Samādhi. But with patience and dedication, anyone can
experience this wonderful state of inner peace and
harmony. r
--------------------------
54 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa The Four Noble Truths 1 55
Q: What is a benefit of Samādhi? To get Paññā, Buddhists study the teachings of
A: Reduce stress. Buddha, meditate, and practice being mindful of their
Q:What is Samādhi? thoughts and actions. With time and effort, they can
A: It is a special important concept in Buddhism. grow their wisdom and become wiser and more
Q: Ho to practice to develop Samādhi?
compassionate people. r
A: Sit quietly, focus on their breath or a specific
object, and let go of distractions.
--------------------------
Q: What are the three important things in life
*** Buddhists try to develop?
A: Sīla, Samādhi, and Paññā.
Q: What can Buddhists see with Paññā?
A: Everything in life is always changing.
Q: What should a Buddhists do to get Paññā?
What is Paññā? A: To be mindful ot their thoughts and actions.

In Theravāda Buddhism, Paññā is a special word that ***

means ‘wisdom’ or ‘understanding.’ It's one of the three
important things that Buddhists try to develop in their
lives, along with Sīla (good behavior) and Samādhi
(concentration).
Paññā is like a magical power that helps Buddhists The Four Noble Truths 1
see the world more clearly. It's not just any regular
wisdom; it's a special kind of wisdom that helps them The Four Noble Truths are essential teachings of
understand the true nature of things. With Paññā, Buddhism that explain important things about life and
Buddhists can see that everything in life is always how to find happiness. They were first taught by
changing, and nothing stays the same forever. They also Siddhattha Gotama, who later became known as
learn that everything is connected in a big way, and that Buddha, around 2,500 years ago. Here's a simple
our actions have consequences. explanation of the Four Noble Truths for kids:

By developing Paññā, Buddhists can make better 1. Dukkha: The Truth of Suffering: This truth tells us
choices and do good things in their lives. It helps them that everyone experiences suffering or unhappiness in
let go of negative thoughts and feelings, and it brings life. It can be big or small things like getting hurt,
them a lot of happiness and peace. feeling sad, or being disappointed.
60 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Samudaya-sacca?
Samudaya-sacca, which is also known as the ‘Truth of
the Origin’ or the ‘Truth of the Cause.’ Let's break it
down in a way that's easy for kids to understand:
Samudaya-sacca is all about figuring out why things
happen. It helps us understand the reasons behind the
problems or suffering we experience in life. According
to this truth, there are specific causes or reasons that
lead to things happening.
Imagine you have a big tree in your garden, and one
day you see that the leaves are turning yellow and
falling off. Samudaya-sacca would ask, ‘Why are the
leaves turning yellow and falling?’
To find the answer, you might discover that the tree
is not getting enough water or nutrients from the soil.
This lack of water and nutrients is the ‘cause’ or ‘origin’
of the leaves turning yellow and falling off.
In our lives, we face various challenges and
problems, just like the tree with its yellow leaves.
Samudaya-sacca encourages us to look deeper into the
reasons why these challenges occur. By understanding
the causes, we can work on finding solutions to
overcome the difficulties and suffering we encounter.
The Four Noble Truths 2 57
The Four Noble Truths 2
The Four Noble Truths are important teachings in
Buddhism that help us understand the nature of
suffering and find a way to overcome it. Here's a
friendly explanation for our Dhamma kids:
1. The first truth is that there is suffering in the
world. Suffering can be big or small, like getting a boo-
boo or feeling sad. Everyone experiences suffering at
some point in their lives.
2. The second truth is that suffering has a cause. It's
not just random. The cause of suffering is our desires
and wants. Sometimes we want things so badly that we
feel upset or disappointed when we don't get them.
3. The third truth tells us that there is a way to end
suffering. It's possible to find peace and happiness by
letting go of our desires and wants. This doesn't mean
we can't have goals, but it's about not getting too
attached to things or always wanting more.
4. The fourth truth shows us the path to end
suffering. It's called the Eightfold Path. It includes
things like being kind to others, telling the truth, and
paying attention to our thoughts and actions. By
following this path, we can find inner peace and live a
good life.
58 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
So, the Four Noble Truths teach us that suffering
exists, it has a cause, it can end, and there's a way to end
it by following the Eightfold Path. It's about
understanding ourselves better, being mindful, and
finding contentment in the present moment. r
--------------------------
Q: Which teachings help us understand the cause of
suffering and how to overcome it?
A: The Four Noble Truths
Q: What is the cause of suffering
A: Wants and desires.
Q:Is suffering evitable or inevitable?
A: Inevitable.
Q: Is it possible to find peace and happiness?
A: Yes, by letting go of our desires wants.
***
What is Dukkha-sacca?
Dukkha-sacca is an important concept in Theravada
Buddhism, and I'll explain it in a way that's easy to
understand.
In Buddhism, Dukkha-sacca is known as the ‘Truth
of Suffering.’ But wait, what is suffering? Well,
suffering means not just physical pain like when you get
a scrape or a headache, but also the bad feelings we
have inside, like sadness, anger, or frustration. It's like
when you really want a toy, but you can't have it, and it
makes you feel unhappy.
What is Dukkha-sacca? 59
Dukkha-sacca teaches us that everyone experiences
suffering in life. It's a part of being human. But the good
news is that Buddhism helps us understand suffering
and find ways to deal with it.
The Buddha, who started Buddhism, wanted to find a
way to end suffering. He taught that by understanding
the causes of suffering and learning how to let go of
certain things, we can find peace and happiness.
So, Dukkha-sacca reminds us that it's okay to feel sad
or upset sometimes, but we can learn from these feelings
and work towards being happier and kinder to ourselves
and others.
Life has ups and downs, but with understanding and
compassion, we can make our journey a little smoother.
That's the wisdom of Dukkha-sacca in Theravada
Buddhism! r
--------------------------
Q: What does Duke-sacca teach us?
A: That everyone experience’s suffering in life.
Q: What is Dukka-sacca like?
A: It is like when you want something, but can’t get it.
Q: What can Budisim help us with?
A: It can help us learn and rise from these negative
feelings.
***
The Buddha is awakened.
He teaches the Dhamma for awakening.
Majjhima Nikāya
64 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Magga-sacca?
Magga-sacca: This truth is like a magical road that
takes us away from suffering and towards happiness. It's
a path made up of special things we can do in our lives
The path includes things like being kind and caring to
others, telling the truth, being helpful, and doing things
that make us and others happy. It also includes calming
our minds through meditation, which is like taking a
break from all the busy thoughts in our heads.
By following the Magga-sacca path, we can become
better and wiser people, and we can discover a sense of
peace and contentment within ourselves. It's like finding
a hidden treasure of happiness inside our hearts!
Magga-sacca is all about learning to be good, kind,
and peaceful, which leads us to a life filled with joy and
harmony. Just like how a treasure map leads to a
treasure, Magga-sacca leads us to the treasure of true
happiness and inner peace. Isn't that amazing?
----------------------------
Q: What is Magga-Sacca all about?
A: It is all about learning to be kind and good.
Q: What does Magga-Sacca lead us to?
A: It leads us to the treasure of true happiness and
inner peace.
Q: What happens when we follow the Magga-sacca?
A: We can become better and wiser people.
***
What is Nirodha-sacca? 61
Understanding Samudaya-sacca helps us become
wiser and make positive changes in our lives, just like
taking care of the tree can help it grow healthier and
stronger. It is an essential part of learning and growing
on the path of Buddhism. r
-------------------------
Q: What are the two things Samudaya is known as?
A: It's known as "Truth of the Origin" and "Truth of
the cause".
Q: What is something everyone faces in their lives?
A: We all face various challenges and problems.
Q: If you ever saw a tree with yellow leaves that were
falling off, what would Samudaya-sacca ask? A:
Samudaya-sacca would ask "Why are these leaves
turning yellow and falling off?"
***
What is Nirodha-sacca?
Nirodha-sacca is a very interesting concept in
Theravāda Buddhism. Let me explain it to you in a
simple way that kids can understand.
So, Nirodha-sacca is all about understanding that
there's a way to stop our suffering by letting go of our
desires and attachments. When we learn to do that, we
can find true happiness and peace in our hearts. Just like
when you stop wanting a particular toy so much, you
can feel content with what you have and be happy.
62 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Nirodha-sacca and Nibbāna are smilar, but meaning
is slightly different. Nirodha means the cessation or
ending of suffering, while Nibbāna is a state of perfect
peace and enlightenment. Both are about inner peace
and being free from suffering.
Even though it may not always be easy, learning
about Nirodha-sacca and practicing it can lead us to a
happier and more peaceful life. Buddhism teaches us
valuable lessons that help us grow into better and kinder
individuals. r
---------------------
Q: What is Niroda-sacca?
A: It is the end of our sufferings.
Q: How can we stop or end our suffering?
A: By letting go of our wants and desires.
***
What is Nibbāna?
Nibbāna (also known as Nirvāna) is a special and
peaceful place in Buddhism, but it's not like a faraway
land or a magical kingdom. Instead, it's a state of
ultimate peace that people can reach by following the
teachings of Buddha.
Imagine your mind is like a lake with ripples and
waves caused by thoughts, desires, and worries.
Nibbāna is like a calm and clear lake without any
ripples. When someone reaches Nibbāna, their mind
becomes very peaceful, happy, and free from suffering.
What is Nibbāna? 63
To reach Nibbāna, people practice morality,
meditation, and wisdom. They learn to let go of greed,
anger, and ignorance, which are like obstacles that
disturb the calmness of the mind.
Once someone achieves Nibbāna, they find true
happiness and understanding things as they reality are.
They are no longer stuck in the cycle of birth, death, and
rebirth, which is known as Samsāra. Instead, they attain
enlightenment and find the ultimate peace.
Nibbāna is like reaching a beautiful and serene place
within ourselves, where we feel truly content and free
from all worries. It's the goal that many Buddhists aim
for to lead a peaceful and meaningful life. r
-------------------
Q:What is Nibbāna?
A: A a state of ultimate peace which you obtain
via following the buddhas teachings.
Q: What happens when one achieves Nibbāna?
A: They find true happiness and understanding
Q: What do people practice to reach Nibbana?
A: Meditation, kindness, and wisdom.
***
Rare is birth as a human being.
Hard is the life of earthly inhabitants.
Do not let slip this opportunity.
Dhammapada
68 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
and others. It tells us not to be too lazy, but also not to
be too stressed by working too hard. It's like finding the
‘just right’ point in everything we do.
The Middle Way was one of the essential teachings
of the Buddha. He realized that living in extremes didn't
lead to true happiness, so he encouraged people to
follow the Middle Way to find peace and wisdom.
So, Majjhima-patipada is a valuable lesson in
Buddhism, reminding us to stay balanced and moderate
in our actions, thoughts, and feelings to lead a happy
and meaningful life. r
----------------------------
Q: What does majjima-patipada mean?
A: It means middle way.
Q: What can you imagine Majjima-patipada as?
A: You can imagine it as a seesaw.
Q: What does this teach us?
A: To be balanced, and not extreme.
Q: what will this give you in return?
A: A happy and meaningful life!
***
The Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
The Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta is a Buddhist
teaching given by the Buddha to his first five disciples.
It is also known as the 'Turning of the Wheel of
Dhamma.' Here's a short summary of the sutta for our
Dhamma kids:
What is Magga-sacca? 65
What is Magga-sacca?
Magga-sacca: This truth is like a magical road that
takes us away from suffering and towards happiness. It's
a path made up of special things we can do in our lives
The path includes things like being kind and caring to
others, telling the truth, being helpful, and doing things
that make us and others happy. It also includes calming
our minds through meditation, which is like taking a
break from all the busy thoughts in our heads.
By following the Magga-sacca path, we can become
better and wiser people, and we can discover a sense of
peace and contentment within ourselves. It's like finding
a hidden treasure of happiness inside our hearts!
So, Magga-sacca is all about learning to be good,
kind, and peaceful, which leads us to a life filled with
joy and harmony. Just like how a treasure map leads to a
treasure, Magga-sacca leads us to the treasure of true
happiness and inner peace. Isn't that amazing? r
----------------------------
Q: What is Magga-Sacca all about?
A: It is all about learning to be kind, good, and
peaceful.
Q: What does Magga-Sacca lead us to?
A: It leads us to the treasure of true happiness and
inner peace.
Q: What happens when we follow the Magga-sacca?
A: We can become better and wiser people.
***
66 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Noble Eightfold Path?
Right Understanding: This means trying to understand
things in the right way, like knowing the difference
between right and wrong.
Right Thought: It's about having good and kind
thoughts towards yourself and others. It encourages you
to be positive and not harm anyone.
Right Speech: This means speaking truthfully,
kindly, and not saying mean things or spreading rumors.
Right Action: It's about doing good things and not
harming others. Treating everyone with respect and
kindness.
Right Livelihood: This means having a job or doing
something that doesn't hurt others or the world. Choose
work that helps people and is good for everyone.
Right Effort: It's about trying your best in every-
thing you do and avoiding harmful actions.
Right Concentration: It's about focusing your mind
and thoughts in a positive and peaceful way, like during
meditation.
Right Mindfulness: This means being aware and
paying attention to your thoughts, feelings, and actions.
Staying in the present moment.
By following this path, Buddhists believe they can
find true happiness, inner peace, and become wiser and
What is Majjhima-patipada? 67
more compassionate. Remember, you don't have to be a
Buddhist to follow these principles; anyone can use
them to be a better and happier person. r
----------------------------
Q: How can you find true happiness?
A: By following the budist path.
Q:What can Buddhist find from following the Noble
Eightfold Path?
A: They can find true happiness, find inner peace, and
become wiser.
Q: What happens when we follow the Magga-sacca
path?
A: We can become better and wiser people.
***
What is Majjhima-patipada?
Majjhima-patipada means "Middle Way." It's a very
important idea because it teaches us to find balance and
avoid extremes in our thoughts and actions.
Imagine you have a seesaw or a balance scale. If you
put too much weight on one side, it will go way up,
right? And if you put too much weight on the other side,
it will go way down. But when you put the same amount
of weight on both sides, the seesaw stays balanced.
Similarly, Majjhima-patipada teaches us not to be too
greedy or too selfish, but to be kind and fair to ourselves
72 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Theravāda Buddhists try to be mindful of their
actions and choose to do good deeds whenever possible.
They believe that by cultivating positive Kamma, they
can create a better future for themselves and others
around them. So, it's like spreading kindness and
goodness to create a happier world for everyone! r
-----------------
Q: Does Kamma happen instantly?
A: No
Q: what should you do to plant good seesds.
A: by doing kind and helpful things.
Q: what are we doing when we do kamma?
A: We are creating a better life for you and others too!
***
What is Akusala in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, ‘A.kusala’ is a word that comes from the
ancient language called Pali, which is used to describe
actions or behaviors that are unskillful or harmful. These
actions are not good for ourselves or others, and they
can bring about suffering and unhappiness.
In Buddhism, people are encouraged to practice
"Kusala," which means doing things that are skillful,
kind, and helpful to others. This leads to happiness and
brings positive effects to our lives and the lives of those
around us.
Some examples of Akusala actions would be lying,
stealing, hurting others, being greedy, or being selfish.
The Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta 69
After two months of his Enlightenment, Buddha
wanted to teach his five friends and he went to a place
called Deer Park, where they were practicing astectism.
There the Buddha began by explaining the Four
Noble Truths. The first truth is that there is suffering in
the world. He talked about how people feel sad, get sick,
and sometimes even die. But the Buddha said that
suffering can be overcome.
The second fruth is that suffering is caused by
craving and wanting things all the time. The Buddha
explained that when we always want more and more, it
makes us feel unhappy. He encouraged his friends to let
go of their desires and find contentment in what they
have.
Then the Buddha shared the third truth, which is that
suffering can end. He told his friends that by letting go
of their desires and following a special path, they could
find peace and happiness.
Finally, the Buddha revealed the fourth truth, which
is the Eightfold Path. He described it as a way of living
that leads to happiness and liberation. The Eightfold
Path includes things like being kind to others, being
mindful of our actions and thoughts, and practicing
meditation.
The Buddha's friends listened carefully and were ins-
pired by his teachings. They understood that by follo-
wing the Eightfold Path, they could find true happiness
and help others too. They became the first monks and
spread the Buddha's teachings far and wide.
70 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa What is Kamma? 71
And that's how the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta,
or the Turning of the Wheel of Dhamma, became the
beginning of Buddhism and a guiding light for people
seeking peace and happiness in their lives. r
--------------------
Q: Who went to the Deer Park and practiced
astectism?
A: The Buddha and his 5 friends.
Chapter VI
Q: How is suffering caused? Kamma and Rebirth
A: By craving and wanting things all of the time.
Q: How can you overcome suffering?
A: By following the Eightfold Path.
What is Kamma?
Q: How does one find peace and happiness? Kamma, also known as Karma, is an essential concept in
A: By letting go of their desires and following a Buddhism. It is a way of understanding how our actions
special path.
Q: What must one do to achieve happiness and
can affect our lives. Imagine Kamma as a seed you
liberation? plant. If you plant good seeds by doing kind and helpful
A: You must be kind to others, mindful of your actions things, you will grow good fruits in the future. But if
and thoughts, and practice meditation. you plant bad seeds by doing harmful things, you might
experience difficult or unhappy situations later on.
***
In simple terms, Kamma means that whatever we do,
say, or think has consequences. If we do good deeds,
like being nice to others or helping someone in need, it
creates positive Kamma. This can bring happiness and
good things into our lives. On the other hand, if we do
Letting go of Angry Thoughts bad deeds, like being mean or lying, it creates negative
"He was mean to me, he treated me badly, he was Kamma, which can lead to unhappiness or challenges.
stronger than me, he took my things." People who
keep thinking like this, don't stop feeling angry Kamma is not something that happens instantly; it
and mad. can take time for the results to show up. Sometimes, the
effects of our actions might not appear until a future life,
Dhammapada
according to Buddhist beliefs.
76 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Kamma and Rebirth
Kamma and rebirth are two important concepts in
Buddhism. Let us explain them in a way that our
Dhamma kids can understand a little bit.
Kamma, also spelled as karma, is like a special force
that keeps track of our actions and choices. It's like a
invisible scorekeeper that remembers all the good and
bad things we do. When we do something good, like
helping others or being kind, it adds positive points to
our kamma. When we do something bad, like hurting
someone or being mean, it adds negative points to our
kamma.
Rebirth is the idea that after we die, we are born
again in a new body. It's like getting a fresh start in a
different life. The body we get in our new life can be a
human body or even the body of an animal, depending
on our actions in our previous life and the points in our
kamma.
So, how does kamma and rebirth connect? Well, the
points in our kamma decide what kind of life we will
have in our next birth. If we have a lot of positive points
from doing good things, we are more likely to be born
into a happy and fortunate life. But if we have a lot of
negative points from doing bad things, we might be born
into a more difficult or unhappy life.
What is Kusala in Buddhism? 73
On the other hand, Kusala actions include being honest,
sharing, helping others, being generous, and showing
kindness.
Buddhism teaches us to be mindful of our actions and
try to avoid doing things that are Akusala. By doing so,
we can cultivate a more compassionate and peaceful
world for ourselves and others. Remember, being kind
and caring is the way to go! r
-----------------------
Q: What does Buddhism teach us?
A: To be mindful of our actions.
Q: Is “Akusala” good or bad?
A: Bad
Q: What should you practice, Akusala or Kusala?
A: Kusala
Q: What can we gain from this idea of Akusala?
A: Cultivate a better world for us!
***
What is Kusala in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, Kusala is a special word that means doing
something good or wholesome. It's like being kind,
helpful, and caring towards others and yourself. When
you do something Kusala, it brings happiness and peace
to your heart.
Imagine you share your toys with a friend or help
someone who is feeling sad; that's an example of
Kusala. Being respectful to your parents, teachers, and
74 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
elders is also Kusala. Even taking care of plants and
animals is considered Kusala because you're showing
love and compassion.
When you do Kusala, it's like planting seeds of
goodness in your heart, and those seeds grow to make
you a better person. Buddhists believe that doing Kusala
helps you have a happy and peaceful life.
So, remember, doing kind and good things is what
Kusala is all about, and it's a beautiful way to live your
life! r
---------------------
Q: What are some examples of Kusala?
A: When you share your toys with a friend or help
someone who is feeling sad.
Q: What happens when you do something Kusala?
A: When you do something Kusala, it brings happiness
and peace to your heart.
Q: What are other things that are considered kusala?
A: Taking care of plants and animals are also consi-
dered kusala.
***
Is there life after death in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, the concept of life after death is viewed
differently compared to some other religions. Buddhism
teaches the doctrine of rebirth, which suggests that after
the death of the physical body, the consciousness or
mind-stream continues to exist and takes on a new form
in the cycle of birth and death.
Is there life after death in Buddhism? 75
According to Buddhist belief, the cycle of rebirth,
known as Saṃsāra, is driven by kamma, which refers to
the actions, intentions, and volitions of an individual.
Positive actions generate good kamma, leading to a
more favorable rebirth, while negative actions create
negative kamma and result in a less desirable rebirth.
However, the ultimate goal in Buddhism is to attain
liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering, known
as Nibbāna. Nibbāna is a state of complete enlighten-
ment and freedom from the attachments and cravings
that perpetuate the cycle of rebirth. It is not considered a
continuation of individual consciousness or personal
identity after death.
In summary, while Buddhism acknowledges the
concept of life after death through the cycle of rebirth,
the ultimate aim is to transcend this cycle and achieve
Nibbāna, where individual existence is transcended. r
------------------------
Q: What is the ultimate goal in Buddhism?
A: The ultimate goal is to attain liberation from the
cycle of rebirth and suffering.
Q: What is the ultimate goal in Buddhism?
A: The ultimate goal in Buddhism is to attain
liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering.
Q: What does Buddhism teach?
A: Buddhism teaches the doctrine of rebirth.
***
Guided by kamma, is the course of this world.
80 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Remember, the Wheel of Life is like a map that helps
us understand how our actions and choices can affect
our happiness and the happiness of others. By being
kind, honest, and choosing actions that bring goodness
to the world, we can make our lives and the lives of
others better.
It's important to know that the Wheel ofLife is a
complex concept, and as you grow older, you can
explore it in more depth, studying the teaching of cause
and effect which is the Pariccasamuppäda. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the Wheel of Life called in Pāli?
A: Saṃsāra.
Q: How can we make our lives and the lives of others.
A: By being kind, honest and doing gocxi actions.
***
What is Pațiccasamuppāda?
Paṭiccasamuppāda, in simple terms for kids, is a big
word that describes a very important idea in Theravāda
Buddhism. It is also known as the ‘Law of Dependent
Origination.’
Imagine you have a row of dominoes set up. When
you push the first domino, it knocks down the second
one, and then that one knocks down the third, and so on.
This chain reaction keeps going until all the dominoes
fall.
What is Saṃsāra? 77
The goal is to have more positive points in our
kamma so that we can have a better life in the future.
That's why it's important to be kind, help others, and
make good choices. It's like planting seeds of goodness
that will grow into a beautiful garden in our next life. r
--------------------
Q: How does bad karma affect your next life?
A: You will end up in a less desirable life.
Q: When you rebirth with good kamma, what will
happen?
A: You may be born into a happy and fortunate life.
Q: What happens if you have a lot of positive points.
A: You will be born into a happy and fortunate life.
***
What is Saṃsāra?
In Theravāda Buddhism, Saṃsāra is a concept that
refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. It is the
belief that beings are trapped in this cycle and continue
to be born and die again and again.
Imagine you are playing a video game. When you
finish one level, you move on to the next, and then the
next, and so on. Saṃsāra is similar to that. It's like being
stuck in a never-ending game of life and death.
In Theravāda Buddhism, people believe that the
reason we are stuck in this cycle is because of
something called ‘kamma.’ Kamma is the idea that our
78 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
actions have consequences. When we do good things, it
brings good results, and when we do bad things, it
brings bad results. These actions and their consequences
affect our future lives as well.
So, Saṃsāra is like a big circle of life and death,
where we are born, live our lives, die, and then get
reborn again. The goal in Theravāda Buddhism is to
break free from this cycle by attaining something called
‘Nibbāna.’ Nibbāna is a state of peace and liberation
where we are no longer trapped in Saṃsāra.
To achieve Nibbāna, Buddhists follow the teachings
of the Buddha, who was a wise teacher. They try to live
a good and moral life, practice meditation, and develop
wisdom and compassion. By doing so, they hope to end
the cycle of Saṃsāra and reach a state of lasting
happiness and freedom. r
------------------------
Q: What does kamma tell us?
A: Kamma tells us that all of our actions have conse-
quences.
Q: What is one goal of Theravāda Buddhism?
A: To break free from the cycle of Samsāra.
Q: What do Buddhist people follow to achieve
Nibbana?
A: They follow the teachings of the Buddha, who was a
wise teacher.
Q: In Theravāda, what is the concept of Samsāra?
A: It is that there is a cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.
***
The Wheel of life 79
The Wheel of life
The Wheel of Life is called Samsära in Pali. It is like a
big circle that shows different parts of life. It helps us
understand how our actions and choices can affect our
happiness and well-being. Imagine a big Ferris wheel
with different sections. Each section represents a
different part of life or a different way of being.
1. Happy and Unhappy: One section of the wheel
shows people who are happy, and another section shows
people who are unhappy. It reminds us that everyone
wants to be happy and no one wants to be sad. We
should try to bring happiness to ourselves and others.
2. Actions and Results: Another section of the wheel
shows how our actions can lead to different results.
When we do good things like being kind, helpful, and
honest, it brings positive results. But when we do bad
things like being mean, lying, or hurting others, it brings
negative results.
3. Cause and Effect: The Wheel of Life teaches us
about cause and effect. This means that our actions have
consequences. If we do good things, it can lead to good
things happening to us and others. If we do bad things,
it can bring unhappiness and problems.
4. The Path to Happiness: The Wheel of Life also
shows us a path to happiness. It shows that if we choose
kindness, honesty, and compassion, it can lead us to a
better and happier life. This path is called the Noble
Eightfold Path in Buddhism and teaches us how to live
in a good and balanced way.
84 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
How Rebirth can continue without soul?
Rebirth, as a concept, is typically associated with
religious and philosophical beliefs that vary across
different cultures and traditions. In many of these belief
systems, the idea of rebirth or reincarnation is often
connected to the notion of a soul or some form of
spiritual essence that continues to exist beyond physical
death.
In Theravāda Buddhism, the concept of rebirth is
often explained in a way that does not require the
existence of a permanent, unchanging soul. Instead, it
emphasizes the concept of an ever-changing stream of
consciousness known as ‘mindstream’ or ‘continuity of
consciousness.’
According to Theravāda teachings, the mindstream is
a series of momentary mental and physical phenomena
that arise and pass away in a continuous and
interconnected manner. These mental and physical
phenomena are conditioned by causes and conditions,
including volitional actions (kamma) and the ongoing
process of dependent origination.
When an individual dies, the mindstream does not
cease to exist but continues its trajectory, influenced by
the accumulated kammic imprints and conditioning from
What is Paṭiccasamuppāda? 81
In a similar way, Paṭiccasamuppāda shows how
everything in the world is connected and depends on
each other, just like those falling dominoes. It explains
that everything happens because of a cause and effect
relationship.
In Buddhism, it is believed that suffering (also
known as ‘dukkha’) comes from this chain reaction of
causes and effects. But the good news is that if we
understand this chain, we can break it and stop
suffering!
The chain starts with ‘Avijjā which is ignorance’ or
not knowing things properly. Because of this, we make
mistakes and do things that might hurt ourselves or
others. Then, these actions lead to more consequences,
like feeling unhappy or having problems.
But if we can learn to see things clearly and make
good choices, we can stop the chain of suffering. The
Buddha taught that by following the right path and
understanding how everything is connected, we can find
peace and happiness.
Paṭiccasamuppāda reminds us to be mindful of our
actions and thoughts, to learn from our mistakes, and to
make choices that bring joy and peace to ourselves and
others. It's a valuable teaching that helps us live a better
and more compassionate life! r
--------------------------
Q: What does Paṭiccasamuppāda mean?
A: It means: the ‘Law of Dependent Origination.’
82 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: The chain of Paṭiccasamuppāda start with what?
A: It starts with ‘Avijjā which is ignorance’.
Q: What does Paṭiccasamuppāda show?
A: It shows how everything in the world is connected
and depends on each other.
Q: How can we stop the chain of suffering?
A: By learning to see things clearly and make good
choices.
Q: What does Paṭiccasamuppāda remind us?
A: to be mindful of our actions and thoughts.
***
What is Anatta (no-soul) in Theravāda?
In Theravāda Buddhism, the concept of ‘no-soul’ or
‘Anatta’ (Pāli) plays a significant role. Anatta refers to
the idea that there is no permanent, unchanging, or
independent self or soul within a person. It challenges
the notion of a fixed and enduring entity that persists
throughout one's existence.
According to Theravāda teachings, all phenomena,
including individuals, are composed of five aggregates
or components: form (physical body), feeling, perce-
ption, mental formations, and consciousness. These
aggregates are constantly changing and are interde-
pendent, giving rise to the illusion of a separate and
permanent self.
What is Anatta (no-soul) in Theravāda? 83
The understanding of anatta suggests that the notion
of an inherent self or soul is a misperception, leading to
suffering and dissatisfaction. It implies that there is no
eternal essence or unchanging core within individuals,
which helps to counter the tendencies of clinging,
attachment, and egoism.
Instead of a fixed self, Theravāda Buddhism
emphasizes the doctrine of dependent origination, which
explains how various factors and conditions come
together to give rise to the experiences of self and
reality. The absence of a permanent self allows for the
potential of liberation and freedom from suffering by
realizing the impermanent and conditioned nature of
existence.
It's important to note that the concept of anatta does
not deny the existence of individuality or personal expe-
riences but challenges the belief in an unchanging self-
entity. By understanding Anatta, practitioners are enco-
uraged to develop insight into the nature of reality and
cultivate wisdom, compassion, and non-attachment. r
--------------------------
Q:What concept does Theravada Buddhism emphasize?
A:Mindstream or Continuity of Consciousness.
Q:Is permanent soul or self necessary in rebirth?
A: No, it is not necessary.
Q: What is rebirth associated with?
A: It is religious and philosophical.
Q: How is the concept of rebirth explained?
A: In a way that does not require existence of
permanent unchanging soul.
***
88 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: What happens when your mind is calm?
A: You become peaceful and happy.
Q: What happens when your mind is concentrated?
A: You get less distracted.
Q: Why do we Meditate?
A: To get rid of bad habit and develop good mental
qualities.
Q: What happens if our mind is cool?
A: You make good decisions.
***
What is Samatha meditation?
Samatha meditation is a type of meditation in Buddhism
that helps people find peace and calmness in their
minds. Just like how you take care of your body by
eating healthy food and exercising, Samatha meditation
is like taking care of your mind
In Samatha meditation, you sit comfortably and
focus your attention on one thing. It could be your
breath, a specific word or phrase, or even a picture in
your mind. The goal is to concentrate on that one thing
and not let your mind wander to other thoughts
When you practice Samatha meditation regularly, it
can make your mind feel more relaxed and less worried
about things. It's like a way of giving your mind a little
vacation from all the busyness and stress of everyday
life that your are dealing with.
How Rebirth can continue without soul? 85
previous lives. This continuation of the mindstream
gives rise to a new existence in a subsequent life. The
specific circumstances and experiences in this new life
are determined by the accumulated kamma and other
factors.
The emphasis in Theravāda Buddhism is on
understanding the impermanence and interconnecte-
dness of all phenomena, including the mindstream. It is
believed that through insight meditation and the
development of wisdom, one can transcend the cycle of
rebirth altogether and attain liberation from suffering.
In this view, rebirth is seen as a process that occurs
without the necessity of a permanent soul or self.
Instead, it is the continuity of the conditioned mind-
stream, influenced by causes and conditions, that allows
for the perpetuation of existence from one life to
another. r
--------------------------
Q: What concept does Theravāda Buddhism
emphasize?
A: Mindstream or Continuity of Consciousness.
Q: Is permanent soul or self necessary in rebirth?
A: No, it is not necessary.
Q: What is rebirth associated with?
A: It is religious and philosophical.
Q: How is the concept of rebirth explained?
A: In a way that does not require existence of
permanent unchanging soul.
***
86 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter VII
Spiritual Practices
What is meditation?
Meditation is a way to keep the mind cool and calm, by
concentrating on one object or comtamplating on
thoughts, feelings, and sensations. There are many ways
to meditate. In our Dhamma Class, primarily we study
Ᾱnāpānasati and Body scanning meditation.
In Ᾱnāpānasati, a natural focus is your own breath,
which is always with you. If you simply keep feeling the
breath as it comes in and as it goes out, the mind gets
quieter and more peaceful. In Body scanning meditation,
you scan your whole body from head to toe, from the
front and the back.
The only trouble is, something will always take your
attention away - maybe a noise .. or a pain in the knee ..
but often your own mind is the problem, it is so full of
useless stuff! Like a monkey jumping here and there, it
is so hard to control.
To become the master of your mind, you need some
lessons, enough time and a good place to learn how to
practice. With enough practice, meditation helps to
replace bad thoughts and feelings with happy ones. r
--------------------------
Why do we meditate? 87
Q: What do you need to become the master of your
mind?
A: Lessons, time, and a good place to learn how to
meditate.
Q: What happens in Anapanasati meditation?
A: There is a natural focus on your own breath.
Q: What is Meditation?
A: It is way to keep the mind cool and calm.
***
Why do we meditate?
By learning how to control the mind, we start to get rid
of negative habits and develop good mental qualities
instead.
If your mind is Cool, you make good decisions, you
don’t get confused, you make less mistakes, you don’t
get angry or feel afraid, and you become more
confident.
If your mind is Calm, you become peaceful and
happy, you are less worried and frustrated, you don’t get
stressed about work or exams, you develop compassion
and kindness, and you have more harmonious
relationships.
If your mind is Concentrated, you get less distracted
by useless things, you find it easier to focus and learn,
you perform better in sports and games, you make better
music and art, and you will be more trustworthy. r
--------------------------
92 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Meditation Guides
Note: Every section of 'Guided Muscle Relaxation
Meditation' should be followed by (1) Ᾱnāpāna-sati
(2) Body Scanning,(3) Buddhānussati, and (4) Kāya-
gatā.sati.
(1) Guided Muscle Relaxation Meditation
We are going to practice 'Guided Muscle Relaxation
Meditation'. Before we begin, please straighten your
body, center yourself in the middle of your camera, put
your hands together with the right on top of the left with
your thumbs connected and place them in your lap, then
close your eyes.
Step One: When I say a group of muscle, focus on the
group of muscles you hear and feel the tenseness in
them.
Step Two: Mentally relax those group of muscles
Step Three: Feel those muscles completely relaxed.
Let's start.
Your scalp muscles; all the muscles on your head ..
are relaxed.
Your forehead and eyebrows .. are relaxed.
Your eyes, ears, nose, lips, and chin .. are relaxed.
Your neck and shoulders .. are relaxed.
Your arms, forearms, wrists, hands, and fingers ..
are relaxed.
What is Samatha meditation? 89
The more you practice Samatha meditation, the
better you'll become at it. Just like when you learn to
ride a bike, it might be challenging at first, but with time
and practice, you get better and better!
Remember, it's okay if your mind wanders during
meditation. The key is to gently bring your focus back to
your chosen object of meditation without getting upset
with yourself.
So, Samatha meditation is a wonderful tool for
Buddhists (and anyone else who wants to try it!) to find
inner peace and a sense of calmness in their hearts and
minds. It's a beautiful way to take care of ourselves from
the inside out. r
--------------------------
Q: What is a way to take care of your mind?
A: Samatha meditation.
Q: What is Samatha meditation?
A: It is like a vacation for your mind!
Q: What is the goal of samatha meditation?
A: To concentrate on one thing.
Q: What do you do if your mind wanders during
meditation?
A: You bring your mind back to the chosen object.
***
Differentiation Through Action
Kammaṃ satte vibhajati yadidaṃ hīna panītatāya.
It is action that distinguishes beings as inferior and
superior.
90 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Vipassanā meditation?
Vipassanā meditation is another type of meditation in
Buddhism, and it's a little different from Samatha
meditation.
Vipassanā means "insight" or "seeing things as they
really are." When we practice Vipassana meditation, we
learn to look at our thoughts, feelings, and sensations
without getting too caught up in them. It's like being a
curious observer of ourselves.
In Vipassanā meditation, we pay attention to
everything happening inside us and around us. We
notice our breath, how our body feels, and even our
emotions. It's like watching a movie of our own
thoughts and feelings!
The goal of Vipassanā meditation is to understand
ourselves better and to become wiser and more
compassionate. We learn that everything in life is
always changing, and we shouldn't cling too much to
good things or feel too bad about the bad things. It helps
us find balance and peace in our hearts.
Just like Samatha meditation, Vipassanā meditation
takes practice. It's okay if our minds wander or if we
find it tricky at first. The more we do it, the better we
become. You may take a little bit time.
What is Vipassanā meditation? 91
Both Samatha and Vipassanā meditations are
essential in Buddhism. They help people grow, be
kinder to others, and find happiness within themselves.
It's like exercising our minds to make them stronger and
healthier!
So, Vipassanā meditation is like taking a special
journey within ourselves to understand who we are and
how we can make the world a better place. It's a
beautiful way to explore our hearts and minds! r
--------------------------
Q: What does Vipassana mean? A: insight
Q: What is the goal? A: It is to understand ourselves
better.
Q: What do we pay attention to in Vipassana meditation?
A: everything happening inside of us and around us
Q:What is practicing Vipassana meditation like?
A: being a curious observer of ourselves
***
Hello Dhamma Kids!
If you want to enjoy the wonderful journey of learning
about the Buddha's teachings, you can practice two-
fold meditation, Samatha and Vipassanā.
It's like a fun adventure that helps you understand the
world better. You'll explore the tastes of mindfulness
and concentration, which are super cool ways to feel
peaceful and happy.
Give it a try, and you'll see how amazing it can be!
96 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Once the image of the Buddha is clear, focus on the
meaning of Araham which is ‘perfected’. Then, in your
mind, you can say one or two of the aspects:
- He has discarded all defilements,
- He has suppressed all the enemies connected
with the eradication of defilements,
- He destroyed the spokes of the wheel of
existence,
- He is worthy of being given offerings and paid
homage, and
- He withheld no secrets in his character or in his
teachings.
After doing that you can move your thumb to the next
prayer bead or fold one finger, then you can start again.
Have the image of the Buddha in hour mind and
when it is clear, say the meaning of Araham in your
mind and say 1 or 2 aspects of Araham and move to the
next bead or fold another finger.
It is important to focus on the meaning of Araham,
the mage of the Buddha, and the understanding. Thaat is
why you shouldn’t rush and instead take your time and
focus. r
(After 2 minuts): We are now done meditating.
***
(2) Ᾱnāpāna.sati Meditation 93
Your chest and upper back .. are relaxed.
Your Abdomen and lower back .. are relaxed.
Your hips and thighs .. are relaxed.
Your knees and legs .. are relaxed.
Your ankles, feet, and toes .. are relaxed.
Now your whole body from head to toe fully relaxed. r
***
(2) Ᾱnāpāna.sati Meditation
We are going to advance to Ᾱnāpāna.sati Meditation.
You are going to focus on your breath.
When you breathe in, a puff of air touches the tip of
your nose. Make yourself aware of the touch. When you
breathe out, a slightly warmer puff of air touches the tip
of your nose. Make yourself aware of the touch. We are
going to practice counting technique with each cycle of
in breath and out breath.
You will count from 1 to 8. And DO NOT LET
YOUR MIND WANDER.
If your mind wanders out, start counting from # 1
again. We are first going to practice together ..
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 1
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 2
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 3
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 4
94 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 5
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 6
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 7
Breahe in, aware of the touch, breathe out aware of the touch - 8
Now go back to 1, and start counting on your own ..
(1 Minute). We are now done meditating. r
***
(3) Body Scanning Meditation
Now we are going to advance to Body scanning
meditation. Imagine you are holding a scanner in your
hand. You are going to scan your whole body from head
to toe, and from the front and the back.
Let's start at the top of our head. Scan down slowly
inch by inch, muscle by muscle, feeling the smooth flow
of positive energy, and opening all the energy channels.
If you run into any area of the block, focus on that
area and mentally relax that area. (After about 30
seconds)
Try to scan through that area again. You will notice
that the area is now open. Scan down further till you get
to the tip of your toes. Now, you are going to scan your
back. Start from your heels, scanning upward ..
back of your legs ..
back of your knees ..
back of your thighs ..
(3) Body Scanning Meditation 95
back of your hips ..
your lower back ..
your upper back ..
back of your shoulders ..
back of your neck ..
back of your head and the top of your head.
Now you have successfully finished one cycle of
body scanning meditation. Now you are going to
practice another cycle on your own.
(Pause for 1 minute, Leader - practice 2 cycles on
your own.)
Once all the energy channels are open, your body
will feel very light. It will feel as if you are riding on a
calm ocean wave. We are now done meditating. r
***
(4) Buddhānussati Meditation
We are going to advance to Buddhānussati Meditation
on one of the 9 virtues of the Buddha. The virtue we are
focusing on today is Araham, which means ‘perfected’.
Before we start, please have your prayer beads
ready and if you don’t have prayer beeds, you can do
finger counting instead.
For meditation with the beads, first hold it in your
right hand and pleace your thumb between the first bead
near the head of the bead. Then, close your eyes and
focus on the image of the Buddha.
100 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
By practicing loving-kindness, we create a more
peaceful and loving world for everyone. So, let's reme-
mber to be kind to ourselves and others every day! r
--------------------------
Q: What is the metta sutta also known as?
A: Loving kindness sutta.
Q: What is loving-kindness in Buddhism?
A: It is about having a kind and caring heart towards
ourselves and others.
Q: What does this teaching of Metta remind us about?
A: To treat others with kindenss, compassion, and
understanding!
***
Once Buddha said to a group of people named Kālāma:
Kālāmas! I see you're feeling confused and unsure about
something. That's totally okay! It's normal to have doubts
sometimes. Here's some advice for you:
Don't just believe things because someone tells you or
because it's written in your holey book. Instead, try to
figure things out for yourself. Use your own thinking and
good judgment.
If you come across something that doesn't seem right
or feels wrong, trust your feelings. Things that are
harmful or cause problems are not good for you. So, it's
better to let go of them and choose what's right and
beneficial.
You don't always have to follow what others say.
Trust your own understanding and make good choices
based on what feels right to you. You've got this,
Kālāmas! r
(From Kālāma Sutta)
(5) Kāyagatā.sati Meditation 97
(5) Kāyagatā.sati Meditation
We are going to advance to Kāya.gatā.sati Medi-
tation. You are going to focus on the first 5 of your 32
bodily parts. They are: kesā = head-hair, lomā = body-
hair, nakhā = nails, dantā = teeth, and taco = skin.
Before we start, please close your eyes. Everyone
please close your eyes. And focus on kesā which is
head-hair. In your mind if you are unable to say it in
Pāli say it in English (head-hair).
Let’s do it together. In your mind say head-hair and
focus the area for 5 seconds.
Then move onto another body part, lomā or body-hair.
In your mind say body-hair and focus on the area for 5
seconds.
Then move to the next bodily part, nakhā or nails.
In your mind say it and focus on the area for 5 seconds.
Then move to the next bodily part, dantā or teeth.
In your mind say it and focus on that area for 5 seconds.
Then move to the next bodily part, taco or skin. In
your mind say it and focus on area for 5 seconds. Repeat
the steps 5 more rounds yourself. r
(After 2 minuts): We are now done meditating.
***
98 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The Chant of Metta
The Chant of Metta, also known as the "Metta Prayer"
or "Loving-Kindness Meditation," is a beautiful and
ancient Buddhist practice that helps people cultivate
feelings of love, kindness, and compassion towards
themselves and others. It's like sending good wishes and
positive vibes to everyone around us!
The Chant of Metta goes like this: May all beings be
happy and safe, May they have happy hearts and
peaceful minds, May they be healthy and strong, May
they have ease and well-being.
When we say this chant, we are not just thinking
about our friends or family; we are extending our love
and good wishes to all living beings, including animals,
plants, and even those we might not know or
understand.
By practicing the Chant of Metta, we learn to be
kinder, more understanding, and patient with others. It
helps us create a world filled with love and compassion,
where everyone can feel happy and safe. So, whenever
you feel like spreading some love and kindness, you can
try saying the Chant of Metta! It's a beautiful way to
make the world a better place. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the chant of metta called?
A:Metta prayer or loving kindness meditation
Q: By practicing the chant of Metta we can learn to be
what?
Metta Sutta 99
A: To be more kind and understanding
Q: How far do we extend our wishes during the Chant of
Metta?
A: To all living beings
Q: What can you do when you feel like spreading some
love and kindness? A: You can try saying the Chant of
Metta.
***
Metta Sutta
The Metta Sutta is a very special and beautiful teaching
in Buddhism that teaches us about loving-kindness. It's
also known as the "Loving-Kindness Sutta."
In Buddhism, loving-kindness is all about having a
kind and caring heart towards ourselves and others. The
Metta Sutta tells us to wish happiness and well-being for
everyone, just like we wish for ourselves.
Here's a simple and lovely way the Metta Sutta goes:
"May all beings be happy and safe, May they have
happy minds all the time. Whatever living beings there
may be, Whether they are weak or strong, Without
exception, big or small, Whether seen or unseen,
Whether near or far away, Born or yet unborn, May all
beings be happy and safe."
It continues to spread love and kindness to everyone
in the world. This teaching reminds us to treat others
with kindness, compassion, and understanding, just like
we want for ourselves.
104 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Pāramī ?
Pāramī in Buddhism refers to a set of ten good qualities
or virtues that Buddhists try to develop and practice to
become better and wiser people. These qualities help
them on their path to enlightenment and happiness. The
word ‘Pāramī’ means ‘perfection’ or ‘transcendence’ in
the ancient language of Pāli, which was used in early
Buddhist texts. Here are the ten Pāramīs:
1. Generosity (Dāna): Being kind and giving to
others, sharing what we have with those in need.
2. Morality (Sīla): Living a good and ethical life,
being honest, and not harming others.
3. Renunciation (Nekkhamma): Letting go of things
we don't really need, learning to be content with less.
4. Wisdom (Paññā): Trying to understand things
deeply and clearly, and learning from our experiences.
5. Energy (Vīriya): Putting effort into what we do,
being determined and not giving up easily.
6. Patience (Khantī): Staying calm and tolerant, even
when things are difficult or not going our way.
7. Truthfulness (Sacca): Always being honest and
truthful, never lying or deceiving others.
8. Determination (Adhiṭṭhāna): Having strong
willpower and commitment to our goals.
9. Loving-Kindness (Mettā): Being kind, caring, and
loving towards ourselves and others.
10. Equanimity (Upekkhā): Staying balanced and
calm, not being too attached to good things or upset by
bad things.
Mangala Sutta 101
၁
Chapter IX
Practices for Lating Joy
Mangala Sutta
The Mangala Sutta is a beautiful and meaningful
Buddhist teaching that offers blessings and advice for
leading a happy and successful life. It's like a special
guidebook for being a good person and finding true
happiness.
In the Mangala Sutta, Lord Buddha shares 38
blessings or good sings that can happen to us if we
follow the right path. These blessings include things like
having good friends, being respectful to others, being
kind and helpful, and always seeking wisdom and
knowledge.
Imagine it as a magical list that helps us become
better people and live in harmony with others. By doing
good things and being a positive force in the world, we
can attract happiness and blessings into our lives.
It's important to remember that the Mangala Sutta
teaches us to focus on inner qualities like kindness,
generosity, and patience. These are the things that truly
bring happiness and make the world a better place.
So, if you want to have a happy and fulfilling life, try
to live by the teachings of the Mangala Sutta. Be kind,
102 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
be helpful, and always strive to do the right thing – that's
the secret to a blessed and joyful life! r
--------------------------
Q: How many blessings did the buddha share?
A: 38 blessings.
Q :What is the Mangala Sutta like?
A: It is like a special guidebook for being a good person
and finding true happiness.
Q: What does Mangala mean?
A: It means happiness, blessings or good sings.
Q: How can we attract the blessings into our lives?
A: By doing good things.
***
Four Brahmavihāras
Brahmavihāra is a special idea in Buddhism, and it's a
bit like having a superpower of kindness and love! It's
all about being really nice and caring to others. The
word 'Brahma' means 'super great,' and 'vihāra' means
'hanging out.'
So, we can think of it as 'Super Kind Hangouts' or ‘
'Sublime Abiding’ or ‘Amazingly Caring State of Mind.'
It's like having a friendly superpower that makes the
world a better place!"
Imagine you have four special, magical treasures
inside your heart that help you be a better friend to
everyone around you:
Four Brahmavihāras 103
1. Loving-kindness (Mettā): This is when you wish
happiness and goodness for yourself and others. You
want everyone to be happy and safe, just like you do for
yourself.
2. Compassion (Karunā): Compassion is like a big
heart hug for people who are sad, hurt, or having a tough
time. You want to help them feel better and offer your
support.
3. Empathetic Joy (Muditā): When your friend
succeeds or is happy, you feel really happy too! It's like
being their cheerleader and feeling joyful with them.
4. Equanimity (Upekkhā): This is about treating
everyone fairly and equally. It's like having a balanced
heart that doesn't show favoritism or get too upset.
These four treasures are like a guide to being an
awesome friend and spreading kindness all around. Just
like superheroes use their powers for good, practicing
the Brahmavihāra helps you become a super kind and
caring person in the world! r
--------------------------
Q: Brahmavihāra is all about what?
A: About being really nice and caring to others.
Q: What does Brahmavihāra mean?
A: ‘Super Kind Hangouts' or 'Sublime Abiding’.
Q: What is Equanimity?
A: Treating everyone fairly and equally.
Q: What is the goal for Brahmavihāra practice?
A: To become a super kind person in the world!
***
108 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa What is Pāramī? 105

In addition to these meanings, offering flowers can Buddhists believe that practicing these Pāramīs can
also be seen as a way of practicing generosity. lead to a happier and more peaceful life and ultimately
Buddhists believe that being generous and sharing what help them attain enlightenment, which is the highest
we have with others is an important virtue. By offering goal in Buddhism. Just like we practice playing a sport
flowers, Buddhists cultivate a spirit of giving and or an instrument to get better at it, Buddhists practice
selflessness. these qualities to become better and kinder human
beings. r
So, offering flowers to the Buddha statue is a --------------------------
meaningful way for Buddhists to remind themselves of
life's impermanence, show respect to the Buddha, and Q: What is morality (Sīla)?
practice generosity and appreciation for the beauty A: Living a good and ethical life.
Q: What does the Pāli word Pāramī mean?
around them. r A: Perfection or transcendence.
-------------------------- Q:Where was Pali used?
Q: What do flowers represent? A: In ancient Buddhist texts.
A: Beauty and impermanence. Q: What is the highest goal in Buddhism?
Q: Offering flowers can also be seen as a way of what? A: To attain Enlightenment.
A: Practicing generosity Q: What does Khantī mean?
Q: When Buddhists offer flowers to the Buddha statue, it A: Staying calm and tolerant.
reminds them to appreciate the beauty around them, ***
but also to understand what?
A: That beauty doesn't last forever.

***

Discovering Lasting Joy

Why do Buddhists offer water to statue?
Buddhists offer water to the Buddha statue as a way of
showing respect and gratitude to the Buddha. It is a
special ritual called "water offering."
Water is a symbol of purity and clarity in
Buddhism. When Buddhists offer water, it represents
The person who learns and follows the teachings
of the Buddha lives happily with a calm and
peaceful mind. The smart person always finds
joy in the teaching that the Buddha have shared.
Dhammapada
106 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter X
Pūjā (Offerings)
Offerring light to the Buddha Statue
Buddhists offer light to the Buddha statue as a way to
show respect and gratitude to the Buddha. The light
represents wisdom, enlightenment, and the teachings of
the Buddha. Just like a lamp brightens up a dark room,
offering light symbolizes the desire to eliminate
ignorance and bring clarity and understanding into our
lives.
When Buddhists offer light to the Buddha statue, it's
also a way of expressing their devotion and showing
their commitment to following the Buddha's teachings.
It's like saying, ‘I appreciate your guidance, and I am
dedicated to learning and practicing what you taught.’
The light can come in different forms, such as
candles, oil lamps, or even electric lights. By offering
light, Buddhists create a peaceful and serene atmosphere
in the presence of the Buddha statue, which helps them
focus their minds and deepen their spiritual connection.
So, offering light to the Buddha statue is a beautiful
way for Buddhists to pay homage to the Buddha, seek
wisdom, and remind themselves of the path towards
enlightenment and inner peace. r
--------------------------
Offerring flowers to the Buddha Statue 107
Q: Name one of the different forms of light.
A: Candles, oil lamps, or electric light.
Q: What does the light we offer represent?
A: It represents wisdom, enlightenment, and the
teachings of the Buddha
Q: What does offering light symbolize?
A: Offering light symbolizes the desire to eliminate
ignorance and bring clarity and understanding into
our lives
***
Offerring flowers to the Buddha Statue
Buddhists offer flowers to the Buddha statue for a few
special reasons. Flowers are beautiful and they
symbolize the beauty and impermanence of life.
Buddhists believe that everything in the world is always
changing, just like flowers that bloom and eventually
wither away.
When Buddhists offer flowers to the Buddha statue,
it reminds them to appreciate the beauty around them,
but also to understand that beauty doesn't last forever. It
teaches them to enjoy and cherish the present moment
because it will not last forever.
Offering flowers is also a way for Buddhists to show
respect and honor the Buddha. Just like flowers brighten
up a room and make it more pleasant, offering flowers
symbolizes making the Buddha's presence more
beautiful and inviting.
112 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Remember, offering perfumes or other things to the
Buddha statue is a way Buddhists express their love,
gratitude, and respect for the wise and compassionate
teachings that guide them to be kind and helpful to
others. r
--------------------------
Q: Why do buddhists offer perfumes?
A: It is a way to show respect and gratitude.
Q: When you give a Buddha statue perfumes what does it
mean?
A: It means you’re saying thank you to the Buddha.
Q: When you give perfumes to the Buddha what does it
do to the atmosphere?
A: It makes the surroundings smell good and pleasant.
***
Do Buddhists worship the Statues?
In Buddhism, the practice of worshipping statues can
vary depending on cultural and regional customs.
However, it is important to note that the primary focus
of Buddhist practice is not idol worship or the statues
themselves. Buddhism teaches that ultimate liberation
and enlightenment are attained through personal effort,
understanding, and inner transformation.
Statues, sculptures, and other visual representations
of the Buddha and various Buddhist deities are
commonly found in Buddhist temples and monasteries.
These statues serve as reminders and symbols of the
qualities and teachings of the Buddha and enlightened
Offering water to the Buddha Statue 109
their intention to purify their own minds and hearts.
They believe that by offering water, they can cleanse
any negative thoughts or actions and cultivate positive
qualities like kindness, compassion, and wisdom.
The act of offering water is also a way to express
gratitude to the Buddha for his teachings. Buddhists
believe that the Buddha's teachings can lead them to
find inner peace and happiness. So by offering water,
they are showing appreciation for the Buddha's wisdom
and guidance.
Sometimes, Buddhists also offer flowers, incense,
and candles along with the water. These items represent
different things. For example, flowers symbolize the
beauty and impermanence of life, while incense
represents the fragrance of good actions, and candles
symbolize the light of wisdom.
It's important to remember that offering water or any
other items to the Buddha statue is not about worshiping
the statue itself. Instead, it is a way for Buddhists to
connect with the qualities of the Buddha and to cultivate
positive qualities in themselves. r
--------------------------
Q: What do flowers symbolize?
A: The beauty and impermanence of life.
Q: What is the intention of Buddhists when they offer
water to the Buddha statue?
A: Their intention is to purify their minds and hearts.
***
110 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Offerring food to the Statue
Buddhists offer food to the Buddha statue as a way of
showing respect and gratitude to the Buddha. They
believe that the Buddha was a very wise and
compassionate teacher who showed them the path to
happiness and peace.
Offering food to the Buddha statue is like offering a
gift to someone you love and respect. It is a way of
saying thank you to the Buddha for all the teachings and
guidance he has given.
Buddhists also believe in something called "merit."
When they offer food or other things to the Buddha,
they believe that it creates good karma and brings them
blessings and happiness. It's kind of like doing
something good and getting rewarded for it.
Sometimes, the food that is offered to the Buddha
statue is later shared among the Buddhist community.
This is a way of spreading kindness and generosity to
others as well.
So, offering food to the Buddha statue is a special
way for Buddhists to express their love, respect, and
gratitude for the Buddha and to create good karma for
themselves. r
--------------------------
Q: Why do Buddhist share the food to the community
after serving it to the Buddha?
A: It’s a way of spreading kindness and generosity to
others.
Offerring perfumes to the Buddha Statue 111
Q: What is Merit?
A: When you offer food or other things to the Buddha
that can create good kamma.
Q: What do Buddhist believe if they offer food to the
Buddha?
A: They believe it brings good karma, blessings, and
happiness.
***
Offerring perfumes to the Buddha statue
Buddhists offer perfumes to the Buddha statue as a way
of showing respect and gratitude. Just like how we
might give a gift to someone we love or admire,
Buddhists offer perfumes as a special gift to the Buddha.
Perfumes smell nice, right? Well, when Buddhists
offer perfumes, it's like saying, ‘Thank you, Buddha, for
teaching us about kindness, compassion, and how to be
good people.’ It's a way of showing appreciation for the
wisdom and teachings of the Buddha.
Also, perfumes are used to make the surroundings
smell good and pleasant. By offering perfumes,
Buddhists create a lovely atmosphere around the
Buddha statue, which reminds them of the peaceful and
beautiful world that the Buddha's teachings encourage.
Offering perfumes is part of a practice called ‘Pūjā
which is making offerings.’ It's not just about the gift
itself but also about the feelings of love and devotion
that go along with it. By making these offerings,
Buddhists feel closer to the Buddha and his teachings.
116 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
forever, and when their good karma (positive actions)
runs out, they may be reborn in different forms, like
humans or other beings.
In Buddhism, it is believed that the Devas, like all
beings, are still subject to the cycle of birth, death, and
rebirth, which is called "Samsara." So, the main goal in
Buddhism is to achieve enlightenment or Nirvana,
where one is freed from this cycle and attains ultimate
peace and liberation.
It's important to remember that Buddhism teaches us
to be kind, compassionate, and understanding towards
all beings, including Devas. Whether they are Devas or
humans, all living beings deserve love and respect. r
--------------------------
Q: What are Devas in Buddhism?
A: Devas are celestial beings who live very long lives
in realms called Devalokas.
Q: What does Deva mean in Pāli?
A: In Pāli, it means "shining one" or "divine being".
Q: Do Devas live forever?
A: No, whenever their good kamma runs out, they are
reborn into different forms just like human beings.
***
Don't hang out with people who make bad choice,
Spend time with those who make good choices,
Respect and admire those who deserve it;
This will make you really happy!
Mangala Sutta
Do Buddhists worship the Statues? 113
beings. They can inspire practitioners to cultivate
qualities such as compassion, wisdom, and mindfulness.
When Buddhists interact with statues, it is not
worship in the sense of venerating a divine being, but
rather a form of reverence and respect. Buddhists may
bow, offer flowers, light incense, or make prostrations
as acts of homage or devotion. These practices are
meant to cultivate humility, gratitude, and a sense of
interconnectedness with the qualities embodied by the
Buddha or the enlightened beings.
The key principle in Buddhism is to cultivate one's
own understanding, wisdom, and compassion, rather
than relying solely on external objects or deities for
salvation. Buddhists strive to follow the teachings of the
Buddha and practice meditation, ethical conduct, and
mindfulness in their daily lives as a means to achieve
liberation from suffering. r
--------------------------
Q: Where are statues, sculptures, and other visual
representation located?
A: They're commonly found in Buddhist temples and
monasteries.
Q: What is the key principle in Buddhism?
A: It's to cultivate one's own understanding rather than
rely on external objects
***
114 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Are the Buddhists idolters?
Buddhism encompasses a wide range of beliefs and
practices, and different Buddhist traditions have varying
perspectives on the use of idols or images. In general,
Buddhism does not focus on idol worship in the same
way that some other religions do. Instead, the emphasis
is usually on personal spiritual development, meditation,
and the cultivation of wisdom and compassion.
That being said, some Buddhist traditions do
incorporate the use of statues, images, or symbols as
aids to meditation and as reminders of certain qualities
or teachings. These objects are not considered deities
themselves but are used as representations or focal
points for contemplation. The intention is to help
practitioners develop concentration, mindfulness, and
other positive mental states.
It's important to note that Buddhism teaches non-
attachment and the understanding of impermanence.
Therefore, the physical objects themselves are not
considered inherently sacred or divine. Their value lies
in the inspiration they may provide or the mental states
they may help cultivate.
However, it's worth mentioning that different
Buddhist traditions and individual practitioners may
interpret and approach the use of idols or images
differently. So, practices related to idol worship can
vary within the broader scope of Buddhism. r
--------------------------
What is Deva in Buddhism? 115
Q: Name one of the different forms of light.
A: Candles, oil Q: Is Buddha an Idol to Buddhists?
A: No Buddha is a guide, not an idol.
Q: What does Buddhism emphasize?
A: Personal spiritual development, meditation, and the
cultivation of wisdom and compassion.
Q: What is the intention of objects like statues, images,
or symbols of the Buddha?
A: Help practitioners develop concentration,
mindfulness and other positive mental states.
***
Chapter XI
Some Buddhist Believes
What is Deva in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, a 'Deva' (pronounced like 'day-vah') is a
special and magical being. Deva is a word from the
ancient Indian language called Pali, and it means
'shining one' or 'divine being.'
Devas are like angels or celestial beings in other
religions, but in Buddhism, they are not gods. Instead,
they live in beautiful heavenly realms called
"Devalokas." These heavenly realms are full of
happiness, joy, and wonderful things.
Devas are different from humans because they have
very long lives and amazing powers. They also enjoy a
lot of pleasure and happiness in their heavenly homes.
However, just like everything in life, their lives are not
120 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
But the good news is that Buddhism teaches that
everyone has the chance to change and do better. By
doing good deeds, and living a compassionate life,
people can improve their future and move away from
being born in not-so-happy places like Niraya.
It's essential to treat others with kindness and be a
good person, and you'll create a positive future for
yourself and those around you! r
--------------------------
Q: What is Niraya in Buddhism?
A: Niraya is an unpleasant place where people who
have done bad things in their past lives are sent.
Q: What does Buddhism teach everyone?
A: It teaches that everyone has a chance to change
and do better.
***
The Four Woeful States
The four woeful states in Theravāda Buddhism are:
Hell (Niraya): It is a very unpleasant and painful
realm where beings suffer greatly due to their bad
actions and harmful intentions.
Hungry Ghosts (Peta): Beings in this state are always
hungry and thirsty but can never find enough to eat or
drink. They are always dissatisfied and live in constant
craving and want.
Animals (Tiracchāna): This state refers to being
reborn as an animal, where beings experience a lot of
suffering due to their lack of freedom and intelligence.
What is Māra in Theravāda Buddhism? 117
What is Māra in Theravāda Buddhism?
Māra is an important figure in Theravāda Buddhism,
and I'll explain it in a way that's easy to understand.
In Theravāda Buddhism, Māra is often described as a
"bad guy" or a "troublemaker." Imagine him as a
mischievous, evil being who tries to distract and tempt
people, especially when they are trying to do good
things or find inner peace.
Māra is like a trickster who puts obstacles in the way
of those who want to follow the Buddha's teachings and
become enlightened. He represents the negative qualities
in our minds, like selfishness, greed, anger, envy, and
ignorance.
But don't worry, because the Buddha was very wise
and kind. He was able to see through Māra's tricks and
remained focused on his path to enlightenment. He
didn't give in to the temptations and distractions created
by Māra.
In the stories of the Buddha, there are many instances
where Māra tried to disturb him, but the Buddha always
stayed calm and compassionate. He showed us how to
overcome the challenges of Māra and stay on the right
path.
So, when we face difficulties or distractions in our
lives, we can remember the story of Māra and the
Buddha. It teaches us to stay strong, be kind, and not let
negative thoughts lead us astray.
118 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
By doing this, we can find inner peace and happin-
ess, just like the Buddha did. r
--------------------------
Q: What is Māra usually described as in Buddhism?
A: He is most often described as a “bad guy”.
Q: What negative qualities in our mind does Māra
represent?
A: The negative qualities in our mind that he repre-
sents is selfishness, greed, anger, and so.
***
What is Brahmā in Theravāda Buddhism?
In Theravāda Buddhism, Brahmā is a type of powerful
spiritual being known as a deity. Deities are beings who
live in heavenly realms and possess special qualities and
abilities. Brahma is one of these heavenly beings and is
considered to be the highest deity in some aspects.
According to Theravāda Buddhism, there are many
different heavenly realms where different types of
deities live. Brahma resides in the highest of these
realms, known as the Brahma realm. These deities are
believed to have very long lifespans and enjoy immense
happiness and beauty.
Brahma is often depicted as a wise and compasssi-
onate being, and some people may pray or show respect
to him as a form of reverence. However, in Theravada
Buddhism, the ultimate goal is to reach enlightenment
and break free from the cycle of birth and death, called
"samsāra," by following the teachings of the Buddha.
What is Niraya in buddhism? 119
It's essential to remember that the Brahmas are also
subject to death and different forms of Buddhism may
have varying beliefs about deities, and Theravada
Buddhism is just one of the many branches of Buddhism
practiced around the world. r
--------------------------
Q: What are deities?
A: Deities are beings who live I heavenly realms and
possess special qualities and abilities
Q: What type of realm does the Brahma reside in?
A: The Brahma resides in the highest of the heavenly
realms, this realm is known as the Brahma realm.
Q: What is the ultimate goal in Theravada Buddhism?
A: The ultimate goal is to reach enlightenment and
break free from the cycle of birth and death (also
called “samara”)
***
What is Niraya in Buddhism?
In Buddhism, Niraya is a place that is often described as
a really hot and unpleasant place. It's also known as
"hell" in Buddhist tradition, but don't worry, it's not a
place where bad people are sent to punish them forever.
In Buddhism, there's a belief in the cycle of life,
death, and rebirth. It's called "Saṃsāra." Niraya is
considered to be one of the unfortunate realms where
beings might be born if they have done very harmful
and evil things in their past lives. It's like a temporary
stop where they experience the results of their bad
actions.
124 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
by word of mouth and not written down until around
400 hundred years later.
They were compiled into three sets and written on
long narrow Palm leaves and stored in baskets, called
the “Three Baskets” or Tipitaka. The Three Baskets
are: (1) Vinaya: Rules of conduct for monks and nuns.
(2) Sutta: The Buddhas’ teachings. (3) Abhidhamma:
Higher Philosophy. r
--------------------------
Q: What are the 3 Jewels?
A: The Buddha, The Dhamma, and the Sangha
Q: What are the three baskets called in pali?
A: Tipitaka
Q: What do Buddhists believe the Buddha was?
A: They believe he was a human being who became
enlightened.
***
Basic Buddhism 2
Buddhists believe in kamma, the law of cause and
effect. Kamma is a fair and just rule. It is like a
boomerang. Every action and every thought we have,
good or bad, will come back to us in the future. We have
a choice to create new kamma by what we say, do, and
think. Intention is a major part of kamma.
If we accidentally step on an ant, we do not make
negative kamma. However, if we intend to kill the ant,
negative kamma is created. Buddhists see themselves as
part of nature, not apart from it. They do not kill
animals or use insecticides or pesticides.
What is Peta in buddhism? 121
Titans (Asurakāya): In this state, beings are
constantly engaged in battles and conflicts. They have a
lot of anger and aggression, leading to a life of struggle
and violence.
These states are considered woeful because beings in
these realms experience a lot of pain, dissatisfaction,
and suffering. However, it's important to remember that
Buddhism teaches that these states are temporary and
can be transcended through practicing good actions and
developing wisdom and compassion. r
--------------------------
Q: What are Titans (Asura.kaya?)
A: They are beings have a lot of anger and aggression.
Q: How does having a lot of anger and aggression
affect Titans?
A: It leads to a life of struggle and violence.
Q: Why are the four states considered woeful?
A: Because beings in these realms experience a lot of
pain, dissatisfaction, and suffering
***
What is Peta in Buddhism?
"Peta" refers to a type of supernatural being or ghost.
Theravāda Buddhists believe that when someone is
about to pass away, if they hold onto their belongings or
family very tightly in their thought, they might be born
again as a Peta, which is like a spirit in a special world.
But the person gets some good points called 'puñña
or merit' from their family who are still alive, they might
only stay as a Peta for a while. After that, they could go
122 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
to a better life if they were good when they were alive.
If they don't get this good chance, they might have to
stay as a Peta for a long time.
For kids, you can think of a Peta as a friendly ghost,
like the ones you might see in cartoons or Halloween
decorations. These friendly ghosts, or Pretas, are said to
have a lot of cravings and desires but find it challenging
to satisfy them because they don't have physical bodies
like humans anymore.
Pretas are often depicted as having big bellies and
tiny necks, making it difficult for them to eat enough
food. They can also be sad and lonely, as they feel
disconnected from the world they once knew.
Buddhists believe that being a Peta is not a good
thing, and they hope that these beings can find peace
and move on to their next life. This can happen through
various means, including receiving good kamma from
others, doing good deeds themselves, and letting go of
their cravings and attachments.
So, when you hear about "Peta" in Buddhism, just
remember they are like friendly ghosts with big bellies
and tiny necks, hoping to find peace and move forward
on their spiritual journey. r
--------------------------
Q: What are Peta's described as?
A: They are described as friendly ghosts with small
necks and big bellies who are hoping to find peace.
Q: If a Peta gets good points like 'pmerit', what
happens?
A: The person may spend less time as a Peta.
Basic Buddhism 1 123
Q: How can Petas move onto their next life?
A: Receiving good karma from others, doing good
deeds, and letting go of cravings and attachments.
***
Chapter XII
Buddhism in General
Basic Buddhism 1
Buddhism isn't just a belief, like thinking something is
true. It's more like actions we take and things we do.
The first step in becoming a Buddhist is taking refuge in
the Three Jewels. By doing so, we commit ourselves to
the Buddhist Path and following the Buddha's teachings.
The Three Jewels are the Buddha, the Dhamma and
the Sangha. They are called jewels because they are the
most precious things to Buddhists. A Buddha is not a
god. Buddhists do not believe that the Buddha is a god.
They believe he was a human being who became enligh-
tened, understanding life in the deepest way possible.
The Buddha told people not to worship him, but to
take responsibility for their own lives and actions. He
did not speak of a creator, but of a wonderful force of
kammic energy that links all beings together from time
without beginning.
Buddhism does not have a bible, but many holy
books. The teachings of the Buddha were passed down
128 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
In Buddhism, there is a belief in rebirth, which means
that after a person dies, they are reborn into a new life.
Buddhists believe that the cycle of birth, death, and
rebirth continues until a person reaches enlightenment
and breaks free from this cycle.
Overall, Buddhism is a way of life that encourages
people to be kind, compassionate, and mindful. It
teaches important values and practices that can help us
lead happier and more peaceful lives. r
--------------------------
Q; How do you stop the cycle of birth, death, and
rebirth?
A: By reaching enlightenment.
Q: What is one of the key concepts in Buddhism?
A: the idea of impermanence
Q: What does “Buddha” mean?
A: the awakened one
***
What is Theravāda Buddhism? 1
Theravāda Buddhism, which belongs to our Dhamma
Kids, is a type of Buddhism that originated in ancient
India. It is one of the oldest branches of Buddhism and
is practiced mainly in countries like Sri Lanka,
Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos.
Theravāda Buddhism teaches people how to live a
good and peaceful life. It focuses on the teachings of a
great teacher named Gotama Buddha, who lived about
2,500 years ago. The word ‘Theravāda’ means ‘the way
Basic Buddhism 3 125
Buddhists believe in rebirth, that each of us has
many lives. The same way there is yesterday, today and
tomorrow, we also have past lives, a present life and
future lives. We are born, grow old, die, and then are
reborn again. This cycle is called the Wheel of Rebirth
or Saṃsāra.
Actions in one life are likely to affect what we be-
come in future lives. Buddhists say that this cycle can be
broken by making kind and wise decisions in everything
that we do and say. We can eventually become enligh-
tened and reach a state of perfect peace. r
--------------------------
Q:What is Kamma?
A: It is the law of cause and effect.
Q: What does the Buddhas see themselves as.
A: Part of nature.
Q: What will affect our future life?
A: Our actions in our past life.
Q: What do Buddhists believe in?
A: Kamma & Rebirth.
***
Basic Buddhism 3
Filial respect for parents and family life is the most
important teaching of the Buddha. After his own
enlightenment, the Buddha returned to teach his family
the Dhamma, bringing them peace and happiness. When
his father became old and sick, the Buddha stayed by his
bedside and washed and fed him.
126 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The Buddha was the first to ordain women and
untouchables in the history of religion. He believed that
everyone had the same potential for enlightenment. His
aunt Pajāpati, his wife Yashodharā, and his half-sister
Sundharīnandā became the first Buddhist nuns.
Buddhist monks and nuns rely on the kindness of
donors for their food, shelter, clothing, and medicine. In
Southeast Asia, some monks and nuns go on alms
round. They do not ask for food, but silently accept
whatever is put in their bowls. This is not considered
begging, but an opportunity for laypeople to create
blessings.
Lay people are valuable in Buddhism, because they
support the monks and nuns, so they can carry on the
Buddha's work. In this way the sangha and lay people
benefit each other and together keep the Dhamma alive.
r In some Buddhist countries it is common for young
boys to live some time as monks as part of their training
and education.
--------------------------
Q: What religion was the first to ordain women?
A: Buddhism
Q: What do the Sangha and lay people do?
A: They benefit each other and together keep the Dharma
alive.
Q: What is the most important teaching
***
What is Buddhism? 127
What is Buddhism?
Buddhism is a religion that originated in ancient India
over 2,500 years ago. It was founded by a man named
Siddhattha Gotama, who later became known as
Buddha, which means ‘the awakened one.’
Buddhists follow the teachings of Buddha, which are
called the Dhamma. The Dhamma teaches important
principles like kindness, compassion, and mindfulness.
Buddhists believe in treating all living beings with
respect and avoiding harm to others.
Buddhism teaches people how to find happiness and
peace within themselves and in the world around them.
It focuses on understanding the causes of suffering and
how to overcome it.
The ultimate goal in Buddhism is to reach a state
called enlightenment, where a person becomes free from
all suffering and attains true happiness.
One of the key concepts in Buddhism is the idea of
impermanence. Buddhists understand that everything in
life changes and that nothing lasts forever. They learn to
accept this and not get too attached to things, which
helps them find peace and contentment.
Buddhists also practice meditation, which is a way of
calming the mind and focusing on the present moment.
Through meditation, they can develop a deeper
understanding of themselves and the world.
132 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Is Buddhism a religion?
Yes, Buddhism is generally considered a religion. It is a
spiritual tradition that originated in ancient India around
the 6th century BC and was founded by Siddhattha
Gotama, who is commonly known as the Buddha.
Buddhism encompasses a variety of beliefs, practices,
and traditions that revolve around the teachings of the
Buddha.
Buddhism is often referred to as a religion because it
involves a set of beliefs about the nature of existence,
the purpose of life, and the possibility of attaining
spiritual enlightenment. It includes elements such as
rituals, moral guidelines, meditation practices, and the
worship or veneration of revered figures, including the
Buddha himself and other enlightened beings.
However, it is worth noting that Buddhism can also
be seen as a philosophy or a way of life, as it places a
strong emphasis on personal spiritual development, self-
discipline, and ethical conduct. Buddhism does not
require adherence to a creator deity or theistic beliefs,
which distinguishes it from many other major religions.
Instead, it focuses on understanding and alleviating
suffering through the pursuit of wisdom, compassion,
and mindfulness.
Overall, while Buddhism has religious aspects, it is a
diverse and multifaceted tradition that encompasses
What is Theravāda Buddhism?1 129
of the elders,’ which means it follows the original
teachings of the Buddha.
In Theravāda Buddhism, people learn about the Four
Noble Truths. These truths explain that life can
sometimes be difficult, but there is a way to overcome
suffering. The teachings also emphasize the importance
of living a moral and ethical life, being kind and
compassionate to others, and practicing meditation.
One of the main goals in Buddhism is to reach a state
called ‘Nibbāna.’ Nibbāna is a state of complete peace
and freedom from suffering. People believe that by
following the teachings of the Buddha and practicing
meditation, they can eventually achieve Nibbāna.
Theravāda Buddhism also places great importance on
studying and understanding the Buddhist scriptures
called the Tipitaka. These scriptures contain the
Buddha's teachings and provide guidance for how to live
a meaningful and mindful life.
In summary, Theravāda Buddhism is a way of life
that teaches people how to be kind, compassionate, and
mindful. It helps individuals find inner peace and work
towards achieving Nibbāna. r
--------------------------
Q: What is Theravada buddhism also known as?
A: The Way of the Elders.
Q: What teachings of the Buddha does Theravada
Buddhism focus on?
A: The earliest teachings of the Buddha.
***
130 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
What is Theravāda Buddhism? 2
Theravāda Buddhism is one of the major branches of
Buddhism, alongside Mahāyāna and Vajirayāna. It is
considered the oldest surviving school of Buddhism and
is prevalent in Southeast Asian countries such as
Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.
The term ‘Theravāda’ translates to ‘the Teaching of
the Elders’ or ‘the Ancient Teaching,’ indicating its
emphasis on preserving the original teachings of the
historical Buddha, Siddhattha Gotama. According to
Theravāda tradition, these teachings were compiled into
the Pāli Canon, also known as the Tipitaka, which is
considered the authoritative scripture.
Theravāda Buddhism focuses on individual liberation
and the pursuit of Nibbāna, which is the ultimate goal of
spiritual attainment. The path to Nibbāna a is achieved
through the practice of ethical conduct (Sīla), meditation
(Samādhi), and wisdom (Paññā). It places great impor-
tance on the monastic community and encourages
monasticism as a means of dedicating oneself fully to
the spiritual path.
In Theravāda Buddhism, the Buddha is revered as an
enlightened teacher but not as a divine figure. The
emphasis is on personal effort and individual respon-
sibility for attaining enlightenment. Lay practitioners
support the monastic community through donations and
participation in religious rituals and ceremonies.
What is Theravāda Buddhism? 2 131
Key doctrines of Theravāda Buddhism include the
Four Noble Truths, which identify the existence of
suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path leading to
its cessation; the Noble Eightfold Path, which outlines
the ethical and meditative practices necessary for enligh-
tenment; and the concept of Anatta (not-self), which
asserts that there is no permanent, independent self.
Overall, Theravāda Buddhism emphasizes the culti-
vation of wisdom, mindfulness, and compassion as a
means to overcome suffering and attain liberation from
Saṃsāra (cycle of birth and death). It provides a fram-
ework for ethical living, meditation practice, and the
development of insight into the true nature of reality. r
--------------------------
Q: What is the pali canon also known as?
A: Tipitaka.
Q: What is the oldest surviving school in Buddhism?
A: Theravada.
Q: What does Theravada Buddhism focus on?
A: individual liberation and the pursuit of Nibbana
Q: What is the Buddha revered as? A: As an
enlightenment teacher?
Q: What is the concept of Anatta(not-self)?
A: There is no permanent, independent self
***
The teaching of the Buddha is to avoid doing
anything bad or harmful.
136 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: What did the monks do during the Council?
A: Thhey carefully recited all the teachings they had
heard directly from Buddha.
***
The Second Council
The Second Buddhist Council was held 100 years after
the Buddha passed away. So, it was held in 543 (or 483)
BC. After the Buddha's death, his teachings were
spreading to different places, and different groups of
monks started to follow slightly different rules and
interpretations.
At that time, a group of monks called Vajjiputta, at
the city of Vesāli, were lacking in discipline. The elders
of the Order tried to correct their views and practices.
They ignored the advice of the elders. So, the leaders of
the Buddhist community decided to gather and talk
about these differences.
As a result, the Second Buddhist Council was held in
the city of Vesālī. King Kālāsoka supported Buddhism
and played an important role in convening the council. It
was presided over by senior monk Venerable Mahā
Yasa. It was attended by 700 Arahants.
The purpose of this council was to clear up misunde-
rstandings and to preserve the Buddha's teachings
accurately. The monks discussed and agreed on the rules
and teachings that all Buddhists should follow. They
made sure that the Buddha's original message was
passed down correctly to future generations.
Is Buddhism a religion? 133
various interpretations and practices, and its classify-
cation as a religion may vary depending on cultural,
historical, and individual perspectives. r
--------------------------
Q: Where did Buddhism originate?
A: In ancient India
Q:What does Buddhism place a strong emphasis on?
A: Personal spiritual development, self discipline, and
ethical conduct
Q: What is an example of an emphasis on Buddhism?
A: ethical conduct.
***
Chapter XIII
Six Buddhist Councils
What is Buddhist Councils or Sangāyanā?
What is Buddhist Council or Sangāyanā? Imagine you
have a special club of friends who all love playing the
same game. Now, let's call this club the ‘Buddhist
Club.’ This club follows the teachings of a wise and
kind man named Buddha, who lived a long time ago.
As time passed, more and more people joined the
Buddhist Club, and they started learning and following
Buddha's teachings. But as with any big group, some-
times there can be disagreements or mis-understandings
about the rules and teachings.
134 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
To make sure everyone was on the same page and to
preserve Buddha's teachings accurately, the Buddhist
Club decided to have some important meetings. These
special meetings are called in Pāli ‘Sangāyanā’, which
means ‘Group Reciting’.
During these Councils, all the wise and knowle-
dgeable members of the Buddhist Club came together to
talk about Buddha's teachings and share what they
knew. They would discuss the rules, teachings, and
stories of Buddha's life to make sure they were being
remembered correctly.
There were 6 Buddhist Councils throughout Buddhist
history. Thanks to these Buddhist Councils, people all
around the world continue to learn about Buddha's real
teachings and follow his path of kindness, compassion,
and wisdom. r
--------------------------
Q: How many Buddhist Councils were there through-
out Buddhist history?
A: 6 Councils
Q: Whose teachings does the Buddhist Council follow?
A: The Buddha.
Q: What is like the Buddhist council?
A: It is like a club of Buddhists.
***
Be Kind and Avoid Mean Thouthts!
Do nice things quickly! Stop your mind from doing
bad things! Don't feel happy about being mean!
The First Buddhist Council 135
The First Buddhist Council
After the Buddha's death, his disciples continued to
spread Buddhism far and wide. Tradition tells us that the
First Buddhist Council, was held by 500 Arahants in the
ancient city of Rājagaha, India. It was three months
after Buddha's death.
The reason for this Council was to fix the doctrine
and the discipline (Dhamma and Vinaya) as taught and
laid down by the Buddha. The Council was headed by
most respected Venerable Mahā Kassapa, and with the
sponsorship of King Ajātasattu of Magadha Kingdom.
The events (meeting) lasted seven months.
During the council, the monks recited all the
teachings they had heard directly from Buddha. These
teachings were organized and compiled into different
categories called ‘Sutta’ (discourses) and Vinaya’
(monastic rules) and Ahidhamma (Higher Philosophy).
The first Buddhist council was a crucial event in the
Buddhist history as it laid the foundation for the spread
of Buddha's teachings throughout the world. Thanks to
the efforts of Mahā Kassapa and other devoted monks,
the essence of Buddhism was safeguarded and shared
with countless people, inspiring them to follow the path
of compassion, wisdom, and inner peace. r
--------------------------
Q: What was the purpose of the first council?
A: It was to fix the doctrine and discipline as taught and
laid down by the Buddha.
140 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The Fifth Buddhist Council
The Fifth Buddhist Council took place in 1871 A.D. in
Mandalay, Burma, under the patronage of King Mindon.
It had the participation of 2,400 learned monks. The
council was presided over by Venerable Bhaddanta
Jāgarābhivamsa.
The primary objective of this gathering was to
thoroughly examine the teachings of the Buddha,
ensuring that none had been distorted or omitted.
Additionally, during this Council, a significant
effort was made to preserve the Buddhist scriptures. The
entire Tipitaka was inscribed on 729 marble slabs,
which can still be seen at the base of Mandalay Hill. The
process of inscribing these scriptures took an extensive
period of 7 years, 6 months, and 14 days to complete.
Following the inscription, the bhikkhus recited the
inscriptions for 5 months and 3 days, providing their
approval and endorsement. r
--------------------------
Q: Where was entire Tipitaka inscribed on?
A: On the 729 marble stone slabs.
Q: What was the purpose of the fifth council?
A: To thoroughly examine the Buddha's teachings.
Q: How long did it take for the 5th council to be
finised.
A: 7 years, 6 months, and 14 days.
***
The Third Buddhist Council 137
After centuries, Buddhism was divided into 18
schools of thought. But, now we have only two major
schools, namely, Theravāda and Māhāyāna. The elders
of this Council belonged to the Theravāda school.
Meanwhile the Vajiputta monks developed the
Māhāyāna school. r
--------------------------
Q: Who was the president monk ot this council?
A: Venerable Mahā Yasa.
Q: What was the purpose of the second council?
A: To clear up misunderstandings and to preserve the
Buddha's teachings accurately.
Q: What did happen arter the second council?
A: Buddhism was divided into 18 schools of thought.
***
The Third Buddhist Council
The third Buddhist Council took place about 236 years
after Buddha's passing (3rd Century B.C.) It was held in
the city of Pātaliputta (Pattana) in India. The reason
behind this council was to purge the undisciplined
monks and preserve the pure teachings of the Buddha.
You see, as Buddhism spread to different regions,
some monks started to interpret Buddha's teachings in
different ways. This caused confusion and disagreemen-
tments within the Buddhist community. The leaders
wanted to bring everyone together and agree on what the
true teachings of Buddha were.
138 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The council was led by a great scholar monk named
Venerable Moggaliputta Tissa and under the sponsor-
ship of King Asoka the Great. There were 1,000 wise
and respected Arahants participating in this Council.
After the Council, nine missions of elders were sent
by King Ashoka to preach the Dhamma in the different
states of India and foreign countries. This was the first
time that Buddhism had spread out of India.
The third Buddhist Council played a significant role
in preserving the teachings of Buddha and streng-
thening the unity of Buddhism. It helped people all
around the world learn about compassion, mindfulness,
and how to live a peaceful and meaningful life. r
--------------------------
Q: After third council, King Asoka sent what?
A: Nine missions of elders to preach the Dhamma.
Q: What was the purpose of the thirdd council?
A: To purge the undisciplined monks and preserve the
pure teachings of the Buddha.
Q: What can mis-interpretations cause?
A: It can cause confusion and disagreemen-tments.
***
The Fourth Buddhist Council
The Fourth Council was held in a place called Aluvihāra
in Sri Lanka during the time of King Vaṭṭagāmani
Abhaya. About 500 knowledgeable and learned monks
attended the council. The chief monk in charge of the
council was Mahā Thera Rakkhita, who played a
leading role in the event.
The Fourth Buddhist Council 139
The main goal of the council was to preserve and
protect the teachings of Buddhism, ensuring that they
were passed down accurately to future generations.
During the council, the entire Tipiṭaka, which consists
of three main parts (Vinaya, Sutta, and Abhidhamma),
was recited by the assembled monks. These texts
contain the core teachings of the Buddha.
In addition to the Tipiṭaka, the monks also recited
and discussed the commentaries known as Aṭṭha.kathās.
These commentaries provided further explanations and
interpretations of the Buddha's teachings. A significant
and historic step taken during this council was the
commitment to writing the teachings on Palm leaves.
This was the first time in Buddhist history that the
scriptures were recorded in written form.
By recording the teachings in writing, the Fourth
Council helped to ensure that the Buddhist scriptures
would be preserved accurately and could be shared with
people beyond the oral tradition.
The efforts of this council played a crucial role in
the continuity and dissemination of Theravada
Buddhism, which remains an important tradition in
many countries to this day. r
--------------------------
Q: What historic step was take during this council?
A: It was writing all teachings on Palm leaves.
Q: What did the commentaries provide?
A: It provided further explanations and interpretations
of the Buddha's teachings.
***
144 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
People often visit these places to pay their respects and
find inspiration in the wise words of Buddha. It's a
symbol of hope and guidance for people who seek
enlightenment and inner peace.
No matter how big or small you are, you can leave a
positive impact on the world, just like Buddha did
through his teachings and actions. So, be kind, be
compassionate, and be wise in your own way! r
--------------------------
Q: Why is the Buddha Pāda a sacred symbol?
A: This is because it represents the actual footprints of
the Buddha
Q: What does Buddha Pāda remind people to do?
A: It reminds people to follow his teachings.
Q: How did people honor Buddha after he passed
when they couldn't make statues.
A: They used symbols to remember his teachings and
wisdom.
***
A Stupa or Pagoda
A Stupa or Pagoda is a special and sacred building in
Buddhism. It is like a tower or a dome-shaped structure,
and it looks very unique and beautiful.
In Buddhism, the Stupa or Pagoda is not just an
ordinary building; it has a special meaning. It represents
the enlightened mind of Buddha, who was a wise and
kind teacher that lived a long time ago. Buddhists
believe that Buddha's teachings can help people find
peace and happiness in their lives.
The Sixth Buddhist Council 141
The Sixth Buddhist Council
The Sixth Council was convened in May 1954 by Prime
Minister U Nu of Burma in Rangoon, Burma. This
significant event saw the collaboration and participation
of learned monks from various countries around the
world. Venerable Revata was appointed as the presiding
monk for the council.
During the Sixth Council, a total of 2,500 learned
monks from Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, India, and
other nations came together to re-examine the sacred
text of the Tipiṭaka, which comprises the teachings of
the Buddha.
The council's proceedings culminated on the
auspicious full moon day of Vesākha in 1956, coin-
ciding with the 2,500th anniversary of the Buddha's
Mahāparinibbāna, his final passing.
The significance of the six Councils lies in their
invaluable contribution to preserving the purity of the
Dhamma—the teachings of the Buddha.
The first three Councils took place in India, the
fourth in Sri Lanka, and the final two in Burma, each
playing a vital role in safeguarding the authenticity and
integrity of Buddhist scriptures. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the Tipiṭaka comprise?
A: The teachings of the Buddha.
Q: Where did the council's proceedings culminate on?
A: It culminated on the 2,500th anniversary of
Buddhp's final passing.
142 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: How many councils did take place in Burma?
A: There were three councils ind Burma.
Q: Who was the president monk of this council?
A: Venerable Revata.
Chapter XIV
Buddhist Symbols
Buddha's Relics
Buddha's relics are very special and important objects
related to the ancient teacher, Siddhattha Gotama.
When Buddha passed away, his body was cremated,
which means it was turned into ashes. But something
extraordinary happened - after the cremation, some of
his ashes and bones turned into small, shiny, and
precious beads-like objects. These precious objects are
called Buddha's relics which are called Dhātu in Pāli.
Buddhists believe that these relics hold special
powers and are considered sacred. They are kept in
special containers called Stupas or Pagodas and placed
in temples or other sacred places for people to come and
pay respect to Buddha.
Buddha's relics are significant because they remind
people of his teachings and the path to enlightenment.
They are a symbol of peace, wisdom, and compassion,
and many Buddhists find inspiration and comfort in
being close to these relics.
Buddha's Foot Print 143
The relics or Buddha Dhātus are a wonderful
reminder of Buddha's great journey and his timeless
teachings of kindness and understanding. r
--------------------------
Q: What do we call the Buddha's relics?
A: They are called Dhātu in Pāli.
Q: What did Buddha's ashes turn into?
A: They turned nito precious beads-like objects.
Q: Where are the Buddhs's Dhātus kept in?
A: They are kept in Stupas or Pagodas.
***
Buddha's Foot Print
Buddha's foot print, also known as Buddha Pāda, is a
very special and sacred symbol in Buddhism. According
to Buddhist beliefs, it represents the actual footprint of
the Buddha himself.
When Buddha was alive, people wanted to
remember and honor him after he passed away. They
couldn't make statues of him, so they used other
symbols, like the footprints, to remind them of his
teachings and wisdom.
When people see Buddha's footprints, it reminds
them to follow his teachings of compassion, kindness,
and wisdom. It's a way to remember the great teachings
of Buddha and try to walk on a path of goodness and
peace, just like he did.
Buddha's footprints can be found in different
Buddhist temples and monuments all around the world.
148 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
The Lotus Flower
In Buddhism, the lotus flower is a very special and
important symbol. It represents something beautiful that
grows from a not-so-nice place. Imagine you have a
pond or a marsh with muddy and dirty water. The lotus
flower grows right out of that yucky mud, but when it
blooms, it becomes this stunning and colorful flower
that everyone loves to see!
This is a bit like life. Sometimes, life can be tough,
and we might face difficult situations or feel sad or
angry. But just like the lotus flower, we can find
goodness and beauty even in challenging times.
Buddhism teaches us that we can grow and improve
ourselves, just like the lotus flower grows from the mud.
The lotus flower also reminds us of being pure and
kind, even in the midst of a not-so-nice world. Just like
the flower remains clean and beautiful despite growing
in dirty water, we can try to be good and kind to others,
no matter what happens around us.
So, whenever you see a lotus flower, remember its
special meaning in Buddhism. It's a symbol of growth,
purity, and finding beauty in difficult situations. It
teaches us to stay positive, be kind, and grow into better
versions of ourselves, just like the lotus flower does! r
--------------------------
Q: What can we find even in challenging times?
A: Goodness and beauty.
Q: What does the lotus flower symbolize?
A: Purity, and find beauty in difficult situations.
***
A Stupa or Pagoda 145
Inside a Stupa or Pagoda, there are usually sacred
relics or the remains of Buddha and Ahrahats. These
relics are considered very special and are treated with
great respect by Buddhists.
The Stupa or Pagoda is like a special place to
remember and honor the enlightened beings who shared
their teachings. It's a place where people can go to
meditate, pray, and find inner peace. It's like a symbol
of wisdom, compassion, and enlightenment.
Buddhists also believe that being near a Stupa or
Pagoda brings good luck and positive energy. So, many
people visit these beautiful structures to find peace,
show respect to Buddha, and make wishes for
themselves and their loved ones.
Overall, a Stupa or Pagoda is a special building in
Buddhism that reminds people of Buddha's teachings
and brings a sense of calm and happiness to those who
visit it. r
--------------------------
Q: Being near a Stupa or Pagoda brings what accor-
ding to Buddhists?
A: Good luck and positive energy.
Q: What does a stupa or pagoda represent?
A: The enlighted mind of the Buddha.
Q:What is usually inside a Stupa?
A: Sacred relics of Buddha and Ahrahats.
Q: A Stupa or Pagoda is a special place to do what?
A: to remember and honor the enlightened beings who
shared their teachings.
***
146 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Bodhi Tree
In Buddhism, the Bodhi Tree is a very special and
important tree. It's famous because it is the tree under
which the Buddha, Siddhattha Gotama, attained
Enlightenment.
Siddhattha Gotama was a prince who wanted to
understand the meaning of life and find a way to end
suffering. He sat under the Bodhi Tree and meditated
until he finally reached enlightenment. Enlightenment is
a state of deep understanding and wisdom, and it's also
called ‘Bodhi’ in Buddhism.
So, the Bodhi Tree symbolizes wisdom, understa-
nding, and the path to enlightenment. It reminds
Buddhists of the moment when the Buddha found the
answers he was looking for and became the "Awakened
One" or the Buddha.
Even today, people visit and show respect to the
Bodhi Trees because they are a reminder of the
Buddha's great teachings and the importance of finding
inner peace and wisdom. It's a tree full of history and
meaning in Buddhism! r
--------------------------
Q: What does the Bodhi Tree symbolize?
A: Wisdom and the path to enlightenment.
Q: Where did Gotama attained Enlightenment?
A: Under the Bodhi Tree.
Q: Why do people visit the Bodhi Tree?
A: To remind people of the Buddha's Great teachings.
***
A Buddha Statue 147
A Buddha Statue
A Buddha statue is a special and meaningful object that
represents the teachings and life of a great teacher
named Buddha. Buddha lived a long time ago in India,
and he taught people how to find peace, happiness, and
wisdom in their lives.
The statue usually shows Buddha sitting calmly with
crossed legs and a great serenity on his face. This
peaceful posture reminds us to stay calm and happy
even in difficult times. The long ears of the statue show
that Buddha used to be a prince, and the big bump on
the head is a sign of his deep thinking and wisdom.
When people look at a Buddha statue, they might feel
inspired to be kind, patient, and understanding towards
others. It also reminds us to be mindful and focused, just
like Buddha was when he meditated under Bodhi tree
and gained enlightenment.
Buddha statues come in different shapes and sizes,
but they all share the same important message: to be
good and compassionate to ourselves and others. They
are not just decorations; they are a symbol of peace,
love, and wisdom for us to learn from and follow. r
----------------------------
Q: What is the message that all Buddha statues share?
A: Be good and compassionate to everyone.
Q:What does a Buddha statue remind us to be?
A: Be mindful and focused.
Q: What does the statue represent?
A: Teachings of life.
***
152 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Buddhism. Vesak is observed on different dates
depending on the country, as it follows various lunar
calendars. Typically, it falls on the full moon day in the
month of May or June.
During Vesak, Buddhists engage in a variety of
religious and spiritual activities. These may include
visiting temples, offering prayers, meditating, and
performing acts of generosity. Devotees often decorate
temples and shrines with flowers and lights as a symbol
of enlightenment and the brightness that Buddha
brought to the world.
A key aspect of Vesak is the practice of observing
Sīla (virtuous behavior), Samādhi (meditation), and
Paññā (wisdom). Buddhists strive to cultivate these
qualities in their daily lives and during Vesak, they
make a special effort to uphold them.
Another important tradition during Vesak is the
"Bathing the Buddha" ritual. Water is poured over
statues of the Buddha as a symbolic act of cleansing and
purification. This ritual is often accompanied by
chanting and offerings.
Additionally, Vesak serves as a time for reflection
and contemplation on the teachings of the Buddha.
Buddhists may listen to Dhamma talks, read scriptures,
and engage in discussions about the core principles and
practices of Buddhism.
Vesak is also a time of celebration and joy. In many
Buddhist-majority countries, colorful processions,
cultural performances, and communal activities take
Dhamma Wheel 149
Dhamma Wheel
The ‘Dhamma Wheel’ is a special symbol that
represents the teachings of Buddha. The Dhamma
Wheel is also known as the ‘Dhammachakka,’ which
means ‘Wheel of Dhamma’ in Palil. The Dhamma
Wheel looks like a circle with spokes, kind of like a
wagon wheel. It has three main parts:
The Hub: This is the center of the wheel, and it
represents Sīla (discipline) and Samadhi (concentration).
Just like the hub holds the wheel together, Sila and
Samadhi help us stay focused and balanced in life
The Spokes: These are the lines that radiate from the
hub to the edge of the circle. The spokes represent the
different paths or ways to reach enlightenment and
understand the truth.
The Rim: This is the outer part of the wheel, and it
symbolizes the Panna (wisdom) that comes from under-
standing and practicing the teachings of Buddha.
The Dhamma Wheel reminds Buddhists of the Four
Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path that Buddha
taught.
So, whenever Buddhists see the Dhamma Wheel,
they are reminded of these teachings and try to live their
lives in a way that brings peace and happiness to
themselves and others. It's a beautiful symbol with a
meaningful message! r
--------------------------
150 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Q: What is the Dhamma wheel known as?
A: It is also known as the dhammachakka.
Q: What does the outer rim of the Wheel symbolize?
A: It symbolizes Panna (Wisdom).
Q: What does the Dhamma wheel represent?
A: It represents the teachings of the Buddha.
***
Buddhist Flag
In the 4th week after his Enlightenment, the Buddha sat
in a jewel house in the northwest direction of the Bodhi
Tree. This jewel house was not literally a house made of
precious stones, but it was the place where he conte-
mplated the 7 books of the Abhidhamma Pitaka. Accor-
ding to the Buddhist records, when he contemplated the
7th book, the Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations), rays of
six colors issued from the Buddha’s body.
The Buddhist flag is a flag designed in the late 19th
century as a universal symbol of Buddhism. The flag's
six vertical bands represent the rays of six colors. The
six colors are Nīla, Pīta, Lohita, Odāta, Mañjeṭṭha and
Pabhassara. These six colors are seen in the stripes of
the Buddhist Flag.
Nīla (Blue) represents The Spirit of Universal
Compassion.
Pīta (Yellow) represents the Middle Way.
Lohita (Red) represents the Blessings of Practice.
Odāta (White) represents the Purity of Dhamma
leading to liberation, timeless.
What is Vesak day? 151
Mañjeṭṭha (Orange/pink) represents the Wisdom of
the Buddha's teachings.
Pabhassara (Dazzle) or the combination of the five
colors represents the universality of the Truth,
Please remember that the Nīla (Blue) color needs to
be at the top of the flag. r
--------------------------
Q: When was the Buddhist flag designed?
A: in the late 19th century
Q: Why is the Buddhist flag created?
A: Because it symbolizes Buddhism.
Q: How was the flag created?
A: It was created from the rays of six colors that
formed on the buddhas body.
Q: Where do we have to place the blue color in the
Buddhist Flag?
A: It has to be top of Buddhist the flag.
***
Chapter XV
Buddhist Festivals
What is Vesak day?
Vesak, also known as Vesākha or Buddha Puṇṇima, is
one of the most significant festivals in Buddhism. It
commemorates the birth, enlightenment (Nibbāna), and
death (Parinibbāna) of Gotama Buddha, the founder of
156 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
It's worth noting that the Vassa robe is specific to
Theravāda Buddhism and may have variations or
different practices in other Buddhist traditions. r
--------------------------
Q: What does the Vassa robe refer to?
A: It refers to the special robe worn by the monks
during the three-month rainy season retreat.
Q: During Vassa day what should monks do?
A: They stay in one place, usually in a monastery.
Q: In some places, the Vassa robe is made from what?
A: It is made from discarded cloth materials that are
sewn together to create a patchwork design.
***
What is water festival?
The Water Festival in Myanmar, also known as
Thingyan, is a traditional New Year celebration held in
mid-April. It is one of the most important and widely
celebrated festivals in Myanmar. The festival usually
lasts for four days, during which people engage in
water-related activities to symbolize the cleansing of the
old year and welcoming the new year.
Thingyan marks the transition from the hot season to
the traditional Burmese New Year. It is celebrated with
great enthusiasm and joy throughout the country. The
festival is deeply rooted in Buddhist beliefs and
customs, but people of all religions participate in the
festivities.
Thingyan marks the transition from the hot season to
the traditional Burmese New Year. It is celebrated with
What is Kathina Robe? 153
place during this festival. These festivities aim to foster
a sense of unity and harmony among the Buddhist
community.
Overall, Vesak is a significant occasion for Buddhists
to honor the life and teachings of Gotama Buddha and to
renew their commitment to the path of enlightenment
and compassion. r
--------------------------
Q: What does Vesak day commemorate?
A: It commemorates the birth, enlightenment
(Nibbāna), and death (Parinibbāna) of Buddha.
Q: When does Vesak day fall on?
A: Typically, it falls on the full moon day in the month
of May or June.
Q: What other things take place during this festival?
A: Cultural performances, and communal activities.
***
What is Kathina Robe?
In Theravāda Buddhism, the Kathina ceremony is a
traditional Buddhist ritual that takes place annually,
usually in the month following the end of the three-
month rainy season retreat known as Vassa. During this
ceremony, lay devotees offer new robes to the monastic
community, specifically to the monks who have
successfully completed the Vassa retreat.
The Kathina robe holds great significance in
Theravāda Buddhism as it is considered a symbol of
154 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
honor and respect for the monastic Sangha (community
of monks). The robe offered is typically made of cloth
that has been specially woven and prepared by lay
supporters. It is considered a meritorious act to offer the
Kathina robe as it supports the needs of the monks and
allows laypeople to generate spiritual merit.
The offering of the Kathina robe is usually part of a
larger celebration known as the Kathina ceremony. This
ceremony often involves various religious activities,
including chanting, Dhamma talks, meditation, and
almsgiving. Lay devotees come together to participate in
these activities and express their gratitude and reverence
for the monastic community.
The Kathina ceremony and the offering of the
Kathina robe provide an opportunity for laypeople to
strengthen their connection to the monastic community,
deepen their understanding of Buddhist teachings, and
generate merit by supporting the Sangha. It is a
significant event in Theravāda Buddhist communities
and is seen as an important way to cultivate generosity,
gratitude, and spiritual devotion. r
--------------------------
Q: When do Buddhists donate Kathina robe?
A: In the month following the end of the three-month
rainy season retreat known as Vassa.
Q: To whom do lay people offer the Kathina robe?
A: To the monks who have successfully completed the
Vassa retreat.
***
What is Vassa Robe? 155
What is Vassa Robe?
In Theravāda Buddhism, the Vassa robe refers to the
special robe worn by the monks during the three-month
rainy season retreat, known as the Vassa period. The
Vassa is an annual retreat observed by Theravāda
Buddhist monks and nuns, starting from the full moon
day of July and ending on the full moon day of October.
During this period, monks are required to stay in one
place, usually a monastery, to dedicate themselves to
intensive meditation, study, and religious observances.
The Vassa robe holds particular significance during this
time, as it is the robe that the monastics receive or renew
for the upcoming retreat.
In some Buddhist communities, the Vassa robe is
made from discarded cloth materials that are sewn
together to create a patchwork design. This practice
reflects the Buddhist principle of non-attachment and
simplicity, as the robe is made from donated or found
materials, rather than new or expensive fabric.
The robe is an essential symbol of monasticism in
Theravāda Buddhism, representing renunciation,
humility, and adherence to the monastic discipline. It
serves as a reminder for the monastics to detach
themselves from worldly desires and focus on spiritual
development during the Vassa period.
160 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
However, as time went on, King Ajātasattu realized
the wisdom and teachings of the Buddha, and he
changed his ways. He regretted his past actions and
became a supporter of the Buddha's teachings. He even
became a Buddhist himself and showed kindness and
compassion to others.
King Ajātasattu's story teaches us an important
lesson about learning from our mistakes, showing
kindness, and following a path of goodness and under-
standing. It reminds us that we can change and become
better people if we listen to wise teachings and practice
kindness in our lives. r
--------------------------
A: His past actions.
Q: What was King Ajātasattu known for?
A: He was known for his ambition and desire.
Q: Who was the son of King Bimbimsāra?
A: King Ajātasattu.
Q: What was King Ajātasattu known for?
A: He was known for his ambition and desire.
Q: Why did King Ajātasattu kill his father?
A: He wanted to become to most powerful king in India.
***
Anāthapindika
Anāthapindika was a kind and generous person who
lived during the time of the Buddha. His personal name
was Sudatta. But he used to give food and shelter to the
poor and became known as Anāthapindika. He was a
wealthy merchant from the city of Sāvatthi. When he
What is water festival? 157
great enthusiasm and joy throughout the country. The
festival is deeply rooted in Buddhist beliefs and
customs, but people of all religions participate in the
festivities.
During the Water Festival, the streets come alive
with music, dance, and vibrant celebrations. People
young and old participate in water fights, throwing
water at each other using buckets, water guns, hoses,
and anything that can hold water. It is a time for people
to let go of their inhibitions, have fun, and cool off from
the scorching heat.
In addition to the water fights, the festival also
involves religious activities. Many people visit pagodas
and monasteries to make offerings, listen to sermons,
and perform acts of merit. Some devotees even
participate in ritual bathing ceremonies as a way to
purify themselves spiritually.
The Water Festival in Myanmar is a time of joy,
unity, and renewal. It is a significant cultural event that
brings communities together and allows people to
celebrate the start of the new year with enthusiasm and
optimism. r
--------------------------
Q: When does traditional Myanar New Year hold?
A: In in mid-April.
Q: How many days does Water Festival last?
A: The festival usually lasts for four days.
***
158 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Chapter XVI
Great Buddhist Dovotees
King Bimbisāra
King Bimbisāra was a prominent ruler when Buddha
was alive. He was the king and lived in the captal city
called Rājagaha in the Magadha kingdom, which is in
Bihar, India. He was known for his wisdom and strong
support for the spiritual teachings of Buddha.
According to Buddhist texts, King Bimbisāra had a
chance encounter with Buddha and was deeply impre-
ssed by his wisdom and teachings. As a result, he
became a devoted follower and patron of Buddhism.
King Bimbisāra's support helped Buddhism spread
in the Magadha region and beyond. He played a signify-
cant role in the early development of the Buddhist
community, providing them with monasteries and other
resources. The King donated the Buddha and his
disciples a beautiful bamboo grove, a place full of tall
and lovely bamboo trees.
Buddha and King Bimbisāra had a close relation-
ship, and the king often sought the Buddha's guidance
on matters of governance and spirituality. Their
association was essential in fostering the growth and
popularity of Buddhism during its early years.
In summary, Buddha was a spiritual teacher who
founded Buddhism, and King Bimbisāra was a powerful
ruler who became a devoted supporter of Buddha and
King Ajatasattu 159
played a crucial role in the early spread of Buddhism.
Their influence continues to impact millions of people
who follow the teachings of Buddhism today. r
--------------------------
Q: What was King Bimbisāra when Buddha was alive?
A: He was a prominent ruler.
Q: What did the king often sought?
A: The king often sought the Buddha’’s guidance on
matters of governance and spirituality.
Q: What was King Bimbisāra impressed of?
A: He was impressed of his wisdom and teachings.
***
King Ajātasattu
King Ajātasattu also was a very important and famous
king. He was the son of King Bimbisāra, who was also a
great ruler of the Magadha kingdom.
King Ajātasattu was known for his ambition and
desire for power. He wanted to become the most power-
ful king in India, and finally he killed his own father,
King Bimbisāra, to achieve his goal.
One of the most famous stories about King
Ajātasattu is related to his relationship with the Buddha.
The Buddha was a wise and kind teacher who taught
people about love, compassion, and how to live a good
life. But King Ajātasattu was worried that the Buddha's
growing popularity might threaten his own rule, so he
tried to harm the Buddha and his followers.
164 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
King Asoka embraced Buddhism, a religion that
promotes peace, non-violence, and love for all living
beings. He wanted to make sure that his people were
happy, so he built hospitals, roads, and other helpful
things to improve their lives.
One of the most famous things about King Asoka is
that he spread his message of peace and kindness far and
wide. He actively endorsed the third Buddhist Council,
following which he dispatched nine nissionary groups to
the nine corners of the world. He engraved his teachings
on huge stone pillars throughout his realm.
Because of his efforts, many people started to live
peacefully and respectfully towards each other. King
Asoka's legacy is a symbol of compassion, tolerance,
mutual respect among religious believes, and the impor-
tance of doing good for others. He is remembered as one
of the greatest kings in ancient history for his contri-
butions to the well-being of his people and the world. r
--------------------------
Q: What and where did King Asoka dispatche?
A: Nine missionary groups to 9 corners of the world.
Q: What did Kin Asoka actively endorse?
A: The Third Buddhist Council.
Q: Why did King Asoka became compassionate?
A: Because he embraced Buddhism.
***
Anāthapindika 161
heard about the Buddha and his teachings, he wanted to
support and help the Buddha and his followers.
So, Anāthapindika bought a beautiful park called
"Jetavana" from prince Jeta who also later became
Buddha's follower and supported the Buddha. They both
offered this park to the Buddha and his disciples as a
place where they could stay, teach, and meditate.
Anāthapindika also provided food, shelter, and
other things to the Buddha and his monks. He did this
out of love and respect for the Buddha and his teachings.
His generous donations helped the Buddha and his
followers spread their teachings to many people, and
they all were very grateful for his kindness.
The park Jetavana became a significant place for
the Buddha and his followers to practice and spread
their teachings. Anāthapindika's generosity and support
played an essential role in helping Buddhism grow and
become one of the major religions in the world today. r
--------------------------
Q: What did Jetavana become?
A: A significant place for the Buddha and his followers
to practice and spread their teachings.
Q: Who was Anāthapindika?
A: He was a kind and generous person that supported
the Buddha.
Q: What did Anāthapindika buy?
A: A beautiful park called Jetavana.
Q: What did Anāthapindikassa provide?
A: He provided food, shelter, and other things to the
Buddha.
***
162 Buddhism for Kids by Ashin Kelasa
Lady Visākhā
Lady Visākhā was a very important and kind woman in
Buddhism, and she also lived a long time ago during the
time of Buddha in the city of Sāvatthi. When she first
met the Buddha, even though she was just 7 years old,
she became a stream-winner (Sotāpanna in Pāli).
Lady Visākhā was known as one of Buddha's most
devoted and generous supporters. She came from a
wealthy family and was married to a kind man. She was
not only beautiful but also had a beautiful heart full of
compassion and goodness.
She showed her kindness and generosity by suppor-
ting Buddha and his monks with food, clothing, and
other things they needed. She also made a temple for
Buddha and his disciples. This temple was named
Pubbārāma, because it was located in the eastern part of
the city of Sāvatthi.
Her great support for Buddha and his disciples
made her an important figure in Buddhism. The Buddha
said that the foremost of my female lay followers among
donors is Visākhā. Her actions and devotion are still
remembered and admired by Buddhists today.
Lady Visākhā was also very wise and had a lot of
questions about life. She would often visit Buddha to
seek his teachings and advice. Buddha loved her
curiosity and would answer her questions patiently.
In summary, Lady Visākhā was a kind-hearted,
generous, and wise woman who supported Buddha and
King Asoka the Great 163
his disciples. Her example teaches us the value of
compassion, generosity, and seeking wisdom to lead a
meaningful and happy life. r
--------------------------
Q: What did Lady Visakha have questions about?
A: About life.
Q: Where did Lady Visakha come from?
A: A wealthy family
Q: Who was Lady Visākhā known for?
A: She was known as one of the Buddha’s most devoted
and generous followers.
Q: How did Lady Visākhā show her kindness and
generosity?
A: she supporting the Buddha and his monks with food.
***
King Asoka the Great
King Asoka the Great, also known as Ashoka, was a
very important and kind king who lived a long time ago
in ancient India. He was born around 304 BC and ruled
a huge empire that covered most of the Indian
subcontinent. His capital city was Pataliputta.
At first, King Asoka was a fierce warrior who
fought many battles and conquered many lands. But
after one particularly brutal war, he realized that
violence and war brought a lot of suffering to people
and animals. So, he decided to change his ways and
become a peaceful and compassionate ruler.
Notes Notes
Notes Notes