NAME: ALEX KIRIMI

ADM: PS15/00013/19

COURSE: MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING

UNIT: COMPUTER GRAPHICS

TASK: ASSIGNMENT 1

1.Explain what a computer graphics is?

Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures on computer screens with the help of

programming and It involves computations, creation, and manipulation of data.

2.Explain how computer graphics can be used in the following fields

a) . Education and Training

Computer-generated models of physical system, population trends, financial

system, economic systems or equipment are often used as educational aids.

Computer based training (CBT) tools are used in educational institutions to teach

various applications.

For some training applications, special systems are designed, such as simulators

for practice sessions or training of aircraft pilots, heavy-equipment operators, ship

captains, and air traffic control personnel. The simulator provides the situation
similar to the original conditions. Most simulators provide graphic screens for visual operation and a
control panel.

b) Engineering-engineers often need

to analyse large amount of information to study the behaviour of certain

processes. Scanning large amount of data to determine various results is a difficult

and time-consuming process. But if the data are converted to a visual form, the

results can be easily assessed via visualization.

c) Manufacturing -Correct structuring and representation of production management-information will

make the decision process more efficient in a factory. Graphic representation of survey data and
comparisons are often very useful.

d) Architecture: Architect can explore an alternative solution to design problems at an interactive

graphics terminal. In this way, they can test many more solutions that would not be possible without the
computer.

e) Science -scientist use presentation graphics to summarize scientific data for research report or other
types of reports.Some examples of presentation graphics are bar charts, line

graphs, surface graphs, pie charts, etc. showing relationships between multiple

parameters.
f) Aeronautics -computer graphics softwares provides a capability to evolve rapidly and refine aircraft
configurations by graphically and numerically defining aircraft components through interactive, on-line,
computer graphic display devices and unique, surface definition programs; to direct the computer in
analyses of the components or configurations;

g) Health -In Medicine,various fields depend entirely on digital images where scans, x-rays, and MRIs are
taken then undergo the various process in analyzing the images to determine the kind of disease and
also how they can come up with a cure. Most parts of the human body are so tiny and also covered and
without risk, images are taken then processed and analyzed.

h) Business -business visualisation is used by business analyst to analyze large amount of data to study
the behaviour of certain processes and help them in decision making.

i) Military -The multifunction situational display isdeployed to offer the operator the information he
needs in a digestible form. The objective of this kind of display may be to build and maintain a perceived
air-picture, in which case the operator may choose to display tracks, plots, and raw or filtered radar
images concurrently with information from identification friend or foe transponders, and radio emission
lines from electronic warfare receivers. These may be displayed in windows that the operator uses to
update the overall air picture, which is synthetically generated as graphics by the situational display
processor.

j) Agriculture - computer vision technology has been applied in agricultural sector mainly in detection
and grading of the quality of agricultural products, crop monitoring, automation of agricultural
production, crop disease identification and other aspects .

k)Computer Art: Using computer graphics we can create fine and commercial art

which include animation packages, paint packages. These packages provide

facilities for designing object shapes and specifying object motion.Cartoon

drawing, paintings, logo design can also be done.

l)Entertainment-Computer graphics methods are commonly used in making motion pictures, music

videos, and television shows. Sometimes the graphic scenes are displayed alone

and sometimes graphics objects are combined with the actors and live scenes.
Scenes can be generated using advanced modelling, surface rendering and other

image processing techniques. Graphics and image processing techniques can be

used to produce a transformation of one person or object to another, known as

Morphing.

m)Physiciolisation-For some physical systems , special systems are designed, such as simulators

for practice sessions or training of aircraft pilots, heavy-equipment operators, ship

captains, and air traffic control personnel. The simulator provides the situation

similar to the original conditions. Most simulators provide graphic screens for

visual operation and a control panel.

n)Image Processing-Image processing applies techniques to modify or interpret existing pictures.

Image processing can be applied for improving picture quality.

To apply image-processing methods, we first digitise a picture into an image file.

Then various methods can be applied to rearrange picture parts, to improve colour

separations or to improve the quality of shading. These techniques are used in

commercial art applications that involve the retouching and rearranging of parts of

photographs. Image processing is also applicable in satellite photos, medical

applications, etc to improve the quality of the pictures.

o)Graphical User Interface-Most software packages have the Graphical Interface. A major component of
the

graphical interface is a window. User can display multiple windows. Each window

can contain a different process. To make a particular window active, we click in

that window using some interactive pointing device.

Graphical interfaces also display menus and icons. An icon is a graphical symbol

that is designed to process some option. The advantages of icons are that they

take up less space and are easy to understand. Menus contain lists of textual

description and icons.