CPAR G Rade 12 1st Quarter Mod. 1 8 - SUMMARY

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CPAR 12 Reviewer 1ST Quarter
Contemporary World (Western Philippines University)
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by Loralee Bragat (loralee.bragat@deped.gov.ph)
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CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

REVIEWER
MODULE 1: ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
ART OF “SINING”
- Defined as the different manners of expressing human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic
conditions, objects, and presentations.
- Not confined only to what is seen.
- Involves the use of all the physical senses in order to appreciate it.
- Play a significant role in the abundant cultural identity of the Philippines.
- Reflects the people, history, and traditions of the Philippines as a whole.
 Philippine has diverse art forms from its different regions.

 These diverse art forms, when integrated, give a clear picture of how abundant the culture and tradition of
the Philippines is.
 It continues to evolve up to the present and progress to contemporary art tradition.
 As a Filipino, we should have the knowledge about the different art forms in the Philippines to fully
understand the culture, tradition, and nation’s identity.
 The development of Philippine arts comes in the THREE MAJOR TRADITIONS.

1) Ethnic Tradition
2) Spanish Colonial Tradition
3) American Tradition & Contemporary Arts Tradition
 Even before the colonization, the Philippines already has its indigenous arts.
 In this era, art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization.
 Consequently, after more than three centuries of Spanish colonization, Americans came.
 During American rule, development of Philippine art forms was mainly influenced by education and
governance.
 Subsequently, concept of modern art was introduced and pract9iced by many artists.
 It is in this time wherein urbanization, consumerism, changes in the political system, and rise of new
technology influence the development of art.
 Due to the modern art continuously developed which led to the contemporary art nowadays (luzviminda &
Sayseng, 2016).
ETHNIC TRADITION
CHARACTERISTICS/FEATURES:
- Art forms are primarily influenced by the geographical location and the experiences of the Filipinos
(luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016).
- In this time, the purpose of arts is integral to life. Arts reflected the pagan beliefs and practices, everyday
activity such as fishing, and specific decorative art pattern to the community.
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VARIOUS ART FORMS FROM THE REGIONS:
 ANGONO PETROGLYPHS
- Situated in Binangonan, Rizal.
- Was discovered by the National Artist, Carlos “Botong” Francisco, in 1965.
- There are 127 human and animal figures engraved on the rock wall and dated back to circa late Neolithic.
 MANUGGUL JAR
- Found in Manuggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan in the early 1960s.
- A burial jar which signifies the belief of early Filipino in life after death.
 BANGA
- Banga means pots.
- The Banga or pot dance is a performance of Kalinga of the Mountain Province of the Philippines.
- This dance shows the elegant grace of Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women.
SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION
- Art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization.

- In this time, Spaniards used arts to propagate the Catholic faith.
 Langit, Lupa, at Impyerno by Josef Luciano Dans (painting)

- Found in St. James the Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna.
- Was dated 1850 and depicts the heaven, crucifixion of Christ; earth, Adan and Eve, and hell, sinners with
different transgressions.
 St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral

- Located in Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur.
- The original structure was built in 1574 and replaced as a church in 1641.
- The cathedral follows Baroque architectural design.
AMERICAN COLONIAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTS TRADITIONS
MODERN ART
- Refers to the practice of art from 1860s to 1960s.

- The main theme of art works in this time is national identity.
CONTEMPORARY ART
- Refers to the practice of art from 1970s to the present.

- Contemporary arts mirror contemporary culture and society.
- Diverse and emerging art practices were being introduced in this era.
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MODERN ART
 The Making of the Philippine Flag by Fernando Amorsolo

- Fernando Amorsolo “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art” was born in Manila.
- It shows a reminder of the traditions and customs of the Filipino.
 Bayanihan by Carlos “Botong” Francisco (painting)

- Carlos was born in Ango, Rizal.
- Dated in 1962
- The mural painting shows the Filipino’s bayanihan tradition.
- It also shows the distinctive style of Francisco’s painting that showcased his mastery in arts.
CONTEMPORARY ART
 Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Paoay by Leeroy New

- Leeroy New is one of the Philippines contemporary artists.
- He was born in General Santos City.
- This art installation was made for the La Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte.
- According to Leeroy New, the art installation symbolizes the great festivals, feasts, and celebrations (Lapena,
2012).
 This art forms from various regions of from various artist contributed to the picture of Philippine’s identity as
a country.
 And as a Filipino, it’s important that we have knowledge to describe these art forms based on its details and
elements, in relation to our country’s culture and tradition, that makes it an artistic piece.
 In the field of arts, knowing the elements and principles of arts is important, not just to the artist but also t
the reviewer, to have a deeper understanding of an artwork.
ELEMENTS OF ART
1. SPACE
 IN VISUAL ARTS, SPACE PERTAINS TO EMPTINESS WHICH MAY EITHER BE POSITIVE SPACE OR NEGATIVE SPACE.
 POSITIVE SPACE REFERS TO A PART WHICH IS ENCLOSED IN A SHAPE
 NEGATIVE SPACE REFERS TO THE OPPOSITE PART WHICH THE SHAPE IS ENCLOSING.
2. LINE
 IN VISUAL ARTS, A LINE IS A SERIES OF CONNECTED POINTS.
 IT MAY COME IN 2 CHARACTERISTICS:
FORM (CURVED, DOTTED, OR BROKEN LINES)
DIRECTION (VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL, DIAGONAL LINES)
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 DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINES MAY CONVEY DIFFERENT MEANINGS:
a. HORIZONTAL LINES – CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF (CALMNESS) SERENITY AND PERFECT STABILITY.

b. VERTICAL LINES – CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF STRENGTH AND PERFECT STABILITY.
c. DIAGONAL LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF ACTION.
d. CURVED LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF GRADUAL CHANGE OF DIRECTION.
e. CIRCULAR LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF ABRUPT CHANGE OF DIRECTION.
3. SHAPE
 AREA THAT IS ENCLOSED BY A LINE OR LINES.
 TWO DIMENSIONAL FIGURES (HIEGHT AND WIDTH)
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHAPES:
a. GEOMETRIC SHAPES – circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, and others.

b. ORGANIC SHAPES – shapes that are found in nature and are free flowing, informal and irregular
Ex: shape of a leaf or cloud
(ABSTRACT SHAPES)
A. Asymmetrical and free flowing shapes
4. FORMS
 THREE DIMENTIONALITY OF AN OBJECT.

 IT HAS DIMENSIONS OF HEIGHT, WIDTH, AND LENGTH.
 UNLIKE SHAPES, IT HAS MORE DEPTH.
5. COLOR
 IN VISUAL ART, COLOR IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE NATURAL PHENOMENON IN OUR ENVIRONMENT
 SCIENTIFICALLY, WHEN A LIGHT PASSES THROUGH PRISM, IT WILL PRODUCE DIFFERENT HUES OF DIFFERENT
WAVELENGTHS.
 THESE COLOR MAY PERTAINS TO THE SURFACE OF AN ART PIECE.
6. VALUE
 IN VISUAL ARTS, VALUE IS CONSIDERED A PROPERTY OF A COLOR WHICH PERTAINS TO ITS LIGHTNESS OR
DARNESS.
7. TEXTURE
 IN VISUAL ARTS, TEXTURE IS THE ELEMENT THAT APPEALS TO OUR SENSE OF FEEL ON THINGS. (ROUGH,
SMOOTH, BUMPY, OR SLIPPERY).
 IT PERTAINS TO THE SURFACE OF AN ART PIECE.
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PRINCIPLES OF ART
1. PROPORTION
 REFERS TO THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SIZE OF ELEMENTS IN A BODY OF ART.
EX: WHEN DRAWING A HUMAN STANDING BESIDE A HOUSE, IT IS IMPORTANT TO ENSURE THAT THE SSSIZE OF THE
HUMAN IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE SIZE OF THE HOUSE.
2. HARMONY
 IN VISUAL ARTS, HARMONY IS THE UNITY OF THE ARTWORK, SPECIFICALLY ABOUT THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE
RELATED ELEMENTS.
3. VARIETY
 REFERRED TO AS DIVERSITY.
 ADDING MULTIPLE, DIFFERENT ELEMENTS TO BREAK THE MONOTORY OF AN ARTWORK AND MAKE IT MORE
INTERESTING.
4. MOVEMENT
 IN ARTS, MOVEMENT IS THE ILLUSION OF MOTION IN A PAINTING, SCULPTURE DESIGN, OR IN A PIECE OF AN

ARTWORK.
5. RHYTHM
 REFERS TO THE REPETITION OF CERTAIN ELEMENTS TO PRODUCE A PATTERN.
 IN VISUAL ARTS, REPEATED DESIGN ELEMENTS MAY CREATE A CERTAIN FLOW AND MAY LEAD TO THE VIEWER’S
EYES.
6. BALANCE
 REFERS TO THE EVEN AND EQUAL DISTRIVUTION OF ELEMENTS.
7. EMPHASIS
 A PRINCIPLE WHICH MAY REFER TO THE GREATER IMPACT GIVEN ON A CERTAIN ELEMENT.
 THIS ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS ARE ESSENTIAL TO UNDERSTAND THE MEANING OF A PIECE OF ART
CLEARLY AND DEEPLY.
 IN RELATION TO THAT, DIVERSE ART FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES CONVEY ITS MEANINGS THRO0UGH THE
ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES PRESENT TO THEM.
 SO, AS WE DESCRIBED SOME ART FORMS FROM THE VARIOUS REGIONS THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF
PHILIPPINE ARTS, LET’S USE THE ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS TO UNDERSTAND IT.
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REVIEWER
MODULE 2: ART (MEANING AND FORMS)
 THE ARTWORKS AND STYLES OF THE PAST HAVE EVOLVED AND HAVE ADAPTED TO A DYNAMIC CHANGING
WORLD, A WORLD EMMERSED IN THE LATEST TECHNOLOGY AND EMERGING IDEOLOGIES.
 THESE ARTWORKS AND STYLOES ARE CREATED, WITNESSED AND EXPERIENCED IN OUR LIFETIME BY ARTISTS
AND STYLE EXPERTS CATERING TO MILLENIAL AND GEN Z VIEWERS, AND TECHY CLIENTELE.
 THESE ARTWORKS ARE COLLECTIVE KNOWN AS CONTEMPORARY ART.
 THE TERM CONTEMPORARY HAS BEEN DEFINED AS SOMETHING “HAPPENING, EXISTING, LIVING, OR COMING
INTO BEING DURING THE SAME PERIOD OF TIME” (MERRIAM WEBSTER).
 CONTEMPORARY ART REFERS TO ART OF ANY FORM AND GENRE THAT PRODUCED IN OUR CONTEMPORARY
TIME, SIMPLY PUT AS “CREATED TODAY”.
 IT SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED WITH MODERN ART WHICH RANGES FROM THE END OF THE 19 TH CENTURY
UNTIL THE 1970’s OR 1980’s OR THE LATE 20TH CENTURY.
 IT WILL PUT CONTEMPORARY ART FROM THE LATE 20TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT.
 MODERN ART DIFFERS FROM CONTEMPORARY ART HISTORICALLY AND CONTEXTUALLY.
CONTEMPORARY ART
 INFLUENCED BY ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AD ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT WHERE THE ARTIST IS

IMMERSED IN.
 THE ARTIST’S EXPRESSION OF HIS PERCEPTION AND CO0MPREHENSION OF THOSE CONTEXTS.
 DIVERSE AS OUR PEOPLE.
 NOT CONFINED TO THE USUAL GENRES OF THE FOUR MAIN ART FORMS, NAMELY, VISUAL, LITERARY, APPLIED
AND PERFORMING ARTS.
 GENRES ARE CATEGORIES OF ARTISTIC CREATION AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY SIMILARITIES IN FORM, STYLE,
OR SUBJECT MATTER.
 MANY OTHER GENRES CAME UP WHICH INCLUDE PURE ARE FORMS AS WELL AS MIXED ART FORMS.
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EXAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
VISUAL ARTS PERFORMANCE ARTS APPLIED ARTS LITERARY ARTS

POP ART MUSIC: BLUES, VIDEO ART ILLUSTRATED NOVEL
ELECTRONJIC,
EXPERIMENTAL, FUNK,
HIPHOP, JAZZ, METAL,
POP, ROCK, ROOTS
WORD ART THEATER: STAGE, FILM, PHOTOGRAPHY DIGI-FICTION
STREET PLAY
CONCEPTUAL ART DANCE: FLASH MOB, COMPUTER ART GRAPHIC NOVELS
STREET DANCES
COMPRISING HIPHOP,
FUNK, HOUSE AND
RAGVE
INSTALLATION ART FILM AND MANGA
BROADCASTING ART
PHOTOREALISM ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN DOODLE FICTION
AND ALLIED ART
CONTEMPORARY TEXT-TALK NOVELS
REALISM
GRAFFITI ART CHICK LITERATURE
FLASH FICTION
HYPER POETRY
BLOG
 CONTEMPORARY ART IS PROMINENT IN THE PHILIPPINES AND HAS BEEN APPRECIATED BY SO MANY PEOPLE,
AND SOME OF THEM WERE NOT AWARE THAT THEY ARE LOOKING AT FINE EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ART.
 MANY CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTWORKS HAVE EARNED THE ADMIRATION AND RESPECT OF VIEWERS
FROM HERE AND ABROAD.
 THESE ARTWORKS ARE EXPRESSIONS OF THE ARTIT’S THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS BASED ON THEIR EXPERINCE OF
THE HERE AND NOW.
 THESE INCLUDE CURRENT EVENTS, ISSUES, AND SOCIAL CONCERNS AFFECTING THE SOCIETY WHERE THE ARTIST
LIVES IN.
 CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTISTS HAIL FROM THE DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY.
 THEY USE A WIDE VARIETY OF ART MEDIA IN THEIR CREATIONS, SOME OF THE MEDIA ARE MATERIALS THAT ARE
READILY AVAILABLE IN THE LOCALITY WHERE THE ARTIST RESIDES.
 CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTWORKS ARE MULTIFACETED AND ARE EXPRESSIVE RENDITIONS OF THE
ARTIST’S PERCEPTION OF WHAT WERE OBSERVED AND EXPERIENCED.
 THESE ARTISTS CREATE, WORK AND MAKE ART IN THEIR PERSONAL CONTEXT.
 VIEWERS CAN APPRECIATE CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART MORE BY EMPLOYING ALL OF THEIR SENSES.
 VIEWING ART IS NOT JUST A DETACHED EXPERIENCED BUT A DEEP PERSONAL EXPERIENCE OF DWELLING INTO
THE ARTIST’S MIND AND HEART.
 EXPRESSIONS OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART ARE INFLUENCED BY SOCIAL, HISTORICAL, GEOGRAPHICAL,

IDEOTIONAL, PERSONAL AND TECHNICAL FACTORS.
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 THESE FACTORS ARE EMBIBED BY THE ARTIST AND ARE COMBINED TO GET IMMESED IN THE HEART, TO GET
MOLDED IN THE MIND AND TO BE PROPELLED IN THE HANDS TO CREATE AN EXPRESSIVE REALITY.
ELEMENTS OF CONTEMPORARY ART
 CONTEMPORARY ARTS HAVE DIFFERENT ELEMENTS THAT ARE PUT TOGETHER TO COME UP WITH A DISTICT
ARTWORK. THESE ELEMENTS INCLUDE: (P.A.T.H.S.)
1. PERFORMANCE (P
 CARRIED OUT FOR VIEWERS TO EXPERIENCE.
2. APPROPRIATION (A
 RELATES TO THE MODIFICATIONS MADE BY THE ARTIST.
3. TECHNOLOGY (T
 ITS APPLICATION HIGHLIGHTS THE CREATIVITY OF THE ARTIST.
4. HYBRIDITY (H
 REFERS IN THE USE OF OF DIFFERENT ART MUSEUMS THAT ARE PUT TOGETHER.
5. SPACE (S
 INTRICATE USE OF SPACE.
….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 THESE ELEMENTS ARE COMBINED IN DIFFERENT WAYS TO COME UP WITH INTEROGATIVE ART.
 INTEGRGATIVE ART EMPLOYS THE USE OF DIFFERENT ART ELEMENTS USED TOGETHER IN DISTINCT DIFFERENT
EXPRESSIIONS.
 THUS, IT BECOMES A COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS FOR SPECIFIC GORUPS OF VIEWERS.
 INTEGRATIVE ART IS ALSO A FUSION OF DIFFERENT ART DISCIPLINES USING DIFFERENT STYLES AND MEDIA IN
CREATING ART.
 INTEGRATIVE ART COMES IN DIFFERENT SIZES AND SHAPES, FORMS AND STYLES AS OBSERVED IN JUNK ART
WHICH IS SCUPTURAL REDITION USING DISCARDED OR USED MATERIALS.
 IT CAN BE FOUND IN DIFFERENT ART DISCIPLINES USING DIFFERENT PLACES OF THE COUNTRY, USUALLY IN
URBAN AREAS WHERE ARTISTS HAVE READY ACCESS TO DIFFERENT ART FORMS AND MEDIA.
 EXAMPLES OF INTEROGATIVE ART INCLUDE THE USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMBINED WITH OTHER
MEDIA, THE USE OF NON-TRADITIONAL ART MATERIALS IN CREATING ARTWORKS USUALLY DONE WITH MIXED
ART FORMS.
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS FROM THE PHILIPPINE REGIONS
 WITH MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND EASY ACCESS TO FAR-FLUNG AREAS OF THE COUNTRY, MANY ARTWORKS
HAVE BEEN KNOWN AND MANY MORE ARE BEING CREATED BY PRESENT DAY ARTISTS FROM THE DIFFERENT
REGIONS.
 ALL FORMS OF ART CAN BE FOUND THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY.

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 ARTWORKS COMING FROM THE SEVENTEEN REGIONS OF THE THREE MAIN ISLAND GROUPS OF LUZON,
VISAYAS, MINDANAO, HAVE BEEN EXHIBITED IN DIFFERENT EXHIBITION HALLS AND MUSEUMS.
 VIEWERS HAVE COME TO KNOW AND, MORE IMPORTANTLY, TO UNDERSTAND THE PRESENT-DAY ART
EXPRESSIONS OF ARTISTS WHO WANT THEIR CULTURE, SITUATIONS AND ISSUES BE KNOWN THROUGH THEIR
ARTWORKS.
THE DISTICT FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART INCLUDE: (C.H.I.M.I.C)
1. COMMUNAL NATURE (C
 IT REFLECTS THE RELATIONSHIPS BUILD ARUND THE BONDS OF COMMUNJITY AND SOCIETY
2. HOLISTIC (H
 AS INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS OF PEOPLE AND EVENTS ARE PERCIEVED IN THEIR ENTIRETY AS WELL AS THE UNITIVE
USE OF ART MATERIALS AND FORMS.
3. INTUITIVE ( I
 AS FILIPINOS ARE IMMERSED IN THEIR CONSCIOUSNESS OF THESELVES, THEIR COMMUNITY AND THEIR
CULTURE.
4. MULTI-FOCAL (M
 AS IT CONSIDERS EVERYTHING AND EVERYONE, THE WIDE PERSPECTIVE OF THE ARTWORK AS WELL AS BOTH
ARTIST AND VIEWER.
5. INTEGRATIVE (I
 AS IT ENCOMPASES RELIGIOUS, MORAL, SPIRITUAL, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS.
6. CREATIVE PROCESS (C
 AS THE ARTIST PUTS MORE EMPHASIS OR NOW THEIR ARTWORK WAS MADE THAN ON THE ARTWORK ITSELF.

REVIEWER
MODULE 3: CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND THE REGIONS
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 DIFFERENT KINDS OF LOCAL ARTWORKS HAVE SPRUNG ONLY IN THE URBAN CENTERS OF THE COUNTRY AND IN
SCHOOLS OF ARTS OF DIFFERENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BUT ALSO A LOT MORE OF NEVER BEFORE SEEN
OR HEARD ART FORMS FROM THE COUNTRYSIDE HAVE MADE KNOWN AND HAVE BECOME RENOWED.
 THE SEEMING ISOLATION AND DISTANCE OF MANY COMMUNITIES IN FAR FLUNG REGIONS HAVE KEPT THE
BEAUTY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF COUNTLESS FORMS OF PHILIPPINE ART.
 IT IS REAL GOOD NEWS THAT THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED AND HAVE BEEN EXPRESSED.
 THE ROLE OF DIVERSE ART FORMS FROM THE DIFFERENT PLACES OF THE PHILIPPINES TO THE COUNTRY’S
CULTURE, TRADITION, AND IDENTITY IS HIGHLIGHTED AND GREATLY APPRECIATED IN THE PREVIOUS LESSONS.
 VARIOUS ART FORMS ARE KNOWN FROM THE DIFFERENT REGIONS OR ISLAND GROUPS OF THE PHILIPPINES;
GENERALLY, FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, MINDANAO.
 THOUGH THESE VARIOUS ART FORMS, WE TEND TO PICTURE OUT THE DIFFERENT PRACTICES OF FILIPINOS
FROM THE DIFFERENT REGIONS THAT, WHEN INTEGRATED, DESCRIBE WHAT PHILIPPINE IS.
SCULPTURE
 THE BONIFACIO MONUMENT
DANCE
 TINIKLING
LITERATURE
 THE ARCHIPELAGO BY:CIRILO F. BAUTISTA
PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ARTS
 PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ART CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO SEVEN MAJOR ART FORMS.THESE ARE PAINTING,
SCULPTURE,ARCHITECTURE, FILM, LITERATURE ,MUSIC, THEATER, AND DANCE.
 KNOWING THESE CLASSIFICATION WILL GUIDE US IN IDENTIFYING AND EXPLORING DIFFERENT

CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS FROM THE REGIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES.
 PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ARTS CAN BE DESCRIBED INTO VISUAL ARTS,LITERARY ARTS,AND PERFORMING
ARTS.
PAINTING
 PAINTING THE EXPRESSION OF IDEAS AND EMOTION ,WITH THE CREATION OF CERTAIN AESTHETIC QUALITIESIN
A TWO-DIMENSIONAL VISUAL LANGUAGE.
 ELEMENTS OF THIS LANGUAGE - SHAPES, LINES, COLORS, TONES, AND TEXTURES. (USED IN VARIOUS WAYS TO
PRODUCE SENSATIONS OF VOLUME, SPACE, MOVEMENT, AND LIGHT ON A FLAT SURFACE.
 THE FIRS PAINTINGS HERE IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE COMMISSIONED WORKS DURING SPANIS COLONIZTION.
PAINTINGS FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, MINDANAO.

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LUZON
 THE SKETCH BY VICTORIO EDADES
VISAYAS
 MAGELLAN’S CROSS BY RAUL AGAS
MINDANAO)
 SALAAM (PEACE) BY RAMEER TAWASIL
SCULPTURE
 AN ART FORM IN WHICH HARD OR PLASTIC MATERIALS ARE WORKED INTO THREE-DIMENSIONAL ART OBJECTS.
 FILIPINO SCULPTURES CAME TO BE KNOWN IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19 TH CENTURY.
SCULPTURE FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, MINNAO.
LUZON
 THE BONIFACIO MONUMENT BY GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
VISAYAS
 SANDUGO (BLOOD COMPACT) BY NAPOLEON ABUEVA
MINDANAO)
 SIX LADIES IN DURIAN BY KUBLAI MILLAN
ARCHITECTURE
 THE ART AND PRACTICE OF DESIGNING AND CO0NSTRUCTING BUILDINGS (CAMBRIDGE ADVANCED LEARNER’S
DICTIONARY AND THESAURUS).
PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE CHARACTERS;
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 SIMPLE
 RATIONAL
 FUNCTIONAL
 IN THE 20TH CENTURY, THE YOUNG FILIPINO WHO STUDIED IN AMERICAN COLLEGES AND INSTITUES
INTRODUCED THE NEOCLASSIC STYLE IN BUILDING STRUCTURES.
 HOWEVER, AFTER WORLD WAR II, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT STARTED TO TAKE PLACE (SANDAGAN &
SAYSENG, 2016).
 TO ILLUSTRATE THESE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS, THESE ARE SOME EXAMPLES FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, AND
MINDANAO.
ARCHITECTURE FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, MINDANAO.
LUZON
 CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES BY LEANDRO LOCSIN
VISAYAS
 SAINT ANDREW THE APOSTLE CHURCH BY LEANDRO LOCSIN
MINDANAO)
 PEARL FARM BEACH RESORT BY FRANCISCO MANOSA
FILM
 A FORM OF VISUAL ART USE TO IMITATE EXPERIENCES THAT COMMUNICATE IDEAS, STORIES, OR FEELINGS WITH
THE USE OF MOVING IMAGES.
 IT IS ALSO CALLED A MOVIE, OR MOTION PICTURE.
 THE ART FORM THAT IS THE RESULT OF THE FILM IS CALLED CINEMA (FABER & WALTERS, 2003)
 THE FILM INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES STARTED IN 1897.
 IN THE CONTEMPORRARY PERIOD, MARTYR WIFE, SUPERHERO, ACTION, MELODARAMAS, AND COMEDIES ARE
SOME OF THE USUAL SUBJECTS AND THEMES IN THE PHILIPPINE FILMS.
FILM FROM LUZON, VISAYAS, MINNAO.
LUZON
 HIMALA BY9ISHMAEL BERNAL
VISAYAS
 MURO-AMI ) BY MARILOU DIAZ-ABAYA
MINDANAO)
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 MINDANAO BYBRILLANTE MENDOZA
 APART FROM VISUAL ARTS, THERE ARE PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS
LITERARY ARTS.
 LITERARY ARTS ARE AN EXPRESSION OF IDEAS, THROUGH WRITING.
 LITERARY ARTS CAN BE CATEGORIZED AS:
 POETRY
 PROSE
 DRAMA
 IN THE PHILIPPINES, LITERARY ARTS ARE GREATLY ENCOUNTERED LITERATURE.
LITERATURE.
 ACCORDING TO LOMBARDI, (2020), LITERATURE IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE WRITTEN AND SOMETIMES
SPOKEN MATERIALS.
 DERIVED FROM THE LATIN WORD LITERATURE MEANING “WRITING FORMED WITH LETTERS”.
 LITERATURE MOST COMMONLY REFERS TO WORKS OF THE CREATIVE IMAGINATION, INCLUDING POETRY,
DRAMA, FICTION, NONFICTION, AND IN SOME INSTANCES, JOURNALISM, AND SONG.
LUZON VISAYAS MINDANAO

A BLADE OF FERN PANHAYHAYHIN BUNGTOHANON DEAD STARS
BY EDITH OCAMPO BY FRANCISCO ALVARADO BY H.O SANTOS
I SAW THE FALL OF THE PHILIPPINES AN HIGUGMA INDARAPATRA AT SULAYMAN
BY CARLOS P. ROMULO BY ILLUMINADO LUCENTE BY BARTOLOME DEL VALLE
FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE ALSO PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS
PERFORMANCED ARTS.
A PERSON DOING CERTAIN ACTIONS AND MOVEMENT IN FRONT AN AUDINECE THAT GO LONG WITH SOUND IN A
SPACE AND TIME IS CALLED PERFORMING ARTS.
MUSIC AND THEATER
 MUSIC IS A COLLECTION OF COORDINATED SOUND OR SOUNDS.
 ACCORDING TO RAMON P. SANTOS IN HIS ARTICLES CONTEMPORARY MUSIC, CONTEMPORARY MUSIC IN THE
PHILIPPINES USUALLY REFERS TO COMPOSITIONS THAT HAVEADOPTED IDEAS AND ELEMENTS FROM
TWENTIETH-CENTURY ART MUSIC IN THE WEST, AS WELL AS THE LATEST TRENDS AND MUSICAL STYLES IN THE
ENTRTAINMENT INDUSTRY.
 FILIPINO MUSIC HAD ALREADY A RICH AND UNIQUE MUSICAL TRADITION LONG BEFORE WESTERNERS SET FOOT
ON OUR NATIVE LAND.
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 MUSIC WAS PRESENT IN EVERY STAGE OF OUR ANCESTORS’ LIVES - FROM BIRTH TO DEATH, IN BLISSFUL OR
TRAGIC TIMES BELOW ARE SOME MUSIC FROM THE DIFFERENT REGIONS OF OUR COUNTRY.
LUZON
 PASTORES
VISAYAS
 PINALANGGA
MINDANAO)
 BUYAYANG
 THEATER IS A COLLABORATIVE FORM OF FINE ART THAT USESLIVE PERFORMANCES TO PRESENT THE
EXPERIENCE OF A REAL OR IMAGINED EVENT BEFORE A LIVE AUDINCE IN A SPECIFIC PLACE.
 THE PERFORMANCES MAY COMMUNICATE THIS EXPERIENCE TO THE AUDIENCE THROUGH COMBINATIONS OF
GESTURE, SPEECH, SONG, MUSIC, OR DANCE.
 SOME OF THE THEATER PLAY IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE THE FOLLOWING:
LUZON
 TANIKALOANG GINTO
VISAYAS
DANCE
 THE MOVEMENT OF THE BODY IN A RYTHMIC WAY, USUALLY TO MUSIC AND WITHIN A GIVEN SPACE, FOR THE
PURPOSE OF EXPRESSING AN IDEA OR EMOTION, RELEASING ENERGY, OR SIMPLY TAKING DELIGHT IN THE
MOVEMENT ITSELF.

REVIEWER
MODULE 4: NATIONAL ARTISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL ARTIST
- A Filipino who has made a significant contribution to the development of Philippine arts in the fields of
Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Film an Architecture.
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- A Filipino individual who should have been awarded the highest national recognition for the arts namely,
National Artist award.
- In the Filipino context, it is also known as the Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining.
 Dr. Nicanor Tiongson said that, there is an important role played by contemporary artists in making art that
will contribute to social change by informing the viewers and audiences about the nature and causes of the
adversities they face as Filipinos.
 It was said that with this enlightenment, it gives the artists responsibility in their craft.
 Dr. Tiongson also challenges the artist to create art that has a social and political relevance.
 This kind of art will contribute to an awareness of present realities and conditions of society.
 The Philippine values ,many significant Filipino artist who have a prominent contribution to the promotion
and preservation of our cultural heritage.
 They have made a notable contribution of their own field of expertise, obtaining them the order of National
Artist.
 7 Categories for the National Artist are, MUSIC, DANCE, THEATER, VISUAL ARTS, LITERATURE, FILM AND
BROADCAST ARTS, AND ARCHITECTURE OR ALLIED ARTS.
THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTIST:
- The highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals who have made significant contributions to the
development of Philippine arts.
- The order is concurrent administrated by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and
conferred by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions.
- The awards is one of the honors conferred by the Republic of the Philippines that represents the nation’s
highest ideals in the humanities and aesthetic expression through the recognizable achievements of
individual citizens.
- The said achievements are measured in terms of their vision, unusual insight, creativity and imagination,
technical proficiency of the highest order in expressing Filipino culture and traditions, history, way of life, and
aspirations.
- Under the proclamation No. 1001 dated April 27, 1072 the Order of the National Artist Award was
established.
- It gives an appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos who have acclaimed themselves and made
remarkable contribution to Philippine arts and letters.
- The first award was given to Fernando Amorsolo, on May 15, 1973 under the Proclamation No. 1144, CCP
Board of Trustees was named as the National Artist Awards Committee.
- The President Decree No.28 that was issued on June 7, 1973 reiterated the mandate of CCP to administer the
National Awards as well as the privileges and honors to National Artist.
THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS AIMS TO RECOGNIZE:
1. The Filipino artists have made significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the country.
2. The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest level and to promote creative expression as significant to
the development of a national cultural identity.
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3. The Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to their works to forget new paths and directions for future
generations of Filipino artists.
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE SEVEN CATEGORIES UNDER WHCH NATIONAL ARTISTS CAN BE RECOGNIZED:
1. LITERATURE – POETRY, FICTION, ESSAY, PLAYWRITING, JOURNALISM AND/OR LITERARY CRITICISM;
2. FILM & BROADCASTING / BROADCAST ARTS – DIRECTION, WRITING, PRODUCTION DESIGN,

CINEMATOGRAPHY, EDITING, CAMERA WORK, AND/OR PERFORMANCE
3. ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN, AND ALLIED ARTS – ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, INTERIOR DESIGN, INDUSTRIAL ARTS
DESIGN, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND FASHION DESIGN.
4. MUSIC- SINGING, COMPOSITION, DIRECTION, AND/OR PERFORMANCE
5. DANCE – CHOREOGRAPHY, DIRECTION AND/OR PERFORMANCE
6. THEATER – DIRECTION, PERFROMANCE AND/OR PRODUCTION DESIGN
7. VISUAL ARTS – PAINTING, SCULPTURE, PRINTMAKING, PHOTOGRAPHY, INSTALLATION ART, MIXED MEDIA
WORKS, ILLUSTRATION, GRAPHIC ARTS, PERFORMANCE ART AND/OR IMAGING.
QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE NATIONAL ARTIST AWARD
THE QUALIFICATIONS FOR A FILIPINJO TO BE NOMINATED AND SELECTED ARE RIGOROUS.
1. LIVING ARTISTS WHO ARE NATURAL-BORN FILIPINO CITIZENS.

2. THE CONTENT AND FORM OF THEIR WORK HAVE PROCURED IN BUILDING A FILIPINO SENSE OF
NATIONHOOD.
3. AN RTIST WHO HAVE DEVELOPED A MODE OF CREATIVE EXPRESSIONH OR STYLE AND LIVING A LEGEND ON
SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS OF ARTISTS.
4. AN ARTIST WHO MANIFEST EXCELLENCE IN THE PRACTICE OF THEIR ART FORM
5. THE ARTWORK MADE HAS ATTAINED AN INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL RECONGNITION.
INSIGNIA OF THE ORDER OF THE NATIONAL ARTISTS
 THE INSIGNIA OF THE ORDER OF THE NATIONJAL ARTISTS IS FORMED FROM A GRAND COLLAR FEATURING
CIRCULAR LINKS DEPICTING THE ARTS AND AN EIGHT-POINTED SUNBURST SUSPENDED FROM A
SAMPAGUITA WREATYH IN GREEN AND WHITE ENAMEL.
 THE CENTER OF THE BADGE IS DIVIDED INTO THREE EQUAL PORTIONS, IN RED, WHITE AND BLUE
REPRESENTING THE PHILIPPINE FLAG WITH THREE STYLIZED LETTER K’S THAT STANDS FOR THE CPP’S MOTTO
“KATOTOHANAN, KABUTIHAN, KAGANDAHAN”.
 THE GRAND COLLAR IS MADE FROM SILVER GILT BRONZE.

REVIEWER
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MODULE 5: ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS
ELEMENTS OF ARTS:
1. LINE
– USED TO DEFINED SHAPE, CONTOURS, AND OUTLINES
- ALSO TO SUGGEST MASS AND VOLUME.
- IT MAY BE CONTINOUS MARK MADE ON A SURFACE WITH A POINTED TOOL OR IMPLIED BY THE EDGES OF
SHAPES AND FORMS.
CHARACTERISTICS:
- FORM (CURVED, DOTTED, BROKEN LINES)

- DIRECTION (VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL, OR DIAGONAL LINES)
DEFINITIONS:
f. HORIZONTAL LINES – CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF SERENITY AND PERFECT STABILITY.
g. VERTICAL LINES – CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF STRENGTH AND PERFECT STABILITY.
h. DIAGONAL LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF ACTION.
i. CURVED LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF GRADUAL CHANGE OF DIRECTION.
j. CIRCULAR LINES - CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF ABRUPT CHANGE OF DIRECTION.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINES:
a. OUTLINES – MADE BY THE EDGE OF AN OBJECT OR ITS SILHOUETTE.

b. CONTOUR LINES – DDESCRIBE THE SHAPE OF AN OBJECT AND THE INTERIOR DETAIL.
c. EXPRESSIVE LINES – CATCH THE MOVEMENT AND GESTURES OF AN ACTIVE FIGURE.
d. SKETCH LINES – CAPTURE THE APPEARANCE OF AN OBJECT OR IMPRESSION OF A PLACE.
e. CALLIGRAPHIC LINES – THE ELEGANT HANDWRITTING OR LETTERING DONE BY HAND.
2. SHAPE
- AN AREA THAT IS ENCLOSED BY A LINE OR LINES.
- TWO DIMENSIONAL FIGURES WITH HIEGHT AND WIDTH.
CHARACTERISTICS:
THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF SHAPES ARE:
c. GEOMETRIC SHAPES – circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, and others.

d. ORGANIC SHAPES – shapes that are found in nature and are free flowing, informal and irregular (abstract
shapes)
e. POSITIVE SHAPES – solid forms in a design
f. NEGATIVE SHAPES – space around the positive shape
g. STATIC SHAPES – appears stable and resting
h. DYNAMIC SHAPES – appears moving and active
3. COLOR
- THE WAY WE SEE LIGHT REFLECTED FROM A SURFACE OR REFLECTED THROUGH A PRISM.
- COLORS WE SEE IN NATURE ARE REFLECTION OF LIGHT ON THE SURFACES AROUND US.
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CHARACTERISTICS:
a. PRIMARY COLORS – red, blue, yellow.

b. SECONDARY COLORS – the resulting colors when the two of the primary colors are mix. Purple, green, and
orange.
c. TERTIARY COLORS – resulting colors when the two of the primary and/or secondary colors are mix. Amber,
vermillion, magenta, violet, teal, chartreuse.
d. ANALOGOUS COLORS – colors that lie nest to other based on the color wheel. Yellow, orange, red
e. COMPLEMENTARY COLORS - COLORS THAT ARE OPPOSITE TO EACH OTHER BASED ON THE COLOR WHEEL.
RED, GREEN, BLUE, ORANGE, PURPLE, YELLOW
f. MONOCHOMATIC COLOR – SEVERAL VALUES OF ONE COLOR
g. WARM COLORS – COLORS THAT GIVE THE FEELING WARMTH. YELLOW, AMBER, ORANGE, VERMILLION, RED,
MAGENTA.
h. COOL COLORS – COLORS THAT GIVE THE FEELING OF COOLNESS. PURPLES, VIOLET, BLUE, TEAL, GREEN, AND
CHARTEUSE.
4. SPACE
- REFERS TO DISTANCES OF AREAS AROUND BETWEEN OR WITHIN COMPONENTS OF A PIECE AN REFERS TO
THE ARRANGEMENT OF OBJECTS ON THE PICTURE PLANE (TWO-DIMENSIONAL).
- IN VISUAL ARTS, SPACE MAY EITHER BE POSITIVE SPACE OR NEGATIVE.
- POSITIVE SPACE REFERS TO A PART WHICH IS ENCLOSED IN A SHAPE
- NEGATIVE SPACE REFERS TO THE OPPOSITE PART WHICH THE SHAPE IS ENCLOSING.
- PERSPECTIVE IS A TECHNICAL MEANS BY WHICH WE PERCIEVE DISTANCE IN PAINING, BY WHICH WE ARE
MADE TO SEE THE POSITION OF OBJECTS IN SPACE.
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. ONE-POINT PERSPECTIVE – WE PERCIEVE THAT THE POSITION OF OBJECTS MEETS AT ONE POINT ON THE
HORIZONTAL LINE
b. TWO-POINT PERSPECTIVE - WE PERCIEVE THAT THE POSITION OF OBJECTS MEETS AT TWO POINT ON
THE HORIZONTAL LINE
5. TEXTURE
-APPEALS TO OUR SENSE OF FEEL ON THINGS (ROUGH OR SMOOTH, BUMPY OR SLIPPERY)
THE CHARACTER OF THE SURFACE OF AN ART WORK.
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. REAL TEXTURE – ACTUAL TEXTURE OF AN OBJECT. ARTIST MAY CREATE REAL TEXTURE IN ART TO
GIVE IT VISUAL INTEREST OR EVOKE A FEELING.
b. IMPLIED TEXTURE – MADE A PIECE OF ART TO LOOK LIKE A CERTAIN TECTURE. LIKE A DRAWING OF A
TREE TRUNK MAKY LOOK ROUGH BUT IN FACT IT IS JUST A SMOOTH PIECE OF PAPER.
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6. VALUE
- PERTAINS TO THE LIGHTNESS OR DARKNESS OF A COLOR IN A GIVEN ARTWORK.
- CAN BE CHANGED BY ADDING WHITE OR BLACK TO A COLOR AND THESE DESCRIBED AS TINT AND SHADE.
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. TINT – PERTAINS TO THE LIGHTNESS F A COOLOR

b. SHADE – PERTAINS TO THE DARKNESS OF A COLOR
7. FORM
- THREE DIMENTIONALITY OF AN OBJECT.
- IT HAS DIMENSIONS OF HEIGHT, WIDTH, AND LENGTH.
 ACCORDING TO MADER (2019), THE ELEMENTS OF ART ARE THE VISUAL TOOLS THAT THE ARTIST USES TO
CREATE A COMPOSITION.
PRINCIPLES OF ART REPRESENT HOW THE ARTIST USES ELEMENTS OF ART TO CREATE AN EFFECT AND
CONVEY THE ARTIST’ INTENT.
PRINCIPLES OF ART:
1. RHYTHM
- THIS REFERS TO THE REPETITION OF CERTAIN ELEMENTS TO PRODUCE A PATTERN
2. MOVEMENT
- THE ILLUSION OF MOTION IN PAINTING, SCULPTURE, OR DESIGN.
3. BALANCE
- REFERS TO THE VISUAL WEIGHT IN A PICTURE.
- IT REFERS TO THE EVEN DISTRIBUTION OF POSITIONS OF ELEMENTS IN AN ARTWORK.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF BALANCE:

a. SYMMETRICAL BALANCE – REFERS TO AN ARTWORK WHEREIN ITS BOTH SIDES HAS THE SAME ELEMENTS IN
THE SAME POSITION.
b. ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE – REFERS TO AN ARTWORK WHEREIN IT IS BALANCE THROUGH THE CONTRAST OR
DIFFERENCES OF ANY OF THE ELEMENTS OF ART.
4. PROPORTION
- REFERS TO THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE SIZE OF OBJECTS IN A BODY OF WORK
5. CONTRAST
- SHOWS THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF ART IN AN ARTWORK.
- IT SHOWS HOW STRONGER EACH ELEMENTS OF ART IN RELATION TO ONE ANOTHER.
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6. VARIETY
- REFERS TO THE DIVERSITY OR THE DIFFFERENT ELEMENTS USED IN AN ARTWORK TO MAKE IT MORE
INTERESTING
7. EMPHAQSIS
- REFERS TO THE GREATER IMPACT OR HIGHLIGHT GIVEN TO A CERTAIN ELEMENT IN AN ARTWORK.
8. HARMONY
- REFERS TO THE UNITY OF AN ARTWORK
- ABOUT THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE RELATED ELEMENTS THAT MAKES AN ARTWORK TO BE VIEWD AS A
WHOLE.
 THESE ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS ARE VERY IMPORTANT IN UNDERSTANDING AND APPRECIATING
ARTS.
 IT HELPS AN ARTIST TO MAKE AN ARTISTIC ARTWORK WHICH CONVEYS THEIR ESSENTIAL IDEAS OR THEIR
INTENT.
 THROUGH THE ELEMENTS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ART PRESENT IN AN ARTWORK, VIEWERS WILL BE ABLE
TO UNDERSTAND, APPRECIATE, NAND EVALUATE AN ARTWORK.
 HENCE WE WILL APPLY ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OR AFT IN EBVALUATING ARTWROKS.
EVALUATION OF ARTWORKS BASED ON ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART

REVIEWER
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MODULE 6: GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7355 KNOWN AS MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN ACT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1992 TO GIVE
RECOGNITION TO TRADITIONAL ART UNIQUELY FILIPINO WHO PRESERVES AND PROMOTES ITS TRADITIONAL
FOLK ARTS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE NATIONAL HERITAGE.
 NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS (NCCA) IS THE HIGHEST POLICY AND COORDINATING
BODY FOR CULTURE AND ARTS OF THE STATE.
 THE PHILIPPINES THROUGH THE EFFORT OF NCCA INTRODUCED THE SIXTEEN GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG
BAYAN (GAMABA) AWARDEES NAMELY:
GINAW BILOG 1993 SURAT MANGYAN AND

AMBAHAN POETRY
MASINO INTARAY 1993 EPIC CHANTER AND STORY
TELLER
SUMAON SULAIMAN 1993 PLAYING KUDYAPI
UWANG AHADAS 1998 PLAYING YAKAN INSTRUMENTS
FEDERICO CABALLERO 2000 CHANTING THE SUGIDANON EPIC
OF THE PANAY BUKIDNON
ALONZO SACLAG 2000 PLAYING KALINGA MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS
HAJJA AMINA APPI 2004 MAT WEAVING
EDUARDO MUTUC 2004 METAL PLATING
DARHATA SAWABI 2004 PIS SYABIT WEAVING
MAGDALENA GAMAYO 2012 ABEL WEAVING
TEOFILO GARCIA 2012 KATTUKONG OR TABUNGAW HAT
MAKING
AMBALANG AUSULIN 2016 YAKAN WEAKING
ESTELITA BANTILAN 2016 B’LAAN MAT WEAVING
YABING MASALON DULO 2016 B’LAAN IKAT OR TIE-DYE FABRIC
WEAVING
SALINTA MONON 1998 INABAL WEAVING
LANG DULAY 1998 T’NALAK WEAVING
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REVIEWER
MODULE 7: LIVING WITH THE ARTISTS
 GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN (GAMABA) OR THE NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES AWARDS IS GIVEN BY THE
NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS (NCCA) TO RECOGNIZE FILIPINO ARTISTS WHO HAVE
PRACTICED AND PRESENTED THE CUSTOMS, BELIEFS, RITUALS AND TRADITIONS OF THE INDIGINOUS
COMMUNITY WHERE THEY BELONG.
 THIS RECOGNITION MEANS THAT THESE ARTISTS HAVE CONTRIBUTED SIGNIFICANT ART FORMS THAT ARE
TIMELESS AMIDST OUR FAST-PACED ENVIRONMENT AND MULTIFACETED CULTURE.
 THOUGH CONSIDERED AS TRADITIONAL ARTS BY ORIGIN, THE WORKS OF THE AWARDED ARTISTS ARE ALSO
CONTEMPORARY FOR THEY CONTINUE TO BE OBSERVED AND PRACTICED IN THEIR COMMUNITY.
“ WE MUST RECOGNIZE AND FULFILL OUR DUTY TO STAY TRUE TO WHO WE ARE, REMEMBER WHERE WE CAME
FROM, AND HONOR THE TIMELESSNESS OFOUR CULTURE AND TRADITIONS”.
 PRESIDENT RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE REMARKED IN THE AWARDING OF GAWAD MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
(GAMABA) LAST 2018.
 AS THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE, THE BELIEVES THAT PRESERVING THE CULTURAL HERITAGE IS IMPORTANT TO
ESTABLISH OUR IDENTITY AS A FILIPINO.
 THE PRESERVED CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS ARE IMPORTANT NOTG ONLY FOR THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN THE
INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY BUT ALSO TO THE PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TRADITION IN GENERAL.
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ARTISTS THROUGH THEIR ARTS.
1. UNIQUE IDENTITY
 TRADITIONAL ARTS REFLECT OUR DIVERSE HERITAGE AND CULTURAL TRADITIONS.
 THIS IS EVIDENT IN ALL ARTS CREATED BY THE ARTISTS WHO RECEIVE THE GAMABA AWARD.
 ONE OF THESE ARTS IS WEAVING.
 THOUGH WEAVING HAS LONG BEEN PART OF OUR TRADITIONS, THE USE OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND THE
DIFFERENT TEDIOUS PROCESS MAKE EACH ART UNIQUE.
 HAJA AMINA APPI OF UNGOS MATATA, TAWI-TAWI SHOWS HOW PANDAN CAN BE WEAVED INTO MATS IN
VIBRANT COLORS, BEAUTIFUL GEOMETRIC DESIGNS AND FINE SYMMETRY.
 THESE MATS ARE USUALLY USED BY THEIR PEOPLE FOR PRAYER OR AS A GIFT TO THE NEWLY-WEDS.
 IN LUZON, WEAVING IS PRESERVED THROUGH MAGDALENA GAMAYO WHO USED TRADITIONAL PATTERNS.
 HER WORK IS MARKED BY HER ABILITY TO REPLICATE DESIGNS WITH EXCELLENCE AND CONSISTENCY.
 ANOTHER ARTWORK OF THE SAME KIND IS T’NALAK (A FINE ABACA CLOTH) BY LENG DULAY OF LAKE SEBU,
SOUTH COTABATO.
2. EXEMPLARY SKILLS
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 THE ARTWORK OF EDUARDO MUTUC FROM PAMPANGA SHOWS HOW HIS SKILLS DEVELOPED FROM BEING A
FARMER TO ONE OF THE FURNITURE CARVERS.
 TO EARN AN INCOME, HE REALLY PRACTICED HIS SKILLS AND BECAME ONE OF THE MOST RESPECTED CREATORS
OF RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR ARTS TODAY.
 HE WAS AWARDED IN 2004 FOR HIS DETAILED AND LIFELIKE PIECES OF VARYING SIZES: MIRROS, RETABLOS, AND
CAROSAS MADE WITH WOOD, SILVER, AND BRONZE.
 UWANG AHADAS, ON THE OTHER HAND, SHOWS HIS EXEMPLARY SKILL IN MUSIC.
 AT A YOUNG AGE, HE LEARNED TO PLAY MUSIC WITH HIS SIBLINGS.
 THOUGH KWINTANGAN WAS USUALLY PLAYED BY A WOMAN, HE MASTERED PLAYING IT.
 IT IS MADE OF LOGS USED TO CALL ABUNDANT HARVEST OF GRAINS.
 ANOTHER MUSICIAN WHO HAS SHOWN SUPERB SKILLS IN MUSICIAN SAMAON SULAIMAN WHO WAS A
MASTER OF THE KUTYAPI, A TWO-STRINGED LUTE.
 HE WAS ALSO PROFICIENT IN PLAYING OTHER INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS KULINTANG, AGONG (A SUSPENDED
GOING WITH A WIDE RIM), GANDINGAN (AGONG WITH A NARROW RIM), AND TAMBUL.
3. WAY OF LIFE
 ALONZO SACLAG OF LUBUAGAN, KALINGA MASTERED LOCAL INSTRUMENTS, ALONG WITH DANCE PATTERNS
ASSCOIATED WITH RITUALS.
 THESE PERFORMANCES ARE PERFORMED DURING CELEBRATIONS OR COMMUNIAL AGREEMENT SUCH AS PEACE
PACTS.
 TO PASS THIS TRADITION, SACLAG TOOK A FORMAL EDUCATION REACHING RADIO STATIONS AND CREATING
KALINGA BUDONG DANCE TROUPE.
 HEARING THE TALES AS TOLD BY HIS MOTHER, EPIC CHANTER FEDERICO CABALLERO OF CALINOG, ILOILO
LEARNED SUGUIDANON, A CENTRAL PANAY EPIC.
 THOUGH CENTRAL PANAY IS LOCATED IN THE MOUNTAINS, THE EPIC TELLS ABOUT CHARACTERS AND SETTINGS
THAT REFLECT THAT HIS PEOPLE MIGHT HAVE LIVED ONCE IN SEAHORSES IN THE PANTS.
 ALSO, THEIS EPIC WAS USUALLY CHANTED BY A BINUKOT, A WOMAN OF HIGH STATUS.
 REGARDLESS OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL STATUS, WOMEN WERE NOT GIVEN AUTHORITY.
 INSTEAD, THEY WERE TRAINED FOR EMBROIDERY AND MEMORIZATION OF EPIC.
 CABALLERO IS KNOWN TO KEEP THE LOCAL AND TRADITIONS THROUGH HIS CHANTS (GOWEY, 2016)
4. ENDURING VALUES
 VALUES ARE USUALLY REFLECTED IN LITERARY ARTS SYCH AS POEM.
 THUS, THE MANGYAN SCRIPT IS ONE OF THE FOUR REMAINING SYLLABIC SCRIPTS IN THE COUNTRY WHICH WAS
PRESERVED TRHOUGH GINAW BILOG OF MANSALAY, ORIENTALO MINDORO.
 HE WAS MOST POPULAR IN WRITING AMBAHAN (A METAPHORIC POEM COMPRISING SEVEN SYLLABLE LINES)
O9N TRADITIONALLY USED BAMBOO TUBES.
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 HIS POEM IS ABOUT ADVISING THE YOUNG, BIDDING A FRIEND GOODBYE, AND ASKING FOR A PLACE TO STAY
SHOW HOW FILIPINOS EXPRESS THEIR AFFECTION TO THEIR FAMILY AND FRIENDS.
 VALUES IS NOT ONLY REFLECTED IN THE ART PRODUCT BUT ALSO THE PROCESS IN WHICH IT IS CREATED.
 IN TEXTILE WEAVING, WE CAN SEE THE ARTIST’S DEDICATION TO THEIR WORK AS THEY INTRICATELY PUT
DIFFERENTG ELEMENTS OF ARTS SUCH AS COLORS, HARMONY, AND SHAPE TO CREATE A DISTINCT AND VIBRANT
3 DESIGN.
 SPIRITUALLY IS ALSO EVIDENT AMONG FILIPINO ARTITS AS THEY IUSE SUBJECTS RELATED TO THEIR FAITH SUCH
AS THE TEXTILE DESIGNS BY DARHATA SAWABI OD SULU AND CARVINGS BY EDUARDO MUTUC.
5. VISION
 THE TRADITIONAL ART SHOWS THE ARTISTS’ VISION.
 MORE OVER, IT ALSO INSPIRES US TO MAKE EXISTING ART AS AN INSPIRATION TO ENHANCE HE ART OR CREATE
OUR OWN ARTWORK.
 TEOFILO GARCIA IS A GOURD HATMAKER FROM SAN QUINTIN, ABRA.
 SINCE HE IS A FARMER, HE SEES THE NEEDS OF GOURD CASQUES.
 HE USED THE TABUNGAW (GOURD) PLANT FOR USEFUL PROTECTIVE HATS TO HELP THE FARMERS OVERCOME
HEAT DURING FARMING. BECAUSE THAT HAT WAS MADE OF CREATIVITY AND FINELY.
 HE JOINED TO A FESTIVAL TO SHOW HIS ARTWORK.
 ASLO, SALINTA MONON, A RESPECTED TEXTILE WEAVER FROM DAVAO DEL SURE, ISOLATED HERSELF FROM HER
FAMILY FOR MONTHS TO FINISH HER ART.
 SHE ONCE DREAMT OF ESTABLISHING THE ART THROUGH TEACHING NEW WOULD-BE WEAVERS.
 IN CONCLUSION, THE ARTWORKS OF OUR GAMABA AWARDEES ARE INDEED LIVING TREASURES.
 THEIR ARTS DO NOT ONLY EXPRESS AN IDEA OR FEELINGS BUT THEY ALSO CARRY SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS
THAT ARE IMBIBED THROUGH GENERATIONS, AND INSPIRED THE CONTEMPORARY ARTS THAT WE USED AND
SEE TODAY.

REVIEWER
MODULE 8: PROMOTIONS OF ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
 Art is one of the platforms of Filipino to describe and portray the practices.
 Behavior, ideology, culture, and tradition in their region or in their community.
 It is important to promote and appreciate traditional and contemporary arts from the regions.
 We need to understand the contexts where these artworks come from.
 In order to gain a deeper understanding on how we will promote the traditional and contemporary arts, we
need to learn how the changing environment affect the production process of the artworks of indigenous
peoples or artists.
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 NCCA Chaiman Arsenio "Nick "Lizaso said that people should be proud of and nourish Filipino Arts and culture.
 Philippines is very rich in culture.
 We often heard or see the phrase "Only in the Philippines".
 It is an expression of pride in what we feel in the activities that are uniquely Filipino.
 Arts provides a shared experience for the community.
 Values and beliefs systems are often deep-seated in art forms and parsed down through generations.
 People participate in country's nationhood by means of singing the national anthem or by merely looking the
monument of Rizal in Laneta.
 It is when an individual became aware and proud of their cultural heritage, they became an active instrument in
nation building The Executive Order No. 118 created the Presidential Commission on Culture and the Arts in
1987.
 By means of history, it makes the individual appreciative of the country's struggles and triumphs.
 The traditional and contemporary artists' mode of production continues to be affected with the dynamics of
change in the environment.
 Environment is considered of its utmost importance - this is where resources are gathered and shared, and
where culture is performed.
THE PRODUCTION PROCESS AND THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
1. Tourism Land areas
 are converted into sites for tourist consumption.
 In this situation, ecological domains may become more vulnerable to damage with the combined forces of
natural disasters and tourist mobility.
 tourist mobility might influence the community's observance of tradition and tend to diminish the quality of
native art forms. Removed from their original context, the works are transformed into mass produced souvenirs
in order to meet the demands of the tourist trade.
 Neon colors and designs woven from synthetic fibers have been made available in recent years to create
appropriations of traditional textile designs for commercial purposes.
2. Militarization
 The insecurity and tensions brought about by militarized zones apprehend the people's ability to create art.
 It prevents people from having communal gatherings, where exchanges and passing of knowledge can take
place.
3. Christianization
 The influence of Christianity and the conversion of the natives to a foreign religion have affect the preservation
of then indigenous rituals and traditions.
 In some cases, the community finds a way to harmonize their indigenous ways with traditions of Christianity.
 For example, the Manobo community of Mt. Apo initiated a "culture regeneration movement."
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 As Christian converts, they sought the revival of their traditions by holding clan reunions, employing native
wedding rites, and recalling narratives of their culture through painting.
 These factors that affect the tradition and contemporary art production process of Philippine artists are given an
effort to solve and address by the different institutions that support and promote art.
 It is important to know these institutions, museums, galleries, and organizations in order to know the authorities
of art in the Philippines that we can look to when intending to learn more about our country's rich culture and
art
SUPPORT SYSTEMS OF PHILIPPINE ART
 There are several established authorities, institutions, markers, galleries, and award-giving bodies that supervise
the protection, promotion and nurturing of culture and art and that establish the support systems of arts in the
Philippines.
 These authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award giving bodies make sure that traditions involving art
and culture are kept alive despite of modernization and technological advancements, set the standards for the
different forms of arts, exhibit objects of cultural and artistic interest. financially supported visual artists,
recognizing outstanding art making, and teach and nurture artistic skills and knowledge of Filipino about culture
and art.
 Hence, below are some authorities, institutions. markets, galleries, and award giving bodies in the promotion of
Philippine arts:
1) National Commission for Culture and the Arts
 The National Commission for Culture and the Arts is the overall policy making body.
 coordinating, and grants giving agency for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and
culture; and an executing agency for the policies it formulates (Dumandan, 2019).
2) Cultural Center of the Philippines
 The mission of the Cultural Center of the Philippines is the leading institution for the arts and culture in the
Philippines by promoting autistic excellence and nurturing the broadest public to participate in art making and
appreciation (Dumandan, 2019).
3) National Museum
 The National Museum is an educational, scientific, and cultural institution that acquires, documents, preserves,
exhibits, and fosters scholarly study and public appreciation of works of art, specimens, and cultural and
historical artifacts representative of the unique cultural heritage of the Filipino people and the natural history of
the Philippines (Dumandan, 2019).
4) Metropolitan Museum of the Philippines
 The Metropolitan Museum of Manila is one of the major museums in the Philippines.
 The museum was among the first to develop and extend its audience by embracing the philosophy of art for all,
adopt a bilingual approach in exhibition texts, and implement a vigorous education and community outreach
program.
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lOMoARcPSD|13641245
 The museum seeks to amplify the Filipinos' sense of artistic and cultural heritage from the past and in
contemporary global contexts and experiences (Dumandan. 2019).
5) Ben Cab Museum
 The BenCab Museum houses the permanent collection of Philippine National Artist Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab)
in several galleries, as well as venues for art shows and exhibitions.
 The Bencab Museum is committed to the promotion of arts, and the preservation, conservation and protection
of the environment and culture and traditions of the Cordilleras.
 This commitment of the museum is an expression of the artist's gratitude to the country that nurtured and
inspired an artistic career that continues to grow, mature, and fascinate (Dunandan, 2019).
6) Art Fair Philippines
 Art Fair Philippines is the premier platform for exhibiting and celling the best in modern and contemporary
Philippine visual art.
 The fair aims to mirror the vibrant local art scene and continue to generate support for Filipino art practitioners
(Dumandan, 2019)
7) ManilART
 ManilART is the Philippines' premier international art fair.
 It showcases the best in contemporary visual arts for the development and promotion of Filipino art and culture
locally and internationally.
 ManilART elevates the standards and celebrates the dynamic Philippine art scene through various art
exhibitions connecting world class artists, institutions, and the community.
 It reinforces the awareness of and the appreciation for Philippine visual arts by merging it with other disciplines
through lectures, workshops, demonstrations, and other activities with the support from both local and foreign
exhibitors (Dumandan, 2019).
8) Finale Art File
 Finale Art File is considered as a premier gallery institution in the Philippines.
 It showcased hundreds of exhibits by some of the most talented names in contemporary visual arts.
 It has successfully balanced the demands of a commercial establishment and an artistic venue.
 This gallery occasionally features experimental works that push artistic boundaries and challenge audience
expectation (Dumandan, 2019).
9) Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary Art Gallery
 The Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary Art Gallery is a unique cultural expression of Davao's visual
artists.
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lOMoARcPSD|13641245
 The gallery showcases various works by Mindanao's famed artist Kublai Porce-Millan, as well as different artists
from the city (Dumandan, 2019).
10) Thirteen Artists Awards
 The Thirteen Artists Awards mark the turnings in and of Philippine contemporary art, to update its modernizing
potential and to assess how artists today engage with other forces in the art world (Dumandan, 2019).
 These authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award-giving bodies are not the only ones who may
promote arts of the Philippines.
 As a Filipino and a student, we can also promote Philippine arts in our own little ways. We may visit art exhibits
and seminars about the artistic treasures of the Philippines.
 We may share the artworks of Philippine artists through our social media.
 Also, appreciating Philippines arts in its original context and using it in defining and describing Filipino identity
are also ways to promote arts existed in our country.
 There are different ways to promote or support Philippine traditional and cultural arts and these ways root in
our nationalistic and patriotic ideology.
 Hence, as a student in this contemporary time, it is a great act to contribute in holding a responsibility of
promoting Philippine arts.
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CPAR G Rade 12 1st Quarter Mod. 1 8 - SUMMARY

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CPAR 12 Reviewer 1ST Quarter

Contemporary World (Western Philippines University)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

 Philippine has diverse art forms from its different regions.

 The development of Philippine arts comes in the THREE MAJOR TRADITIONS.

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VARIOUS ART FORMS FROM THE REGIONS:

SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION

- Art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization.

VARIOUS ART FORMS FROM THE REGIONS:

 Langit, Lupa, at Impyerno by Josef Luciano Dans (painting)

 St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral

AMERICAN COLONIAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTS TRADITIONS

- Refers to the practice of art from 1860s to 1960s.

- Refers to the practice of art from 1970s to the present.

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VARIOUS ART FORMS FROM THE REGIONS:

 The Making of the Philippine Flag by Fernando Amorsolo

 Bayanihan by Carlos “Botong” Francisco (painting)

 Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Paoay by Leeroy New

 POSITIVE SPACE REFERS TO A PART WHICH IS ENCLOSED IN A SHAPE

 IN VISUAL ARTS, A LINE IS A SERIES OF CONNECTED POINTS.

 IT MAY COME IN 2 CHARACTERISTICS:

FORM (CURVED, DOTTED, OR BROKEN LINES)

DIRECTION (VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL, DIAGONAL LINES)

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 DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINES MAY CONVEY DIFFERENT MEANINGS:

a. HORIZONTAL LINES – CREATES AN IMPRESSION OF (CALMNESS) SERENITY AND PERFECT STABILITY.

 AREA THAT IS ENCLOSED BY A LINE OR LINES.

 TWO DIMENSIONAL FIGURES (HIEGHT AND WIDTH)

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHAPES:

a. GEOMETRIC SHAPES – circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, and others.

 THREE DIMENTIONALITY OF AN OBJECT.

 IT PERTAINS TO THE SURFACE OF AN ART PIECE.

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 REFERS TO THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SIZE OF ELEMENTS IN A BODY OF ART.

 IN ARTS, MOVEMENT IS THE ILLUSION OF MOTION IN A PAINTING, SCULPTURE DESIGN, OR IN A PIECE OF AN

 REFERS TO THE REPETITION OF CERTAIN ELEMENTS TO PRODUCE A PATTERN.

 REFERS TO THE EVEN AND EQUAL DISTRIVUTION OF ELEMENTS.

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CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

 THESE ARTWORKS ARE COLLECTIVE KNOWN AS CONTEMPORARY ART.

 MODERN ART DIFFERS FROM CONTEMPORARY ART HISTORICALLY AND CONTEXTUALLY.

 INFLUENCED BY ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AD ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT WHERE THE ARTIST IS

 THE ARTIST’S EXPRESSION OF HIS PERCEPTION AND CO0MPREHENSION OF THOSE CONTEXTS.

 DIVERSE AS OUR PEOPLE.

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EXAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS

VISUAL ARTS PERFORMANCE ARTS APPLIED ARTS LITERARY ARTS

 EXPRESSIONS OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART ARE INFLUENCED BY SOCIAL, HISTORICAL, GEOGRAPHICAL,

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ELEMENTS OF CONTEMPORARY ART

 CARRIED OUT FOR VIEWERS TO EXPERIENCE.

 RELATES TO THE MODIFICATIONS MADE BY THE ARTIST.

 ITS APPLICATION HIGHLIGHTS THE CREATIVITY OF THE ARTIST.

 INTRICATE USE OF SPACE.

CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS FROM THE PHILIPPINE REGIONS

 ALL FORMS OF ART CAN BE FOUND THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY.

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THE DISTICT FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART INCLUDE: (C.H.I.M.I.C)