STRUCTURE

1. The tongue can move and play a vital role in chewing, …, and speaking.
a. to b. swallowing c. for d. of

2. Instead of being housed in one central bank, the Federal Reserve System is to…..
into twelve districts.
a. dividing b. divided c. division d. divides

3. Those species are cultivated for their…….follage.

a. beautifully b. beau c. beauty d. beautiful

4. Kiwi birds mainly eat insects, worms, and snails and……. for their food by probing
the ground with their long bills.
a. searching b. searches c. searched d. search

5. He founded that city in 1685, and…..quickly grew to be the largest city in

colonial America.
a. he b. it c. it d. we

6. Fewer people reside in Newfoundland than in……Canadian province except

Prince Edward Island.
a. other b. one another c. any other d. others

7. Dr. Bethune, the founder of Bethune-Cookman College, served as…….to both

Franklin Rosevelt and Harry Truman.
a. advise b. advised c. an advisor d. advising

8. Some plants produse...............poisons that can affect a person even if he or she merely
brushes against them.
a. irritating b. irritated c. irritability d. irritation

9. Accute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before
people….
a. hearing them b. do c. do them c. hear

10. The rotation of the Earth on its axis is........the alternation of periods of light and
darkness.
a. responsible in b. responsible for
c. responsible with d. responsible to

11. Doctors are not sure……fever

a. exactly how disease causes c. how disease causes exactly
b. diseases exactly causes how d. how exactly causes disease

12.Burmese breed of cat was developed in the US during the 1930’s.

a. The b. When the c. While the d. Since the

13. Along the rocky shores of New England….......and tidal marsh.

a. are where stretches of sandy beach b. stretches of sandy are there
c. are stretches of sandy beach d. stretches of sandy beach are
14. lina was nominated for an award as both a screenwriter.........an actress in 2009.
a. also b. in addition c. and d. but

15. An erupting volcano sometimes affects……of the surrounding region and can even
cause lakes to disappear.
a. feature b. the featured c. featuring d. the feature

16. most tree frogs change color to harmonize…………

a. to their background c. on their background
b. with their background d. in background of them

17. due to the refraction of light rays,…. is impossible for the naked eye to determine
the exact location of a star close to the horizon.
a. it b. this c. that d. there

18. Modern poets have experimented with poetic devices.................and assonance.

a. as such alliteration c. such alliteration as
b. such as alliteration d. alliteration such as

19. Birds’ eggs vary greatly…….size, shape, and color.

a. with b. of c. at d. in

20. Fredrick dedicated…........of slavery and the fight for civil rights.
a. his life to work the abolishment c. his life to work to abolish
b. his life to working for the abolishment d. his life to working in abolish

21. Mount Edith Cavell, a peak in the Canadian Rockies, is named……

a. a famous after nurses c. nurses after a famous
b. after a famous nurse d. after famous nurses

22. Xanthines have both good and bad effects on the body, and these effects…..the size
and regularity of dosage.
a. are generally determined by c. are generally determined in
b. are generally determined on d. are generally determined with

23. When a severe ankle injury forced….to give up reporting in 1926, M. Mitchell
began writing her novel Gone with the wind.
a. herself b. her c. hers d. she

24. One of the most difficult questions in defining sleep is “what……the functions of sleep?”
a. is b. has c. have d. are

25. The museum houses…..of various objects documenting the vibrancy of the cultures.
a. Five thousands pieces c. five thousand pieces
b. pieces five thousands d. thousands five pieces

26.in the same direction as their orbital motions, while Venus and Uranus rotate
oppositely.
a. seven of planets rotate b. seven planets rotate
c. seven rotate of planets d. seven rotate planets
27. in the US….. to the national legislature comprising the house of Representatives
and the Senate.
a. voters elect representatives c. elect representatives voters
b. representatives elect voters d. voters election representative

28. it is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in
their lives,……the main focus of social psychology.
a. which are b. that are c. which is d. that is

29. Today…..fewer than one hundred varieties cultivated flowers.

a. are b. have c. there are d. have there

30.some of the famous detectives in literature are based on deductive reasoning.

a. methods use by c. the methodology used
b. they used methods d. using the methods of

31. the short story most naturally flourishes in an age…..with simplicity and directness.
a. what it expresses c. which expressing
b. that expresses itself d. it is expressed

32. Naval cartographers’ knowledge of surface ocean currents is much more complete
…….subsurface currents.
a. than b. than in c. than those of d. than that of

33. Unless exposed to light….plant cells do not produce chlorophyll.

a. most of b. the most of c. the most d. most

34. Temperature levels in an oven are varied according to the kinds of…
a. are foods baked c. are baked foods
b. foods to be baked d. foods are baking

35. the three most common states of matter are….

a. solidity, liquid, and gas c. solidity, liquidate, and gas
b. solid, liquefy, and gas d. solid, liquid, and gas

36. the snowy egret is about the size…..crow

a. large b. of a large
c. of large d. a large

37. it has been found that chronic loud noise may lead to….hearing loss
a. temporary or permanently c. temporarily or permanently
b. temporarily or permanent d. temporary or permanent
38. with modern machinery, textile mills can manufacture as much fabric in a
few seconds as…..weeks o produce by hands
a. workers once took it c. it took once workers
b. took workers it once d. it once took workers

39. Norman Mailers first….with his war novel The Naked and The Dead, published
in 1948.
a. Successfully achieved c. successful achievement
b. achieved success d. achievement of success

40. Through the years, the job of governing cities has become …..complex.
a. so much increasingly c. increasingly
b. increasingly whole d. what is increasingly

STRUCTURE 1

1. A dominant animal is best defined as one …. Actions are not constrained by possible
responses of its fellows.
a) With c) Whose
b) That is d) Where its

2. In general, …. Have a professional obligation to protect confidential sources of

information.
a. Which journalists c. Journalists
b. Journalists, they d. Journalists that

3. Cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile strength, appreance,…

a. Is hard c. Has hardness
b. Although hard d. And hardness

4. …. Explores the nature of guilt and responsibility and builds to a remarkable

conclusion.
a. The written beautifully novel c. The novel beautifully written
b. The beautifully written novel d. The written novel beautifully

5. He is a man …. To have the vision of an eagle and courage of a lion.

a. Who appears b. He appears c. Who appear d. He appear

6. …. Getting the highest result in the class, john still had problems with his teacher.
a. Despite of c. Even though
b. In spite of d. Nonetheless

7. This new service will be available to all users …. Up for paid membership.
a. That signed c. Which signed
b. That signed it d. Sign

8. I think Jane deserved to be fired for her

….
c. Irresponsible totally behavior
a. Totally behavior irresponsible
d. Totally irresponsible behavior
b. Behavior totally irresponsible

9. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before
people ….
a. Hear c. Do
b. Hearing them d. Do the

10. Of all economically important phants, palms have been …

a. The least studied c. Study the least
b. Study less and less d. To study the less

11. With the passing of the time and the emoarchement of people, the habitat of garillas
… to decrease
a. Containing b. Continius c. Which continue d. Continue

12. …. Social meeting birds that build their nests in tress and on clifis.
a. Most stocks are c. The most stocks
b. Stocks most d. Most are stocks

13 ….. was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for this work on the phoneletric effect.
a. That enstein c. Enstein who
b. It was enstein d. Enstein

14. Emma Thompson was nominated for an Academy Award as both a Screenwriher…an
actress in 1996.
a) Also b) Or c) In addition d) And

15. Because of its warm tropical climate, howards…. Subzero temperature.

a) Almost experience never c) Experiences almost never
b) Expreriance never almost d) Almost never expreriance
16. from the inception of his long and distingshed carrer, frank lieyd wright was
concerned with how … architecture with topography.
a) Integrating c) Did the integrate
b) To integrate d) Integrated

17. Egyptian pyramids were regurally robbed despire their intricate pessegeways,
byzantine mazes, and …
a) Walls which were false c) False walls
b) They had false walls d) Walls of falsity

18. The Duncan sofa, …. Is highly valued in todays antique furniture market.
a) A colonial masterpiece c) It is a colonial masterpiece that
b) A colonial masterpiece which d) Whose colonial masterpiece

19.Maine’s coastline is a major attraction and vista of sandy beaches contrasted…

rockbound shoreline.
a) To the rugged c) On the rugged
b) By the rugged d) At the rugged

20. At the seventh international ballet competions, Fernando Bujones won the first, gold
modal ever … to a Unites States make dancer
a) That award c) To be awarded
b) Should be awarding d) To award

21. the best-known diffuse nebuls is the great Orion Nebuls …. Can be seen by the
narked eye.
a) It b) Which c) One d) Who

22. Over time the young students will perfect the art of piano playing. After all, such ….
Needs delicate handling .
a) A tuned instrument finely c) An instrument tuned finely
b) A finely instrument tuned d) A finely tuned instrument

23. Before Johnson and smith reached great heights in the business world, … encountered
many great difficults in promoting their theories and methods.
a) They b) Who c) Which d) He
 2. STRUCTURE
1. The musical comedy Oklahoma! did much to expand the potential of the musical
stage, and it encouraged others to attempt......
(a) original themes (c) that were original
(b) to original themes themes (d)how original
themes

2. Despite its fishlike form, the whale is.....and will drown if submerged too long.
(a) an animal breathes air that (c) an animal breathes air
(b) an animal that breathes air (d)that an animal breathes
air

3. The saguaro, found in desert regions in the southwestern United States ,.....cactus in the
world.
(a)is the (c) that is the largest
largest (b)the (d) the largest that is a
largest

4. It is said that United States literature.....individuality and identity in the twentieth

century, after long imitation of European models.
(a)was achieved (b)achieved (c)to achieve (d)achieving

5. Lucy Stone ,......first feminists in the United States , helped organize the American
Woman Suffrage Association in 1869.
(a)the one (b)who was the (c)another (d)one of the

6. , including climate, mineral content, and the permanency of surface water, wetlands
may be mossy, grassy, scrubby, or wooded.
(a) Depending on many factors (c) Factors depending on many
(b) Many factors depending on (d)On many factors
depending

(7) Duke Ellington's orchestra ,.....his own often complex compositions, made many
innovations in jazz.
(a) he played (b)playing (c)that it played (d)was playing

(8) The term "ice age" refers to any of several periods of time when glaciers
covered considerably more of Earth's surface......
(a) as is today (c) than they do today
(b)than today (d) that today
is

(9) From colonial times, United States property owners agreed to tax themselves on
the theorydirectly from services that the government could provide.
(a) property owners benefited so that (b)why property owners benefited
 (c)that if property owners benefited (d)that property owners benefited

(10) Helium is not flammable and, next to hydrogen, is......

(a)known the lightest gas (c) the lightest gas known
(b)lightest the known gas (d) the known gas lightest

(11) Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed.....from 20 to 30 years.

(a)live (b)to live (c)they live (d)their living

(12) Portland,......, is located primarily on two hilly peninsulas overlooking Casco Bay
and its many island.
(a)which Maine's largest city (c) is Maine's largest city
(b)Maine's largest city where (d) Maine's largest city

13. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by
the glass industry.
(a)Despite (b)Whether (c)Though (d)Except for

14. Cells, first identified by the early microscopists, began to be considered.....in the
nineteenth century.
(a)them as microcosm of living organisms
(b)the microcosm of living organisms
(c)the micZrocosm of living organisms to be
(d)as which, the microcosm of living organisms

15. Like Jupiter, Saturn is a large, gaseous planet composed.....of hydrogen and helium.
(a)it is mostly (b)mostly (c)almost (d)both are almost
 STRUCTURE

1 . Hanya Holm is a dancer, choreographer and .

(A) dance that she teaches (C) to teach dancing
(B) her teaching of dance (D) dance teacher

2. During an eclipse of the Sun, in the shadow of the Moon.

(A) the Earth lies (C) that the Earth lies
(B) the Earth when lying (D) the lying Earth

3. Under the influence of Ezra Pound, Hilda Doolittle became associated with
the Imagists, and into one of the most original poets of the group.
(A) developed (C) who developed
(B) to be developing (D) developing it

4. all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground; some of it is lost through
evaporation.
(A) Nowhere (C) No
(B) Not (D) None

5. In an area first explored by Samuel de Champlain, .

(A) establishment of the city of Halifax in 1749
(B) in 1749 the city of Halifax established
(C) in 1749, establishing the city of Halifax
(D) the city of Halifax was established in 1749

6. A nation's merchant marine is made up of its commercial ships and the people
them.
(A) they operate (C) they operate of
(B) who operate (D) do they operate

7. Nat Turner who led a revolt against slavery in Virginia in 1831.

(A) Where was (C) He was
(B) It was (D) That he was

8. The most elaborate of all bird nests , domed communal structure built by
social weaverbirds.
(A) larger (C) the large
(B) largely is (D) is the large

9. William Walker's mural, "Wall of Respect," an outdoor wall in Chicago, deals

with social issues.
(A) covers (C) which covers
(B) covers it (D) which it covers
10. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate yield when unusual weight is
placed on them.
(A) although its crust and mantle (C) that its crust and mantle
(B) its crust and mantle to (D) for its crust and mantle to
11. The columbine flower, to nearly all of the United States, can be raised from
seed in almost any garden.
(A) native (C) how native is it
(B) how native is (D) is native

12. The photoperiodic response of algae actually depends on the duration of darkness,
.
(A) the light is not on (C) but is not on the light
(B) and not on light (D) is not on light

13. , the first Black denomination in the United States.

(A) Richard Alien founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church
(B) Richard Alien, who founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church
(C) The African Methodist Episcopal Church founded by Richard Alien
(D) The foundation of the African Methodist Episcopal Church by Richard Alien

14. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than .

(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming

15. The wallflower because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony
cliffs for support.
(A) so called is (C) is so called
(B) so is called (D) called is so
 STRUCTURE

1. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, the United States developed the reusable space shuttle
to space cheaper and easier.
A. to make access C. which made accessible
B and making access D. and made accessible.

2. Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to humans .

A. are than any other animal C. any other animal is
B. than is any other animal D. and any other animal is

3. more than 65,000 described species of protozoa, of which more than half
are fossils.
A. Being that there are C. Are there
B. There being D. There are

4. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 nearly unanimously through the United States
Congress.
A. passed B. in passage C. having passed D. passing

5. Modern skyscrapers have a steel skeleton of beams and columns a three-dimensional

grid.
A. forms C. and forming
B. from which forming D. that forms

6. The average level of United States prices grew very little from 1953 until the mid-1960’s
when .
A. did inflation begin C. the beginning of inflation
B. inflation began D. did the beginning of inflation

7. The basis premise behind all agricultural production is available the riches of the soil
for human consumption.
A. to be made B. the making C. making is D. to make

8. to the united states House of Representatives in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained

in office until 1815.
A. Election C. Elected
B. Why he was elected D. Who was elected

9. of classical ballet in the united states began around 1830.

A. To teach B. Is teaching C. It was taught D. The teaching

10. The universe is estimated between 10 billion and 20 billion years old.
A. being B. to be C. which is D. is.
11. A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a is known as a
monopoly.
A. single of a product seller C. seller of a product single
B. product single of a seller D. single seller of a product

12. freshwater species of fish build nests of sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand..
A. As the many C. Many
B. Of the many D. Many of them are

13. Newspaper publishers in the united states have estimated reads a newspaper
every day.
A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
B. it is nearly 80 percent of the adult population
C. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
D. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population

14. The foundation of all other branches of mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of

calculating with numbers.
A. is the B. the C. which the D. because the

15. Nylon was the human-made fibers.

A. the first of which C. it the first of
B. what the first of D. the first of
 STRUCTURE 3

1. Neither Professor Johnson nor any other faculty member to apply for the
dean’s position.
A. intend C. are intending
B. intends D. has intend
2. E. Coli has proven to be most dangerous bacteria that can be acquired from
food and water, even in developed countries.
A. one of the C. one
B. one of D. of one
3. The death toll would much higher if immediate action had not been taken.
A. probably being C. probably been
B. probably be D. be probable
4. A fire in the building could be a problem for firefighters.
A. ninety-story-tall C. ninety-stories-tall
B. ninety-tall-story D. ninety stories
5. Their office consisted of three rooms, was used as a conference room.
A. larger of which C. the largest of them
B. the largest of which D. largest
6. In the past six months, the company has already received twice in gross
revenues as it earned in the entire preceding year.
A. as much C. as many
B. more D. as more
7. better, the team would have been able to defeat the opponent.
A. If it prepares C. Preparing
B. If prepares D. Had it prepared
8. Nobody knows why postponed until next week.
A. the meeting C. did the meeting
B. was the meeting D. the meeting was
9. The curriculum at the public school is as good of any private school.
A. or better than C. as or better than that
B. as or better that D. as or better than those
10. Being a private university, a well-organized charitable giving program in
order to offer a sufficient number of quality courses and activities.
A. development of C. develop
B. it developed D. developing
11. Internet companies rely heavily on income from on-line purchases, but .
A. traditional companies as well C. also traditional companies
B. traditional companies too D. so do traditional companies

12. The company had difficulty distributing so that they could meet production
quotas.
A. sufficiently number of parts in a timely manner to its manufacturers
B. a sufficient number of parts to its manufacturers in a timely manner
C. to its manufacturers in a timely manner a sufficient number of parts
D. in a timely manner to its manufacturers a sufficient number of parts
13. The company sustained an angry reaction from its employees after announcing how
to reduce operating costs.
A. it planned C. did it plan
B. planned D. was planned
14. The gymnasium facilities of this public school are those of the finest private
school in the county.
A. second after C. first except for
B. second only to D. second place from
15. The more the horse tried to free itself from the restraint, .
A. the tighter it became C. the horse could not escape
B. it became tighter D. it was unable to move
16. , that runner is likely to be the first one chosen.
A. Due to her agility and speed C. Because agile and rapid
B. Because of she is agile and fast D. Because her agility and speed
17. It was not until the students were seated the proctor realized he had the
wrong test booklets.
A. that C. as soon as
B. when D. and
18. As a result of the additional rain with so much flooding already having
occurred, residents were seeking shelter than in previous years.
A. in more numbers C. greater in numbers
B. more numerously D. in greater numbers
19. The company president wrote an e-mail and planned to send as soon as the
vote was complete.
A. to all directors the message C. message to all directors
B. the message by all directors D. the message to all directors
20. As the result of Diane’s illness and the effects of the medication, to curtail
her work and public speaking activities.
A. has C. she has had
B. had D. she will had
21. did Arthur realize that there was danger.
A. Upon entering the store C. After he had entered the store
B. When he entered the store D. Only after entering the store
22. Hardly the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.
A. he had entered C. entered
B. had entered D. had he entered
23. Once the employees had begun receiving financial information on the company,
income.
A. they diligently assisted in reducing costs and increasing
B. it made the employees more eager to assist in reduce costs and increase
C. diligently they assist to reduce costs and increase
D. with extreme diligence helped lower costs and increase
24. The plumber attempted to loosen the nut with regular pliers but then decided he needed
to retrieve his toolbox in order to use .
A. another pliers C. the others ones
B. others pliers D. another pair
25. The committee has met and .
A. have approve the budget
B. budget was approved
C. its approval of the budget
D. approved the budget
Structure

1. Neither Professor Johnson nor any other faculty member to apply for the dean’s
position.
A. intend B. intends C. are intending D. has intend

2. E. Coli has proven to be most dangerous bacteria that can be acquired from food
and water, even in developed countries.
A. one of the B. one of C. one D. of one

3. The death toll would much higher if immediate action had not been taken.
A. probably being B. probably be C. probably been D. be probable

4. A fire in the building could be a problem for firefighters.

A. ninety-story-tall C. ninety-stories-tall
B. ninety-tall-story D. ninety stories

5. Their office consisted of three rooms, was used as a conference room.

A. larger of which C. the largest of them
B. the largest of which D. largest

6. In the past six months, the company has already received twice in gross revenues
as it earned in the entire preceding year.
A. as much B. more C. as many D. as more

7. better, the team would have been able to defeat the opponent.
A. If it prepares C. Preparing D. Had it
B. If prepares prepared

8. Nobody knows why postponed until next week.

A. the meeting C. did the meeting
B. was the meeting D. the meeting was

9. The curriculum at the public school is as good of any private school.

A. or better than C. as or better than that
B. as or better that D. as or better than those

10. Being a private university, a well-organized charitable giving program in order

to offer a sufficient number of quality courses and activities.
A. development of B. it developed C. develop D. developing

11. The greater the number of bacteria attacking the system, .

A. the sooner treatment must be begun C. begin treatment as soon as possible
B. sooner must begin treatment D. must begin treatment sooner

12. A congressional committee has been appointed to study a new procedure to

eliminate some costly expenditures.
A. that is expected C. which expects
B. what is expected D. that expected

13. Some people send job applications even when they are reasonably happy in their jobs,
improving their position.
A. with hoping to B. hoping that C. with hopes of D. hoping to

14. Swimming is a beneficial exercise, aerobic activity and uses a number of muscle
groups.
A. not only because it provides C. for provision
B. because it both provides D. as result of providing

15. The professor instructed the students the essay without preparing an outline
first.
A. to not write B. not to write C. do not write D. to no write

16. It is not clear when , although there are many different theories.
A. dinosaurs becoming extinct C. dinosaurs became extinct
B. dinosaurs extinction D. did dinosaurs become extinct

17. If the driver’s own car damaged, the favorite probably would have won the race.
A. had not been B. not C. no had been D. has no be

18. The soldiers were unable to determine where .

A. the jeep had been left C. had the jeep been left
B. had been leave the jeep D. had the jeep left

19. The manager was angry because somebody .

A. had allowed the photographers to enter the building
B. had let the photographers to enter the building
C. permitting the photographers enter the building
D. the photographers let into the building

20. The committee members resented of the meeting.

A. the president that he did not tell them
B. the president not to inform them
C. the president’s not informing them
D. that the president had failed informing themselves

21. did Arthur realize that there was danger.

A. Upon entering the store C. After he had entered the store
B. When he entered the store D. Only after entering the store

22. The company sustained an angry reaction from its employees after announcing how
to reduce operating costs.
A. it planned B. planned C. did it plan D. was planned

23. The gymnasium facilities of this public school are those of the finest private
school in the county.
A. second after B. second only to C. first except for D. second place from

24. The more the horse tried to free itself from the restraint, .
A. the tighter it became B. it became tighter
C. the horse could not escape D. it was unable to move

25. , that runner is likely to be the first one chosen.

A. Due to her agility and speed B. Because of she is agile and fast
C. Because agile and rapid D. Because her agility and speed

26. It was not until the students were seated the proctor realized he
had the wrong test booklets.
A. that B. when C. as soon as D. and

27. As a result of the additional rain with so much flooding already having
occurred, residents were seeking shelter than in previous years.
A. in more numbers B. more numerously C. greater in numbers D. in greater numbers

28. The company president wrote an e-mail and planned to send as soon as the vote
was complete.
A. to all directors the message B. the message by all directors
C. message to all directors D. the message to all directors

29. As the result of Diane’s illness and the effects of the medication, to curtail her
work and public speaking activities.
A. has B. had C. she has had D. she will had

30. did Arthur realize that there was danger.

A. Upon entering the store B. When he entered the store
C. After he had entered the store D. Only after entering the store

31. Hardly the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.
A. he had entered B. had entered C. entered D. had he entered

32. Once the employees had begun receiving financial information on the company,
income.
A. they diligently assisted in reducing costs and increasing
B. it made the employees more eager to assist in reduce costs and increase
C. diligently they assist to reduce costs and increase
D. with extreme diligence helped lower costs and increase

33. The plumber attempted to loosen the nut with regular pliers but then decided he needed
to retrieve his toolbox in order to use .
A. another pliers B. others pliers C. the others ones D. another pair

34. The committee has met and .

A. have approve the budget B. budget was approved
C. its approval of the budget D. approved the budget