THE PERFECT 401

PART – 1

Authors
Vijayraj Singh
Jaivardhan Singh

PART 2 (Coming Soon) – ADVANCED MARINE

ENGINEERING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
PREFACE
First of all, we are glad to say that we have sold out the LIMITED
EDITION of our second E-book 'The Perfect 350'. Thank you for all the
appreciation from the readers of this book and all those who
encourage us to do more of this.
So, Thank You and Congratulations to those who are reading this
book right now as this book holds a special value in itself.
This is our third edition E-book and the PART-ONE of its own kind in
the entire country. In today’s time where there are so many cadets
trying to get a job in merchant navy, this e-book helps the cadets to
get an edge over the others by answering the basic interview
questions in a short, simple and a very impactful manner. This book
consists of 401 basic questions and answers which are chosen after a
lot of research and reading this book will definitely help you during
your interviews no matter in which stream you are (B. Tech Marine
Engineering, DNS, B.Sc. Nautical Science, GME, etc). The questions in
this book have been divided according to different sections which
help the cadets to reach out to the questions of a particular type
very easily. After reading this complete book the cadet will able to
face the interview with all the confidence.
This E-Book contains a perfect blend of 401 questions which will help
you in your interviews.
We admire your enthusiasm for Merchant Navy and we hope you
crack your interview.
Bon Voyage for the next phase of your life

Price: RS 300
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Jaivardhan Singh Ranawat and Vijayraj Singh have done Marine
Engineering from one of the reputed Institute of country and always
wanted to write a book which can help the cadets who are currently
pursuing their studies in Merchant Navy. After talking to a lot of
cadets all across the country, the authors realized that cadets are
facing problems during their interviews whenever basic questions are
asked which are mostly related to 11th and 12th class. This was the
time when the authors decided to write such a book which can solve
this problem of cadets to a large extent. And the authors are satisfied
so far that the book is serving its purpose very well and cadets are
appreciating the efforts.
THE MARINE WHALES is a start-up-based company which
provides technical study material to aspiring Marine Engineering
cadets and also authors are always interested to guide aspiring
candidates those who want to make Merchant Navy as their
profession. Apart From this, authors are having their YouTube
channel which basically comprises of information related to Merchant
Navy and Marine Engineering.
© The Marine Whales.

Website - www.themarinewhales.blogspot.com
Electronic Mail – themarinewhales@gmail.com
Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
Indian ISBN: 978-93-5361-598-7

All rights reserved.

No part of this self-Published book may be reproduced or

transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any
information storage and retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the authors hence any kind of piracy will be
considered as a legal offense.

This book is an effort of the individual contributions and is protected

under copyright by the authors.
Contents
Personal Questions
Situational Awareness
Physics
Chemistry
Mathematics
Thermodynamics
Workshop related Questions
Basic Electrical
Basic Marine Based Questions
Safety Related Questions
General Knowledge
PERSONEL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Before reading this section of the book you should know that this
is one of the most important section for an interview and the way
you answer these questions will set a proper tone for the rest of
the interview. The questions given in this section have been
constantly asked by various shipping companies.
All the questions are answered in a structured manner to help you
form your own answers and also the answers are explained with
the help of an examples. By reading this section you will be able to
answer every possible personal question that can be asked in an
interview.
So, before you start reading, just grab a pen & a paper and start
writing your own answers. ALL THE BEST.
1Q. Tell me something about yourself?
Ans. It is one of the most common question which has been
repeatedly asked in the interviews for merchant navy. Usually this is
the very first question which is asked by the interviewer and if
answered nicely in a correct manner, it builds up a right platform for
the further interview.
The format in which this question can be answered is as follows-
NAME - I am ……., or My name is ……..
PLACE - I am from……, or I belong to……
QUALIFICATION - I have completed my 10th and 12th class from
State/CBSE/ICSE Board
ACHIEVEMENTS - Talk about any math/science or engineering
related competition in which you have participated and if you have
secured a good rank in that competition then mention about your rank
also. But if do not have a good rank then you can skip this section,
there is no harm in that.
FAMILY BACKGROUND- So far, my family background is
concerned
If I talk about my family ……, or In my family………
HOBBIES - I have a couple of hobbies ……. ,
or
If I mention about my hobbies….
I am fond of………… or I love ……………

That’s all about me sir!

Given below is an example of the way you can answer this question.
EXAMPLE - Sir, My, name is Jayesh Goswami.
I belong to Delhi.
I have completed my 10th and 12th class from CBSE board.
I have participated in mathematics Olympiad and secured a state rank
of 10.
So far, my family background is concerned there are 4 members in
my family, me, my parents and my younger sister. My father is a
teacher and my mother is a homemaker.
And if I talk about my hobbies then I am fond of watching cricket,
reading novels and listening to light music.
That’s all about me sir!
DON’T DO’S -
Do not mention your name in the introduction if the interviewer has
already gone through your resume and has asked a question to you in
this manner-
“Okay Jayesh, tell me something about yourself ”. In this condition
you have to start the answer directly from your place and do not
mention your name as the interviewer has already mentioned it.
Do not say ‘sir’ before every sentence. Refer the above example and
say the word ‘sir’ only two times during the entire introduction (once
during starting of the introduction and another at the end).
2Q. What are your strengths or What do you think you are best
at?
Ans- By asking this question the interviewer wants to know that how
do you evaluate yourself or how do you rate yourself. While
answering this question you should mention all the things you are
good at but those things should not lead to your personal life. Given
below are the points to keep in mind while answering this question.
1). DON’T TELL ONLY ADJECTIVES - While answering this
question you should not use a lot of adjectives as it adds a tone that
you must have mug up the answer and you are not even able to
express yourself properly.
EXAMPLE - I’m quite smart, I’m quite intelligent, I’m very positive,
I’m very optimistic etc.
2). STRENGTH UP WITH STORIES - Now don’t start telling stories
to the interviewer right away. What you can do is that you can tell the
interviewer about any award or project or anything good that you
have done and then relate it with a small story so that it makes much
more sense and sounds more natural.
EXAMPLE - I had participated in an extempore speech competition
and I got 3rd rank in that. The faculty in our college always tell us
about the importance of expressing yourself clearly on ship in
minimum time. So, I think that I can be a good speaker and can
express myself clearly.
3). LOOK FOR THE HOLES AND FILL IT UP :- To make your
answer a bit more interesting and natural you can answer in this
manner also.
EXAMPLE - I regularly write my assignments and always submit
them on time. This quality will help me on ship as I will not try to
keep any work for due.
3Q. What are your weaknesses?
Ans. The way you answer this question will tell the interviewer that
whether you are fit for this job or not and thus this is one of the most
frequently asked question in the interviews for merchant navy and
while answering this question you should keep in mind the following
points.
1). DON’T AVOID THE ANSWER- Don’t just say that ‘no sir I
don’t really have any weaknesses.’ Every human has some
weaknesses so don’t try to avoid this question.
2). DON’T RAISE THE RED FLAG - Now please don’t try to be
over honest about your answer. Don’t confess to any horrible mistake
that you have done or weakness that you have. Just don’t say
anything like ‘I miss my family’.
3). TURN A NEGATIVE INTO POSITIVE- Now the best way of
answering this question is that you give an answer which will not
affect the job you are applying for.
EXAMPLE - ‘I trust the people very easily’.
‘I always complete my work even if I have to take a lot of stress’.
Okay, you can also tell about the weaknesses you had in past but you
have overcome now.
EXAMPLE - During my school time my English-speaking qualities
were not good but after coming into the college and knowing the
importance of English speaking in merchant navy, I have improved on
my English speaking and now I can converse with people in English
without any hesitation.
4Q. Why do you want to join merchant navy?
Ans. This question has been asked by all shipping companies
repeatedly in their interviews and it is generally expected that you
must answer this question in a proper manner. Keep the following
things in mind while answering this question-
• Just try to be real while answering this question and don’t lie a
lot.
• It would be nicer if you do not bring up the money factor while
answering this question, but it totally depends upon you. But
don’t say that money is the main reason behind you joining
merchant navy.
• You should show your interest so that the interviewer can know
that you really want to join this field and you are not lying about
your reason.
• Whatever reason you are giving to the interviewer, but prepared
to answer the counter questions regarding that.
Given below are the examples that how you should answer this
question under different conditions-
EXAMPLE-
CONDITION 1)- You are inspired by your relative or any family
friend.
Ans. Sir, from a really young age I had an interest in different kind of
machines and by the time I had completed my 10 th class, I had
decided that I want to do engineering. Then one day my father took
me to meet one of his friend who is a chief engineer in merchant
navy. While talking to me, he started telling me about his job at sea
and how the ships sail across the entire world and transport cargo, I
found myself being really interested in whatever he was saying. He
told me how they work on ships and how such small number of
people operate such a big ship. He told me about his experiences at
sea and by the time our conversation ended I had decided that I want
to join merchant navy. Then after that I researched about this job in
detail and found out that this is exactly the kind of job I want to do.
Also, after doing marine engineering I will be able to work on a lot of
machineries in the Engine Room of a ship and the fact that I really
like machineries I will be able to do my job with conviction. This is
the main reason I want to join merchant navy.
CONDITION 2)- Either your parents are into business or they are
working professionals.
Ans. Sir, when I was in 12th standard then at that time some merchant
navy officers visited our school. They told all the students that what
kind profession it is and how they think that it is one of the best
professions out there. They told us about their job at sea and how do
they work. Before that I didn’t knew much about merchant navy, so I
was completely fascinated by this new career option that they had
introduced to us. They told us the procedure of joining merchant navy
and all the pre-sea courses that we need to do. They also talked about
different challenges they face while working on ship and how
interesting and demanding their job is. After that I went home and
researched more about this profession and I realized that this is the
perfect career option for me and I think that I have taken a correct
decision.
CONDITION 3)- You belong to an agricultural background.
Ans. Sir, as I belong to a farming background, I used to visit my
grandfather at his farm from a very young age. There I used to see
him working on different machines like generator, tractor, motor,
thresher etc and I was always fascinated by the amount of effort these
machines reduce for humans. From that time, I had the curiosity of
working on different machines so I opted for science after my 10 th
class. During my 12th class when I was searching for different career
options, I got to know about merchant navy. I researched about this
field in detail and I thought that this is the perfect career option for me
and also, I will able to work on some of the largest engines in the
world and so many different machineries. I saw different videos on
internet to get the practical knowledge of the people who are already
working in this field and I found that they talk so good about this field
and opportunities that this field provides. My family has also
supported me in this decision and I believe that it is right decision as I
am already liking my pre-sea training and I’m really excited to join
merchant navy.
5Q. Where do you see yourself in next 10 year?
Ans. By asking this question the interviewer wants to know that
whether you are going to stay in his company for a long time or you
just want the stepping stone to get into the shipping industry. The
answer of this question should show that you are going to work for his
company for a really long time. It is better not to directly jump to a
certain rank like ‘I can see myself as a chief engineer in your
company after 10 year’. While technically this answer is not wrong
but gives an impression that you are here only for a certain position,
so instead you can turn your answer around in this way- ‘During my
initial time at sea I would try to learn everything about my job and the
job of the person who is one rank above me. I will learn from all the
senior marine engineers working in your company and I will
constantly try to improve myself to become a good marine engineer.
And after learning for so many years I would like to become a
responsible marine engineer in your company and I would prove
myself as a marine engineer on which on company can trust’.
6Q. Why should we hire you?
Ans. Now this is the time to completely sell yourself to the
interviewer and let them know that why you are the best cadet to
select. While answering this question you should show your eagerness
and willingness to get this job. But don’t act like you are desperate to
get this job. Tell them that you are eager to start your career as early
as possible and the things you like about this company and the reason
you want to start your job with this company. Keep the following
things in mind while answering this question-
1). Show them that you have a great professional attitude and how
your professional attitude can contribute to the company.
2). Show that you are success oriented and wants to achieve success
in every task given to you.
3). Show them that you are a growth-oriented person and how your
work will contribute to the growth of the company.
7Q. Would you lie for the company?
Ans. Sir your company is one of the biggest and most reputed
shipping company in the world, it has a good reputation and I don’t
think there will be any such cases where I will have to lie. But if there
any such situation arises, I will try to resolve the problem.
Or
No sir, I won’t because if I lie once it would eventually become a
habit for me so if I lie for your company’s benefit, I may lie for my
own benefit someday in your company.
8Q. Why you want to join our company?
Ans. Now this is the question where you have to tell all the good
things about their company and also show them that you have done a
good amount of research on the company. Tell them how they are the
leaders in the shipping industry and how much they care about the
marine engineers working in their company. While telling all these
things you shouldn’t sound like you are flattering them too much. Just
try to make it more natural and for that you should do the research
about the company and what that company provides for marine
engineers.
While in the first part of this answer you are mentioning about there
company, in the second part you should mention that why do you
want this job and show your willingness to get this job and also tell
them that how their company can help you to achieve your goals in a
better and faster way.
So, to answer this question you should do research about the company
before going to the interview.
9Q. Why did you join MANET?
Ans. While answering this type of question it is better not to directly
jump to the conclusions like it has a good placement record. But
rather you can start by telling good things about the college and how
the atmosphere and the knowledge given by the MANET will help
you in becoming a good Trainee Marine Engineer. After that you can
mention about how the college is able to provide so many placement
opportunities in some really good and reputed companies.
You can also talk about the good reputation of the college and how
the marine engineers produced by MANET has got some amazing
reviews by the chief engineers of their ships.
By answering the question in this manner, you are telling the
interviewer that you are more interested in becoming a good marine
engineer and at the same time you are the kind of cadet who takes any
step by doing research about it.
10Q. What are the duties of a Trainee Marine Engineer?
Ans. As soon as the junior engineer joins the ship he/she should start
learning about the following things-
1. Ship Familiarisation
2. Know the Escape Routes Thoroughly
3. Know the Location of Muster Stations
4. Should know who the DPA is

5. Segregation of garbage

6. Company rules and policies

7. How to Use Emergency Equipments

8. Learn About Various Alarms

9. Launching of Life Boat

10. Know SOPEP

11. Know the Automation in the Control Room

12. Learn About Manuals

13. Familiarize with Engine Room and Engine Room Workshop

14. Trace all the pipelines in the Engine Room

15. Should learn about the jobs of 4th Engineer.
11Q. Are you a team player?
Ans. Being a good team player is one of the most essential thing
about the shipping industry. Now don’t just answer this question as
‘yes’.
You can make your answer really strong by supporting it with some
real examples in the past where you have worked with the team. You
can talk about any college event or school event that you have
organized with your team or either you have worked on any project
with your team then mention that also.
You can also add that “I believe in working as a team rather than an
individual and effective team work result as higher productivity and
the goal attainment is comparatively easier faster”.
While answering this question you should sound like you are very
comfortable working in a team and that you understand the
importance of working in team on ship.
12Q. What do you know about our company?
Ans This is most frequently asked question in marine interviews and
the short and crisp answer of this question can leave an impact on the
interviewer. The answer of this question describes your seriousness,
interest, capacity to research and your aptness.
To answer this question in a proper way you should visit the website
of the company and learn about the history of the company. See when
did they started as a shipping company, what type of cargoes do they
carry, name of the CEO, their headquarters, number of ships in that
company, their achievements, events they organize, the awards they
won, latest news about their company.
And it is good if you end your answer with their amazing policies for
their marine engineers.
13Q. What are your achievements?
Ans. While answering this question you should focus on the
following points-
Keep it real.
Be Relevant.
Sell yourself
Keep it recent
Keep it professional
You can say about any of your achievement be it related to sports,
academics, whether you have organized any successful event or
whether you have worked on any project. After telling them about
your achievement connect them with the requirements of marine
industry and let them know that you can prove to be a good marine
engineer onboard.
14Q. How is your experience in MANET?
Ans. You can start answering this question by explaining your
experience when you initially joined MANET and the small
difficulties that you had faced to adopt the marine environment and
how did you overcome that and now have become a really good and
sincere cadet. You can talk about how good the faculties are and how
they always support you in your academics. You also talk about the
sports facilities and facilities provided in that library like the
availability of all the newspapers which keeps you updated about the
marine field.
By this way you can structure your answer in a proper manner and let
them know that how grateful you are to study in MANET.
15Q. Tell me about the place from where you belong?
Ans. You should mention the following points while giving an
answer:
• Exact location of your city/village. (district, state)
• Tourist attraction of that place.
• Any special thing about your place. (Any fort, any sweet etc.)
• Basic history of your place.
• Any famous person in any field from your place.
• Your city is also known as (Ex- Jodhpur- the sun city)
16Q. What do you do in your leisure hours?
Ans. The answer of this question should be professional and should
not include anything like you listen to music or watch movies.
You can say that you like to read novels (prepare the names and
stories of those novels before saying this) or you like to improve your
communication skills, or you like to talk to your seniors who are
already working onboard and get to know about their practical
experiences, or whether you like to watch news etc.
EXAMPLE- Sir I believe that using the leisure hours productively
can help me improve myself and this is why I like to read novels and I
try to improve my communication skills as well. I like to read news
about the current happenings in the shipping industry which helps me
stay updated. (NOTE- You should know about the latest news in
shipping industry if you want to include this point).
17Q. Can you work under pressure?
Ans. You can answer this question in a following manner but it
should not sound like you have mugged up the answer.
EXAMPLE- Yes, sir. Because I believe that there is no gain without
pain.
• Pressure is generally an opportunity to step one more feet higher
than current position.
• It teaches us how to work in different situations and how to
work in a smart way.
• Pressure is like a challenge and without challenges, there is no
learning.
• I would better take it as knowledge and skill enhancement
opportunity.
18Q. What type of work environment do you prefer?
Ans- You should not mention any particular type of work
environment while answering this question as in shipping industry
you will have to work with the people of different countries. The
answer of this question goes in a following manner-
EXAMPLE- Sir, as far as the work environment is concerned, I’m
not very peculiar about it. I like to work with different people and
thus I am comfortable in any kind of work environment.
19Q. Why should I select you instead of a topper?
Ans- Sir, I am constantly improving on my studies and my graph is
only going up. Although I am not a topper right now but I certainly
believe that if I work constantly on my studies for a period of time
then I can also become a topper and I am working on improving
myself. I am also an enthusiastic learner and I believe that a marine
engineer should always be a good learner so that is also one of my
quality.
20Q. If I select you then will you maintain your SGPA?
Ans. YES sir, I will maintain my SGPA and I will also work hard to
increase it.
21Q. Do you have any question for me?
Ans. When asked this question then do not just say NO as an answer
as it gives an impact that you are not eager to know about the
company. So, during the interview if you have been asked any
question of which you did not knew the answer, then you can ask the
interviewer politely that what could the answer of that question. Or
you can also ask about the programs that the company conducts for
Trainee Marine Engineers.
EXAMPLE- Sir, can you please tell me what are all the skill
development training courses that MAERSK provides for their
Trainee Marine Engineers.
QUESTIONS BASED ON SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
To check the presence of mind and how the cadets react under
different situations that is why situational awareness is one of the
favourite topics of interviewers.
22Q. You have a copper pipe and you have to make an efficient
cooler, what will you do?
Ans. Take a table fan and then wind the copper pipe on it in a spiral
form. Now put one end of the copper pipe in to tank having chilled
water (combination of ice and water) and the outlet of the pipe is
again taken back to the tank. One small pump is to be provided
between the water tank and the inlet of the pipe. Now start the fan and
start the pump so that the pump supplies water to the copper pipe and
as the copper pipe is wounded on the fan, the fan gives cold air and
acts as a cooler.
This is the simplest method to make an efficient cooler but there can
be other ways too.
23Q. If you have ever travelled in a train then you must have
noticed that the above the charging socket for the cell phone it is
written that 110V DC supply. While the charger only accepts the
AC supply then why DC supply is given?
Ans. All the appliances in the train are running on DC (Fans, Lights
etc). So not to complicate the circuit DC is provided till the charging
socket as well but a small inverter is provided just behind the socket
which converts this DC into AC.
24Q. If you are asked to clean the Engine Room, would you do
that?
Ans. As a Trainee Marine Engineer it is my responsibility to keep my
working space clean, so I will not have any problem in cleaning the
Engine Room.
25Q. If you are told to clean the toilets, would you do that?
Ans. I would not hesitate to clean my toilet and if there is any
problem with sewage treatment plant then also, I will not have any
problem to clean the toilets. But if some senior is asking me to clean
his toilet without any major reason then I will not do that as it is his
personal work and everyone should do their own personal work.
(Give this answer in a very polite manner and without any hesitation).
27Q. How much do you rate yourself?
Ans. Sir, I would rate myself at 7 as I believe that no one can be
perfect and there is always a scope for improvement. Now if the
interviewer asks about what are the flaws that you have, then you can
talk about your weaknesses that you had mentioned earlier and tell
him that you would like to improve on them. But earlier if the
interviewer had asked you about your weaknesses then don’t tell it,
just simply say that a scope of improvement does not necessarily
mean that one should have flaws.
28Q. Onboard if your senior is not following certain safety rules,
what will you do?
Ans. ‘I will tell that senior that he should follow proper safety
procedures as it is the most important thing’.
Your answer should end here but if the interviewer asks that the
senior officer is still not listening to you then what would be your net
step? The answer given below can be your next answer.
‘I will reach out to the more superior person on the ship and will tell
him that the officer is not following certain safety procedures which is
not good for the safety of that person’.
29Q. You are onboard a vessel and you receive a message that
your sister is getting married. What will you do?
Ans. I will tell the chief engineer about it and will request him if I can
get a leave. The chief engineer will contact the company ask if I can
get the leave. If I get a leave then its good but if I don’t get the leave
then also it is fine as I understand the requirements of merchant navy.
30Q. If there is any fire in this room, what will you do?
Ans. First I will assure my safety and then I will see the intensity of
the fire. If it is a minor fire then I will extinguish the fire with fire
extinguisher and if it is a major fire then I will go out of the room
through the safest escape route and will inform the higher authorities
about the fire.
31Q. Name of the next candidate sitting outside?
Ans. Well you should know it as it shows your presence of mind.
32Q. If I do not select you then what will you do?
Ans. As your company hires only deserving cadets, if you do not
select me then it means that I still have lot of scope for improvement
so I will take it positively and I will improve myself.
33Q. Were you nervous before coming interview?
Ans. I was a bit nervous before coming into the interview as I am
going to give interview for such a big company but as I have prepared
for the interview, I was confident enough to give the interview.
34Q. If an interviewer asks you to have a cup of tea then what will
you do?
Ans. While at first you should say NO but if the interview asks again
then you can take the tea or snacks whatever he/she offers. But just
take sip of tea, don’t drink the entire cup.
35Q. Do you believe that merchant navy is an adventurous field?
Ans. YES sir I do believe that merchant navy is an adventurous field.
Because adventure is not only about visiting different places but
everything which challenges you become a better professional is an
adventure and merchant navy provides lot challenges everyday which
will help me become a really good engineer and I will learn to tackle
different kind of problems also. I think that is the biggest adventure
according to me.
36Q. Do you think that your family life will get affected after
joining this field?
Ans.NO I don’t think that my family life will get affected. I can be in
touch with my family through messages and calls even when I will be
on ship and also the vacations are quite long so I can spend time with
my family during that time. I have also interacted with some teachers
from our college and asked them about how they were able to manage
their personal lives and they also always say that there is absolutely
no problem with family. So, I don’t think that joining this profession
will affect my family life.
37Q. Will you be able to survive at sea?
Ans. YES sir I will be able to survive at sea because I can adapt to
different situations very quickly and I already know what all are the
problems that I will have to face at sea but I still want to join this field
consciously, so I don’t think so that I will have any problem with
surviving at sea.
38Q. How much would you rate me?
Ans. Sir I would rate you at 9. Now if the interviewer asks that why
not 10, then say that sir I believe that no one can be perfect and there
is always a scope of improvement in any field and one can always
learn about different thing to improve himself.
QUESTIONS BASED ON PHYSICS
Physics is commonly asked subject in Maersk interview so cadets
are advice to go through the basics of the physics and try to get
command over this extraordinary subject of science.
39Q. What is solenoid?
Ans. A solenoid is a cylindrical coil of wire acting as a magnet when
carrying electric current.
40Q. How the aeroplanes fly in the air, what is the principle
behind this?
Ans. Because of the shape of an airplane's wing, when the force of lift
is greater than the force of gravity, the airplane is able to fly and
because of thrust, the airplane is able to move forward in flight.
According to Newton's third law of motion, the action of the wings
moving through the air creates lift.
According to a principle of aerodynamics called Bernoulli's law, fast-
moving air is at lower pressure than slow-moving air, so the pressure
above the wing is lower than the pressure below, and this creates the
lift that powers the plane upward.
41Q. What is Wheatstone Bridge?
Ans. It is a simple circuit for measuring an unknown resistance by
connecting it so as to form a quadrilateral with three known
resistances and applying a voltage between a pair of opposite corners.
42Q. What is Archimedes principle?
Ans. Archimedes' principle states that the upward buoyant force that
is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially
submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces
and acts in the upward direction at the centre of mass of the displaced
fluid.
43Q. What is buoyancy?
Ans. Buoyancy or upthrust, is an upward force exerted by a fluid that
opposes the weight of an immersed object.
44Q. What is the boiling point and freezing point?What is the
value of BP & FP for water and mercury?
Ans.The temperature at which a liquid boil and turn into a vapour is
called boiling point.
The temperature at which a liquid turn into a solid when cooled is
called as freezing point.
Boiling point for water is 100oC and freezing point for water is 0oC.
Boiling point for mercury is 356.7oC and freezing point for mercury is
-38.83oC.
45Q. What will be the boiling point of the water in vacuum
whether it would more or less than 100oC?
Ans. When we maintain vacuum (pressure below atmospheric
pressure) the water begins to boil at temperature lower than 100
degree Celsius.
46Q. Which device is used to measure the atmospheric pressure?
What are the various units of pressure?
Ans.A barometer is a scientific instrument used to measure
atmospheric pressure.
Pascal or N/m2 or kg.m.s-2 is SI unit of Pressure.
Various pressure units with their conversion is given below in a table-

47Q. What are the various units of temperature and their

conversion?
Ans. Kelvin is the SI unit for temperature.
Kelvin, Degree Celsius, Fahrenheit and Rankine are the often-used
units for temperature.
48Q. What is the difference between Ammeter and
Galvanometer?
Ans. Ammeter – An ammeter is a measuring instrument used to
measure the current in a circuit.
Galvanometer – It is an instrument for detecting and measuring small
electric currents.
49Q. How can a Galvanometer be converted into Ammeter or
Voltmeter?
Ans. The galvanometer is converted into the ammeter by connecting
the resistance in parallel with the circuit.
The galvanometer is converted into the voltmeter by connecting the
resistance in series with the circuit.
50Q. How the ammeter and voltmeter are connected in an electric
circuit? What is the ideal resistance of ammeter and voltmeter?
Ans. An ammeter is connected in series with the circuit because the
purpose of the ammeter is to measure the current through the circuit.
A voltmeter is connected in parallel with the circuit because the
purpose of the voltmeter is to measure the potential difference across
the circuit.
Note – In an electric circuit object in parallel experience the same
potential difference and the object in series experience the same
electric current.
Ideal resistance of Ammeter and Voltmeter is 0 (Zero) and ∞
(Infinity) respectively because –
An ideal ammeter should have zero resistance so that there is no
voltage drop across it, and so it would not affect the flow of a current
through the circuit into which it is placed.
An ideal voltmeter should have an infinite resistance so that no
current will flow through it, and all the current flows through the
component that you're investigating.
51Q. What should be an ideal resistance of earth?
Ans. Ideally a ground should be of zero ohms resistance.
52Q. What are the seven fundamentals quantities?
Ans. Given below are the seven fundamentals quantities with their SI
units.

53Q. In which unit the noise pollution is measured or what is the

unit of sound?
Ans. Decibels (DB) is the SI unit of sound and the noise pollution is
measured in this unit.
54Q. What is the speed of light in vacuum?
Ans. Speed of light in vacuum is 2.9979 × 108m/s.
55Q. How much time sunlight take to reach on earth?
Ans. It takes sunlight an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to
travel from the Sun to the Earth.
56Q. What is newton’s law of universal gravitation?
Ans.Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle
attracts every other particle in the universe with a force which is
directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
57Q. Define Pascal’s law?
Ans.Pascal's law basically states that any pressure applied to a fluid
inside a closed system will transmit that pressure equally in all
directions throughout the fluid.
58Q. Define Force?
Ans.In physics, force is a push or pull on an object. A force can cause
an object to accelerate, slow down, remain in place, or change shape.
59Q. What is Law of conservation of momentum?
Ans.For a collision occurring between object 1 and object 2 in an
isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before the
collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects after the
collision.
60Q. What is banking of road. What is its purpose?
Ans. The phenomenon of raising outer edge of the curved road above
the inner edge to provide necessary centripetal force to the vehicles to
take a safer turn on the curved road is called Banking of Roads.
Purpose of Banking of roads –
- To provide the necessary centripetal force for the circular
motion.
- To reduce wear and tear of the tyres due to friction.
- To avoid skidding.
- To avoid overturning of vehicles.
61Q. What is the density of mercury?
Ans. Density of Mercury is 13593 Kg/m3.
62Q. What is Escape Velocity?
Ans. The lowest velocity which a body must have in order to escape
the gravitational attraction of a particular planet.
63Q. What is the difference between mass and weight?
Ans. Mass is the actual amount of material contained in a body and is
measured in kg, gm, etc. Whereas weight is the force exerted by the
gravity on that object.
Value of mass is independent of the location while the value of the
weight changes as the location.
64Q. What is the value of ‘acceleration due to gravity’ on Moon?
What would be your weight on moon whether it would more or
less than your actual weight on earth?
Ans.The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is
about 1.625 m/s2.
Our weight on moon is less than it would be on Earth due to a
difference of the strength of gravity on the moon.
65Q. A free falling body on earth has an acceleration of?
Ans. 9.81m/s2.
66Q. What is difference between Speed and Velocity?
Ans.Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to "how fast an object is
moving." Speed is equal to the distance divided by the time taken by
the object to reach any destination.
Velocity is a vector quantity that refers to "the rate at which an object
changes its position." Velocity is equal to the change in displacement
divided by the change in time.
67Q. Define acceleration?
Ans.Acceleration is a measure of how fast the velocity changes.
Acceleration is a vector quantity that is defined as the rate at which an
object changes its velocity. An object is accelerating if it is changing
its velocity.
68Q. What are Kepler’s law of Planetary motion?
Ans. Sir Kepler has given three laws of planetary motion.
Kepler’s first law – Each planet moves in an elliptical orbit with the
sun at one focus of an ellipse.
Kepler’s second law – A line from the sun to a given planet sweeps
out equal areas in equal time.
Kepler’s third law – The periods of the planets are proportional to the
3/2 power of the major axis lengths of their orbit.
69Q. Which type of Gas is used in Domestic cooking Gas
Cylinder?
Ans."LPG" (liquefied petroleum gas) is used in Domestic cooking
Gas Cylinder which is either propane, butane or a mixture of the two.
70Q. Which type of battery is used in Mobile Phone?
Ans. There are two types of batteries used in modern cell phones are
Lithium Polymer and Lithium Ion. Li-Poly is the latest and most
advanced technology for cell phone batteries.
71Q. What are the Newton’s law of Motion?
Ans. Newton's first law states that A body at rest will remain at rest,
and a body in motion will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by
an external force. Newton's first law of motion referred to as the law
of inertia
Newton's second law states that “force applied on a body is directly
proportional to rate of change of momentum”. Newton's second law
of motion referred to as Law of Force and Acceleration
Newton’s third law of motion states that “for every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction”.
72Q. What is the law of conservation of energy?
Ans.The law of conservation of energy is a law of science that states
that energy cannot be created nor be destroyed, but only changed
from one form into another or transferred from one object to the
another.
73Q. What do you mean by room temperature?
Ans. A comfortable ambient temperature, generally taken as about
20°C – 25oC.
74Q. Which metal has highest conductivity? What is the unit for
conductivity?
Ans. Silver. The SI Unit of conductivity is Siemens Per Meter (S/m).
75Q. What is the cut-in voltage for Silicon and Germanium?
Ans. Cut-in voltage for Silicon and Germanium is 0.7V and 0.3V
respectively.
76Q. What is Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion?
Ans. Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus
splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the
release of energy.
Nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low
atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of
energy.
77Q. Filament of incandescent lamp is made of which material?
What is melting point for this material?
Ans.Filaments in incandescent light bulbs are made of tungsten.
When electric current goes through the filament, the filament
glows.The melting point of Tungsten is 3422oC which is also the
highest melting point among the metals.
78Q. What is the reason behind the formation of Rainbow?
Ans. A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by
reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting
in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky and it takes the form of a
multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always
appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.
79Q. How many zones/layers are in the atmosphere? Which zone
is nearest to the earth surface?
Ans. There are five main zones in the atmosphere namely
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
Troposphere is the nearest zone to the earth surface, it exists from (0-
10) Km above the earth surface.
80Q. What is Newton’s law of cooling?
Ans.Newton's law of cooling states that the rate of heat loss of a body
is directly proportional to the difference in the temperatures between
the body and its surroundings provided the temperature difference is
small and the nature of radiating surface remains same.
81Q. What is Doppler’s effect?
Ans. The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in
frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is
moving relative to the wave source.Hence, the time between the
arrival of successive wave crests at the observer is reduced, causing
an increase in the frequency.
82Q. What is an EMF?
Ans. Electromotive force (emf) is a measurement of the energy that
causes current to flow through a circuit. It can also be defined as the
potential difference in charge between two points in a circuit.
83Q. What is voltage?
Ans.Voltage is another word for electrical potential difference.
Potential difference between point A and B is also known as the
voltage between point A and point B. It is also defined as the amount
of work done required to move a unit charge (+1 Coulomb) from B to
A.
84Q. What is the difference between Conduction, Convection, and
Radiation?
Ans. Difference Between Conduction, Convection and Radiation.
While conduction is the transfer of heat energy by direct contact,
convection is the movement of heat by actual motion of matter;
radiation is the transfer of energy with the help of electromagnetic
waves.

85Q. What is the faraday’s law of electromagnetism?

Ans. First law of Faraday’s Electromagnetic Induction states that
whenever a conductor is placed in a varying magnetic field, EMF is
induced which is known as an induced EMF, if the circuit is closed
then current will flow through the circuit which is known as induced
current.
OR
Whenever a conductor is rotated in a magnetic field, EMF is induced
in the conductor which is known as an induced EMF.
Second law of Faraday’s Electromagnetic Induction states that the
induced EMF is equal to the rate of change of flux linkages. (flux
linkages are the product of turns ‘n’ of coil and the flux associated
with it).
86Q. What is Lenz law in electromagnetic circuit?
Ans.Lenz's law is a common way to understand how electromagnetic
circuits obey Newton's third law and the conservation of energy.
Lenz's law is named after Heinrich Lenz, and it says: An induced
electromotive force (emf) always gives rise to a current whose
magnetic field opposes the change in original magnetic flux.
87Q. How would you define an electric current?
Ans. Current is the flow of an electric charge. Current flows through a
circuit when a voltage is placed across two points of a conductor.
88Q. A magnifying glass is what type of lens?
Ans. Convex Lens.
89Q. How many watts are there in 1 horse power?
Ans. 745.7 Watts.
90Q. What is value of Newtonian constant of gravitation?
Ans. 6.674 08 x 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2.
91Q. What is unit of charge?
Ans. Coulomb. Also, unit of Charge is ampere-hour.
92Q. In which medium sound travels fast – Water or Air?
Ans.In water, the particles are much closer together, and they can
quickly transmit vibration energy from one particle to the next. This
means that the sound wave travels over 4.3 times faster than it would
in air, but it takes a lot of energy to start the vibration.
93Q. What is Scaler and vector quantity?
Ans. Scalar quantities are those which are fully described by a
magnitude (or numerical value) alone. Vector quantities are those
which are fully described by both, a magnitude and a direction.
94Q. What does Einstein's theory of relativity teach us?
Ans.Einstein's theory of relativity teach us following key points.
1. Light travels at a constant speed.
2. When you move at higher speeds, time slows down for you.
3. Speeding things get shorter in length.
4. The speed of light cannot be surpassed ever.
95Q. What do you understand by E=MC2?
Ans.In physics, mass–energy equivalence states that anything having
mass has an equivalent amount of energy and vice versa, with these
fundamental quantities directly relating to one another by Albert
Einstein's famous formula.
E=MC2 -in which E represents units of energy, M represents units of
mass, and C2 is the speed of light squared.
96Q. Define Magnetism?
Ans. It is a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric
charge, which results in attractive and repulsive forces between
objects.
97Q. The power of lens is measured in which unit?
Ans. Dioptre.
98Q. The absorption of ink by blotting paper involves which
phenomenon?
Ans. capillary action.
99Q. Light year is unit to measure?
Ans. Distance.
100Q. Why planets do not twinkle?
Ans. Because they are nearer to earth and hence, we receive a greater
amount of light and, therefore minor variations in the intensity are not
noticeable.
101Q. Metals are good conductor of electricity because?
Ans. They contain free electrons.
102Q. Why do ships floats?
Ans. All ships can float, but floating is more complex and confusing
than it sounds and it's best discussed through a scientific concept
called buoyancy, which is the force that causes floating and another
reason is the increased bottom surface area of the ship is much larger
and hence it keeps floating.
It doesn't matter how big or small the object is: a gold ring will sink in
water, while a piece of plastic as big as a football field will float. The
basic rule is that an object will sink if it weighs more than exactly the
same volume of water.
103Q. In water an iron needle sinks, but an iron ship float. Why?
Ans. “The density of needle (as of iron) is much larger than the water.
So, it sinks easily. The weight of the water displaced by the ship is
equal to its weight, so it floats. Whereas the weight of the water
displaced by the iron needle is less than its weight so the iron needle
sinks”.
104Q. Magnetism at the centre of a bar magnet is?
Ans. Zero (0).
105Q. Lux is unit of?
Ans. Intensity of illumination.
106Q. What is crest and trough of a wave?
Ans. A crest is the point on a wave with the maximum value of
upward displacement within a cycle. A crest is a point on a surface
wave where the displacement of the medium is at a maximum. A
trough is the opposite of a crest, so the minimum or lowest point in a
cycle.

107Q. RADAR is use for?

Ans. It is used for detecting and locating the position of objects such
as ships and aeroplanes
108Q. What is Mirage?
Ans. an optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, especially
the appearance of a sheet of water in a desert or on a hot road caused
by the refraction of light from the sky by heated air.
109Q. Ball pen works on which principles?
Ans. It works on the principles of capillarity and surface tension.
110Q. A falling drop of rain water acquires the spherical shape
due to?
Ans. Surface Tension.
111Q. A device used for measuring the depth of the sea is called
as?
Ans. Fathometer.
112Q. One watt-hour is equivalent to how many joules?
Ans. 3.6 x 103 J.
113Q. One Nanometer is equal to?
Ans. 10-9m.
114Q. Tesla is unit of?
Ans. Tesla is unit of magnetic flux density.
115Q. What is Polarization?
Ans. It is a process of separating opposite charges within an object.
116Q. What is Resonance?
Ans. The increase in amplitude of oscillation of an electric or
mechanical system exposed to a periodic force whose frequency is
equal or very close to the natural undamped frequency of the system.
117Q. What is critical speed?
Ans. The critical speed is the speed where the rotor shaft is having
maximum vibration.
118Q. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity at the
centre of the earth?
Ans. Zero (0).
119Q. What is the refractive index of water?
Ans. 1.33
120Q. What is current density?
Ans. Current density is current per unit area.
QUESTIONS BASED CHEMISTRY
Cadets should have knowledge of Basic chemistry related to
surroundings because many times it has been observed that
interviewer is interested to check the knowledge of chemistry.
121Q. The nucleus of an atom consists of?
Ans. Protons and Neutrons.
122Q. What is Henry’s law?
Ans. It states that the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is
proportional to its partial pressure.
123Q. What is osmosis and reverse osmosis?
Ans. Osmosis is a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to
pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated
solution into a more concentrated one.
Reverse osmosis is a process by which a solvent pass through a
porous membrane in the direction opposite to that for natural osmosis
when subjected to a hydrostatic pressure greater than the osmotic
pressure.
124Q. What is primary and secondary battery/cell?
Ans.A primary battery is designed to be used once and discarded, and
not recharged with electricity and cannot be reused. Alkaline
batteries, Mercury batteries, Silver-Oxide batteries, and Zinc carbon
batteries are the examples of primary batteries.
A secondary battery is designed to be used many times and can be
recharged with electricity and can be reused. Lead-Acid batteries and
Lithium batteries, nickel-cadmium are the examples of secondary
batteries.
125Q. Which is the highest and least electronegative element in
the periodic table?
Ans. Fluorine is the most electronegative element, while francium is
the least electronegative element.
126Q. What do you understand by endothermic and exothermic
reaction?
Ans. An endothermic process is any process which requires or
absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat.
Example - Melting ice cubes, Melting solid salts etc.
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy by
light or heat. It is the opposite of an endothermic reaction.
Example - Any combustion reaction, a neutralization reaction and
rusting of iron.
127Q. What is Galvanisation?
Ans.Galvanization or galvanizing is the process of applying a
protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The most
common method is hot-dip galvanizing, in which the parts are
submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
128Q. Which is lightest metal? Which is the lightest gas?
Ans. Lightest metal is lithium. Lightest gases are Hydrogen and
Helium.
129Q. The most commonly used bleaching agent is?
Ans. Chlorine.
130Q. What is percentage of oxygen in air?
Ans. 20.95%.
126Q. The main use of salt in diet is?
Ans. It produces in small amounts the hydrochloric acid required for
the digestion of food.
127Q. The most malleable metal is?
Ans. Gold.
128Q. The major constituent of air is?
Ans. Nitrogen (78.09%).
129Q. The main active constituent of tea and coffee is?
Ans. caffeine
130Q. Which metal is liquid at room temperature?
Ans. Mercury.
131Q. The number of electrons presents in H+ is?
Ans. Zero.
132Q. Which type of refrigerant is used in a domestic
refrigerator?
Ans.Modern refrigerators usually use a refrigerant called HFC-134a
(1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane), which does not deplete the ozone layer.
Earlier we’re using chlorofluorocarbons in refrigerants began in the
late 1970s and now almost we have stopped using CFC because it is
the main cause for depletion of ozone layer.
133Q. Why sodium and potassium are kept in kerosene?
Ans. Because if they kept open, they can burn and if they kept in
water they can react with water. So, they are kept in kerosene. Sodium
and Potassium are the most reactive metals on this earth. They react
very explosively with both water and air that is why they are stored in
kerosene instead.
134Q. What is acid rain? What is the reason behind this?
Ans.Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when
compounds like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into
the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere,
where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to
form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
135Q. Which metals can be easily cut by the knife?
Ans.The alkali metals are the elements in Group 1 (1A). They are
lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium and can
be easily cut with the help of a knife.
136Q. What is Avogadro’s law?
Ans.Avogadro's law states that, "equal volumes of all gases, at the
same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules.
137Q. What is Avogadro’s Number/constant?
Ans.The number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance,
equal to 6.023 × 1023.
138Q. Which type of acid is present in lemon, Tomato, Tamarind
and Apple?
Ans. Citric acid, Oxalic acid,tartaric acid and Malic acid is present in
lemon, Tomato, Tamarind and Apple respectively.
139Q. What is the full form of CNG, LNG and LPG?
Ans. CNG - Compressed Natural Gas, LPG - Liquefied Petroleum
Gas, LNG- Liquefied Natural Gas.
140Q. Which type of gas is used in Air Conditioning?
Ans. We use Air Conditioning to improve thermal comfort and indoor
air quality. So, we use "Freon gas" In AC. Although CFC and R410A
are also used.
141Q. What do you understand by Potential of Hydrogen (PH)?
Ans. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of water-soluble substances
(PH stands for 'potential of Hydrogen'). A PH value is a number from
1 to 14, with 7 as the middle (neutral) point. Values below 7 indicate
acidity which increases as the number decreases, 1 being the most
acidic and values above 7 indicate alkalinity which increases as the
number increases.
142Q. Which non-metal is a good conductor of electricity?
Ans. Graphite.
143Q. Why salt water conducts electricity and fresh water does
not conducts very well?
Ans.An electric current is a flow of electrical charge. Pure water
contains very few ions, so it does not conduct electricity very well.
When salt is dissolved in water, the solution conducts very well,
because the solution contains ions. The ions come from the salt,
whose chemical name is sodium chloride.
144Q. What is the basic use of alum?
Ans. It is widely used in the treatment of water, in medicine, for
cosmetics (in deodorant and antitranspirants) and in food preparation
(in baking powder and pickling).
145Q. The human body is made up of several chemical elements;
the element presents in the highest proportion (65%) in the body
is?
Ans. Oxygen.
QUESTION BASED ON MATHEMATICS
While appearing for the interview cadets should have basic
knowledge of secondary level mathematics.
Cadets are advice to go through the following topics-
Number system, Basic formulae of trigonometry and some readily
used formulae in Mathematics.
146Q. What is the square of 49?
Ans. Do not go for the traditional method to solve this question
always try to apply some special tricks to solve this kind of questions
rapidly.
(50-1)2 = 502 – 2(50)(1) + 12 = 2401
In this way you can solve various questions without using pen and
paper. Just remember basic formulae and then you can solve any of
the below question in couple of seconds.
Similar questions: - 512, 992, 1012 and many more.
147Q. What is natural number?
Ans. Natural numbers include: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . . and are also called
the positive integers.
148Q. What is Whole number?
Ans. Whole number starts from 0 and then same as of natural number.
149Q. Is 1 a prime number or not?
Ans. The definition of a prime number is a positive integer that has
exactly two positive divisors. However, 1 only has one positive
divisor (1 itself), so it is not a prime number.
150Q. What is Pythagoras Theorem?
Ans. It is a theorem discovered by Pythagoras that “the square on the
hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is equal to the sum of the
squares on the other two sides.
151Q. What is the value of “iota2”?
Ans. -1.
152Q. What is the value of 1/∞?
Ans. Zero (0).
153Q. Is 0 an integer?
Ans. Yes 0 is an integer.
154Q. What is rational number? Is every integer a rational
number?
Ans. In mathematics, a rational number is any number that can be
expressed as the quotient or fraction p/q of two integers, a numerator
p and a non-zero denominator q. Since q may be equal to 1, every
integer is a rational number.
155Q. What is 1/0?
Ans. It can’t be defined.
QUESTIONS BASED ON THERMO-DYNAMICS
Basic of engines starts right from thermodynamics so this subject
is considered as one of the basic subjects for the engines.
Cadets are advice to go through this subject and build the basic
foundation of engine with all the concept clear.
156Q. What are the three laws of thermodynamics?
Ans. The first law, also known as The Law of Conservation of
Energy, states that energy cannot be created nor be destroyed.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of any
isolated system always increases.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system
approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute
zero.
157Q. Enthalpy and Entropy are functions of a single parameter.
What is that?
Ans. Temperature.
158Q. What is the Zeroth law of Thermodynamics?
Ans. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if there are two
thermodynamic systems, each in thermal equilibrium with a third one,
then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
159Q. What do you understand by Charles law, Boyle’s law and
Gay-Lussac's law?
Ans. Charles Law –The volume of a given mass of a perfect gas
varies directly as its absolute temperature when the absolute pressure
remains constant.
Boyle’s Law –The absolute pressure of a given mass of a perfect gas
varies inversely to its volume when the temperature remains constant.
Gay-Lussac's law– The absolute pressure of a given mass of a perfect
gas varies directly as its absolute temperature, when the volume
remains constant.
160Q. What is joule’s law?
Ans. It states that “The change of internal energy of a perfect gas is
directly proportional to the change of temperature”.
161Q. What is the difference between 2-stroke and 4-stroke
engine?
Ans. The difference between 2-stroke and 4-stroke engine can be
understood by the below given table.
S. No.
Two Stroke Engine Four Stroke Engine
It has one revolution of crankshaft within It has two revolution of crankshaft between
1. one power stroke. one power strokes.
It can generate high torque compare to 4 It generates less torque due to 2 revolution
2. strokes engine. of crankshaft between one power strokes.
3. It used port to inlet and outlet of fuel. It used valve to inlet and outlet.
2 stroke engines require lighter flywheel
compare to other engines because it It requires heavy flywheel because it
generates more balanced force due to one generates unbalance force due to two
4. revolution for one power stroke. revolutions for one power stroke.
The charge is partially burn and mix with In four stroke engine charge is fully burn
the burn gases during inlet. It is due to and does not mix with burn charge in ideal
5. port mechanism. condition.
Easy lubrication due to lubrication oil mix
6. with the fuel. Comparatively complicated lubrication.
More lubricating oil requires because
7. some oil burns with fuel. Comparatively less lubricating oil requires.
8. These engines give less thermal efficiency. These engines give more thermal efficiency.
It has high power to weight ratio compare 4 stroke engines have less power to weight
9. to others. ratio.
10. It creates more noise. It is less noisy.
Two stroke engines are less efficient and Four stroke engines are more efficient and
11. generate more smoke. generate less smoke.
These engines are expansive due to valve
12. These engines are comparatively cheaper. and lubrication mechanism.
These engines are comparatively hard to
13. These engines are easy to manufacture. manufacture.
These engines are comparatively heavier
than 2 strokes due to heavy flywheel and
14. These engines are generally lighter. valve mechanism.
 These are mostly used in ships, scooters These engines mostly used in car, truck,
15. etc. and other automobiles.
Due to poor lubrication more wear and
16. tear occurs Less wear and tear occur.

162Q. What do you mean by flash and fire point?

Ans. Flash point – Flash point is the minimum temperature at which
the oil/fuel gives enough vapour to form inflammable mixture with air
and which ignites momentarily upon the application of test flame.
Fire Point - is the lowest temperature at which the oil/ vapour gives
off enough vapour which ignites and burns continuously for at least 5
seconds upon the application of test flame.
163Q. What is the flash and fire point of diesel oil?
Ans. Flash point of Diesel Oil is ranging between 52oC to 96oC and
the fire point of diesel oil is assumed to 10oC higher than flash point.
164Q. What is a pump?
Ans. Pump is a mechanical device which converts mechanical energy
of the fluid to hydraulic energy.
165Q. What are the various types of pumps?
Ans. The below table will clear your all doubts regarding the type of
pumps.
166Q. Do all pumps require priming?
Ans. No. Positive displacement pumps does not require priming.
167Q. What is priming?
Ans. Priming is basically filling the water inside the casing of pump
in order to remove the vapours and gases from the suction pipe and
the casing.
168Q. Does centrifugal pump require priming?
Ans. Yes centrifugal pump requires priming.
169Q. What is turbine?
Ans. Turbine is a mechanical device which converts hydraulic energy
of a fluid to the mechanical energy.
170Q. What is the use of Governor in Engines?
Ans. Governor is a mechanical device which is used to regulate the
mean speed of the engine, when there are variations in the load. When
load on the engine varies, the configuration of the governor changes
and it controls the supply of the fuel to the engine.
171Q. What is a flywheel?
Ans. The function of the flywheel in an engine is to store rotational
energy and smoothen out the vibration and rotation of the crankshaft.
It stores excess of rotational energy from the power stroke and
supplies it back during non- power strokes of the cycle. So, energy is
stored in flywheel as rotational kinetic energy.
172Q. Diesel engines are also known as?
Ans. Compression ignition engine.
173Q. In a four-stroke cycle, the minimum temperature inside the
engine cylinder occurs at the?
Ans. Beginning of suction stroke.
174Q. What do you understand by a boiler?
Ans. A boiler is a closed vessel in which water is heated and
converted into steam. The produced steam is then used for various
purposes on the ship.
175Q. Boiler is which type of system – Closed system or open
system?
Ans. Boiler is a closed system.
176Q. What is Carnot cycle?
Ans. The Carnot cycle consists of the following four processes:
- A reversible isothermal gas expansion process. In this process,
the ideal gas in the system absorbs qin amount heat from a heat
source at a high temperature Th, expands and does work on
surroundings.
- A reversible adiabatic gas expansion process. In this process, the
system is thermally insulated. The gas continues to expand and
do work on surroundings, which causes the system to cool to a
lower temperature, Tl.
 - A reversible isothermal gas compression process. In this
process, surroundings do work to the gas at Tl, and causes a loss
of heat, qout.
- A reversible adiabatic gas compression process. In this process,
the system is thermally insulated. Surroundings continue to do
work to the gas, which causes the temperature to rise back to Th.

177Q. What is Carnot engine?

Ans. Carnot Engine is a type of engine that works on Carnot Cycle
which is a reversible cycle. It can be said as an IDEAL ENGINE
where efficiency is maximum. It is used to study real engines
(efficiency < 1) and observe their Thermodynamic properties.
178Q. What happens if we use diesel in a petrol engine and vice
versa?
Ans. Each and every Engine Components are designed in a specific
way and manner to fulfil the requirements and getting the required
results, so that’s why we don’t use Diesel in petrol engines and vice
versa, otherwise it will cause many damages to the engine.
Case – I
Diesel in petrol
Result- Combustion process will not take place.
-Diesel is more viscous and it is less-volatile than the petrol. The air
fuel mixture is a homogenous mixture. Also, Diesel fuel requires
higher compression ratio so if you will use Diesel in petrol engine, it
will not Start combustion process. If maybe it is started then also you
will not able to achieve the required speed. It will rotate very slowly.
That power will not be sufficient to drive the vehicle.
It will damage the Engine components and it will affect the Engine
performance.
Case – II
Petrol in Diesel
Result- It will cause Abnormal Combustion.
The combustion process will work normally until the temperature of
cylinder will increase more than its normal set values, then due to
detonation phenomenon, the mixture will start firing before the top
dead centre. It will cause the abnormal Combustion and Ash particles,
carbon particles will damage the piston and the piston can get stuck
also.
If piston gets stuck then there is only one option and that is to
complete overhauling to repair the engine.
Strict warning
It is okay to use Diesel in Petrol engine because this will not start
Combustion process.
But it is too dangerous to use Petrol in a Diesel engine because
already Petrol is highly inflammable and compression ratio of Diesel
engine is more than the petrol engine. So, it will cause major damage
to Engine components like Crank shaft, pistons, connecting rod,
Cylinder bores.
179Q. What do you understand by refrigeration cycle?
Ans. It consists of four basic components namely Evaporator,
Compressor, Condenser and Expander/Expansion valve.
- Liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator and it absorbs heat Q L from
the body or space which is to be cooled, by absorbing the heat it gets
evaporated.
- Therefore, change of state occurs from the liquid to vapor which is
an isothermal process.
- Refrigerant in vapor form goes to the compressor which compresses
the vapor to the suitable condensing pressure and hence at this
pressure, refrigerant in vapor state is supplied to condenser.
- Condenser is a device which cools the vapor refrigerant and
condensation of the refrigerant took place.
- The liquid form by the process of condensation is at high pressure,
this high pressure is reduced in expander and the liquid refrigerant
after reducing pressure to the normal pressure is supplied to
evaporator again and thus the cycle repeats.
180Q. What is viscosity?
Ans. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. It
decreases (thins) with increasing temperature and increases (or
thickens) with decreased temperature.
181Q. What is dew point?
Ans. The atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and
humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can
form.
182Q. What do you understand by critical point?
Ans. A point on a phase diagram at which both the liquid and gas
phases of a substance have the same density, and are therefore
indistinguishable.
183Q. Which type of engine is used in Motor cycle?
Ans. In general, motorcycles are incorporated with 4-stroke engine.
184Q. What is carburettor?
Ans. It is a device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is
vaporised and mixed with air prior to ignition.
185Q. In which type of engine carburettor is present?
Ans. Petrol Engines are having carburettor.
186Q. Is it impossible to make an engine working on a Carnot
cycle?
Ans. Yes.
187Q. One kilowatt is equal to?
Ans. 1000 N-m/s.
188Q. Why do we calculate Coefficient of Performance (COP) in
refrigerator while we calculate efficiency in Engine?
Ans. In case of an engine, the performance is measured in terms of
efficiency because it produces useful work whereas in case of
refrigerator, the performance is measured in terms of Coefficient of
Performance (COP) because refrigerator consumes work or work is
supplied to the refrigerator.
189Q. What do you understand by 1Ton of refrigeration?
Ans. It can be defined as the amount of heat absorbed by the one ton
of ice to melt in 24 hours is known as one ton of refrigeration.
190Q. What is unit of refrigeration?
Ans. A refrigeration ton is approximately equivalent to 12,000 British
thermal unit/hour or 3.5 kW.
191Q. A cycle consisting of one constant pressure, one constant
volume and two isentropic processes is known as?
Ans. Diesel cycle.
192Q. What are the differences between Otto cycle and Diesel
cycle?
Ans. Differences between Otto cycle and Diesel cycle are given
below -

193Q. For the same maximum pressure and temperature Diesel

cycle is more efficient than Otto cycle. Is this sentence correct?
Ans. Yes, it is correct.
194Q. The entropy of the universe is continually on the increase
or decrease?
Ans. The entropy of the universe is continually on the increase.
195Q. A cycle consisting of two isothermal and two isentropic
processes, is known as?
Ans. Carnot cycle.
196Q. When wood is heated with a limited supply of air to a
temperature not less than 280°C, the resulting fuel is?
Ans. wood charcoal.
197Q. What is Heat Pump?
Ans. It is a device that transfers heat from a colder area to a hotter
area by using mechanical energy.
198Q. How many joules are there in one calorie?
Ans. 4.186 Joules.
199Q. What do we call the process taking place at constant
pressure?
Ans. Isobaric.
200Q. What do we call the process taking place at constant
temperature?
Ans. Isothermal.
QUESTIONS BASED ON WORKSHOP
Cadets should have an adequate knowledge of Machining equipments
and welding equipments before going for an actual interview.
Machining equipments – Types of lathe machine, accessories with
relevance of lathe, various machineries like drilling machine, shaping
machine and any other machines which you have in your workshop
with their relevance. Types of motors and their ratings which is use to
drive the belt of lathe machine
Welding equipments – Types of welding rods, which type of welding
machine is used in your workshop and its relevance, should have
basic knowledge of almost all types of weldings and their uses.
201Q. Surface plate is used to check what?
Ans. Trueness of flat surfaces.
202Q. Which type of file would you use for the wood-work?
Ans. Rasp-cut file.
203Q. In arc welding, the electric arc is produced between the
work and the electrode by?
Ans. Contact Resistance.
204Q. Which welding process uses non-consumable electrodes?
Ans. TIG welding.
205Q. What are the different types of lathe machines?
Ans. As per the requirement of the work, the different types of lathe
machines are speed lathe, centre lathe. Bench lathe, toolroom lathe,
capstan & turret lathe, special purpose lathe, automatic lathe/copy
turning lathe, automats laths and CNC lathe.
206Q. What is a function of Lathe Machine?
Ans. The main function of lathe machine is to remove metal from a
piece of work to give it a required shape and size. This is
accomplished by holding the work piece securely and rigidly on the
machine and then turning it against cutting tool which will remove,
metal from the work piece in the form of chips.
To cut the material properly the tool should be harder than the
material of the workpiece. It should be rigidly held on the machine
and should be fed or progressed in a definite way relative to the work
piece.
207Q. What are the different parts of lathe machine?
Ans. Lathe machine consists of different parts such as Bed,
Headstock, Tailstock, Carriage, Feed mechanism and Screw cutting
mechanism.
208Q. What are the different cutting tool materials?
Ans. Tool steels, High speed steel, cobalt, carbides, ceramics, cubic
boron nitride and industrial diamond are the different cutting tool
materials.
209Q. What are the different operations which are performed on
the lathe machine?
Ans. The different operations which are performed on the lathe
machine are straight turning, shoulder turning, chamfering, thread
cutting, facing, knurling, filing, taper turning, eccentric turning,
polishing, grooving, spinning, spring winding, forming, drilling,
reaming, boring, counterboring, taper boring, internal thread cutting,
under cutting, parting off and tapping.
210Q. How would you define welding?
Ans. Welding may be defined as the process of joining metals by the
application of heat, or with the application of pressure and filler metal
which results in continuity of homogeneous material.
211Q. What are the personal protections the one should take
during the welding?
Ans. The personnel protections the one should take during the
welding are protection against burns, protection against ultraviolet
light, protection against flying chips and the general body protection.
212Q. What are the different Arc welding equipments?
Ans. The different Arc welding equipments are AC or DC machine,
electrodes, electrode holder, cables and connectors, cable lugs,
chipping hammer, earthing clamps, wire brush, helmet, safety
goggles, hand goggles and boiler suit.
213Q. What are the common welding defects?
Ans. The common welding defects are lack of fusion, lack of
penetration, excess penetration, porosity, inclusions, cracking,
undercut and lamellar tearing.
214Q. What are the different types of welding?
Ans. Arc welding, submerged arc welding, Tungsten inert gas
welding, Metal inert welding, Resistance welding, Seam welding,
Butt welding, Flash welding, projection welding, braze welding,
soldering, ultrasonic welding, friction welding, oxy-acetylene
welding, electro-slag welding and atomic hydrogen welding are the
different types of welding.
215Q. What is the function of bed in lathe machine?
Ans. It provides a good support to damp the vibration and generally it
is made of cast iron.
216Q. What are the different types of hammer?
Ans. Claw Hammer, Ball Peen hammer, Cross and Straight Peen
hammer, Club Hammer, Sledge Hammer and Joiner's Mallet are the
common type of hammers.
217Q. What are the different types of welding joints?
Ans. Tee joints, Edge joint, Corner joints, Lap joints and Butt joint
are basic types of the welding joints.
218Q. What are the different types of flames in oxy-acetylene
welding?
Ans. Neutral Flame, Carbonizing flame and oxidising flame are the
different types of flames in oxy-acetylene welding.
219Q. Which type of fuel is used in welding?
Ans. Acetylene is a gas fuel which is used in oxy-acetylene welding.
220Q. What is the purest form of iron?
Ans. Wrought Iron.
221Q. What is Different Between Gate Valve and Globe Valve?
Ans. Gate valve is non-regulator type of valve means full close or
fully open positions only, while globe valve is regulator.
222Q. What is O ring?
Ans. It is a gasket or seal in the form of a ring with a circular cross
section, typically made of rubber and used especially in swivelling
joints.

223Q. In arc welding, the temperature of heat produced by the

electric arc is of the order of?
Ans. 6000° C to 7000° C.
224Q. In TIG arc welding, the welding zone is shielded by an
atmosphere of?
Ans. Helium gas or Argon gas.
225Q. The electrodes used in spot welding have a tip of?
Ans. Copper.
QUESTIONS BASED ON BASIC ELECTRICAL
Cadets who are going to appear for the interview should have
basic knowledge of AC motor, Alternator, Synchronous motor,
AC generator or Alternator, DC motor, DC generator, Basic
knowledge of paralleling of alternators and its relevance.
Electrical is one of the favourite subjects of interviewer.
Nowadays the duties of Electrical officer are also done by the
Marine Engineer and that is why interviewers are more focused
about this particular subject.
226Q. Rectifiers are used to convert?
Ans. Alternating current to Direct current.
227Q. What is Alternating Current?
Ans. Alternating Current is an electric current that reverses its
direction many times in a second at regular intervals.
228Q. What is frequency of AC in India?
Ans. 50 Hz.
229Q. Can DC supply be used for transformer?
Ans. No. If you apply DC to it, there won’t be varying magnetic flux,
so since there is no change in magnetic flux linking to the coil, emf is
not induced on the secondary.
230Q. What are the differences between DC and AC?
Ans. Following are the differences between DC and AC supply –
231Q. What do you understand by synchronous speed in
induction motor?
Ans. In induction motor, synchronous speed is the speed at which the
magnetic field rotates.
232Q. What Squirrel-cage induction motor consists of?
Ans. It consists of a cylinder of steel laminations, with aluminium or
copper conductors embedded in its surface. The rotor winding has
current induced in it by the stator field, and produces its own
magnetic field.
233Q. Does speed of 3-phase induction motor is equal to the
synchronous motor?
Ans. No. Speed of the rotor of an induction motor is always less than
its synchronous speed.
234Q. What is importance of slip in induction motor?
Ans. Slip creates a relative speed between the RMF (Rotating
magnetic field) and rotor. That keeps a torque continuously acting on
it when the motor is running. If there is no slip then the rotor will not
rotate because this rotor is accepted as stationary conductor as long as
it rotates less than the speed of RMF, once it reaches the speed of
RMF that is (N=Ns) the emf is not induced and thus the speed of rotor
decreases. Again, the rotor tries to pick up the speed of RMF and the
same thing repeats.
235Q. If the 3-phase induction motor is standstill then the value of
slip will be?
Ans. Maximum i.e. 1.
236Q. What is slip in case of 3-phase induction motor and how to
find percentage slip?
Ans. Slip can be defined as the difference between the synchronous
speed (Ns) and the rotor speed (N).
Percentage slip is given below-

237Q. What is Fleming’s left-hand rule and where it is

applicable?
Ans. The direction of force, magnetic field and current acting on the
current carrying conductor can be found out using Fleming's Left-
hand Rule. Stretch the thumb, forefinger and the middle finger of your
left hand in such a way that they are perpendicular to each other.
Thumb will show the direction of force or thrust, forefinger will show
the direction of magnetic field and middle finger will show the
direction of current in a conductor.
Fleming’s left-hand rule is applicable for Motors.

238Q. What is Fleming’s Right-hand rule and where it is

applicable?
Ans. This rule states "Hold out the right hand with the first finger,
second finger and thumb at the right angle to each other. Then
forefinger represents the direction of the line of force, the thumb
points in the direction of motion or applied force, then second finger
points in the direction of the induced current.
Fleming Right-hand rule is applicable for the generators.

239Q. What battery consists of – AC or DC?

Ans. Only DC batteries are possible.
240Q. Can we store AC voltages in batteries or Do we have AC
batteries?
Ans. We can store DC voltage because the voltage can complete the
circuit properly in a battery. i.e. from positive to negative. But in
order to store AC in a battery, the battery terminals must change at the
frequency of the AC voltage and which is not possible. i.e. Polarity of
AC voltages constantly changes that is why we can’t store the AC
voltages. That is in the end there will be zero charge in the battery.
241Q. How does turning a key start a car?
Ans. To make an engine start it must be turned at some speed, so that
it sucks fuel and air into the cylinders, and compresses it. The starter
motor spins this small gear which is connected to the gear spins the
ring gear, and the crankshaft starts to turn.
242Q. Why do we use DOL starter in 3 phase induction motor?
Ans. To prevent damage to the windings due to the high starting
current flow. We employ different types of starters. The simplest form
of motor starter for the induction motor is Direct Online Starter
(DOL).
The DOL starter consist of circuit breaker, contactor and an overload
relay for protection.
243Q. What do you understand by Kirchhoff’s Voltage law and
Kirchhoff’s current law?
Ans. Kirchhoff’s voltage law states that for a closed loop series path
the algebraic sum of all the voltages around any closed loop in a
circuit is equal to zero.
Or
Kirchhoff’s voltage law states that the sum of the electromotive force
and the voltage drops in a closed circuit remains zero.
Kirchhoff’s current law states that the algebraic sum of all currents
entering and exiting a node must equal zero.” This law is used to
describe how a charge enters and leaves a wire junction point or node
on a wire.
244Q. Why exciter is used in an alternator?
Ans. The main purpose of an exciter in a generator(alternator) is to
provide a steady magnetic field which becomes a rotating output
which is used to induce the EMF in the armature coil. The rotor is a
rotating electromagnet that requires a DC (Direct Current) electric
power source to excite the magnetic field.
245Q. Which lamp Cannot sustain much voltage fluctuations –
Incandescent or Fluorescent or mercury vapor lamp?
Ans. Incandescent.
246Q. What do you understand by permittivity? What is the
permittivity of free space?
Ans. Permittivity is the measure of a material's ability to store an
electric field in the polarization of the medium.
The SI unit for permittivity is farad per meter.
Permittivity of free space is 8.85×10−12 F/m.
247Q. Define permeability?
Ans. Permeability is a quantity measuring the influence of a substance
on the magnetic flux in the region it occupies.
The SI unit for permeability is Henries per meter.
248Q. What is capacitor?
Ans. Capacitor is a device used to store an electric charge, consisting
of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator.
249Q. which type of motor is used in ceiling fan?
Ans. Single phase induction motor is used in ceiling fan which are
single phase permanent capacitor, capacitor start capacitor run and
shaded pole motor.
250Q. Why single-phase induction motors are not self-starting?
Ans. Single phase induction motor has distributed stator winding and
a squirrel-cage rotor. When fed from a single-phase supply, its stator
winding produces a flux (or field) which is only alternating i.e. one
which alternates along one space axis only. It is not a synchronously
revolving (or rotating) flux as in the case of a two or a three-phase
stator winding fed from a 2 of 3 phase supply. Now, an alternating or
pulsating flux acting on a stationary squirrel-cage rotor cannot
produce rotation (only a revolving flux can produce rotation). That is
why a single-phase motor is not self-starting.
251Q. How can we make single phase induction motor self-
starting?
Ans. To make it self-starting, it can be temporarily converted into a
two-phase motor while starting. This can be achieved by introducing
an additional 'starting winding' also called as auxiliary winding.
Hence, stator of a single-phase motor has two windings: (i) Main
winding and (ii) Starting winding (auxiliary-winding).
252Q. By looking at which part of the motor it can be easily
confirmed that a particular motor is D.C motor?
Ans. Commutator.
253Q. Conductance is reciprocal of what?
Ans. Resistance.
254Q. Bulb in the street lighting are all connected in which
format – series or parallel?
Ans. We need to apply full rated supply voltage to all street lights. So,
the voltage should be same across the terminal of the light. If we
connect all the lights in parallel then the voltage across each bulb is
same. That is why all street lights are connected in parallel.
255Q. 1 Newton meter is equal to?
Ans. One joule.
256Q. What do you understand by Star and Delta Connection?
Ans. In STAR connection, the starting or finishing ends (Similar
ends) of three coils are connected together to form the neutral point. A
common wire is taken out from the neutral point which is called
Neutral.
In DELTA connection, the opposite ends of three coils are connected
together. In other words, the end of each coil is connected with the
start of another coil, and three wires are taken out from the coil joints.
No Neutral Point or star point in Delta Connection.

The speeds of Star connected motors are slow as they receive

1/√3voltage.The speeds of Delta connected motors are high because
each phase gets the total of line voltage
In Star Connection, the phase voltage is low as 1/√3 of the line
voltage, so, it needs low number of turns, hence, saving in copper. In
Delta connection, the phase voltage is equal to the line voltage, hence,
it needs more number of turns.
Low insulation required as phase voltage is low. Heavy insulation
required as Phase voltage = Line Voltage.
 In Power Transmission, Star Connection system is general and
typical to be used. In Power Distribution and industries, Delta
Connection is general and typical to be used.

Line Current is Equal to Phase Current. i.e.

IL = IPH in star connection.

Line Voltage is Equal to Phase Voltage. i.e.

VL = VPH in delta connection.

Line Voltage is √3 times of Phase Voltage. i.e.

VL = √3 VPH in star connection.

Line Current is √3 times of Phase Current. i.e.

IL = √3 IPH in delta connection.
257Q. Autotransformer makes effective saving on copper and
copper losses, when its transformation ratio is equal to?
Ans. Approximate to one.
258Q. Inside a hollow conducting sphere, the value of electric
current is?
Ans. Zero.
259Q. Length of the cable is doubled; its capacitance C will be?
Ans. Double.
260Q. DC machine is – Conduction machine or convention
machine?
Ans. DC machine has direct contact to conductor and controlling of
electric current through directly. Hence it is called as conduction
machine.
261Q. In DC generator, the electricity produced in armature is –
AC or DC?
Ans. In DC generators, varying conductor cuts the fixed magnetic
field then EMF will be induced that will be in the form of AC but not
DC.
262Q. Commutators in DC machines have a role of coverts?
Ans. AC to DC in case of DC generators and vice versa in DC
motors.
263Q. In a DC machine, which of these parameters remain the
same whether it runs as DC motor or DC generator?
Ans. Induced EMF. In case of a generator it is called as generated
EMF. In case of a motor it is called as Back EMF.
264Q. Which machine is used for the battery charging – DC series
generator or DC shunt generator?
Ans. DC shunt generator can be made to provide constant output
voltage that is why it is used for the battery charging.
265Q. The Polarity of a DC generator can be revered by what?
Ans. Revering the field current.
266Q. A winding is having number of slots is equal to number of
poles then this winding is called as?
Ans. Concentrated winding.
267Q. Which alternator is more suitable for high-speed system?
Ans. Non-Salient pole machine has high peripheral speed and
sufficient mechanical strength.
268Q. When two Alternator are operating in parallel and at
perfect synchronization, their synchronizing power will be equal
to?
Ans. Zero.
269Q. Why a stationary alternator must not be connected to live
bus bar?
Ans. The stationary alternator must not be connected to live bus bar
because the induced emf is zero at standstill and a short circuit will
result.
270Q. Why damper winding is used in synchronous machine?
Ans. Damper windings are provided to damp out oscillation. They
also help in starting as they form a cage winding.
271Q. What are the conditions need to be satisfied when you are
paralleling two alternators?
Ans. The phase sequence of the Busbar voltages and the incoming
machine voltage must be the same.
The Busbar voltages and the incoming machine terminal voltage must
be in phase.
The terminal voltage of the incoming machine and the alternator
which is to be connected in parallel or with the Busbar voltage should
be equal.
The frequency of the generated voltage of the incoming machine and
the frequency of the voltage of the Busbar should be equal.
272Q. Why rating of transformer is expressed in KVA?
Ans. Copper losses (I²R) depends on current which passing through
transformer winding while Iron losses or core losses or Insulation
losses depends on Voltage. That's why the transformer rating may be
expressed in VA or kVA, not in W or kW.
273Q. What do you understand by power triangle?
Ans. Real/True power is represented as a horizontal vector and
reactive power is represented as a vertical vector. The apparent power
vector is the hypotenuse of a right triangle formed by connecting the
real and reactive power vectors. This representation is often called the
power triangle.
True Power - The actual amount of power being used, or dissipated,
in a circuit is called true power, and it is measured in watts
(symbolized by the capital letter P, as always).
Apparent Power - The combination of reactive power and true power
is called apparent power, and it is the product of a circuit’s voltage
and current, without reference to phase angle. Apparent power is
measured in the unit of Volt-Amps (VA) and is symbolized by the
capital letter S.
Reactive power - The dissipated power resulting from inductive and
capacitive loads measured in volt-amperes reactive (VAR) and it is
denoted by Q.

274Q. What are the different methods for

synchronizing/paralleling of alternators?
Ans. A dark lamp method, Synchro-scope, Three Bright Lamp
Method and Two Bright One Dark Lamp Method.
275Q. What is rheostat?
Ans. It is an electrical instrument used to control a current by varying
the resistance.
276Q. Define impedance?
Ans. The effective resistance of an electric circuit or component to
alternating current, arising from the combined effects of ohmic
resistance and reactance.
277Q. What is power factor?
Ans. Power factor is the ratio of the actual electrical power dissipated
by an AC circuit to the product of the RMS values of current and
voltage.
278Q. What is the main purpose of earthing?
Ans. Earthing is used to protect you from an electric shock. It does
this by providing a path (a protective conductor) for a fault current to
flow to earth.
279Q. What is the purpose of big hole in an electric plug?
Ans. This is connected to the earth pin. This is used when the
appliance has a metal casing to take any current away, in case if the
live wire comes in contact with the casing.
280Q. What is magnetizing current in transformer?
Ans. The current that flows through the primary winding of a power
transformer when no loads are connected to the secondary winding;
this current establishes the magnetic field in the core and furnishes
energy for the no-load power losses in the core. Also known as
exciting current.
281Q. What is transformer? What is working principle of
transformer?
Ans. Transformer is static electromagnetic device, which is used to
either step up or step down the voltage levels by keeping power,
frequency and flux as constant.
A transformer consists of two electrically isolated coils and operates
on Faraday's principal of “mutual induction”, in which an EMF is
induced in the transformers secondary coil by the magnetic flux
generated by the voltages and currents flowing in the primary coil
winding.
282Q. How would you define safe voltage?
Ans. 50 VAC or 120 VDC is considered the danger limit, take these
as guidelines as the limits will change with humidity and other
environmental factors. So, we can say that the voltage less than
50VAC or 120VDC is generally considered as a safe voltage.
283Q. What do you understand by Auto Transformer?
Ans. An Auto-transformer is an electrical transformer with only one
winding. In an autotransformer, portions of the same winding act as
both the primary and secondary sides of the transformer.
284Q. What do you understand by Eddy Current?
Ans. Eddy Current is a localized electric current induced in a
conductor by a varying magnetic field.
285Q. Which is readily available DC source on ship?
Ans. Batteries are readily available DC source on ship.
286Q. What is a single-phase Autotransformer?
Ans. A Single-phase autotransformer is a single winding transformer
in which a part of the winding is common to both high-voltage and
low-voltage sides.
287Q. What is the general system requirement of Alternator?
Ans. The Magnetic system is required for the production of the
magnetic field.
Armature system is required for the houses of conductors on which
the EMF is to be induced.
288Q. What are the advantages of Stationary Armature and
Rotating Field System in case of an alternator?
Ans. The advantages of the stationary armature and rotating field
system are as follows:
• The coils of the stationary armature can be insulated easily.
• The cooling of the winding is more efficient.
• In the motor high peripheral speed can be achieved.
• In this Slip rings and brushes are not necessary, and we can
easily supply the output current to the load circuit.
289Q. What is meant by Turbo Alternators?
Ans. High-speed alternators are called Turbo Alternators. Because of
the high speed of rotation, the diameter of the rotor is reduced, and the
axial length is increased. Steam turbines are used as prime movers.

290Q. What are the various types of Rotor used in the

Alternators?

Ans. The various types of a rotor are:

1.) Salient pole Rotor.

2.) Squirrel Cage Rotor.
3.) Wound Rotor.
4.) Cylindrical Rotor.

291Q. What is the Universal motor?

Ans. The motor which is designed to operate on AC and DC power

both is known as Universal motor or Series-wound motor.
QUESTIONS BASED ON BASIC MARINE
Here comes the most important part of the interview i.e. Basic
marine engineering related questions. Although at this stage cadet
should have the basic knowledge of ship and its machineries.
Marine based questions are asked to check the learning potential
of cadets towards their profession.
292Q. Which type of engine is used for the propulsion of the ship?
Ans. It completely depends on the type of ship. Either the ship can
have 2-Stroke Marine Diesel or 4-Stroke Marine Diesel engine.
In general, all large ocean-going vessel have 2-Stroke marine diesel
engine and mostly small ships are having 4-stroke marine diesel
engine.
It should be noted that passenger vessel has 4-stroke engine because
of the less headroom available.
293Q. Which is the port and starboard side of the ship and by
which colour these sides are generally represented?
Ans. While looking forward of the ship, port side is left side and
starboard side is right side. Port side is represented by red colour and
starboard side is represented by green colour.
294Q. Is there any difference between watertight door and
weather tight door?
Ans. Yes there is a difference between watertight door and
weathertight door.
Weathertight door is directly exposed to the weather and serves the
duty to secure the area from wind and water. Accommodation
entrance door and hatch covers on bulk carrier are the example of
weathertight door.
Watertight door is not directly exposed to the weather and serves the
duty to secure the area from water. Engine room doors are generally
watertight doors.
295Q. In case of 2-Stroke engine and 4-Stroke engine what is the
speed ratio of camshaft to crankshaft?
Ans.A camshaft of a four-stroke engine runs at ½ of the crankshaft
speed. Camshaft to crankshaft speed ratio is 1:2.
A camshaft of a two-stroke engine runs at same speed as of the
crankshaft. Camshaft to crankshaft speed ratio is 1:1.
296Q. Where is the gudgeon pin connected in the engine?
Ans. Gudgeon pin is connected in 4-stroke engine only. It connects
piston and the connecting rod.
297Q. Where is the crank pin connected in the engine?
Ans. Crank pin is connected between the connecting rod and
crankshaft.
298Q. Does 4-stroke engine consists of crosshead?
Ans. No.
299Q. Where does crosshead is connected in engine?
Ans. Crosshead is connected in between piston rod and connecting
rod in case of a 2-stroke engine.
300Q. What are the types of merchant naval ship?
Ans. Container ship, Oil tanker ship, Chemical Ship, Bulk carrier,
General cargo ship, LNG/CNG/LPG carrier and Roll-On/Roll-Off
vessel.
301Q. What is cofferdam?
Ans. A void or empty compartment is provided between the tanks to
prevent two different liquids from mixing with each other and this
space is known as cofferdam.
302Q. What is OWS on ship?
Ans. OWS stands for Oily Water Separator. An OWS is a piece of
equipment specific on ship and it is used to separate oil and water
mixtures into their separate components.
303Q. What are the six degrees of motion of ship?
Ans.A ship at sea moves in six degrees of motion: heave, sway, surge,
roll, pitch and yaw. The first three are linear motions. Heaving is the
linear motion along the vertical Z-axis, swaying is the motion along
the transverse Y-axis, and surging is the motion along the longitudinal
X-axis. Rolling is a rotation around a longitudinal axis, pitching is a
rotation around the transverse axis and yawing is a rotation around the
vertical axis.

304Q. What are the different types of fuel oil used on ship?
Ans. Marine Gas Oil (MGO), Marine Diesel Oil (MDO), Heavy Fuel
Oil (HFO), Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO) and Ultra Low Sulphur
Fuel Oil (ULSFO) are the different types of fuel oil use on ship.
305Q. Which side of the Pump is fitted with filter and strainer?
Ans. Filter is fitted to the discharge side of the pump while strainer is
connected to the suction side.
Duties of both are same. i.e. to restrict an entry of foreign particles
into the system but generally strainer avoid the entry of foreign
particles to the pump and filter avoid the entry of minute particles in
the system.
306Q. What is bilge keel?
Ans. A bilge keel is used to reduce a ship's tendency to roll. Bilge
keels are employed in pairs (one for each side of the ship). Bilge keels
increase hydrodynamic resistance to rolling, making the ship roll less.
307Q. What do you understand by knot? Speed of ship is
measured in which unit?
Ans. Speed of ship is measured in knot. The knot is a unit of speed
equal to one nautical mile per hour, exactly 1.852 km/h.
308Q. What is collision bulkhead?
Ans. The first watertight bulkhead in the forward part of a ship
designed to keep out water in the event of a collision.
309Q. In modern merchant vessel where the engine room of ship
is located – Forward or stern of the ship?
Ans. Generally, engine room is located in the stern of the ship.
310Q. What do you mean by watertight bulkhead?
Ans. Watertight bulkheads are boundaries of any watertight space
which includes the bulkheads of deep tanks. Their purpose is to sub-
divide the ship into smaller watertight compartments to prevent
complete flooding in case of damage.
311Q. What is stroke length in engine?
Ans. The stroke length is how far the piston travels in the cylinder.
i.e. the distance between top dead centre to bottom dead centre.
312Q. What MARPOL stands for?
Ans. MARPOL stands for Marine Pollution. There are six annexes in
MARPOL. Four proposal of MARPOL annexes are still in queue.
313Q. What are the different types of MARPOL annexes?
Ans. The MARPOL Convention includes regulations aimed at
preventing and minimizing pollution from ships - both accidental
pollution and that from routine operations - and currently includes six
technical Annexes.
1. Annex I Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil (entered
into force 2 October 1983).
2. Annex II Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious
Liquid Substances in Bulk (entered into force 2 October 1983).
3. Annex III Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried
by Sea in Packaged Form (entered into force 1 July 1992).
4. Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships (entered
into force 27 September 2003).
5. Annex V Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships (entered
into force 31 December 1988).
6. Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships (entered into
force 19 May 2005).
New proposed MARPOL annexes are -
Annex VII International conventions for preventing pollution from
ships by ballast water.
Annex VIII Regulation for prevention of pollution by antifouling
paints from ships.
Annex IX Regulation for prevention of pollution by noise from the
Ship.
Annex X Regulation for the prevention of pollution by vibration of
the ship.
314Q. What is Air compressor?
Ans. An air compressor is a device that compresses the air at low
pressure and delivers at high pressure to the storage tank (air bottle)
and later this compressed air can be used for various purposes.
315Q. What is turbocharger?
Ans. It consists of turbine and compressor and both are mounted on
same shaft. It uses the exhaust gas of the engine to drive a turbine and
eventually this spins compressor and that pushes extra air (and
oxygen) into the cylinders, allowing them to burn more fuel.
316Q. What are the various machineries in Engine Room?
Ans. Engine Room of a modern merchant naval ship consists of a lot
of machineries like Main Engine, Auxiliary Engine/ Generator,
Purifiers, pumps, Fresh water generator, Heat Exchangers, Air
compressors, Main Boiler, Auxiliary Boiler, etc
317Q. In which Type of Ship COPT (Cargo Oil Pump Turbine) is
required?
Ans. It is required in Oil tanker for loading and discharging the cargo
oil from the ship.
318Q. What does NPSH stand?
Ans. NPSH stands for Net Positive Suction Head.
319Q. What is NPSH available and NPSH required?
Ans. NPSH Available (NPSHA): The absolute pressure at the suction
port of the pump.
NPSH Required (NPSHR): The minimum pressure required at the
suction port of the pump to keep the pump from cavitating.
320Q. On which cycle marine diesel engine works?
Ans. Marine Diesel engine works on Dual cycle.
321Q. Why lifeboat is provided on ships?
Ans. Lifeboat is provided on ships so that if there is any kind of
emergency, we can board the lifeboat and abandon the ship.
322Q. What is duct Keel?
Ans. The duct keel is a tunnel that runs along the keel. This tunnel is
designed for people to pass through it doing inspection on various
pipelines.
323Q. What do you understand by swept volume and clearance
volume of an engine?
Ans. It is the volume swept by the piston in moving between TDC to
BDC while the clearance volume is volume contained in the cylinder,
above the top of the piston when the piston is at TDC.
324Q. Total volume of the engine is a sum of?
Ans. Total volume of the engine is sum of swept volume and
clearance volume.
325Q. What do you understand by camless engines?
Ans. The engines which do not have camshaft (Cam & Follower) to
operate various valves are known as camless engines. Nowadays we
are using automation to operate the various valves of the Engine.
326Q. What is approximate length of anchor chain?
Ans. Generally, length of anchor cables is between 2–2.5 times the
length of the ship i.e. the approximate length of anchor chain is
around 10-15 shackle.
327Q. How many feet/meters are there is 1 shackle?
Ans. 1 shackle is equal to 90 feet or 27.4m.
328Q. What do you understand by UMS Ships?
Ans. UMS stands for Unmanned Machinery Space. Nowadays
Modern ships are UMS class i.e. the machinery space (Engine Room)
is left Unmanned for the certain time period. UMS ships are boon
given by the automations.
329Q. What is PPM?
Ans. PPM stands for Parts per million.
330Q. What is Auxiliary Engine on ship?
Ans. Auxiliary Engine is a 4-Stroke Engine which is coupled with an
alternator in order to generate electricity onboard ship.
331Q. What is freeboard?
Ans. Freeboard is the height of a ship's side between the waterline and
the deck.
332Q. What is camber?
Ans. Camber is the rise of the deck from the ships side to the
centreline.
333Q. What is Heat Exchanger?
Ans. It is a device which is used to carry away the heat from various
liquids so that the temperature of various liquids can be maintained as
per the desired value.
334Q. Name the two major manufactures of Main Engine of ship?
Ans. Wartsila Sulzer and MAN B&W are two major manufactures of
Main Engines of ship.
335Q. What is TEU & FEU?
Ans. TEU stands for Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit and FEU stands
for Forty-Foot-Equivalent Unit. These both are terminology to define
the size of containers for a container ship.
336Q. What is another name of gudgeon pin?
Ans. Wrist Pin.
337Q. Which type of Engines are called as Trunk Piston Engines?
Ans. 4 stroke Engines.
338Q. What are mooring ropes?
Ans. Mooring ropes are used to secure the ship at jetty or to any other
ship.
QUESTIONS BASED ON SAFETY
Nowadays shipping companies are much concern about the safety of
personnel and cargo as well. So, they want to check the knowledge of
cadets by asking safety related question.
339Q. What do you understand by the PPE? Does it remain same
for all the jobs which are carried out on ship?
Ans. PPE stands for Personal Protective Equipments.
PPE used to protect the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes
and sparks etc. It is the barrier between hazard and person.
There are various types of PPE as per the assigned job hence PPE
does not remain same for all the jobs which are carried out on ship.
Below are the basic PPE which the one has to wear before entering to
the engine room of the ship.

340Q. Which type safety shoes the one has to wear before going to
operate/repair any electrical equipment?
Ans. Rubber type of safety shoes.
341Q. What do you understand by Man-overboard condition?
Ans. Man overboard condition may be defined as an emergency in
which a person has fallen off a boat or ship into the water.
342Q. How would you define your own safety?
Ans.“Safety means keeping yourself and others free from harm or
danger. It means taking care not to fall or bump or run into things. It
also means to avoid accidents by being careful with what you are
doing.”
343Q. What is the meaning of ‘Work at Height’?
Ans. In general any work above 2 meters from ground can be said as
‘work at height’.
344Q. What is Confined Space?
Ans.An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry
and exits or where a man cannot work comfortably in any location is
known as a confined space.
345Q. How would you define House Keeping?
Ans.House Keeping means not only cleanness but also include
orderly arrangement of operations, tools, equipments storage facilities
and suppliers.
346Q. What are the hazards in welding?
Ans. The common hazards in welding are Electric shock, Fumes and
gases, Fire and explosions and Injuries from insufficient PPE.
347Q. What do you understand by SOLAS?
Ans. SOLAS stands for Safety of Life at Sea. SOLAS is an
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea. It is an
international maritime treaty which sets minimum safety standards in
the construction, equipment and operation of merchant ships.
348Q. What is the full form of SCBA? What is this device for?
Ans. SCBA stands for ‘Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus’. Before
making an entry to any enclosed space on ship the personnel should
wear this SCBA. The SCBA used onboard ship is of the open circuit
type mostly. In this, the exhaled air is discharged to the atmosphere
while air from the cylinder is made available for inhalation.
349Q. What are the different types of fire extinguisher and in
which case fire these extinguishers are being used?
Ans. The below image is showing the type of fire extinguisher and
also showing in which type fire these extinguishers can be used.

350Q. What do you mean by fire triangle?

Ans. The Fire Triangle or Combustion Triangle or Fire Diamond
illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat, fuel, and an
oxidizing agent (usually oxygen). A fire naturally occurs when the
elements are present and combined in the right mixture.
351Q. How would you define piracy?
Ans.Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-
borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the
goal of stealing cargo and other valuable items or properties. Those
who engage in acts of piracy are called pirates.
352Q. What is the full form of EPIRB & SART?
Ans. EPIRB stands for Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon.
SART stands for Search and Rescue Transponder.
353Q. If you are in fire compartment what you will do first?
Ans. The first thing you should care about is your own safety by
judging the intensity of fire. If the intensity of fire is small, then go
for portable fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire otherwise evacuate
the compartment as soon as possible and inform the bridge/higher
authorities.
354Q. How many lifeboats are there on a merchant vessel.
Ans. In general, two life-saving boats are there on a merchant vessel.
One is on port side and another one is on starboard side of the ship.
One life-saving boat is lifeboat and another one is a rescue boat.
355Q. What is lifebuoy?
Ans. A buoyant support such as a lifebelt for keeping a person afloat
in water.
356Q. Do You Know What is Safety Tag?
Ans. Safety tag can be defined as a paper board on which warning
safety instructions are mentioned.
357Q. How would you define accident?
Ans. It is an unexpected or unplanned event which may or may not
result in injury or damage or property loss or death.
358Q. What do you understand by Risk assessment?
Ans. Risk assessment is systematic process of evaluating the potential
risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking.
359Q. What do you understand by MLC?
Ans. MLC stands for Maritime Labour Convention.
The Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (MLC) is an international
agreement of the International Labour Organisation (‘ILO’) which
sets out seafarers’ rights to decent conditions of work.
It is sometimes called the seafarers’ Bill of Rights. It applies to all
seafarers, including those with jobs in hotel and other passenger
services on cruise ships and commercial yachts
360Q. What is COC?
Ans. COC stands for Certificate of Competency. The certificate of
competency (COC) is a form of licence every mariner is granted to
work on ships. The certificate ensures that the concerned person has
the sufficient knowledge and skills to sail on ocean going vessels.
However, COC is not something that once awarded cannot be taken
back, cancelled, or suspended. Its validity is directly proportional to
the conduct and performance of a seafarer.
361Q. What classification society do in shipping?
Ans. A classification society (however called) is a non-governmental
organization that establishes and maintains technical standards for the
construction and operation of ships and offshore structures.
362Q. What is STCW?
Ans. STCW stands for Standards of Training, Certification and
Watchkeeping for Seafarers. The International Convention on
Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers,
1978 sets minimum qualification standards for masters, officers and
watch personnel on seagoing merchant ships and large yachts.
363Q. What are the basic courses of STCW?
Ans. Below are the basics courses of STCW.
- Personal Survival Techniques (PST)
- Personal Survival & Social Responsibilities (PSSR)
- Elementary First Aid (EFA)
- Fire prevention & fire fighting
- Security training for seafarers

364Q. What is IMO?

Ans. IMO stands for International Maritime Organisations which is a
regulating body which regulates the shipping industry.
365Q. Tell me some IMO convention?
Ans. Below are some IMO conventions -
- International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS),
1974, as amended
- International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships,
1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the
Protocol of 1997 (MARPOL)
- International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and
Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) as amended, including the 1995
and 2010 Manila Amendments.
-Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL),
1965
- International Convention on Load Lines (LL), 1966
- International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR),
1979
366Q. What are the four elements of fire tetrahedron?
Ans. Four elements of fire tetrahedron are oxygen, heat, fuel and
chemical chain reaction.
367Q. The maximum allowable weight of a portable fire
extinguisher is?
Ans. 23kgs.
368Q. Name Two Types of Fire Alarm Systems.
Ans. Manual and Automatic.
369Q. What Two Colours Are Generally Accepted for Danger
and Non-danger?
Ans. Red for danger and Green for non-danger.
370Q. Name the Elements that Comprise the Triangle of Fire?
Ans. Fuel, Heat, and Oxygen.
371Q. What Is Hazard?
Ans. Hazard is inherent property of a substance or an occurrence
which has potential to cause loss or damage property, person or
environment.
372Q. What do you understand by safety policy?
Ans. Any company has a social and legal obligation to provide a safe
and health working environment to all their improvement to all their
employees.
QUESTIONS BASED ON GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
Before going for an actual interview, cadets should have a basic
general knowledge and should be aware of the current maritime
happenings.
Below are some basic questions which have been asked in recent
various interviews.
373Q. What is capital of Denmark?
Ans.Copenhagen.
374Q. What is capital of Norway?
Ans. Oslo.
375Q. What is capital of Panama?
Ans. Panama City.
376Q. Which city of India is known as Blue city?
Ans. Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
377Q. Silicon Valley of India is?
Ans. Bengaluru, Karnataka.
378Q. Suez Canal connects which two seas?
Ans.Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
379Q. What two bodies of water do the Panama Canal connect?
Ans.It connects North Atlantic Ocean and South Pacific Ocean.
380Q. What is full form of GMT?
Ans.Greenwich Mean Time.
381Q. What is GMT of India?
Ans.India Standard Time is 5 hours 30 minutesahead of Greenwich
Mean Time (GMT+5.30).
382Q. Which is busiest port of world?
Ans.Port of Shanghai. As the largest port in China, the Port of
Shanghai is also the busiest port in the world.
383Q. Which is largest container port of India?
Ans.Nhava Sheva now known as Jawaharlal Nehru Port is the largest
container port in India, situated at the mainland of Konkan area across
the Navi Mumbai Maharashtra.
384Q. What is full form of AM and PM?
Ans. “AM” stands for Anti Meridiem - which means “before
noon”and “PM” stands for Post Meridiem – which means “after
noon”.
385Q. What do you understand by latitude and longitude in
geography?
Ans.In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies
the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface.
Longitude, is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west
position of a point on the Earth's surface.
386Q. What is difference between port and harbour?
Ans.Harbour is a place on the coast where ships, boats and barges can
seek shelter from a stormy weather. Port is a location on the coast that
can be used to load and unload cargo.
Harbours do not provide as many facilities as ports.
387Q. What is leap year?
Ans. Leap year is a year, occurring once every four years, which has
366 days including 29 February as an intercalary day.
388Q. Which is longest river in world?
Ans. Longest river is Nile.
389Q. Where is Sahara Desert located?
Ans. North Africa.
390Q. Which ship is the first container ship in the E-class of eight
owned by the A. P. Moller-Maersk Group?
Ans. Emma Maersk.
391Q. What is Sagarmala project?
Ans. Sagarmala project have 4 important aim-
- Port Modernization - Under this project the 9 major and 200 minor
ports in India will be modernized to load and unload the cargo at a
much faster rate than present. Also, the cargo carrying capacity of all
the ports will be doubled.
- Port Connectivity - All the ports will be connected to each other
with the help of new railway tracks, roadways and hinterland to
transport the cargo at a much efficient rate.
- Port-Led Industrialization - An industrial corridor will be made near
to the ports so that the products produced in India will be transported
with a minimum cost. This will support the Make in India initiative of
the government.
- Coastal Community Development - The people who live in the
coastal regions of India will get a lot of job opportunities because of
this project.
392Q. What is full form IPL?
Ans. The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional league for
Twenty20 cricket competition in India.
393Q. When the National Maritime Day is celebrated in India?
Ans. 5th April.
394Q. The World Largest desert is?
Ans. Sahara.
395Q. The device used for measuring altitudes is?
Ans. Altimeter.
396Q. The Gate way of India is located in?
Ans. Mumbai.
397Q. Which Port is known as Maritime Hub?
Ans. Singapore.
398Q. How many oceans are there?
Ans. Including Antarctic ocean there are 5 oceans.
399Q. How many seas are there?
Ans. 7 seas.
400Q. How many states are there in India?
Ans. India has 29 states.
401.Q Have you watched Captain Phillips movie?
Ans. If you have seen this movie then say yes and explain the reasons
what special you have learned from this movie otherwise say no.
 WE HOPE YOUR READING
EXPERIENCE WAS WORTHY
Thank you!