Charts

Q/1. A 6 years old boy came to the ENT opd with dysphagia and fever. On
examination thereis greyish white membrane over the tonsillar fossa which is
difficult to remove. The boy has not received any immunization yet.
1. What is your clinical diagnosis? [1]
2. Name the pathogen and its arrangement as seen in the Gram’s stain. [2]
3. Mention one selective media for the identification of the organism. [1]
4. Name the most appropriate stain . [1/2]
5. Name other special stains which can be used to demonstrate the
organism.[1/2]
ANS:
1. Faucial Diphtheria
2. Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Gram’s-stained smear shows gram
positive bacilliarranged in Chinese letter or cuneiform pattern ( V or L
pattern )
3. Potassium tellurite blood agar. Enriched medium: Loeffler’s serum slope.
4. Albert’s stain
5. Other special stains: Neisser’s & Ponder’s stain.

Q/2. A patient is brought with opisthotonos and irritability to open the mouth. He had
a H/Opin prick over the sole of foot few days ago.

1. What is the causative organism? [1]

2. How is the organism differentiated from its other species? [2]
3. Mention the morphological features of the organism. [1]
4. Name one media used for culture of the organism. [1]
ANS:

1. Tetanus.
2. Clostridium tetani. It is an obligate anaerobe.
3. Gram’s stain shows Gram positive bacilli with terminal spores giving a
drumstickappearance.
4. Robertson’s Cooked meat broth.
Q/3. A patient has been admitted with hyper-pyrexia for 3 days, malaise, joint pain,
coatedtongue and peripheral blood smear examination shows leukopenia with
relative lymphocytosis.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. Suggest the laboratory investigations in order of preference to confirm the
diagnosisIn such a case.[3]
3. Name one selective media for the causative
organism [1]
ANS:

1. Enteric fever.
2. 1st Week: Blood culture, 2nd & 3rd Week: Widal test > stool and urine
culture, 4thWeek: Stool and urine culture.
3. Wilson Blair medium OR XLD (Xylose Lysine deoxycholate agar)

Q/4. A 35-year-old male came to OPD with complaints of loss of weight, chronic
cough for 4weeks and evening rise of temperature for the same duration. Sputum
sample was sent to the department of Microbiology.

1. What is the provisional diagnosis. [1]

2. Name the selective media to be used for the causative organism.[1]
3. Name the fluorescent stain used for the screening of the bacteria in
laboratory.[1]
4. What is CB-NAAT (Full form) ?[1]
5. Name the vaccine which prevent the future complications of the
disease . [1]ANS:

1. Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
2. Lowenstein Jensen medium.
3. Auramin-Rhodamin / Auramine phenol stain
4. Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test.
5. BCG vaccine (Bacillus Calmette Guerin)
Q/5. A patient has come to OPD with complaints of hypopigmented patch over left
foot forthe last 1 year, with ulcer over great toe. On examination, the area was
found to have loss of superficial` and deep sensation.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. What investigations will your advice?[2]
3. Mention the observation (Morphology) in such investigation.[1]
4. How the bacteria are
cultured.[1]ANS:

1. Leprosy
2. Slit skin smear followed by modified Z-N stain with 5% conc. H2SO4.
3. Red Acid-fast bacilli arranged singly or in groups forming globi ( Cigar
bundleappearance)
4. Nine banded Armadillo / Foot pad of Mice.

Q/6. A Ten-year child presented with watery diarrhoea (rice watery stool) since
one daywith features of dehydration.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. What is the causative organism and describe its motility.[2]
3. Mention name of two transport media.[1]
4. Name one selective media for culturing the

bacteria [1]ANS:

1. Cholera.
2. Vibrio cholerae and Darting motility.
3. Venkataraman Ramakrishnan media, Cary Blair media.
4. Thiosuphate Citrate Bile salt Sucrose agar (TCBS).
Q/ 7. A 10-year-old boy presented with complaints of fever, blood and mucous in
stool andtenesmus for 1-2 days.

1. What is provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. Name 2 bacterial agent responsible for the condition and mention their
motility.[2]
3. Name two selective media for the diagnosing the
case.[2]ANS:

1. Bacillary dysentery
2. Shigella dysentery (Non motile)., Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (Motile)
3. DCA/ XLD / SS (Salmonella shigella agar)

Q/8. A 12-year-old boy came to emergency with high fever, headache,

vomiting andphotophobia.
On examination there was neck stiffness and incoherent talks.

1. Give your clinical diagnosis.[1]

2. What is the appropriate sample for reaching a diagnosis?[1]
3. Name two most probable bacterial agents and their respective morphology.[2]
4. Write the ideal media for bacteriological culture of CSF (the
sample) [1]ANS:

1. Meningitis
2. Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF).
3. Neisseria meningitidis. Gram negative diplococci ( lens shaped )
4. Streptococcus pneumoniae. Gram positive diplococci, flame or lanceolate
shape withclear halo (Capsulated).
5. Chocolate agar.
Q/9. A 52-year-old slaughter house worker presented with on and off fever
(typicalremittent course) with profuse night sweat and joint pain. On
examination Hepatosplenomegaly was found. Laboratory testing revealed
anaemia.

1. What is the clinical diagnosis?[1]

2. How the disease is transmitted?[2]
3. What is the most definite method for diagnosis?[1]
4. Name the important serological method employed in

diagnosis.[1]ANS:

1. Brucellosis
2. Transmission is zoonotic by
 Direct contact of abraded skin or mucosa with animal tissue, blood, urine etc
 Food borne: ingestion of infected raw milk
 Air borne: inhalation of dust and aerosols.
3. Most definitive method for diagnosis:
 Blood culture in a biphasic blood culture bottle, also called the Castaneda’s
method.
4. Standard agglutination test (SAT) - Detects IgM.

Q/10. A 21-year-old medical student presented to the dermatology OPD with scaly
lesionson the scalp and hair loss. He was referred to the department of
microbiology for opinion.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. What is the sample to be collected at the microbiology department for
reaching thediagnosis?[1]
3. What is the appropriate media? Mention the pH of the media.[2]
4. Name one probable agent giving rise to their
condition [1]ANS:

1. Tinea capitis
2. Scalp scraping and hair.
3. Sabouraud’s Dextrose agar (SDA). PH of the medium is 5.6
4. Trichophyton Sp., Microsporum Sp.
Q/11. A male Contractual sex worker presented at the dermatology OPD with a
painlesscircumscribed indurated penile ulcer. Patients' serum was sent to
department of Microbiology.

1. Mention the most common test for diagnosing the condition.[1]

2. What is the type of the test?[1]
3. Name the Antigen used in this test.[2]
4. Name one cause of chronic BFP.
[1]ANS:

1. VDRL test (Venereal disease research laboratory) / RPR (Rapid plasma Reagin)
2. Slide flocculation test
3. Cardiolipin antigen / modified Cardiolipin antigen
4. SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus), other collagen disorder: Rheumatoid
arthritis.

Q/12. A patient attended the emergency room of a hospital with complaints of

high feverwith chill and rigor and the fever characteristically comes on every third
day. The fever is associated with associated with headache, nausea, muscle ache
etc.

1. What is the provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. Name the vector.[1]
3. Write the infective form.[1]
4. What the investigations you suggest to confirm the etiological
agent.[2]ANS:

1. Malaria.
2. Female Anopheles Mosquito.
3. Sporozoites.
4. Peripheral blood smear thick and thin. Followed by Leishman stain.
 Plasmodium vivax / Plasmodium falciparum Ag test (Rapid kit test)
Q/13. A patient from costal area of Odissa , has come to OPD with complaints of
intermittent fever for the last 1.5 years. The fever comes with chills and rigor, lasts
for 12 hours and subsides. The episodes have recurred over every full moon for the
last 1 year. This has been accompanied with gradual swelling of right leg. On
examination there is non-pitting Edema over the right leg along with
epididymoorchitis.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. What is the vector for the disease?[1]
3. What is the infective stage for human?[1]
4. What is the commonest drug
indicated?[2]ANS:

1. Filariasis.
2. Culex pipiens fatigans.
3. 3rd stage larva of developing Wuchereria bancrofti.
4. DEC and Albendazole

Q/14. A patient aged 34 years, a resident of Purnia dist. Of Bihar came to the OPD
with complaints of remittent fever for 1 month associated with gradual blackish
discoloration ofskin. On examination, he was found to have pallor, huge
hepatosplenomegaly.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. What is the causative agent in India?[1]
3. Name the vector of this disease in India.[1]
4. Which form of parasite is found in Vector?[1]
5. Which is the form of parasite in

man?[1]ANS:

1. Kala-Azar.
2. Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum.
3. Phlebotomus argentipes (Sand fly)
4. Promastigote form.
5. Amastigote form.
Q/15. A bare footed farmer has come to OPD with complaints of itchy eruptions
over thefoot and severe anaemia (Microcytic, hypochromic) .
What is your provisional
diagnosis?[1]Name the causative
agent.[1]
What is the infective form?[1]
Record your findings of stool microscopy of this

patient. [2]ANS:

1. Hook worm infestation.

2. Necator americanas./ Ancylostoma duodenale.
3. Filariform larva.
4. Hook worm egg , distinctive features:
 Colourless (Non-Bile stained)
 Oval, elliptical in shape.
 Surrounded by transparent hyaline shell membrane.
 segmented ovum with 4 blastomeres.

Q/16. A 7-year-old boy presents with bed wetting and peri-anal itching with
exacerbation atnight.
1.What is your provisional
diagnosis?[1]

2. What is the mode of infection?[2]

3. Name the special swab used to collect the

sample.[1]

4.Name the drug given for its treatment.[1]

ANS:
1.Enterobius vermicularis infestation
2.( Enterobiasis )Mode of infection:

 Ingestion of eggs in contaminated foods and drinks.

Auto – infection (common habit in
children)

3.NIH swab

4.Albendazole, Mebendazole.
Q/17. A young male person has come to emergency with incoherent talks, bizarre
behaviourand difficulty in swallowing liquid, but not solid. He has been bitten by a
street dog six days before.

1. What is the provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. Describe the morphology of the etiological agent.[2]
3. Name two non-neural
vaccine.[2]
ANS:

1) Rabies.
2) Rabies virus. (Bullet shaped, enveloped, single stranded negative sense RNA
virus.)
3) Non- Neural vaccine
 Human diploid cell culture (HDC) vaccine.
 Purified Vero-cell vaccine (PVC).
 Purified chick embryo cell (PCEC) vaccine.
Q/18. A male 25-year-old patient has come to OPD with fever and cough for last 2
months, significant loss of body weight, oral thrush. The patient has H/O exposure to
red light area atMumbai 1 year ago.

1. What is your provisional diagnosis?[1]

2. Write the various mode of transmission.[2]
3. Write the full form of NACO.[1]
4. Name one opportunistic infection commonly associated with untreated
patient.[1]ANS:

1. HIV infection.
2. Mode of transmission:
 Sexual mode
 Parenteral mode
 Vertical mode

3.NACO: National AIDS Control

Organization.4.Opportunistic infection:
1. Candidiasis
2. Tuberculosis
3. Mycobacterium Avium complex (MAC)
4. Pneumocystis carnii jirovecii
5. CMV Retinitis
6. Cryptosporidium parvum diarrhoea