Bahria University, Lahore Campus

Department of Computer Sciences

Lab Manual
(Fall 2023)

Course: ICT Lab Date:

Course Code: CSL-323 Max Marks: 10
Faculty’s Name: Khazina Naveed

Name: _____________________________ Enroll No: _______________________

Objective(s):
 Mail Merge and basic MS DOS commands

MS-DOS and command line overview

Below is a full list of each of the MS-DOS and Windows command line commands listed on Computer
Hope with a brief explanation. This list contains every command ever made available, which means not all
the commands are going to work with your version of MS-DOS or Windows. Click the command to view a
full help page.

Comman Description
d
append Causes MS-DOS to look in other directories when editing a file or
running a command. To use it, simply type append followed by the
directories you want to add, separated by semicolons. For example,
append c:\dos;c:\utils adds the "c:\dos" and "c:\utils" directories to the
search path.
attrib Display and change file attributes. To set attributes, use the command
as follows: attrib +r +s +h filename to make "filename" read-only,
system, and hidden. To remove attributes, replace the plus signs with
minus signs, like attrib -r -s -h filename.
cd Changes directories. Type cd directoryname or chdir directoryname to
navigate to the specified directory.
chdir Changes directories.
chkdsk Check the hard drive running FAT for errors. Type chkdsk drive letter:
(e.g., chkdsk c:) to check the disk's integrity.
cls Clears the screen. Simply type "cls" and press Enter.
cmd Opens the command-line interpreter called COMMAND.COM.
command Opens the command interpreter.
comp Compares files. Type "comp file1 file2" to compare "file1" and "file2."
copy Copy one or more files to an alternate location. For example, to copy a
file from one location to another, type "copy sourcefile destination"
and press Enter.
date View or change the systems date.
del Deletes one or more files. Type "del filename" to delete a file.
delete Recovery console command that deletes a file.
deltree Deletes one or more files or directories. Type "deltree directoryname"
to delete a directory and its contents.
dir List the contents of one or more directory. Simply type "dir" and press
Enter.
diskcomp Compare a disk with another disk. Type "diskcomp a: b:" to compare
the contents of disk "a:" and disk "b:."
echo Displays messages and enables and disables echo. The "echo"
command is used to display text on the screen. Type "echo YourText"
to display "YourText" on the screen.
edit View and edit files. Type "edit" to open the editor.
erase Erase files from the computer. Type "erase filename" to delete a file.
exit Exit from the command interpreter.
expand Expand a Microsoft Windows file back to its original format. Type
"expand filename.cab -f:* destination" to extract files from
"filename.cab" to the specified destination.
extract Extract files from the Microsoft Windows cabinets. Use it in a similar
manner to "expand."
find Search for text within a file.
findstr Searches for a string of text within a file. Type "findstr /i "searchstring"
filename" to search for "searchstring" in the specified file.
help Display a listing of commands and brief explanation.
ipconfig Network command to view network adapter settings and assigned
values. Type "ipconfig" to see details about your network configuration.
label Change the label of a disk drive.
logoff Logoff the currently profile using the computer. Type "logoff" and press
 Enter to log off.
logon Recovery console command to list installations and
enable administrator login.
map Displays the device name of a drive.
mem Display memory on system.
mkdir Command to create a new directory.
move Move one or more files from one directory to another directory.
ping Test and send information to another network computer or network
device.
rd Removes an empty directory.
rename Renames a file or directory.
rmdir Removes an empty directory.
tree View a visual tree of the hard drive.

Mail Merge Introduction

Mail Merge is a useful tool that allows you to produce multiple letters, labels,
envelopes, name tags, and more using information stored in a list, database, or
spreadsheet. When performing a Mail Merge, you will need a Word document (you
can start with an existing one or create a new one) and a recipient list, which is
typically an Excel workbook

To use Mail Merge:

Open an existing Word document, or create a new one.

From the Mailings tab, click the Start Mail Merge command and select Step by
Step Mail Merge Wizard from the drop-down menu.
The Mail Merge pane appears and will guide you through the six main steps to complete a merge.
The following example demonstrates how to create a form letter and merge the letter with a recipient

list.

Step 1:
Choose the type of document you want to create. In our example, we'll select Letters. Then click Next:
Starting document to move to Step 2.
Step 2:

Select Use the current document, then click Next: Select recipients to move to
Step 3.
Step 3:

Now you'll need an address list so Word can automatically place each address into
the document. The list can be in an existing file, such as an Excel workbook, or
you can type a new address list from within the Mail Merge Wizard.

From the Mail Merge task pane, select Use an existing list, then click Browse... to
select the file.
Locate your file and click Open.
If the address list is in an Excel workbook, select the worksheet that contains the list and click OK.

In the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box, you can check or uncheck each box to control which
recipients are included in the merge. By default, all recipients should be selected. When you're done,
click OK.
From the Mail Merge task pane, click Next: Write your letter to move to Step 4.

If you don't have an existing address list, you can click the Type a new list button and click Create.
You can then type your address list.

Step 4:
Now you're ready to write your letter. When it's printed, each copy of the letter will basically be the same;
only the recipient data (such as the name and address) will be different. You'll need to
add placeholders for the recipient data so Mail Merge knows exactly where to add the data.

To insert recipient data:

Place the insertion point in the document where you want the information to appear.
1. Choose one of the four placeholder options: Address block, Greeting
line, Electronic postage, or More items.
2. Depending on your selection, a dialog box may appear with various
options. Select the desired options and click OK.
3. A placeholder will appear in your document (for
example, «AddressBlock»).

4. Repeat these steps each time you need to enter information from your
data record. In our example, we'll add a Greeting line.
5. When you're done, click Next: Preview your letters to move to Step 5.
For some letters, you'll only need to add an Address
block and Greeting line. Sometimes, however, you may want to
place recipient data within the body of the letter to personalize
it even further.

Step 5:
1. Preview the letters to make sure the information from the recipient list
appears correctly in the letter. You can use the left and right scroll
arrows to view each document.
2. Click Next: Complete the merge to move to Step 6.
Step 6:
1. Click Print... to print the letters.
2. A dialog box will appear. Click All, then click OK.

3. The Print dialog box will appear. Adjust the print settings if needed,
then click OK. The letters will be printed.