Ratan Tata

Ratan Naval Tata (born 28 December 1937) is an Indian indust rialist , philant hropist , and a former
chairman of Tat a Sons. He was also chairman of Tat a Group, from 1990 t o 2012, and again, as
int erim chairman, from Oct ober 2016 t hrough February 2017, and cont inues t o head it s charit able
t rust s.[3][4] He is t he recipient of t wo of t he highest civilian awards of India, t he Padma Vibhushan
(2008) and Padma Bhushan (2000).[5]
 Rat an Tat a

Ratan Tata

Born Ratan Naval Tata

28 December 1937
Bombay,[1] Bombay Presidency, British India
(present-day Mumbai, Maharashtra, India)

Alma mater Cornell University (BArch)

Occupation Businessman • Philanthropist • Investor

Title Chairman Emeritus, Tata Sons and Tata Group[2]

Term (1991–2021)
(2016–2017)

Predecessor JRD Tata

Successor Cyrus Mistry (2012)

Natarajan Chandrasekaran (2017–present)

Parent(s) Naval Tata

Relatives See Tata family

Awards Padma Vibhushan (2008)

Padma Bhushan (2000)
Born in 1937, he is a scion of t he Tat a family, and son of Naval Tat a who was adopt ed by Sir
Rat an Tat a son of Jamset ji Tat a, t he founder of Tat a Group. He is an alumnus of t he Cornell
Universit y College of Archit ect ure and Harvard Business School t hrough t he Advanced
Management Program t hat he complet ed in 1975.[6] He joined his company in 1961 when he used
t o work on t he shop floor of Tat a St eel, and was t he apparent successor t o J. R. D. Tat a upon
t he lat t er's ret irement in 1991. He got Tat a Tea t o acquire Tet ley, Tat a Mot ors t o acquire
Jaguar Land Rover, and Tat a St eel t o acquire Corus, in an at t empt t o t urn Tat a from a largely
India-cent rist group int o a global business.

Early life

Rat an Tat a was born in Bombay, now Mumbai, on 28 December 1937,[7] and is t he son of Naval
Tat a (born in Surat ). His biological mat ernal grandmot her had been t he sist er of Hirabai Tat a, wife
of group founder Jamshedji Tat a. His biological grandfat her, Hormusji Tat a, had belonged t o t he
broader Tat a family; Rat an t herefore was a Tat a by birt h. Parent s Naval and Sonoo separat ed in
1948 when Rat an was 10, and he was subsequent ly raised by t he widow of Sir Rat anji Tat a, his
grandmot her, Navajbai Tat a, who formally adopt ed him t hrough t he J. N. Pet it Parsi Orphanage.[8]
He has a half-brot her, Noel Tat a (from Naval Tat a's second marriage wit h Simone Tat a), wit h
whom he was raised. His first language is Gujarat i.[9]

He st udied at t he Campion School, Mumbai t ill t he 8t h class, followed by Cat hedral and John
Connon School, Mumbai and at Bishop Cot t on School in Shimla,[10] and, in 1955, graduat ed from
Riverdale Count ry School in New York Cit y.[11][12] In 1959, he t hen received a degree in
Archit ect ure from Cornell Universit y, and in 1975, at t ended t he seven-week Advanced
Management Program of Harvard Business School — an inst it ut ion which he has since
endowed.[13][14]

Promot ed t o management during t he 1970s; he t hen endured t rial by ordeal and was able t o t urn
Group company Nat ional Radio and Elect ronics (NELCO) around, only t o see it collapse during an
economic slowdown.[15][16] In 1991, J. R. D. Tat a st epped down as chairman of Tat a Sons, naming
him his successor. When he set t led down int o t he new role, he faced st iff resist ance from many
companies heads, some of whom had spent decades in t heir respect ive companies and rose t o
become very powerful and influent ial due t o t he freedom t o operat e under JRD Tat a. He began
replacing t hem by set t ing a ret irement age, and t hen made individual companies report
operat ionally t o t he group office and made each cont ribut e some of t heir profit t o build and use
t he Tat a group brand. Innovat ion was given priorit y and younger t alent was infused and given
responsibilit ies.[17] Under his st ewardship, overlapping operat ions in group companies were
st reamlined int o a synergised whole,[18] wit h t he salt -t o-soft ware group exit ing unrelat ed
businesses t o t ake on globalisat ion.

Ratan Tata (right) in Bangladesh, 2005

During t he 21 years he led t he Tat a Group, revenues grew over 40 t imes, and profit , over 50
t imes.[15] Where sales of t he group as a whole, overwhelmingly came from commodit ies when he
t ook over, t he majorit y sales came from brands when he exit ed.[19][20] He boldly got Tat a Tea t o
acquire Tet ley, Tat a Mot ors t o acquire Jaguar Land Rover and Tat a St eel t o acquire Corus. All
t his t urned Tat a from a largely India-cent ric group int o a global business, wit h over 65% revenues
coming from operat ions and sales in over 100 count ries.[15][21] He concept ualised t he Tat a Nano
car.[17] In 2015, He explained in an int erview for t he Harvard Business School's Creat ing Emerging
Market s project , t he development of t he Tat a Nano was significant because it helped put cars
at a price-point wit hin reach of t he average Indian consumer.[22]

Rat an Tat a resigned his execut ive powers in t he Tat a group on 28 December 2012, upon t urning
75, appoint ing as his successor, Cyrus Mist ry, t he 44-year-old son of Pallonji Mist ry of t he
Shapoorji Pallonji Group, t he largest individual shareholder of t he group and relat ed by
marriage.[23][24] On 24 Oct ober 2016, Cyrus Mist ry was removed as t he chairman of Tat a Sons and
Rat an Tat a was made int erim chairman. The decision went t hrough int ense media scrut iny t hat
made many scrut inize t he root causes of t he sudden removal, and t he result ant crisis.[25] A
select ion commit t ee was formed t o find a successor. The select ion commit t ee consist ed of Mr.
Tat a, TVS Group head Venu Srinivasan, Amit Chandra of Bain Capit al, former diplomat Ronen Sen
and Lord Kumar Bhat t acharya. All of t hem, except Mr. Bhat t acharya, were on t he board of Tat a
Sons.[26] On 12 January 2017, Nat arajan Chandrasekaran was named as t he chairman of Tat a Sons,
a role he assumed in February 2017.
Tat a invest ed personal savings in Snapdeal – one of India's leading e-commerce websit es –and,
in January 2016, Teabox, an online premium Indian Tea seller,[27] and CashKaro.com, a discount
coupons and cash-back websit e.[28] He has made small invest ment s in bot h early and lat e st age
companies in India, such as INR 0.95 Cr in Ola Cabs.[29] In April 2015, it was report ed t hat Tat a had
acquired a st ake in Chinese smart phone st art up Xiaomi.[30] In Oct ober 2015, he part nered wit h
American Express, invest ing in Bit coin vent ure Abra.[31] In 2016, he invest ed in Nest away[32] an
online port al t o find fully furnished flat s for bachelors which lat er acquired Zenify t o st art family
rent al segment and online pet care port al, Dogspot .[33][34][35] Tat a Mot ors rolled out t he first
bat ch of Tigor Elect ric Vehicles from it s Sanand Plant in Gujarat , regarding which Rat an Tat a said,
"Tigor indicat es a willingness t o fast -forward India's elect ric dream. The government has set an
ambit ious t arget t o have only elect ric cars by 2030."[36]

Tata Sons vs. Cyrus Mistry

In one of t he most dramat ic development s in t he recent past , t he board of direct ors of Tat a
Group on 24 Oct ober 2016 vot ed for t he removal of it s chairman Cyrus Mist ry wit h immediat e
effect and made Rat an Tat a t he int erim chairman, and in February 2017, Mist ry was removed as a
direct or for Tat a Sons.[37] The Nat ional Company Law Appellat e Tribunal(NCLAT) had decided in
December 2019 t hat t he removal of Cyrus Mist ry as t he Chairman of Tat a Sons was illegal and
t hat he should be reinst at ed.[37] India's Supreme Court heard an appeal by t he $111-billion
conglomerat e t o quash t he NCLAT order t hat direct ed t he Tat a group t o rehire t he man it fired
as chairman. Rat an Tat a is personally leading t he charge in t he case, and filed a separat e pet it ion
challenging t he ruling in t he Supreme Court .[38] The Supreme Court has st ayed t he Nat ional
Company Law Appellat e Tribunal (NCLAT) order t hat allowed Cyrus Mist ry t o be reinst at ed as
Tat a Sons chairman in January 2020.[37] However t he Supreme Court upheld t he dismissal of
Cyrus Mist ry.[39]

Philanthropy

Tat a is a support er of educat ion, medicine and rural development , and considered a leading
philant hropist in India.[40][41][42] Tat a support ed Universit y of New Sout h Wales Facult y of
Engineering t o develop capacit ive deionizat ion t o provide improved wat er for challenged
areas.[43][44]

Tat a Hall [45] at t he Universit y of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), opened in November of
2018, houses facilit ies for t he biological and physical sciences and is t he home of t he Tat a
 Inst it ut e for Genet ics and Societ y. The Tat a Inst it ut e for Genet ics and Societ y is a binat ional
inst it ut ion t hat coordinat es research bet ween UC San Diego and research operat ions in India t o
assist in societ al and infrast ruct ure development in t he area of combat ing vect or-borne
diseases. Tat a Hall is named in recognit ion of a generous $70 million gift from Tat a Trust s.

Tat a Educat ion and Development Trust , a philant hropic affiliat e of Tat a Group, endowed a
$28 million Tat a Scholarship Fund t hat will allow Cornell Universit y t o provide financial aid t o
undergraduat e st udent s from India. The scholarship fund will support approximat ely 20
scholars at any given t ime and will ensure t hat t he very best Indian st udent s have access t o
Cornell, regardless of t heir financial circumst ances. The scholarship will be awarded annually;
recipient s will receive t he scholarship for t he durat ion of t heir undergraduat e st udy at
Cornell.[46]

In 2010, Tat a Group companies and Tat a charit ies donat ed $50 million for t he const ruct ion of
an execut ive cent er at Harvard Business School (HBS).[47] The execut ive cent er has been
named Tat a Hall, aft er Rat an Tat a (AMP '75), chairman emeritus of Tat a Sons.[14] The t ot al
const ruct ion cost s have been est imat ed at $100 million.[48] Tat a Hall is locat ed in t he
nort heast corner of t he HBS campus, and is devot ed t o t he Harvard Business School's mid-
career Execut ive Educat ion program. It is seven st ories t all, and about 155,000 gross square
feet . It houses approximat ely 180 bedrooms, in addit ion t o academic and mult i-purpose
spaces.[49]

Tat a Consult ancy Services (TCS) has given t he largest ever donat ion by a company t o
Carnegie Mellon Universit y (CMU) for a facilit y t o research in cognit ive syst ems and
aut onomous vehicles. TCS donat ed $35 million for t his grand 48,000 square-foot building t hat
is called TCS Hall.[50]

In 2014, Tat a Group endowed t he Indian Inst it ut e of Technology, Bombay and formed t he Tat a
Cent er for Technology and Design (TCTD) t o develop design and engineering principles suit ed
t o t he needs of people and communit ies wit h limit ed resources. They gave ₹950 million t o t he
inst it ut e which was t he largest ever donat ion received in it s hist ory.[51][52]

Tat a Group, under t he leadership of Rat an Tat a formed t he MIT Tat a Cent er of Technology
and Design at Massachuset t s Inst it ut e of Technology (MIT) wit h a mission t o address t he
challenges of resource-const rained communit ies, wit h an init ial focus on India.[53][54]

Board memberships and affiliations

He was t he int erim chairman of Tat a Sons. He cont inues t o head t he main t wo Tat a t rust s Sir
Dorabji Tat a Trust and Sir Rat an Tat a Trust and t heir allied t rust s, wit h a combined st ake of 66%
in Tat a Sons, Tat a group's holding company.

He has served in various capacit ies in organizat ions in India and abroad. He is a member of Prime
Minist er's 'Council on Trade and Indust ry' and t he 'Nat ional Manufact uring Compet it iveness
Council'. He is on t he jury panel of Prit zker Archit ect ure Prize [55] – considered t o be one of t he
world's premier archit ect ure prizes.

He is a direct or on t he boards of Alcoa Inc., Mondelez Int ernat ional[56] and Board of Governors of
t he East -West Cent er. He is also a member of t he board of t rust ees of Universit y of Sout hern
California, Harvard Business School Board of Dean's Advisors, X Prize [57] and Cornell Universit y. He
is a member on t he board of Int ernat ional Advisory Council at Bocconi Universit y[58]

He is also a member of t he Harvard Business School India Advisory Board (IAB) since 2006 and
previously a member of t he Harvard Business School Asia-Pacific Advisory Board (APAB) 2001–
2006.

In 2013, he was appoint ed t o t he Board of Trust ees of t he Carnegie Endowment for

Int ernat ional Peace.[59]

In February 2015, Rat an t ook an advisory role at Kalari Capit al, a vent ure capit al firm founded by
Vani Kola.[60]

In Oct ober 2016, Tat a Sons removed Cyrus Mist ry as it s chairman, nearly 4 years aft er he t ook
over t he reins of t he over $100 billion conglomerat e, Rat an Tat a made a comeback, t aking over
t he company's int erim boss for 4 mont hs. On 12 January 2017, Nat arajan Chandrasekaran was
named as t he chairman of Tat a Sons, a role he assumed in February 2017.

Honours and awards

The President, Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil presenting the Padma Vibhushan to Shri Ratan Naval Tata, at Rashtrapati
Bhavan, in 2008.

Rat an Tat a received t he Padma Bhushan in 2000 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008, t he t hird and
second highest civilian honours awarded by t he Government of India.[61]

Ot her not able awards include:

Year Name Awarding organisation Ref.
Honorary Doctor of Business [62]
2001 Ohio State University
Administration
2004 Medal of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay Government of Uruguay [63]

2004 Honorary Doctor of Technology Asian Institute of Technology. [64]

International Distinguished Achievement [65]

2005 B'nai B'rith International
Award
2005 Honorary Doctor of Science University of Warwick. [66]

2006 Honorary Doctor of Science Indian Institute of Technology Madras [67]

For Inspiration and Recognition of Science [68]

2006 Responsible Capitalism Award
and Technology (FIRST)
The London School of Economics and [69]
2007 Honorary Fellowship
Political Science
Carnegie Endowment for International [70]
2007 Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy
Peace
2008 Honorary Doctor of Law University of Cambridge [71]

2008 Honorary Doctor of Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay [72]

2008 Honorary Doctor of Science Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur [73]

2008 Honorary Citizen Award Government of Singapore [74][75]

The Institution of Engineering and [76]

2008 Honorary Fellowship
Technology
2008 Inspired Leadership Award The Performance Theatre [77]

Honorary Knight Commander of the Order [78]

2009 Queen Elizabeth II
of the British Empire (KBE)
Life Time Contribution Award in Engineering [79]
2009 Indian National Academy of Engineering
for 2008
Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the [80]
2009 Government of Italy
Italian Republic
2010 Honorary Doctor of Law University of Cambridge [81]

2010 Hadrian Award World Monuments Fund [82]

2010 Oslo Business for Peace award Business for Peace Foundation [83]

2010 Legend in Leadership Award Yale University [84]

2010 Honorary Doctor of Laws Pepperdine University [85]

2010 Business for Peace Award Business for Peace Foundation [86]

2010 Business Leader of the Year The Asian Awards. [87]

2012 Honorary Fellow[5] The Royal Academy of Engineering[5] [88]

2012 Doctor of Business honoris causa University of New South Wales [89]

Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising [90]

2012 Government of Japan
Sun
2013 Foreign Associate National Academy of Engineering [91]

Indian Affairs India Leadership Conclave [92]

2013 Transformational Leader of the Decade
2013
Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year – [93]
2013 Ernst & Young
Lifetime Achievement
2013 Honorary Doctor of Business Practice Carnegie Mellon University [94]

2014 Honorary Doctor of Business Singapore Management University [95]

2014 Sayaji Ratna Award Baroda Management Association [96]

Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Order [97][98]

2014 Queen Elizabeth II
of the British Empire (GBE)
2014 Honorary Doctor of Laws York University, Canada [99]

2015 Honorary Doctor of Automotive Engineering Clemson University [100]

Baroda Management Association, Honoris [101]

2015 Sayaji Ratna Award
Causa, HEC Paris
2016 Commander of the Legion of Honour Government of France [102]

2018 Honorary Doctorate Swansea University [103][104]

Personal life

In 2011, Rat an Tat a st at ed, "I came close t o get t ing married four t imes and each t ime I backed
off in fear or for one reason or anot her." Rat an Tat a st at ed recent ly t hat he loved one girl in Los
Angeles while working t here. As his family member was ill, so he had t o ret urn t o India but t he
parent s of t he girl didn't allow her t o come t o India wit h Tat a. So Tat a st ood by his commit ment
and never married.[105]

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media relat ed t o Ratan Naval Tata.

Rat an Naval Tat a's chairman profile at Tat a Group (ht t ps://web.archive.org/web/20081011093
757/ht t p://www.t at a.com/about us/art icles/inside.aspx?art id=uBZjT+%2FooH8%3D)
 Profile (ht t ps://www.t heguardian.com/business/2008/mar/28/aut omot ive.mergersandacquisit i
ons?INTCMP=SRCH) at The Guardian

"Rat an Tat a '59: The Cornell St ory" (ht t ps://www.yout ube.com/wat ch?v=qxnHEM0hQrk) on
YouTube

Int erview on Charlie Rose (ht t ps://web.archive.org/web/20120809025540/ht t p://www.charlier

ose.com/view/int erview/12440)

Creat ing Emerging Market s Int erview (ht t p://www.hbs.edu/businesshist ory/emerging-market s/

pages/profile-det ail.aspx?profile=rnt at a) at t he Harvard Business School

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