Telecommunication & Wireless Communication Questions Re ean Rania) Ree Start Complete Exam Preparation raed Dea) aa kad ees Pree D> Download App Question1: pact Which of the following statementsaccurately describes free-space optical communication (F80)? 1. FSOemploys ight totransmit data wirelessly in freespace, which cen include ait, outer space, or vacuum 2. FSOprimaniy relies‘on solldéimaterials such as optical fiber cables for data transmission 3. FSOis commonly used when physical connections are feasible and cost-effective chnology is exclusively utilized in telecommunications and computer networking PGE Re) ane ecm Cy Under One Roof ee Answer(DeOption 1: FSO employs light to transmit deta wirelessly in freespace, which can include ai, outer space, or vacuum, Telecommunicatio®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion1 DetailedSolution | ® The Correct answer is that FSO employslight to transmitdata wirelesslyin freespace,whichcan include air, outerspace,or vacuum. P © Key Points " : FreespaceoptialconmunidabyFS0) eer toan opticalcommunication method that utilizes light travelingthroug! tructedspaceto transmitdatawirelesslyforapplicationsin telecommunicationand computernetworking. + Unlike traditional methods using solid mediums like optical fiber cable, FSO operates in what is referred toas “free space’ including environments such as ait, outer space, or vacuum. + This technology proves particularly valuable in scenarios where establishing physical connections is challenging due to prohibitive costs or other practical constraints. + Freespacepoint-to-point opticalconnectionscan utilze infrared laser light, with the option of employing LEDs for low-data-ate communication over short distances + The Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology represents a straight forward version of free- space optical communications. + Within the realm of optical wireless communications applications, FSO technology is regarded as an integral component. + Moreover, free-space optics find application in facilitating communication betweenspacecraft. Tear poeta ° AS Elam eels) Cle ele) ee cet rae gt aa cae I old Creer Download App Question2: View this Question Online > The formation of the Intemational TeletratficCongress (iTC) occurred in. 1, 1950 ‘ Ps 2 19553, 1965 ko e Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 1955 Telecommunicatiow& WirelessCommunicationQuestion2 DetailedSolution The Correctanswer is 1955. © Key Points + TheinternationalTeletraffiCongress(IT'C) was establishedn 1955 by ArneJensenwith a primary focus on comprehending and modeling trafficin telephonenetworks using stochi methodologies. + Itsinitial aim was tounite researchers working with these considerations as a sI + Initially scheduled trienniallyuntil 1995, theITC Plenary Congresses transitione’ schedule to accommodate the rapidly evolving network technologies, product and the consequent surge in network demands. ervices, + Toaddress the transformetive changes in computer end c and usage, the decision was made tohold the Pl In systems, networks, nnually trom2009. Ee Additional Information + ITC Conferenceand Proceedings: ke Conference Year ovation 1cT1 1955 Copenhagen IcT2 1958 The Hague ICTS 1961 Paris ICT4 1964 London ICT 20 2007 Ottawa ICT 25 2013 Shanghai ICT 30 2018 Viena ICT 31 2019 Budapest IcT33 2021 AvignonEo eee arco Roe) SSE Ta meri eel LiCl) Cee aR esas ak Pod era ens Teeter Coreen Download App Exot 22 Question3: View this Question Oniine > > The institute of TelecommunicationsProfessionals (TP) was establishedin 1. 1905 a Az 3. 2007 4. 2009 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 1906 Telecommunicatior®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion3 DetailedSolution The Correct answer is 1906. eo Key Points + The Instituteof Telecommunications Professionals (I7P)is a professional membership organization catering toindividuals in the telecommunications sector, operating primarily in the United Kingdom + Established originally in 1906 as The Institution of Post Cffice Electrical Engineers (IPOEE), + Theinstituteis also affiliated with a publication, namely the Journalof the Institute of Telecommunication®ro nals + Commencing in 2007, oe journal servesas a valuable resource within the telecommunications industry + In 1982, With the formation of British Telecommunications, the Institution of PostOffice Electrical Engineers was renamed the Institution of British Telecommunication€ngineers.* In 2002 Theinstitution evolvedinto The Communications Network (TCN), focusing on the personal and professional developmentof individuals in the telecommunications sector. + In 2007 The organization underwent a name change, reverting toits roots as the Institute of Telecommunication®rofessionaldiTP), upholding its legacy as an authoritative body in the telecommunications industry. + In 2020 The organization simplified its name toThe ITPwhile continuing its dedicated service to the telecommunications sector. Pea earner) Start Complete Exam Preparation CRAs ra ac Cresta pao Download App Question4: View this Question Online > EDUSAT refers to: ° 1. A television channel providing education and entertainment ited by cables 2. Anon-commercial television channel ops : 3, An educational chanfel operated through universitias 4 BR wvesee ‘transmission channel meant for educational Answer (Deiailed Solution Below) Option 4: Satellitebased transmission channel meant for educational Telecommunicatio®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion4 DetailedSolution ASatelliteis a celestialbody that moves around theplanets similarly theplanets move around the sun, A Human-made Satelliteis an artificial body thatis designed by scientists to collectinformation about theuniverse or for communication Some examples of the Indian satellitesin space are INSAT, IRS, EDUSAT, eteCxes-Points EDUSAT: it is a communication satellite, launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation, to ‘serve the educational sector. ‘ + Itis a man-made satellite_ + The frst Indian satelltebuilt solely for serving theeducational sector, + EDUSAT is pnmarily meant for providing connestivity to school, college, and higher levels of education for betterac: lic outcomes + Launched meee) on 20-9-2004from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota. + This satelliteis meant fordistantclassroomeducationfrom theschoo! level to higher education. + Provide the country with satelitebased two-way communication totheclassroom for delivering educational materials. + Through EDUSAT, India showed its commitment tousing space technology for national development, chefly for the progress of thepopulation in remote and rural locations. + Currently, 25 Statesare covered by the footprint of EDUSAT with more than 55,000 EDUSAT classrooms. Hence, it becomesclear that EDUSAT isa satellitebased transmissiorchannelmeantforeducational purposes. earn Bora) Start Complete Exam Preparation SRR Oe et alerts (ie ea Cl) POs Download App Questions: View this Question Oniine > START and STOP bits are sentin ______ modeof transmission. 1. Asynchronous 2. Synchronous NS 3. Lower ovethead 4. Higher throughputvy Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: Asynchronous Telecommunicatio®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion5 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is Asynchronous. © Key Points * AsynchronousTransmission, + Itis also known as characterbasedtransmissionand conveys dats in the form of individual bytesor characters. + This mode of transmission operatesas a half-duplex communication method, meaning th: data can flow in one direction at a time. + Itemploys the inclusion of startand stop bits along with thedata to facilitatepr forts STARTBit: The transmission begins with the transmission of a STARTDit, whi 2 logic 0 (low voltage level) This STARTHitalerts the receiving device that data i helps the receiver synchronize its internal clock wi DataBits: Following theSTARTHit, the actual data ssn are sent one by one. m= These represent the actual informat: piece of data STOPBit(s): After the dota bit = The STOPbit(s) iggicate a Inmost cases, configuration = These STOPbits ate always logic 1 (high voltagelevel) nsmitted, and it clock. bits, but theycan vary) ismitted, such as a character or a TOPbits are sent hedata character + SynchronousTransmission Itis cheracterzed by the transfer of data n the form of blocksorframes,and operates in full-duplexmode,enabling simultaneous two-way communication betweensender and receiver This mode mandates precise synchronization betweenthe communicating devices Synchronous transmission maintains a continuous flow of data withoutany gaps. Itis recognized for its efficiency and reliability, making it the preferred choice for transferring substantial volumes of data TopTelecommunicatior& Wireless CommunicationMICQ ObjectiveQuestionsee ee ee Cer ke at Start Complete Exam Preparation ieee eed iE Wa Pcie Creer Pao Download App Questions View thisQuestion Online > Which combination of Boolean operators retrieves more documents? 1. AANDB < > 2 ANOTB 3. A/ANDAB NOT B Mics Answer (Detailed SolutionBelow) Option 4: AORB Telecommunicatio®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion6 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is A ORB @ Key Points + Booleanoperators: * Boolean Operators are simple words (AND, OR, NOT, or AND NOT)used as conjunctionsto combineor excludekeywordsin a search, resulting in more focus and productivity, » When Boolean operators are used for searching itis known as Booleansearch » This kind of searching is also known as Combinatorial search. * Thebasic operations of Boolean algebra are conjunction,disjunction, and negation.+ AND: > This operator will retrieveall the documents which contain all thekeywordsoccurring at both ends of the AND operator. c @ Syntax . AND Example: Library AND Information . ® The above query will retrieve only thosedocuments which contain both the terms Library and Documentation. The pre nin seatch is. more. The number of documents retrieveduill be lesshence less is therecall value *OR both ends of the OR operator @ Syntax OR > This operator will retrieve all —" which contain all thekeywords occuring at Example. Library OR Information = The above query will retrieveall documents which contain both the terms Library and Documentation The recallin search is more Thenumber of documentsretrievedwill be morebut the precision of retneved documents will beless + NOT or AND NOT. These operators increasethe precision of thesearch result. The query can be made more specific by using these operators. Using the capitalized AND NOT operator preceding 2 search term eliminates documents that contain that tem Syntax AND NOT A Additional Information + Booleanalgebra: ° Boolean algebra was introduced by GeorgeBoolein his first book The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (1847) » According to Huntington the term Boolean algebra’ was frst suggested by Shefferin 1913, Pc eed Start Complete Exam Preparation Bean cues PUT eaicd DS cuereey Creer Download App Question7 View this Question Online > When amessageis transmittedand received over the same channel at the same time, such mode of transmission in network environment is called as1. Full Duplex 2. Simplex 3. Band width 4, Half duplex Answer (Detailed Solution Below) of Option 1° Full Duplex = 2 Tecan Wesenmntaortsin DetailedSolution qT \swer is Full Duplex; ey Points + Full Duplex: Itis themodeof transmissionthatis used in computing networks when theres simultane ousinf ormationflowin both directions fromsendertoreceiver. In this mode of transmission, the channel capacityis shared between the two devices The Full Duplex mode features two simplexchannels One channel has traffic flowing in one direction, while the other channel has traffic flowing in the other way The full duplex mode is used when communication in both directionsis required Examples: A telephonenetwork and In a messaging app. Both BB = = ———| PC Terminal * Simplex: The Simplex transmission mode is used in computing networks when thereis a singleor onesway flowof information from sender toreceiver In this mode of transmission, communication occurs only in onedirection, Abasic example of a simplex transmission mode is communication betweena computer anda keyboardand Theradiostationis a simplex channel Simplex A(Send) One B (Receive)* Half Duplex The half-duplex mode of transmission is used in computer networks when thereis a way ‘to flow information from sender torecetver but only oneata time. In this mode, the connecteddevices can transmit or receive the data but not simultaneously. Thehalf-duplex mode is used when communication in both directionsis notrequiredat the sametime Send_ Ais sending, _Reseive Bis receiving + Examples, Walkietalkie XS * Bandwidth, In computing, bandwidth is themaxim data transferacrossa givenpath Bandwidth may be characterized as net) andwidth data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth. The MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effecttransistor) is the most important factorenabling therapid increase in bandwidth Edholm'slaw, proposed by and named afterPhil Edholm in 2004, holds that the bandwidth of telecommunication networks doubles every 18 months The MOSFET (MOS transistor) was invented by MohamedM. Atalla and DawonKahngat Bell Labs in 1959 © Additional Information + Transmissiormode,also known as a communication mode, is the transfer of data between two devices via a communication channel thatincludes an optical fiber, wireless channels, copper wires, and other storage media + ThePhysicalLayerin the OpenSysteminterconnection(0SI) Layer Modelis dedicated to data transmission in the network. + The data transmission method was initially used in modems in a computer networking system in the 1940s 1940s, then in LANs, WANs, repeaters, and othernetworking systems + Based on thedirection of the exchange of information. The transmission mode is classified into three types: simplex, half duplex, and full duplex. Transmission Modes Simplex Mode | [Half-Dupiex Mode] [Full-Duplex Modeoz ee eo ere SSE la merely Lt) (ey rab Reise Download App Question View thisQuestion Online > Which of the following is‘ unit for measuring bandwidth? 2. Hertz 3. Bandwidth 4 Bits Answer (Detailed SolutionBelow) Option 4: Bits Telecommunicatior& WirelessCommunicationQuestion8 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is Bits. © Key Points ’ + Bandwidth is traaion@pressdn bits persecond(bps) + Modem network links far greater capacity, which is why bandwidth is now more often expressed as Mbps or Gbps. + Bandwidth connections can be symmetricalwhich means the data capacityis the samein both directions-- upload and download. * Asymmetricalwhich means downloadand uploadcapacityis not equal + In asymmetrical connections, theupload capacity's typically smaller than the download capacity, + EnterprisegradeWAN and DIA links more commonly have symmetrical bendwidth.Pe eo Start Complete Exam Preparation RSs Cree eur Download App Ga orcs Question9: View this Question Online > Which combination of Boolean operators retrieves more documents? 1, AAND B 2. ANOTB \@' 3. A AND AB NOTB 4 AORB i , Answer(Detaifed'S6lution Below) Az. AORB Telecommunicatiom& WirelessCommunicationQuestion9 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is A ORB © Key Points + Booleanoperators: ~ Boolean Operators are simple words (AND, OR, NOT, or AND NOT) used es conjunctionsto combineor excludekeywordsin a search, resulting in more focus and productivity * When Boolean operators are used for searching it is known as Booleansearch ° This kind of searching is also knowin es Combinatorial search » Thebasic operations of Boolean algebra are conjunction,disjunction,and negation.+ AND: > This operator will retrieveall the documents which contain all the keywordsoccurring at both ends of the AND operator. @ Syntax AND Example: Library AND Information = Thezbove query will retrieve only thosedocuments which contain both the terms Library and Documentation. The precisiorin search is more The number of documents retrievedull be lesshence less is therecall Value. “OR » This operator will retrieve all the documents which contain all the keywords occurring at both ends of the OR operator. @ Syntax OR Example. Library OR Rh = The above query will retrléveal| documents which contain both the terms Library and Documentation The recallin search is more Thenumber of documentsretrievedwill be morebut the precision of retneved documents will beless + NOT or AND NOT. These operators increasethe precision of thesearch result. The query can be made more specific by using these operators. Using the capitalized AND NOT operator preceding 2 search term eliminates documents that contain that tem Syntax AND NOT A Additional Information + Booleanalgebra: ° Boolean algebra was introduced by GeorgeBoolein his first book The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (1847) » According to Huntington the term Boolean algebra’ was frst suggested by Shefferin 1913, & ee ane rc Rea kes Start Complete Exam Preparation PUT eaicd DS cuereey Creer Download App Question10: ( % View this Question Online > DNS in Internet Technology stands for a; $Gcuereeatic eee eee seal2. Domain Name System 3 A vor System 4. Distributed Name System Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Domain Name System Telecommunicatiom® WirelessCommunicationQuestion10 DetailedSolution ‘ The correctanswer is "DomainName System" © Key Points cy + DNS- > Itis a hierarchicaland distributednamingsystemfor computers on the Internet « Itis also calied the phonebookof the internet. » DNS servers elir theneedforhumans tomemorize IP addresses of the machines connectedto the! et. * Functions of DNS- » Theprocess of DNS fesolution involves converting hostnameinto computerfriendlyIP addresses. = There are fourDNS serversnvolved in loading a webpage- @ DNSrecursor = DNS nameserver @ TLDnameserver @ Authoritative nameserver Eee asec) Start Complete Exam Preparation CeCe Dae Treo ike aeaucd co Crees Download App Question11: View this Question Online >When a messageis transmittedand received over the same channel at the same time, such mode of transmission in network environment is called as 1. Full Duplex 2. Simplex 3. Band width 4. Half duplex Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: Full Duplex < Telecommunicatiom® Wenner DetailedSolution ° simultaneousinformationflowin both directions fromsendertoreceiver. In this mode of transmission, the channel capacityis shared between the two devices. The Full Duplex mode features two simplexchannels One channel has traffic flowing in one direction, while the other channel has traffic flowing in the other way. The full duplex mode is used when communication in bothdirectionsis required. Examples: A telephone network and In a messaging app. o> Itis the modeof transmissionthatis used in computing networks when thereis + Simplex: The Simplex transmission mode is used in computing networks when thereis a singleor one-way flowof information from sender to receiver In this mode of transmission, commurication occurs only in onedirection, Abasic example of a simplex transmission mode is communication betweena computer anda keyboardand Theradiostationis a simplex channelB (Receive) + Half Duplex Send A Receive rd * Examples, Walkietalkie * Bandwidth in computing, bandwidth is the maximumrateof data trans! pe: ivenpath Thehalf-duplex mode of transmission is used in computer networks when thereis a way to flow information from sender toreceiver but only oneata time. In this mode, the connecteddevices can transmit or receive the data but not simultaneously. The half-duplex mode is used when communication in both directionsis notrequiredat thesametime Ais sending, Bis receiving Bissending, _ Send Ais receiving ————— oo Bandwidth may be characterized as networkbandwi bandwidth. The MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconducto! ecttr factorenabling the rapid increase in banc Edholm'staw, proposed by and named after Phil Edlioim in 2004, holds that the bandwidth of telecommunication networks doubles every 18 months The MOSFET (MOS transistor) was invented by MohamedM. Atalla and DawonKahngat BellLabs in 1959 idth, or digital istor) is the most important & Additional Information + Transmissiormode,aiso known as a communication mode, is the transfer of data between two devices via a communication channel thatincludes an optical fiber, wireless channels, copper wires, and other storage media. + ThePhysicalLayerin the OpenSysteminterconnectior(0SI) Layer Modelis dedicated to data transmission in the network. + The di jata transmission method was initially used in modems in a computer networking system in the 1940s 1940s, then in LANs, WANs, repeaters, and othernetworking systems + Based on thedirection of the exchange of information. The transmission mode is classified into three types: simplex, half duplex, and full duplex‘Transmission “T Simplex Mode Half-Duplex Mode | | Full-Duplex Mode ] eae Rael ere COTS Start Complete Exam Preparation one eae co Corot Question Bank ees Download App Question12: View this Question Online > In which year, SMS was tested? 1. 1990 2, 1991 ok 4. 1993 Answer (Deiailed SolutionBelow) Option 3: 1992 Telecommunicatior® WirelessCommuni jonQuestion12 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is 1992: © Key Points « . ( ¥* SMS: ¢ > Short Message/Messaging Service, commonly abbreviated as SMS, is a textmessaging service componept of most telephone, Internet,and mobile device systems. » The first SMS met was Sent over the Vodafone GSM network in the United Kingdom on 3 Decemberl 992, fromNeil Papworth. © The textof the message was "MerryChristmas. > According to Matti Makkonen,the Nokia 2010, which was released in January 1994, was the first mobile phone to support composing SMSeseasily ~ The first commercial deployment of a short message service center(SMSC) was by Aldiscon part of Logica (now part of CGI) with Telia (now TeliaSonera) in Sweden in 1993 followed by FleetCall (now Nextel) in the US, Telenorin Norway and BT Celinet (now 02 UK) later in 1993. India's #1 Learning Platform Sela merle) (Clue ely) Ca) Da oy Peay Pho ke Ds mien US } Question Bank Pxotiarry Download App Question13: View this Question Online > What is Dynamic HTML 1, Asynchronous Web Development Technique 2. Collaction of technologies to cleateinteractive, animated website 3. Dynamic Web Page: A... Processor Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Collection of technologies tocreateinteractive, animated website Telecommunicatiom& WirelessCommunit ‘tionQuestion13 DetailedSolutionThe correctanswer is a Collectionof technologie do createan interactiveanimatedwebsite. @o Key Points + DHTMLstands for Dynamic HTML, itis totallydifferentfrom HTML. + tis a combination of HTML, CSS, JS, and DOM. + Itis a Collectionof technologiedo createinteractiveanimatedwebsites. + The DHTMLis based on the properties of HTML, javascript,CSs, and DOM which helps in making dynamic content + Italso makes use of Scripting and it is also part ofearlier computing trends. + DHTMLallows differentscnpting languages in a Web page to change their variables + Itenhances the effectsjooks, and many other functions after the whole page has been fully loaded or under a view process, or otherWise static HTML pages on the same. © ConfusionPoints + DHTMLis nota > itis the combination of three differenttechnologies, » client-side scripting (JavaScript or VBScript), cascading stylesheets, and document object mocels. DHTML css| [Cientside] [pom scripting ee India’s #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation rete ree mae ad ieee ese Siriano Bc Download App Question14: View this Question Online > In wireless communication, the base station is connected to the central Hub called 1, PSTN . 2. MSC 3. co ,= xo" Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: MSC Telecommunicatiow& WirelessCommunicationQuestion14 DetailedSolution The Correctanswer is MSC: © Key Points * Wirelesscommunication © Add + PBX: * PABX: Itis a broad term thatincorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using @ wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices To provide wireless communication within a particular geographic region, an integrated network of base stations must be deployed to provide sufficient radio coverage toall mobile users. Thebasestation,in turn, must be connectedto a centralhub called! (mobileswitchingcenter). ional Information Ve + PSTN: Oo PSTNstands for the public switchedtelephon The PSTNforms the global telecommunicati telephone centers with MSCs throughout the: PrivateBranch eXchangea hard athandles routing and switching of calls betweena business locetion and jone network nects conventional Privateautomatedbr anges synonymous with modem-day business telephone systems. Itconnectse; ja| and internal callers to.an internal network via a switchboard without theneed for manual operation in the middle, unike its ancestor PMBX. + The history of wreless communication is discussed below: The first telegraph was invented (1600 - 1833) Theinvention of the radio from the telegraph (1867-1896) Thebirth of radio (1897 - 1898) Transoceanic Communication (1901 -1909) Voice over Radio and the First Television Transmissions (1914 - 1940) Commercial Television and the Birth of Mobile Telephony (1946 - 1976) Cellular Mobile Telephony and Steps toward Wireless Intemet(1979 - 1994) The Wireless Data Era (1997 - 2009) PCS (1995-2008)oz ee eo RCo mn ea SSE la merely Lt) (ey rab Reise Download App Question15: View this Question Oniine > Which of the following is-a unit for measuring bandwidth? ‘* 2. Hertz 3. Bandwidth 4. Bits Answer(Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Bits Telecommunicatiow®& WirelessCommunicationQuestion15 DetailedSolution The correctanswer is Bits. © Key Points ' * Bandwidth is tread MBpressen bits persecond(bps) + Modem network links noWihave far greater capacity, which is why bandwidth is now more often expressed as Mbps or Gbps. + Bandwidth connections can be symmetricalwhich means the data capacityis the samein both directions--upload and download. + Asymmetricalwhich means downloadand uploadcapacityis not equal + In asymmetrical connections, theupload capacity is typically smaller than the download capacity. + EnterprisegradeWAN and DIA links more commonly have symmetrical bandwidth.