POL SC HELP TEST SERIES

CUET PG 2024
Comparative Study- PAPER 2

1.Which is Not matched correctly?

A. Robert Michels- Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical
Tendencies of Modern Democracy
B. Ostrogorsky-Democracy and the Organization of Political Parties
C. Stein Rokkan-Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis
D. Maurice Duverger-Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern
State
E. Myron Weiner- Political Parties and Political Development

2.Which is Not correctly matched?

A. Social Cleavage theory---Lipset and Rokkan
B. Catch all party ---Otto Kirchheimer
C. Oligarchy in political parties ---Robert Michels
D. Linkage between Party and
electoral system ---Giovanni Sartori

3.Which is/are matched correctly?

1. Multi- Party coalition- Proportional representation
2. Two-party system- First Past the post
3. Single party system- Communist polity
4. Multi-party system- oldest democracies

Options:
A. 1,2,4
B. 1,2,3
C. 1,2,3,4
D. 1,3,4
4.Rigid Party system is the feature of?
A. Presidential form of Government
B. Parliamentary form of government
C. Totalitarian form of government
D. Communist Government

5.Which thinker studied single party dominance in Indian Polity?

A. Morris Jones
B. Rajni Kothari
C. Paul Brass
D. Both A & B

6.Which is Not one of the factors affecting party system?

A. Electoral system
B. Economic status of the nation
C. political culture
D. Time

7.Assertion: Maurice Duverger Postulated that FPTP electoral system most likely to
result into two party system
Reason: FPTP system induces strategic voting which minimize the electoral fortune of
the 3rd political party in the election race

Choose the correct option:

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B - Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
C - A is true but R is false.
D - A is false but R is true

8.Which of these countries has Not a matured two-party system?

A. Canada
B. USA
C. Switzerland
D. Australia
9.Which type of political party is popular in majority of democratic countries?
A. Liberal Parties
B. Conservative parties
C. Communist Party
D. Socialist Party

10.Whigs and Tori were the name of political party in?

A. England
B. USA
C. Both the Above
D. Germany

11.Which is Not a demerit of Political Culture approach to Comparative Study?

A. Cultural units have not clear and distinct border
B. Within one nation there may be multiple Political Culture
C. It has not been applied much in study of Comparative Study
D. Cultural explanations require supporting social mechanisms
E. It undermine sub-cultures

12.Combination of which types of political culture produces civic culture?

A. Subject and Parochial
B. Parochial and participative
C. Participative and Subject
D. Subject, Parochial, and Participative

13.Almond and Verba did empirical study of political culture in 5 countries to write
their thesis in the book ‘the civic culture’(1963); which is Not one of those countries?
A. USA
B. UK
C. Mexico
D. France
E. Germany
14.Which is Not correctly matched?
Political Culture as per Almond & Verba Country
A. Homogeneous Culture A. UK
B. Elite mass culture B. India
C. Parochial Culture C. Uganda
D. Participative Political Culture D. China

15.Who categorized political culture as matured, developed, low, and minimal?

A. Talcott Parsons
B. Almond & Verba
C. Almond & Powell
D. Samuel Edward Finer

16.Which famous sociologist influenced Almond & Verba in developing their concepts
in Political Culture?
A. Robert K Merton
B. Durkheim
C. Talcott Parsons
D. Max Weber

17.Robert Dahl identified five salient orientations of political culture which may
determine patterns of political opposition; which is Not of those orientations?
A. Orientation of problem-solving
B. Orientation to collective actions
C. Orientation to the political system
D. Orientation to Political Party
E. Orientation to other people

18.In the context of political culture, what does the "Orientation to Other People" refer
to?
A) Trust and cooperation among citizens
B) Belief in personal political efficacy
C) Individual interests in the political system
D) Attitudes towards political leaders
19.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the political culture approach to
comparative political analysis?

(A) The approach is based on the assumption that political culture is fixed and
unchanging.
(B) The approach can be used to develop more effective policies and programs.
(C) The approach is incompatible with the study of political change.
(D) The approach is only useful for studying developed democracies.

20.Which of the following is Not an example of a study that uses the political culture
approach to comparative political analysis?

A. to explain why some countries are more likely to experience democratic transitions
than others
B. why some countries are more successful at implementing economic reforms than
others
C. To study why all organizations in any political system ultimately shows features of
oligarchy
D. to develop more effective development assistance programs that are more likely to be
successful in achieving their goals.

21.Which is Not correctly matched?

A. A Systems Analysis of Political Life- David Easton
B. Cultural Shift in Advanced Industrial Society- Ronald Inglehart
C. Political Culture- Lucian Pye
D. The Civic Culture- Almond & Powell

22.Which is not correct about Gabriel Almond’s contribution to comparative politics?

A. Develop the structural functional approach
B. Empirical study of political culture
C. Wide ranging studies on political development
D. headed the Comparative Administration Group (CAG) in USA for 10 years
23. single-winner version of single transferable voting is called?
A. Instant-runoff voting
B. Supplementary Vote (SV)
C. Simple majority voting
D. Closed List system

24.Which is Not one the variants of the Plurality System?

A. Single-Transferable-Vote
B. Alternate Vote(AV)
C. Supplementary Vote( SV)
D. Second Ballot system

25.What is threshold in proportional representation electoral system?

A. Minimum numbers of seats a political party must obtain to get representation in the
Legislature
B. Minimum number of seats from which the political party must contest to get their
votes converted into seats
C. A complex formula for converting votes into seats proportionately
D. the minimum percentage of votes a political party or coalition needs to obtain in order
to qualify for getting their votes converted to seats

26.Which is Not a feature of STV?

A. A fixed quota of votes each winner needs to obtain
B. Multiple winners
C. Transferring the next preference votes of the votes to the eliminated candidate
D. Single member constituency

27.Which of these countries have adopted the two-round system for electing their
presidents?
1. France
2. Brazil
3. Maldives
4. Turkey
Options:
A. 1,2,3
B. 2,3,4
C. 2,4
D. 1,2,3,4

28.Proportional representation is Not used for general election in?

A. Switzerland
B. Germany
C. Canada
D. Italy

29.Which of this is Not a proportional representation electoral system?

A. Party list system
B. Single transferable voting (STV)
C. Instant-runoff voting (IRV)
D. Hare quota system

30.Match list 1 and list 2

List 1(Electoral system) List 2(Country)
1. Majoritarian (FPTP) A. Germany
2. Two round runoff B. Russia
3. Preferential Voting C. Nigeria
4. Mixed member proportional representation D. Australia
Options:
A. 1-C, 2-D, 3- B, 4-A
B. 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
C. 1-C, 2-D, 3- A, 4-B
D. 1-A, 2-C, 3- B, 4-D
31.Which is not one of the advantages of the proportional representation electoral
system?
A. Seats won by political parties are roughly proportionate to the votes obtained by them
B. Parties representing the interest of numerical minorities also get representation in the
legislature
C. Votes are not wasted
D. It is simple to administer and count the winner

32.Which is not one of the advantages of the First past the post system?

A. It is simple to administer and count the winner

B. It may lead to two party system
C. There is a direct link between the constituency and its representative
D. It generally leads to a single party winning majority of seat leading to a stable
government formation

33.Which of these are the demerits of the first past the post system?

A. It leads to wastage of votes

B. It may encourage strategic voting which unduly harm the third party
C. Political party representing minority may not be represented in Legislature
D. The winner might have got only a minority Vote
E. All the above

34.Which is not one of the demerits of the proportional representation electoral system
A. It is complex to administer
B. Counting votes and declaring the winner takes more time
C. In many of its variants there is no direct linkage between the constituency and its
representation representatives
D. It helps in stable government formation
E. It generally leads to multi-party system in which there is no clear winner and hence
government formation becomes slow & tardy
35. Match
1. Iron law of Oligarchy -Francis Fukuyama
2. The Power Elites- Robert Micheles
3. Clash of civilization- Samual Huntington
4. End of History - C. Wright Mill

Options:
A. 1-C, 2-A, 3- B, 4-D
B. 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A
C. 1-C, 2-A, 3- D, 4-B
D. 1-B, 2-D, 3- A, 4-C

36.Which pair is Not correctly matched?

A. Arthur Bentley The Process of Government’
B. Graham Wallas Human Nature in Politics
C. Charles Merriam New Aspects of Politics
D. David Easton An introduction to
comparative government

37.The Behavioural approach to Comparative Politics does Not emphasize?

A. Systematic collection and examination of facts
B. Quantitative study
C. Value fact integration
D. Behaviours of political actor

38.Which thinker is considered to have established new Institutionalism as modern

approach to study Comparative Study?
A. March & Olsen
B. James Bryce
C. Lowell
D. Ostrogorski
39.Which is Not correct about institutionalism?
A. Studying, observing, and analyzing politics from the institutional perspective
B. It is considered only as traditional approach to study Comparative Study
C. Assumption that Institution matters because it shapes political behavior and hence
political process and outcomes
D. Comparing Institutions and Institutional arrangements in different nations, regions,
cultures to understand ‘the political’

40.Which is Not a difference between old and new Institutionalism?

A. Old Institutionalism is Formal, legal, descriptive, Normative, philosophical, historical
whereas new Institutionalism is Analytical, explanatory & Empirical
B. Old Institutionalism is considered traditional, whereas new Institutionalism is
considered as a modern approach
C. In comparison to old one, the new Institutionalism is more parochial
D. Old Institutionalism focus more on ‘hard’ rules and formal organizations, whereas
New Institutionalism includes Much wider definition of institution, include ‘soft’
rules and informal organizations

41. Which of these is not correct about structuralism as an approach to study

comparative politics?

A. It focuses on larger societal structures, which may include institutions, power

relations, norms, and ideologies.
B. It considers various elements within a society as interconnected and studies
Interrelation and interactions among the various elements
C. It often incorporates historical context.
D. It gives emphasis on individual agency in political analysis
E. It focuses more on macro rather than the micro analysis

42.Match
1. An Economic Theory of Democracy William Riker
2. The Theory of Political Coalitions Charles Merriam
3. Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach Anthony Downs
4. New Aspects of Politics Gabrieal Almond
Options:
A. 1-C, 2-A, 3- B, 4-D
B. 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C
C. 1-C, 2-A, 3- D, 4-B
D. 1-B, 2-D, 3- C, 4-A

43.Match
1. System approach William Riker
2. Behaviouralism Charles Merriam
3. Structural-functionalism David Easton
4. Rational Choice Gabrieal Almond

Options:
A. 1-C, 2-A, 3- B, 4-D
B. 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C
C. 1-C, 2-B, 3- D, 4-A
D. 1-B, 2-D, 3- C, 4-A

44.Which of these is not a input function as per Gabriel Almond’s structural functional
approach to comparative politics?
A. Political socialization
B. Interest articulation
C. Rule adjudication
D. Interest aggregation
E. Political communication

45.Which is not one of the types of party structure formulated by Maurice Duverger?
A. Cell
B. Caucus
C. Mass
D. Branch
E. Militia
46.Which is not a form of totalitarian rule?
A. Fascism
B. Communism
C. Military Rule
D. Theocratic rule

47.Which of the following is Not true about the totalitarian rule?

A. A single-party rule with a monopoly on power
B. A charismatic leader who is revered by the people
C. A powerful state ideology that is used to control and justify the actions of the regime
D. Civil liberties and fundamental rights
E. The government state controlling all aspects of public and private life

48.Which of the pair is currently matched?

India’s neighbouring countries – form of government
1. Sri Lanka – semi presidential
2. Bhutan – constitutional monarchy
3. Maldives – presidential
4. Bangladesh- parliamentary
5. Nepal – constitutional monarchy
Options:
A. 1,2,3,5
B. 1,2,4,5
C. 1,2,3,4,5
D. 1,2,3,4
49.Which of these Asian countries is not a constitutional monarchy?
A. Thailand
B. Cambodia
C. Japan
D. Indonesia
50.Which pair is matched incorrectly?
Asian country – electoral system for their general election
A. Thailand- mixed member apportionment
B. Indonesia- open list proportional representation
C. Malaysia- first-past-the-post
D. South Korea- Closed list proportional representation

51. After Second World war, the objectives put forwarded by Almond before the
Scholars for Comparative Politics, do not include:
A. Strict separation of facts & value
B. Development of Generalizations
C. Interdisciplinary Approach
D. Normative Evaluation
E. development of rigorous comparative methodology
 POL SC HELP TEST SERIES-
CUET PG-2024
Answer Key and Addl.INFO
CP- Paper 2
Ques. Ans Explanation/Addl. Info
No. Key

1. C Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis (1976)- Giovanni

Sartori

2. D E. Linkage between Party and

electoral system --- Maurice Duverger

3. B oldest democracies – matured two party system

4. B In a parliamentary form of government the sustenance of government

depends on continued confidence of the legislatures and therefore the
party need to keep its discipline intact so that no member vote against the
party line ; this give a kind of rigidness to the party system in
parliamentary form of government

5. D Rajni Kotari called it the Congress system whereas Maurice Johns termed
it single party dominant system

6. B This is the least attractive option

7. A Very important ; has been asked many times

8. C Switzerland has a multi party system

9. B Note that currently the Conservative parties are in power in USA, UK
Germany and in many major nations in the world

10. A Whigs later called the Liberal Party and Tory the conservative

11. C Political cultural approach now is being used widely in the study of
different political phenomena

12. C In few places on Internet it is given that the civic culture is balanced
mixture of all three ideal type of political culture formulated by Almond
and Verba but in my view the better answer is that it is the balanced
mixture of subject and participative political culture
13. D Almond and Verba did empirical study of political culture in 5 countries-
USA, UK, Mexico, Italy, Germany; on this basis they formulated the
concept of political culture and wrote the book ‘the civic culture(1963)’

14. D China shows the characteristic of subject type of political culture

15. D Just know

16. C Talcott Parsons Also influenced development of structural functional

approach in political science

17. D 5th orientation is orientation to self

18. A

19. B
20. C

21. D The Civic Culture- Almond & Verba

22. D Fred Riggs headed the Comparative Administration Group (CAG) in

USA for 10 years

23. A In the single transferable vote, generally multiple candidates are declared
winner; when there is only one winner this converts into Instant-runoff
voting

24. A Single-Transferable-Vote is considered a proportional representation

electoral system

25. D

26. D In the single transferable vote, generally multiple candidates are declared
winner

27. D In the two round system if there is no winner in the first round then the top
two candidates are voted second time and of course one will be winner in
the second round
note that in both the round the voting system is FPTP

28. C Canada uses FPTP

29. C Instant-runoff voting (IRV) is considered majoritarian or plurality voting

system
30. D Must know the voting system in major countries

31. D Proposal representation system is complex to administer and time taking

to count the vote and declare the winner

32. B FPTP may lead to two party system but this is not an advantage or
disadvantage

33. E Merits and demerits of these two major types of electoral system must
be known clearly

34. D
35. B All these are very famous thesis in comparative politics and must be
remembered

36. D An introduction to comparative government- Gabriel Almond

37. C Behavioural approach to Comparative Politics emphasize Fact and value

separation

38. A March & Olsen wrote ‘The New Institutionalism: Organizational Factors
in Political Life(1984)’

39. B Institutionalism is both considered traditional as well as its new variant -

the new institutionalism- is considered a modern approach

40. C Reverse: In comparison to the new one, the old Institutionalism is more
parochial

41. D Reverse: It does not give emphasis on individual agency in political

analysis; Rather it gives emphasis on the structure over agency

42. C These books and authors are very important must be remembered

43. C Must be remembered

44. C Rule and law making, and adjudication Are the output functions of the
political system as per Gabriel Almond

45. C Just know the four types of party structure given by Maurice Duverger; it
was asked last year
46. C Military rule is an authoritarian and dictatorship but not necessarily a
totalitarian state which is marked by a distinct state ideology which is
generally absent in a military rule

47. D Civil liberties and fundamental rights hardly exist in a totalitarian state

48. D Nepal – Parliamentary Republic

49. D Indonesia is a republic of presidential form of government

50. D South Korea- mixed-member proportional representation (MMP)

51. A Almond gave the political culture approach , how can he neglect the value
and recommend fact value separation?