AI Project Cycle

The AI Project Cycle is a step-by-step process that a company must follow in

order to derive value from an AI project and to solve the problem.

There are five different stage of AI Project Cycle.

Stage of AI Project Cycle

Problem Scoping
Whenever we begin a new project, we encounter a number of challenges. In
fact, we are surrounded with issues! These issues might be minor or major;
sometimes we overlook them, and other times we require immediate attention.

To understand a problem, determine the different aspects that affect the

problem, and define the project’s goal are problem scoping.

How to Identify the Problem Scoping in AI Project

Follow the following steps to identify the problem scoping from the project –

 Understand why the project was started.

 Define the project’s primary objectives.
 Outline the project’s work statement.
 Determine the most important goals.
 Choose important milestones.
 Determine the major constraints.
 Make a list of scope exclusions.
Acquiring Data from following Source
4Ws Problem Canvas

The 4 W’s of Problem Scoping are Who, What, Where, and Why. This 4 W’s
helps to identify and understand the problem in a better manner.
a. Who – The “Who” element helps us to understand and categorize who is
directly and indirectly affected by the problem, and who are known as
Stakeholders.
b. What – The “What” section aids us in analyzing and recognizing the nature
of the problem, and you may also gather evidence to establish that the
problem you’ve chosen exists under this block.
c. Where – What is the situation, and where does the problem arise.
d. Why – Refers to why we need to address the problem and what the
advantages will be for the stakeholders once the problem is solved.
Statement of the Problem Template
After you’ve completed the above 4Ws, make a summary of what you’ve
learned. The problem statement template is the name for this summary. This
template summarizes all of the important points in one place. So, if the same
problem comes again, this statement will make it much easier to fix.

Problem Statement Template with space to fill details according to your

Goal:

Data Acquisition
The method of collecting correct and dependable data to work with is known
as data acquisition. Data can be in the form of text, video, photos, audio, and
so on, and it can be gathered from a variety of places such as websites,
journals, and newspapers.

What is Data
Data is a representation of facts or instructions about an entity that can be
processed or conveyed by a human or a machine, such as numbers, text,
pictures, audio clips, videos, and so on.

There is two type of data –

1. Structured Data
2. Unstructured Data

a. Structured Data
When data is in a standardized format, has a well-defined structure, follows a
consistent order, and is easily accessible by humans and program. This data
is in the form of numbers, characters, special characters etc.
b. Unstructured Data
Unstructured data is information that doesn’t follow traditional data models
and is therefore difficult to store and manage. Video, audio, and image files,
as well as log files, are all examples of unstructured data.
Dataset
Dataset is a collection of data in tabular format. Dataset contains numbers or
values that are related to a specific subject. For example, students’ test scores
in a class is a dataset.

The dataset is divided into two parts

a. Training dataset – Training dataset is a large dataset that teaches a
machine learning model. Machine learning algorithms are trained to make
judgments or perform a task through training datasets. Maximum part of the
dataset comes under training data (Usually 80%)
b. Test dataset – Data that has been clearly identified for use in tests, usually
of a computer program, is known as test data. 20% of data used in test data

Acquiring Data from Reliable Sources

There are six ways to collect data.

a. Surveys
A research method for gathering data from a predetermined sample of
respondents in order to get knowledge and insights into a variety of issues.
b. Cameras
We can collect visual data with the help of cameras, this data is unstructured
data that can be analyzed via Machine learning.
c. Web Scripting
Web scribing is a technique for collecting structured data from the internet,
such as news monitoring, market research, and price tracking.
d. Observation
Some of the information we can gather through attentive observation and
monitoring.
e. Sensors
With the help of sensors also we can collect the data. A device that detects or
measures a physical property are called sensors, such as biomatrix.
f. Application program interface
An API is a software interface that enables two apps to communicate with one
another.
How to create a System Map with example of Water Cycle.

All of the constituents of the Water Cycle are circled in this System Map. With
the help of arrows, the map depicts the cause and effect relationships
between elements. The arrowhead represents the effect’s direction, while the
(+ or -) indicates their relationship. If the arrow with the + sign goes from X to
Y, it suggests the two are directly related.

That is, as X rises, Y rises as well, and vice versa. If the arrow, on the other
hand, goes with a – sign between X and Y, it signifies that both elements are
inversely connected.

This means that while X increases, Y decreases, and vice versa.

Now, it’s your turn to build your own System Map!

Data Exploration
In order to better understand the nature of the data, data analysts utilize data
visualization and statistical tools to convey dataset characterizations, such as
size, amount, and accuracy.

Data exploration is a technique used to visualize data in the form of statistical

methods or using graphs.

Why Data Exploration

Exploration helps you gain a better understanding of a dataset, making it
easier to explore and use it later. It also helps to quickly understand the data’s
trends, and patterns.

About Data Visualization Chart

Data visualization charts are graphical representations of data that use
symbols to convey a story and help people understand large volumes of
information.

The following are some of the most frequent data visualization chart and
graph formats:

a. Column Chart – A column chart is a basic Visualization chart that uses

vertical columns to represent data series. Because column lengths are easy to
compare, column charts are an effective approach to demonstrate the
changes in the data.
b. Bar Chart – A bar chart is a visual representation of category data. The
data is displayed in a bar chart with multiple bars, each representing a
different category.

Modelling
AL, ML & DL
Venn Diagram of AI
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in robots that
have been trained to think and act like humans. The term can also refer to any
machine that demonstrates, like humans, the ability to learn and solve the
problem is Artificial Intelligence.

Machine Learning
Machine learning is a part of an Artificial Intelligence application in which we
give data to the machine and allow them to learn for themselves. It’s
essentially getting a machine to accomplish something without being
specifically programmed to do so.

Deep Learning
Deep learning is a part of Artificial Intelligence that uses neural networks with
multilayer. Deep learning analyzes the data, learns the data and solves the
problem the same as a human. Deep learning requires the machine to be
educated with a large quantity of data in order to train itself.

Rule Based
The rule-based approach to AI modeling is when the developer defines the
relationship or patterns in data. The machine follows the developer’s rules or
instructions and completes its job properly.

What is Modeling
An AI model is a program that has been trained to recognize patterns using a
set of data. AI modeling is the process of creating algorithms, also known as
models, that may be educated to produce intelligent results. This is the
process of programming code to create a machine artificially.

Rule Based AI Model (Decision Tree)

Learning Based Approach

Refers to AI modeling in which the developer hasn’t specified the relationship
or patterns in the data. Random data is provided to the computer in this
method, and the system is left to figure out patterns and trends from it. When
the data is unlabeled and too random for a human to make sense of, this
method is usually used.
Decision Tree in AI
The concept of Decision Trees is similar to that of Story Speaker. It’s a rule-
based AI model that uses numerous judgments (or rules) to assist the
machine in determining what an element is. The following is the basic
structure of a decision tree:

Points to Remember
When creating Decision Trees, one should carefully examine the dataset
provided and try to determine what pattern the output leaf follows. Try picking
one output and figuring out the common links that all similar outputs have
based on it.

When building a decision tree, it’s common for the dataset to have redundant
material that’s of no use. As a result, you should make a list of the parameters
that directly affect the output and use only those when designing a decision
tree.

For a single dataset, there may be several decision trees that lead to correct
prediction. The most straightforward option should be selected.

Evaluation
After a model has been created and trained, it must be thoroughly tested in
order to determine its efficiency and performance; this is known as evaluation.