International Politics On The World Stage Brief 8th Edition Rourke Test Bank

International Politics on the World
Stage Brief 8th Edition Rourke Test

Bank
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Chapter 7
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually
A. private individuals.
B. international interest groups.
C. national governments.
D. transnational corporations.
2. Arguably the first IGO, established in 478 B.C., was called the
A. League of Nations.
B. Delian League.
C. Athens Conference.
D. Peloponnesian war.
3. In modern times, the first example of an IGO based on the goal of universal concern for improving
the condition of humanity was the
A. Treaty of Westphalia.
B. Hague System.
C. League of Nations.
D. Treaty of Amsterdam.
4. The League of Nations was intended mainly as a(n)
A. peacekeeping organization.
B. economic organization.
C. balance in a bipolar world system.
D. forum for advancing human rights.
5. Which of the following IGOs succeeded the League of Nations?
A. the United Nations

B. the European Union
C. the World Trade Organization
D. NATO
6. Which of the following did the authors not list as a reason for growth in IGOs?
A. Increased international contact

B. The efforts of small states to gain strength through joint action
C. The expansion of transnational problems
D. The end of the Cold War.
7. There were ______ IGOs established during the 1800s.
A. 6
B. 12
C. 18
D. 24
8. Which one of the following ideas does not support or promote the concept of international
organization?
A. The universal concern for improving the condition of humanity

B. The idea that big powers have a responsibility to cooperate and preserve peace
C. The idea of ensuring that the national interests of states are always protected
D. The idea of specialized agencies to deal with specific social and economic problems
9. The oldest surviving IGO is the
A. Universal Postal Union.

B. United Nations.
C. Concert of Europe.
D. Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine.
10. Over the past century the number of permanent international organizations has
A. declined as the number of states has increased.

B. grown with the growth of states.
C. remained relatively stable.
D. fluctuated depending on the number of states involved in international conflict.
11. An IGO might deal with any of the following issues except
A. terrorism.
B. environmental regulation.
C. state taxation.
D. peacekeeping.
12. Functionalism refers to the idea that the way to global cooperation is through
A. a top-down approach.
B. a bottom-up approach.
C. an equity-based approach.
D. a weighted-population approach.
13. The neofunctionalist approach to studying cooperation is best described as
A. bilateral.
B. top-down.
C. bottom-up.
D. an evolutionary approach.
14. Neofunctionalists are skeptical of the
A. functionalist belief that non-political cooperation can lead to full political cooperation.
B. functionalist belief that only high-level political cooperation can lead to cooperation on other,
non-political issues.
C. idealist notion that IGOs can help perpetuate peace.
D. idealist notion that IGOs hurt the global peace effort.
15. Which of the following IGOs demonstrates the ways in which the world has become increasingly
economically interdependent?
A. IMF
B. NATO
C. United Nations
D. IMMARSAT
16. A regime is a(n)
A. collection of norms, processes, and organizations that together help to govern the behavior of
states.
B. type of IGO with supranational governing capabilities.
C. governing body that places specific, but limited, restrictions on states.
D. type of NGO whose members are a combination of state and non-state actors.
17. Which of the following may be best equipped to address issues related to the world's oceans?
A. MNCs
B. individual states
C. individual continents
D. IGOs
18. Which of the following is not a possible role of IGOs?
A. to provide an interactive arena for actors

B. to provide a forum for multinational corporations to interact
C. to promote cooperation among states
D. to act as an independent international actor
19. The regime for oceans and seas is made up of all of the following except
A. Law of the Sea Treaty.

B. National laws preventing pollution.
C. freedom of the seas.
D. IAEA
20. A supranational organization can best be described as an organization that
A. helps to coordinate all other organizations within any given state.

B. helps to coordinate all IGOs.
C. has legal authority over its members.
D. is contained within states.
21. Of the following, the idea that most strongly opposes the notion of world government is
A. capitalism.
B. nationalism.
C. communism.
D. universalism.
22. The European Union is a current example of what type of IGO structure?
A. centralized
B. federal
C. confederal
D. national
23. Which of the following is not an example of a regional IGO?
A. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

B. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
C. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
D. Organization of American States (OAS)
24. Which of the following regional IGOs has moved toward full economic integration?
A. Organization of American States (OAS)

B. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
C. European Union (EU)
D. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
25. Which potential form of global governmental does not preserve the sovereign authority of states?
A. Networks of IGOs
B. A unitary government
C. A confederal government
D. A federal government
26. The membership of the EU currently totals
A. 10.
B. 15.
C. 25.
D. 27.
27. Which country was not a member of the European Coal and Steel Community?
A. Italy
B. France
C. Belgium
D. the United Kingdom
28. The European Union is the product of a merger of all of the following bodies except the
European
A. Economic Community.
B. Trade and Political Union.
C. Coal and Steel Community.
D. Atomic Energy Community.
29. For most of its history, the EC focused on
A. security issues.
B. economic issues.
C. common foreign policy.
D. political cooperation.
30. The Single European Act of 1987 (SEA) is significant because it was the act
A. that originally brought together the European Community.

B. that established trade relations between EC members and African, Caribbean, and Pacific
countries.
C. by which EC countries committed to becoming fully economically integrated.
D. wherein all member-countries agreed to adopt the euro as the single unit of currency.
31. The 1993 Treaty on European Union is more commonly known as the
A. Hague Convention.
B. Treaty of Rome.
C. Maastricht Treaty.
D. Strasbourg Declaration.
32. The executive branch of the European Union is the
A. European Parliament.
B. European Court of Justice.
C. European Commission.
D. Council of the European Union.
33. The European Union makes most non-routine policy decisions through
A. weighted voting.
B. majority voting.
C. unanimity voting.
D. local voting.
34. The EU's bureaucracy is organized under the
A. Council of the European Union.

B. European Commission.
C. European Parliament.
D. General Assembly.
35. Which of the following was not a treaty which contributed to European integration?
A. Maastricht Treaty
B. Treaty of Nice
C. Single European Act
D. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
36. Complains about abuses of power or other alleged transgressions by EU authorities are handled
by the
B. European Ombudsman.
C. Hague system.
D. UNGA
37. Members of the European Parliament are elected to serve a
A. 2-year term.
B. 4-year term.
C. 5-year term.
D. 6-year term.
38. The European country with the most seats on the European Parliament is
A. France.
B. Germany.
C. Spain.
D. Austria.
39. The Court of Justice of the European Union has
A. 5 judges.
B. 9 judges.
C. 13 judges.
D. 27 judges.
40. The EU constitution
A. has not yet been drafted.

B. passed, thanks to the support of parliamentarians in Lithuania and Great Britain.
C. passed by a close margin in 2005.
D. was rejected in May 2005, after close votes in France and the Netherlands.
41. The United Nations can best be described as a
A. regime with a unitary purpose.

B. single-purpose organization with many members.
C. single-purpose organization with very few members.
D. nearly universal organization with many member-countries.
42. In 1998 the UN General Assembly voted to give which group of people informal associate
membership status?
A. The Basques
B. The Aborigines
C. The Kurds
D. The Palestinians
43. Which of the following UN organizations has representation from all UN member-countries?
A. General Assembly
B. Security Council
C. Economic and Social Council
D. Secretariat
44. Plenary representative bodies in IGOs reflect the norm of
A. mutual responsibility for the organization and its policies.

B. state sovereignty.
C. balance of power.
D. polarity.
45. A UN organ that is based on limited membership is the
A. Security Council.
B. bureaucracy.
C. General Assembly.
D. plenary representative body.
46. The UN Security Council has how many permanent members?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 15
D. 20
47. Which one of the following UN organs gives its permanent members veto power?
A. the Secretariat
B. the General Assembly
C. the Security Council
D. the International Court of Justice
48. The major voting methods of UN include all of the following except
A. unanimity voting.
B. majority voting.
C. minority voting.
D. weighted voting.
49. The administrative body of the United Nations is called the
A. Secretariat.
B. Security Council.
D. Economic and Social Council.
50. Currently, the UN Secretary-General is
A. Kofi Annan.
B. Ban Ki-moon.
C. Dag Hammarskjöld.
D. Boutros Boutros-Ghali.
51. By tradition, most prospective candidates for secretary-general are put forward by
A. their home regions.

B. their home countries.
C. self-selection.
D. the General Assembly.
52. In 2007, which of the following decisions made by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was a
disappointment for the Bush administration?
A. Ban's decision not to expand UN involvement in Iraq.

B. Ban's call for the U.S. to reverse its reduction in funding for the UN.
C. Ban's call for Guantanamo to be closed.
D. All of the above.
53. The number of management positions held by women in the UN
A. is staggeringly low compared to most countries.

B. has been declining with the addition of new countries into the UN.
C. is relatively high compared to most countries.
D. is relatively high compared to LDCs, but is lower than EDCs.
54. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has a budget of about
A. $1 million
B. $100 million
C. $1 billion
D. $100 billion
55. The finances of the UN are almost entirely dependent on
A. special grants.
B. revenues from operations.
C. voluntary contributions.
D. assessments it levies on member-countries.
56. UN contributions owed by countries are determined according to
A. national wealth.
B. population.
C. anticipated use of UN services.
D. proportion of funds needed, after donations from individuals and NGOs.
57. The International Atomic Energy Agency is an affiliate of the UN that
A. monitors nuclear energy facilities to prevent accidents.

B. provides energy resources to LDCs.
C. helps countries develop viable energy resources to replace less environmentally friendly forms
of energy like coal.
D. helps promote and monitor the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.
58. One survey of people in 43 countries found that ______ of respondents said that the UN was
having a good impact on their country.
A. 47%
B. 57%
C. 67%
D. 77%
59. The UN is directly involved in all of the following activities except
A. facilitating trade.
B. promoting social welfare.
C. promoting human rights.
D. protecting the environment.
60. All of the following organizations are associated with the United Nations except
A. the World Health Organization.

B. Amnesty International.
C. the World Bank.
D. UNICEF.
61. An organization must have global participation and membership in order to be an

intergovernmental organization.
True False
62. As the number of international organizations is increasing, their scope is also increasing.
True False
63. Functionalists advocate a top-down approach to international cooperation.
True False
64. A regime is a single organization designed to supervise state actions.
True False
65. Most nationalists support the establishment of a world government.
True False
66. The European Union is a current example of a confederation.
True False
67. The Maastricht Treaty is the most recent EU agreement to further economic and political
integration.
True False
68. Individuals on the European Commission are supposed to represent the viewpoint of their
country.
True False
69. On the whole in Europe there is mixed support for EU expansion.
True False
70. The European Ombudsman and the Court of Auditors are both oversight agencies of the EU.
True False
71. All countries that participate in the United Nations are able to vote in the General Assembly.
True False
72. The UN Security Council is an example of a plenary representative council.
True False
73. The IMF uses a weighted voting system for its decision making.
True False
74. The UN has veto-power over the decisions of its members.
True False
75. The UN's mission to establish norms against violence has influenced U.S. foreign intervention.
True False
76. Identify the three main root systems that have fueled the current growth of international
organizations.
77. What is the main difference between functionalism and neofunctionalism?
78. List reasons given in the text that explain the expansion of international organizations.
79. List the four possible roles of IGOs outlined in the text.
80. List one advantage and one disadvantage of IGOs functioning as interactive arenas.
81. Define the term "regime" and state its purpose.
82. Describe three practical barriers/political objections to a world government.
83. What oversight mechanisms are available in the European Union and what do these oversight
institutions do?
84. Why might economic integration lead to political integration?
85. Name the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
86. Describe the various voting schemas used by international organizations. Which is the most
common in IGOs?
87. Where does most of the UN's budget come from?

88. List the three types of budgets of the UN. What does each budget support?
89. List the six ways in which the UN promotes international peace and security.
90. List the four standards by which one may measure the success of IGOs.
91. Describe several instances in which the idea of "big-power" peacekeeping has been put into
practice.
92. Explain how functionalists and neofunctionalist view international political cooperation.
93. What are some of the alternative forms that a future world government might take? Are there any
existing models that such an organization might follow?
94. Explain the concept of regimes and how they relate to IGOs. Give an example of a regime and
explain how it operates.
95. What is a supranational organization? Discuss the arguments for and against expanding
supranational authority. Which arguments do you find most convincing?
96. Discuss the efforts to establish a constitution for the European Union. In your opinion, is the EU
constitution a good idea? Why or why not?
97. Are member-countries within the UN equal? Why, or why not? Is this a contentious issue among
member states? Explain your answer and give examples.
98. Although issues of war and peace usually take center stage at the UN, most of the work that the
UN accomplishes is not directly related to security issues. What are the nonmilitary roles of the
United Nations, and how are they, if at all, related to war and peace?
99. Identify and discuss at least four social, economic, and/or environmental activities of the UN and
other intergovernmental organizations. Do you agree that each of these activities should fall
under the realm of IGOs? Why or why not?
100.The text discusses four standards to evaluate IGOs. Which one do you think is most fruitful, and
why? Use this model to evaluate the success of the United Nations.
Chapter 7 Key
1. The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually

(p. 168)
A. private individuals.
B. international interest groups.
C. national governments.
D. transnational corporations.
Boyer - Chapter 07 #1
2. Arguably the first IGO, established in 478 B.C., was called the
(p. 169)
A. League of Nations.
B. Delian League.
C. Athens Conference.
D. Peloponnesian war.
3. In modern times, the first example of an IGO based on the goal of universal concern for
(p. 171) improving the condition of humanity was the
A. Treaty of Westphalia.
B. Hague System.
C. League of Nations.
D. Treaty of Amsterdam.
4. The League of Nations was intended mainly as a(n)

(p. 171)
A. peacekeeping organization.
B. economic organization.
C. balance in a bipolar world system.
D. forum for advancing human rights.
5. Which of the following IGOs succeeded the League of Nations?
(p. 171)
A. the United Nations

B. the European Union
C. the World Trade Organization
D. NATO
6. Which of the following did the authors not list as a reason for growth in IGOs?
(p. 172)
A. Increased international contact

B. The efforts of small states to gain strength through joint action
C. The expansion of transnational problems
D. The end of the Cold War.
7. There were ______ IGOs established during the 1800s.

(p. 171)
A. 6
B. 12
C. 18
D. 24
8. Which one of the following ideas does not support or promote the concept of international
(p. 173- organization?
174)
A. The universal concern for improving the condition of humanity

B. The idea that big powers have a responsibility to cooperate and preserve peace
C. The idea of ensuring that the national interests of states are always protected
D. The idea of specialized agencies to deal with specific social and economic problems
9. The oldest surviving IGO is the

(p. 171)
A. Universal Postal Union.

B. United Nations.
C. Concert of Europe.
D. Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine.
10. Over the past century the number of permanent international organizations has
(p. 171-
172)
A. declined as the number of states has increased.

B. grown with the growth of states.
C. remained relatively stable.
D. fluctuated depending on the number of states involved in international conflict.
11. An IGO might deal with any of the following issues except
(p. 173-
174)
A. terrorism.
B. environmental regulation.
C. state taxation.
D. peacekeeping.
12. Functionalism refers to the idea that the way to global cooperation is through
(p. 169)
A. a top-down approach.
B. a bottom-up approach.
C. an equity-based approach.
D. a weighted-population approach.
13. The neofunctionalist approach to studying cooperation is best described as

(p. 170-
171)
A. bilateral.
B. top-down.
C. bottom-up.
D. an evolutionary approach.
14. Neofunctionalists are skeptical of the

(p. 170)
A. functionalist belief that non-political cooperation can lead to full political cooperation.
B. functionalist belief that only high-level political cooperation can lead to cooperation on other,
non-political issues.
C. idealist notion that IGOs can help perpetuate peace.
D. idealist notion that IGOs hurt the global peace effort.
15. Which of the following IGOs demonstrates the ways in which the world has become
(p. 172) increasingly economically interdependent?
A. IMF
B. NATO
C. United Nations
D. IMMARSAT
16. A regime is a(n)

(p. 175)
A. collection of norms, processes, and organizations that together help to govern the behavior
of states.
B. type of IGO with supranational governing capabilities.
C. governing body that places specific, but limited, restrictions on states.
D. type of NGO whose members are a combination of state and non-state actors.
17. Which of the following may be best equipped to address issues related to the world's oceans?
(p. 173-
175)
A. MNCs
B. individual states
C. individual continents
D. IGOs
18. Which of the following is not a possible role of IGOs?

(p. 173-
176)
A. to provide an interactive arena for actors

B. to provide a forum for multinational corporations to interact
C. to promote cooperation among states
D. to act as an independent international actor
19. The regime for oceans and seas is made up of all of the following except
(p. 175)
A. Law of the Sea Treaty.

B. National laws preventing pollution.
C. freedom of the seas.
D. IAEA
20. A supranational organization can best be described as an organization that

(p. 176)
A. helps to coordinate all other organizations within any given state.

B. helps to coordinate all IGOs.
C. has legal authority over its members.
D. is contained within states.
21. Of the following, the idea that most strongly opposes the notion of world government is
(p. 178)
A. capitalism.
B. nationalism.
C. communism.
D. universalism.
22. The European Union is a current example of what type of IGO structure?
(p. 177)
A. centralized
B. federal
C. confederal
D. national
23. Which of the following is not an example of a regional IGO?

(p. 194)
A. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

B. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
C. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
D. Organization of American States (OAS)
24. Which of the following regional IGOs has moved toward full economic integration?
(p. 195)
A. Organization of American States (OAS)

B. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
C. European Union (EU)
D. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
25. Which potential form of global governmental does not preserve the sovereign authority of
(p. 177) states?
A. Networks of IGOs
B. A unitary government
C. A confederal government
D. A federal government
26. The membership of the EU currently totals

(p. 195)
A. 10.
B. 15.
C. 25.
D. 27.
27. Which country was not a member of the European Coal and Steel Community?
(p. 195)
A. Italy
B. France
C. Belgium
D. the United Kingdom
28. The European Union is the product of a merger of all of the following bodies except the
(p. 195) European
A. Economic Community.
B. Trade and Political Union.
C. Coal and Steel Community.
D. Atomic Energy Community.
29. For most of its history, the EC focused on

(p. 195)
A. security issues.
B. economic issues.
C. common foreign policy.
D. political cooperation.
30. The Single European Act of 1987 (SEA) is significant because it was the act
(p. 197)
A. that originally brought together the European Community.

B. that established trade relations between EC members and African, Caribbean, and Pacific
countries.
C. by which EC countries committed to becoming fully economically integrated.
D. wherein all member-countries agreed to adopt the euro as the single unit of currency.
31. The 1993 Treaty on European Union is more commonly known as the
(p. 197)
A. Hague Convention.
B. Treaty of Rome.
C. Maastricht Treaty.
D. Strasbourg Declaration.
32. The executive branch of the European Union is the
(p. 198)
B. European Court of Justice.
C. European Commission.
D. Council of the European Union.
33. The European Union makes most non-routine policy decisions through
(p. 199)
A. weighted voting.
B. majority voting.
C. unanimity voting.
D. local voting.
34. The EU's bureaucracy is organized under the

(p. 199)
A. Council of the European Union.

B. European Commission.
C. European Parliament.
D. General Assembly.
35. Which of the following was not a treaty which contributed to European integration?
(p. 176)
A. Maastricht Treaty
B. Treaty of Nice
C. Single European Act
D. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
36. Complains about abuses of power or other alleged transgressions by EU authorities are
(p. 200) handled by the
B. European Ombudsman.
C. Hague system.
D. UNGA
37. Members of the European Parliament are elected to serve a
(p. 200)
A. 2-year term.
B. 4-year term.
C. 5-year term.
D. 6-year term.
38. The European country with the most seats on the European Parliament is
(p. 200)
A. France.
B. Germany.
C. Spain.
D. Austria.
39. The Court of Justice of the European Union has

(p. 201)
A. 5 judges.
B. 9 judges.
C. 13 judges.
D. 27 judges.
40. The EU constitution

(p. 203)
A. has not yet been drafted.

B. passed, thanks to the support of parliamentarians in Lithuania and Great Britain.
C. passed by a close margin in 2005.
D. was rejected in May 2005, after close votes in France and the Netherlands.
41. The United Nations can best be described as a

(p. 180)
A. regime with a unitary purpose.

B. single-purpose organization with many members.
C. single-purpose organization with very few members.
D. nearly universal organization with many member-countries.
42. In 1998 the UN General Assembly voted to give which group of people informal associate
(p. 180) membership status?
A. The Basques
B. The Aborigines
C. The Kurds
D. The Palestinians
43. Which of the following UN organizations has representation from all UN member-countries?
(p. 180)
A. General Assembly
B. Security Council
C. Economic and Social Council
D. Secretariat
44. Plenary representative bodies in IGOs reflect the norm of

(p. 180)
A. mutual responsibility for the organization and its policies.

B. state sovereignty.
C. balance of power.
D. polarity.
45. A UN organ that is based on limited membership is the

(p. 180)
A. Security Council.
B. bureaucracy.
D. plenary representative body.
46. The UN Security Council has how many permanent members?

(p. 180)
A. 3
B. 5
C. 15
D. 20
47. Which one of the following UN organs gives its permanent members veto power?
(p. 180-
181)
A. the Secretariat
B. the General Assembly
C. the Security Council
D. the International Court of Justice
48. The major voting methods of UN include all of the following except
(p. 182)
A. unanimity voting.
B. majority voting.
C. minority voting.
D. weighted voting.
49. The administrative body of the United Nations is called the

(p. 183)
A. Secretariat.
B. Security Council.
D. Economic and Social Council.
50. Currently, the UN Secretary-General is

(p. 184)
A. Kofi Annan.
B. Ban Ki-moon.
C. Dag Hammarskjöld.
D. Boutros Boutros-Ghali.
51. By tradition, most prospective candidates for secretary-general are put forward by
(p. 184)
A. their home regions.

B. their home countries.
C. self-selection.
D. the General Assembly.
52. In 2007, which of the following decisions made by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was a
(p. 184) disappointment for the Bush administration?
A. Ban's decision not to expand UN involvement in Iraq.

B. Ban's call for the U.S. to reverse its reduction in funding for the UN.
C. Ban's call for Guantanamo to be closed.
D. All of the above.
53. The number of management positions held by women in the UN

(p. 186)
A. is staggeringly low compared to most countries.

B. has been declining with the addition of new countries into the UN.
C. is relatively high compared to most countries.
D. is relatively high compared to LDCs, but is lower than EDCs.
54. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has a budget of about
(p. 191)
A. $1 million
B. $100 million
C. $1 billion
D. $100 billion
55. The finances of the UN are almost entirely dependent on

(p. 188)
A. special grants.
B. revenues from operations.
C. voluntary contributions.
D. assessments it levies on member-countries.
56. UN contributions owed by countries are determined according to

(p. 188)
A. national wealth.
B. population.
C. anticipated use of UN services.
D. proportion of funds needed, after donations from individuals and NGOs.
57. The International Atomic Energy Agency is an affiliate of the UN that
(p. 189)
A. monitors nuclear energy facilities to prevent accidents.

B. provides energy resources to LDCs.
C. helps countries develop viable energy resources to replace less environmentally friendly
forms of energy like coal.
D. helps promote and monitor the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.
58. One survey of people in 43 countries found that ______ of respondents said that the UN was
(p. 194) having a good impact on their country.
A. 47%
B. 57%
C. 67%
D. 77%
59. The UN is directly involved in all of the following activities except

(p. 188-
191)
A. facilitating trade.
B. promoting social welfare.
C. promoting human rights.
D. protecting the environment.
60. All of the following organizations are associated with the United Nations except
(p. 188-
192)
A. the World Health Organization.

B. Amnesty International.
C. the World Bank.
D. UNICEF.
61. An organization must have global participation and membership in order to be an

(p. 168) intergovernmental organization.
FALSE
62. As the number of international organizations is increasing, their scope is also increasing.
(p. 171)
TRUE
63. Functionalists advocate a top-down approach to international cooperation.

(p. 169-
170)
FALSE
64. A regime is a single organization designed to supervise state actions.

(p. 174-
175)
FALSE
65. Most nationalists support the establishment of a world government.

(p. 178)
FALSE
66. The European Union is a current example of a confederation.

(p. 177)
TRUE
67. The Maastricht Treaty is the most recent EU agreement to further economic and political
(p. 197) integration.
FALSE
68. Individuals on the European Commission are supposed to represent the viewpoint of their
(p. 199) country.
FALSE
69. On the whole in Europe there is mixed support for EU expansion.

(p. 201-
202)
TRUE
70. The European Ombudsman and the Court of Auditors are both oversight agencies of the EU.
(p. 200)
TRUE
71. All countries that participate in the United Nations are able to vote in the General Assembly.
(p. 179-
180)
TRUE
72. The UN Security Council is an example of a plenary representative council.

(p. 180)
FALSE
73. The IMF uses a weighted voting system for its decision making.
(p. 182)
TRUE
74. The UN has veto-power over the decisions of its members.

(p. 179-
182)
FALSE
75. The UN's mission to establish norms against violence has influenced U.S. foreign
(p. 189) intervention.
TRUE
76. Identify the three main root systems that have fueled the current growth of international
organizations.
They are a belief in a community of humankind, big-power peacekeeping, and pragmatic

cooperation.
77. What is the main difference between functionalism and neofunctionalism?
Functionalism adopts an evolutionary bottom-up approach to international cooperation.

Neofunctionalists, on the other hand, believe in a top-down approach that calls for strong
supranational organizations.

78. List reasons given in the text that explain the expansion of international organizations.
Increased international contact; increased interdependence; the expansion of transnational

problems; the failure of the current state-centered system to provide security; the efforts of
small states to gain strength through joint action; the success of IGOs.
79. List the four possible roles of IGOs outlined in the text.
Interactive arena, center of cooperation, independent international actor, supranational

organization
80. List one advantage and one disadvantage of IGOs functioning as interactive arenas.
Advantages: increased international integration through the fostering of the habit of

cooperation and compromise, easier to take action if action is IGO authorized, debate and
diplomatic maneuvering may provide forum for diplomatic struggle. Disadvantages: member-
states pursuing their individual national interests creates conflict, using IGOs to gain national
advantage detracts from their ability to promote cooperation.
81. Define the term "regime" and state its purpose.
The term refers to a complex of stated and understood principles, norms, rules, processes,
and organizations that help to govern the behavior of states and other international actors.

82. Describe three practical barriers/political objections to a world government.
Nationalism; concerns about the concentration of power; concerns that any government could
solve world problems; the potential diminution of cultural diversity; worries about preserving
democracy.
83. What oversight mechanisms are available in the European Union and what do these oversight
institutions do?
European Ombudsman investigates complaints. Court of Auditors oversees the budget of the
EU to ensure that it is properly spent.
84. Why might economic integration lead to political integration?
To achieve complete economic integration, domestic and foreign policies of member-countries

cannot be in conflict; also, the idea of political integration becomes less foreign after a period
of economic integration.
85. Name the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States

86. Describe the various voting schemas used by international organizations. Which is the most
common in IGOs?
Majority vote (equal votes, majority rules); Weighted voting formula (unequal voting power
based on selected criterion); Unanimity voting (every member has veto power). Majority voting
is the most common.
87. Where does most of the UN's budget come from?
Most money comes from an assessment that the UN levies on members. This assessment is
fixed by the General Assembly and is based on a complex formula that reflects a member-
state's ability to pay.
88. List the three types of budgets of the UN. What does each budget support?
The three types are the core budget, the peacekeeping budget and the voluntary contributions
budget. The core budget supports headquarters operations and the regular programs of the
major UN organs; the peacekeeping budget supports the operations conducted by the
Security Council; and the voluntary contributions budget funds UN-affiliated agencies such as
UNICEF and UNEP.
89. List the six ways in which the UN promotes international peace and security.
Creating norms against violence, providing a debate alternative, diplomatic intervention,

sanctions, peacekeeping, promoting arms control and disarmament.

90. List the four standards by which one may measure the success of IGOs.
Ultimate goals, progress, what is possible, and whether alternatives exist are all means for
evaluation.
91. Describe several instances in which the idea of "big-power" peacekeeping has been put into
practice.
The answer should mention developments such as Hugo Grotius's call for major Christian
powers to cooperate to maintain peace in the 17th century; the Concert of Europe; and 20th-
century organizations such as the League of Nations and the United Nations Security Council.
92. Explain how functionalists and neofunctionalist view international political cooperation.
Functionalists argue that cooperation in nonpolitical issue areas allows trust to build between
countries and leads to cooperation on political issues. This is a "bottom-up" approach. The EU
could be used as an example. Neofunctionaliststs advocate a "top-down" approach. They are
skeptical of the functionalist claim that nonpolitical cooperation will lead to full political
cooperation. Furthermore, they argue for immediately establishing IGOs, rather than waiting
for the evolutionary path of the functionalist school to solve the world's problems.
93. What are some of the alternative forms that a future world government might take? Are there
any existing models that such an organization might follow?
This question requires students to discuss the alternative ways in which power would be
distributed between a central authority and individual states. The text suggests three main
structures—unitary, federal, and confederal—on which the answer should elaborate. Students
may mention the United States and/or Canada as examples of federal structures, and the
European Union as a possible example of a confederal structure.

94. Explain the concept of regimes and how they relate to IGOs. Give an example of a regime and
explain how it operates.
Good answers should define a regime as a complex of norms, processes, and organizations
that, in sum, have evolved to help to govern the behavior of states and other international
actors in an area of international concern. As such, a regime is not a single organization. The
text offers a comprehensive look at the Law of the Sea Treaty, which can be used as an
example of how regimes relate to IGOs.
95. What is a supranational organization? Discuss the arguments for and against expanding
supranational authority. Which arguments do you find most convincing?
A supranational organization operates under the premise that international organizations

should have a level of authority above that of the state. In other words, the states should be
subordinate to the international organizations. Proponents of a supranational organization,
such as the World Federalist Movement, argue that the planet is in crisis, a condition which
necessitates an organized authority on a global scale. Opponents of global governance argue
that the stronghold of nationalism creates a practical barrier, that a concentration of power
could be dangerous, that it is uncertain if such a government could succeed in solving
economic and social problems, that cultural diversity would be diminished, and that democracy
may be threatened. Students should take a position on the issue and support it logically or
with examples.
96. Discuss the efforts to establish a constitution for the European Union. In your opinion, is the
EU constitution a good idea? Why or why not?
Students should note that the constitution initially had strong support. The heads of every EU
country signed it, and the constitution had strong public support. However, in May of 2005
French and Dutch voters rejected the constitution. In developing an opinion about the
constitution, students may address the negative effects of a burgeoning bureaucracy, budget
concerns, and prospects for integration.

97. Are member-countries within the UN equal? Why, or why not? Is this a contentious issue
among member states? Explain your answer and give examples.
The answer is that member-countries are not equal, and many countries are lobbying for
reform to align UN membership with a changing world system. Membership can be blocked
and membership on the Security Council is limited. The five permanent members of the UNSC
have a special status, including veto power. Better answers will point out that reform is unlikely
as revisions to the Charter must be voted on by the UNSC, in which each country has veto
power.
98. Although issues of war and peace usually take center stage at the UN, most of the work that
the UN accomplishes is not directly related to security issues. What are the nonmilitary roles of
the United Nations, and how are they, if at all, related to war and peace?
The many economic and social projects of the UN should be listed: promoting economic
development, advocating human rights, advancing international law and norms, improving the
quality of human existence, guarding the environment, and encouraging independence.
Functionalist and other views of international cooperation contend that these efforts contribute
to world peace.
99. Identify and discuss at least four social, economic, and/or environmental activities of the UN
and other intergovernmental organizations. Do you agree that each of these activities should
fall under the realm of IGOs? Why or why not?
Students may discuss the role of IGOs in promoting economic development, advocating
human rights, advancing international law and norms, improving the quality of human
existence, guarding the environment, and encouraging independence. An excellent answer will
critique these activities by drawing upon the larger arguments for and against IGOs discussed
in the text.

100. The text discusses four standards to evaluate IGOs. Which one do you think is most fruitful,
and why? Use this model to evaluate the success of the United Nations.
Students are free to choose whichever standard they prefer (ultimate goals, progress, what is
possible, or whether alternatives exist), but they should be sure to defend their choice and to
make explicit the central evaluation criteria for the selected approach. In evaluating the UN,
they can draw upon numerous examples from the text.

Chapter 7 Summary
Category # of Questions
Boyer - Chapter 07 100

International Politics On The World Stage Brief 8th Edition Rourke Test Bank

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International Politics on the World

Stage Brief 8th Edition Rourke Test

1. The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually

4. The League of Nations was intended mainly as a(n)

5. Which of the following IGOs succeeded the League of Nations?

A. the United Nations

A. Increased international contact

7. There were ______ IGOs established during the 1800s.

A. The universal concern for improving the condition of humanity

9. The oldest surviving IGO is the

A. Universal Postal Union.

A. declined as the number of states has increased.

13. The neofunctionalist approach to studying cooperation is best described as

14. Neofunctionalists are skeptical of the

18. Which of the following is not a possible role of IGOs?

A. to provide an interactive arena for actors

A. Law of the Sea Treaty.

20. A supranational organization can best be described as an organization that

A. helps to coordinate all other organizations within any given state.

23. Which of the following is not an example of a regional IGO?

A. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

A. Organization of American States (OAS)

26. The membership of the EU currently totals

29. For most of its history, the EC focused on

A. that originally brought together the European Community.

34. The EU's bureaucracy is organized under the

A. Council of the European Union.

39. The Court of Justice of the European Union has

40. The EU constitution

A. has not yet been drafted.

41. The United Nations can best be described as a

A. regime with a unitary purpose.

44. Plenary representative bodies in IGOs reflect the norm of

A. mutual responsibility for the organization and its policies.

45. A UN organ that is based on limited membership is the

46. The UN Security Council has how many permanent members?

49. The administrative body of the United Nations is called the

50. Currently, the UN Secretary-General is

A. their home regions.

A. Ban's decision not to expand UN involvement in Iraq.

53. The number of management positions held by women in the UN

A. is staggeringly low compared to most countries.

55. The finances of the UN are almost entirely dependent on

56. UN contributions owed by countries are determined according to

A. monitors nuclear energy facilities to prevent accidents.

59. The UN is directly involved in all of the following activities except

A. the World Health Organization.

61. An organization must have global participation and membership in order to be an

63. Functionalists advocate a top-down approach to international cooperation.

65. Most nationalists support the establishment of a world government.

66. The European Union is a current example of a confederation.

69. On the whole in Europe there is mixed support for EU expansion.

72. The UN Security Council is an example of a plenary representative council.

74. The UN has veto-power over the decisions of its members.

77. What is the main difference between functionalism and neofunctionalism?

81. Define the term "regime" and state its purpose.

82. Describe three practical barriers/political objections to a world government.

85. Name the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.

87. Where does most of the UN's budget come from?

1. The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually

4. The League of Nations was intended mainly as a(n)

A. the United Nations

A. Increased international contact