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Glassware and reagents: porcelain evaporation dish, 100 ml in volume; a glass stick with a rubber point; funnel 10-12
cm in diameter; conical 500-750 ml flask, measuring 500 and 200 ml flask, 50 ml pipette, two conical 250 ml flasks.
Ammonium acetate solution: 1N CH3COONH4. H202 solution (30%), HNO3 solution (10%), HCI solution (100/0).
Distilled water, purified from the admixtures of Ca', Mg', Cu', and Mn', 0.05N Trilon B, 5% NH2OHxHCI, sodium sulfide
or sodium ethylditiocarbonate salt (Cshl10NS2Nax3H20), chloride-ammoniacal buffer solution, 10% NaOH, indicators :
chromogen Black and Murexide.
Exchangeable potassium and sodium are determined in 1N ammonium acetate extract from the soil on the flame
photometer. If the soil contains soluble salts it needs proper treatment with distilled water. In water extract, the
sodium and potassium cations are also determined on the flame photometer (blank determination), which will allow to
make corrections on the content of soluble salts. The difference between the results obtained in two extracts -
ammonium acetate and water, will show an actual content of exchangeable potassium and sodium in the soil. After
preparation of a flame photometer for working regime, it should be calibrated by the scale of standard solutions. To
prepare the scale, the following volumes of the initial standard solution should be put into measuring 200-m1 flasks: