Invitation to Computer Science 7th

Edition Schneider Test Bank

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Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

1. In early programming languages, conserving machine resources was not an issue.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 435

2. In assembly language, the programmer need not manage the details of the movement of data items within memory.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437

3. The programmer’s task is to devise the appropriate step-by-step sequence of “imperative commands” that, when carried
out by the computer, accomplish the desired task.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

4. Even though a high-level programming language allows the programmer to think of memory locations in abstract rather
than physical terms, the programmer is still directing, via program instructions, every change in the value of a memory
location.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

5. Machine language can use the notation --, //, or # to denote a program comment.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 440

6. In a high-level language, the programmer’s only responsibilities for managing data items are to declare (or in the case
of Python, create) all constants and variables the program will use.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

REFERENCES: 454

7. The availability of the appropriate compiler guarantees that a program developed on one type of machine can be
compiled on a different type of machine.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 455

8. The problem identification document commits the final and complete problem specification to paper and guides the
software developers in all subsequent decisions.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 468

9. If anything is changed on an already-tested module, update testing is done to be sure that this change hasn’t introduced
a new error into code that was previously correct.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 471

10. Program maintenance, the process of adapting an existing software product, may consume as much as 85% of the total
software development life cycle budget.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472

11. A program written in a(n) procedural language consists of sequences of statements that manipulate data items.
_________________________
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

12. Each low-level language supports if statements and while loops. _________________________
ANSWER: False - high-level, high level
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 444-446

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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

13. Maintenance should be viewed as a separate step in the software development life cycle.
_________________________
ANSWER: False - should not, shouldn’t
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472

14. The program implementation phase is the time to plan how it is to be done. _________________________
ANSWER: False - design
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 468

15. A modern programming EXE provides a text editor, a file manager, a compiler, a linker and loader, and tools for
debugging, all within this one piece of software. _________________________
ANSWER: False - IDE
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472

16. Each assembly language statement corresponds to, at most, one ____________________ language statement.
ANSWER: machine
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 436

17. Individual assembly language statements, though easier to read, can be no more powerful than the underlying
____________________.
ANSWER: instruction set
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 436

18. When we moved from machine language to assembly language, we needed a piece of system software—a(n)
____________________—to translate assembly language instructions into machine language.
ANSWER: assembler
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437

19. The ____________________ computer architecture is characterized by sequential fetch-decode-execute cycles.

ANSWER: Von Neumann
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

20. Newer languages such as Java and C# were developed specifically to run on a variety of hardware platforms without
the need for a separate ____________________ for each type of machine.
ANSWER: compiler
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 462

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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

21. Assembly language programs are ____ specific.
a. language b. compiler
c. architecture d. machine
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 436

22. In assembly language, the programmer must take a microscopic view of a task, breaking it down into tiny subtasks at
the level of what is going on in individual ____.
a. memory locations b. programs
c. subtasks d. tasks
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437

23. ____ were created to overcome the deficiencies of assembly language.

a. Compilers b. Low-level programming languages
c. High-level programming languages d. Linkers
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437

24. Machine language is also known as ____ code.

a. object b. source
c. link d. reloadable
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437-438

25. The software translator used to convert our high-level language instructions into machine language instructions is
called a(n) ____.
a. linker b. editor
c. loader d. compiler
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 438

26. High-level language instructions are known as ____ code.

a. object b. link
c. source d. reloadable
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 438

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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

27. The object code for a task that needs to be performed often can be stored in a(n) ____.
a. code template b. code library
c. code container d. object library
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 438

28. Procedural languages are also called ____ languages.

a. immediate b. translated
c. interpreted d. imperative
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

29. ____ are instructions in the programming language.

a. Immediate commands b. Imperative commands
c. Intrinsic commands d. Internal commands
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

30. A ____ stores and fetches values to and from memory cells.
a. random access memory b. read-only memory
c. flash memory d. memory cache encoder
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439

31. ____ is the rules for exactly how statements must be written in a programming language.
a. Order b. Precedence
c. Syntax d. Context
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 440

32. Ada, Java, C++ and C# require a ____ to terminate an executable program statement.
a. semicolon b. period
c. blank space d. comma
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 440

33. The ____ evaluates a proposed project and compares the costs and benefits of various solutions.
a. design study b. feasibility study
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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

c. specification study d. work breakdown study
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 465

34. A ____ involves developing a clear, concise, and unambiguous statement of the exact problem the software is to solve.
a. problem statement b. design statement
c. program overview d. problem specification
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 468

35. ____ is the process of translating the detailed designs into computer code.
a. Translating b. Interpreting
c. Coding d. Configuring
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 469

36. ____ takes place on each module (subtask code) as it is completed.

a. Regression testing b. System testing
c. Unit testing d. Integration testing
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 471

37. ____ a program means running it on many data sets to be sure its performance falls within required limits.
a. Debugging b. Benchmarking
c. Configuring d. Coding
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 471

38. ____ includes online tutorials or help systems that the user can bring up while the program is running, and (less often)
written user’s manuals.
a. Technical documentation b. Rough documentation
c. First-level documentation d. User documentation
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472

39. Most programming languages are now presented within an ____.

a. Integrated Development Environment
b. Integrated Deployment Environment
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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

c. Implementation Development Environment
d. Interactive Development Environment
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472-473

40. ____ allows miscommunications between the user and the programmer to be identified and corrected early in the
development process.
a. Rapid deployment b. Rapid configuration
c. Rapid prototyping d. Rapid interfacing
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 473

41. With regard to imperative languages, what is the programmer's task?

ANSWER: The programmer's task is to devise the appropriate step-by-step sequence of “imperative commands”—
instructions in the programming language—that, when carried out by the computer, accomplish the
desired task.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 439
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

42. What is the purpose of the feasibility study?

ANSWER: The purpose is to make all project stakeholders aware of the costs, risks, and benefits of various
development paths as a guide to deciding on the approach to use.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 467
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

43. Define coding.

ANSWER: Coding is the process of translating the detailed designs into computer code.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 469
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

44. Briefly present the function of the following components of an IDE: text editor, file system, language translator, and
debugger.
ANSWER: Use a text editor to create a program; use a file system to store the program; use a language translator to
translate the program to machine language; and if the program does not work correctly, use a debugger
to help locate the errors.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 472-473
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

45. What is pair programming?

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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

ANSWER: Pair programming involves two programmers (students) at a single workstation, with one writing code
and the other actively observing. The observer watches each line of code for possible errors, but also is
thinking about the overall approach, what programs may lie ahead, possibly spotting improvements that
could be made. The roles of the two individuals are switched frequently.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 474
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

46. List four disadvantages of assembly language.

ANSWER: • The programmer must “manually” manage the movement of data items between and among memory
locations and registers (although such data items can be assigned mnemonic names).
• The programmer must take a microscopic view of a task, breaking it down into tiny subtasks at the
level of what is going on in individual memory locations.
• An assembly language program is machine specific.
• Statements are not natural-language-like (although operations are given mnemonic code words as an
improvement over a string of bits).
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

47. List four expectations of a program written in a high-level language.

ANSWER: • The programmer need not manage the details of the movement of data items within memory or pay any
attention to exactly where those items are stored.
• The programmer can take a macroscopic view of tasks, thinking at a higher level of problem solving
(add B and C, and call the result A). The “primitive operations” used as building blocks in algorithm
construction can be larger.
• Programs are portable rather than machine specific.
• Programming statements are closer to natural language and use standard mathematical notation.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 437
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

48. Explain the following statement at length: Programs written in a high-level language will be portable rather than
machine specific.
ANSWER: Program developers use a variety of approaches to make their programs portable to different platforms.
For programs written in most high-level languages, the program developer runs through the complete
translation process to produce an executable module, and it is the executable module that is sold to the
user, who runs it on his or her own machine. The program developer doesn’t usually give the user the
source code to the program, for a multitude of reasons. First, the program developer does not want to
give away the secrets of how the program works by revealing the code to someone who could make a
tiny modification and then sell this “new” program. Second, the program developer wants to prevent the
user from being able to change the code, rendering a perfectly good program useless, and then
complaining that the software is defective. And finally, if the program developer distributes the source
code, then all users must have their own translators to get the executable module needed to run on their
own machines.

The developer can compile the program on any kind of machine as long as there is a compiler on that
machine for the language in which the program is written. However, there must be a compiler for each
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Chapter 09: Introduction to High-Level Language Programming

(high-level language, machine-type) pair. If the program is written in C++, for example, and the program
developer wants to sell his or her program to be used on a variety of computers, he or she needs to
compile the same program on a PC using a C++ compiler for the PC, on a Mac using a C++ compiler for
the Mac, and so on, to produce all the various object code versions. The program itself is independent of
the details of each particular computer’s machine language because each compiler takes care of the
translation. This is the “portability” we seek from high-level language programs.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 455
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

49. Discuss documentation at length, including definitions of all the different types.
ANSWER: Program documentation is all of the written material that makes a program understandable. This includes
internal documentation, which is part of the program code itself. Good internal documentation consists
of choosing meaningful names for program identifiers, using plenty of comments to explain the code,
and separating the program into short modules, each of which does one specific subtask. External
documentation consists of any materials assembled to clarify the program’s design and implementation.
Although we have put this step rather late in the software development process, note that each preceding
step produces some form of documentation. Program documentation goes on throughout the software
development life cycle. The final, finished program documentation is written in two forms. Technical
documentation enables programmers who later have to modify the program to understand the code. Such
information as structure charts or class diagrams, descriptions of algorithms, and program listings fall in
this category. User documentation helps users run the program. Such documentation includes online
tutorials, answers to frequently-asked questions (FAQs), help systems that the user can bring up while
the program is running, and (less often) written user’s manuals.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 471-472
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

50. What question should a feasibility study address, and what are some of the possible answers?
ANSWER: What are the relative costs and benefits of the following choices?
• Buying a new computer system and writing or buying software
• Writing new software for an existing computer system
• Purchasing the needed resources from a “cloud computing” provider
• Outsourcing the work to a contractor
• Revising the current manual process for solving this problem
• Cutting back the scope of the project to better align it with existing resources
• Cancelling the project entirely and doing without the information that would be generated
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 467
TOPICS: Critical Thinking

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