a BismahNoor Balch Foe B ascchbadiobyam, * tolntyoduction |: Ampere discovered when a curvent _conducior_, 4 produces_a magnetic field around it mn = IF Curyent is Som top to bolo magnetic eld line willioe ji ; ___ Mf curyentis from bolton to top moanetichield Vine, vill DANg Gaticlock wis 2 CESEAE OHS _—s Jagnevc tines of Foc, > Right Hand rule: Put tthe divectibn of cunent_and | 0W_your Fingeys ayoun The cued _fin uiil_chow ‘The 5 ts valid fox conventional __cuwent.. a i a magnetism _ts_clependent on } ! ° hand Me same procedure but with your eft hand. divection_of rnagneti => For diyect_cuwent | tity fi => Extern ete Fields effect: A cunent_c vals ti at net_, when it's placed. | Diagram in uw siernal mag netic Reld it will experier oa _folce_ Fe Se OV orag, = Factors affecting foxce Fe; “Rena wFeX Tcurrent? |.Foo Length) |. Fas B Cmaqnetic field) {FR _& sin® Cangle beiween conduct and magnetic herd “Pedhenariealy Fe cl8sing [Fa ieee ces)_-> Why do we tare ‘ein@ + we ake sin O! for vector product __in URS specific _cace, ‘the Lengin of conductO’ is considered _vectoy. I Reason behind ‘is is that if the conductor's position *s altered = ne _sqciem alters acwell thus the positfon engin of _conduchg ts zl ot O SCalay. ty AMpley Wolds wecan also \ tclengm stall, | | _dtsplacerent_wihich fs also a'vectps. “thus, | Be = i ro | > Theta Rw Band V) a. Sand? | = : | 7 > Conclusion When conduct and = magnetic: Feld are Paraliel te each Sfleid ave perpendicular to a other, Conductoy will experience mininnur lacy other, conduct will experienc: = ee nun bvce 1b : : ) (eavom. nt — ay shred > | }fe=0? i | cmaductor | conduc | Ef Cmagnetic field a ‘ear = : fe = Units for KC induction: As we know ‘tha, Fe= 112 a oer ye-aWlanginrg we aeb B where Es Newnn, Te¢ a 2 Awe tras. nen Se) a Na mts Atedq: (aft Mx] in 643 AGO Tena AT= 4 N/are — > Fi S left hand vule fev the foice on curient % conductoy :{ Phy: ang Swelth your. inde “ond middle fngey mtu oly perpendicular tp each siney — such Anak _gour. ses Sc points In he elfy. ection of fe GFeld_cnel : wniddle Sager tn cuent's Afrecign Mit “wag pur rutin HAM ge Asxeciion oF Ai on cmnent OYThey seulde _préduict Pt magn | ae B and-me_atea His called _magnetic flux oe” 4 7 Number of magnetic Held tines Passing tlocugh a surface ( Cyector avea) a agnetic fax he _ oe a Mathematically |o 2. —pAcosOl where ts come P| ey ne flure_| re tas Ha [=] | Factors affecting magnetic field of cuvverit = ‘ aa Wore the (when yore tne skembne O_| . Mote ‘he vadius of the loap, nor will be the vermin of magnetic field i:e.5 near Me conduchi magnetic tied will we ston. 1 foi wars Yom conductor maa netic field wi 2 lengin_erements of civcumference composed of smal lenght eler Mer give the whole “(oop wihete We = conetant of an propper tina iiht = where 2hvz crounfervence. g. i aT 7s. Pewmeabiity eters to the abit of asulstance px _| ity of vacuum ‘ue =4AXI0 "Who/At.m «(ever s/ampere. loitity pre YY, = helix forms [Dic of rnagnetic Field for splendid: ums of condichx“Te mi) a) = z+ Inside The sotenoid Nel ts very stiong and untfom 5 Ec ews i. ic Field will | _+ More close the twins of solenoid move unify the nehc fieldwill be. } 7 Ideq\_sorenoid + ideat soienoicd ts achieved when the twins ave_- Closely packed and Leng. of solenoid is much qleater_tha ‘ne a Nadi of the Auyns. inthis cace external Feld around .s 1s! | Acv2_and_ intemal Reld is, very unfoim and chon 3 74pph pints Law: | Biagt —™_conkid ‘he_arnperfan path oy loop _a-b-c-d-a ¢ TR with lengthy pyiat where Wits ing 9 ES solenoid a \3_fs ouside. SE Total length elements= 4 ze Mathemati Be AL =wol - a Magnetic field of ideal F solenoid = Fa __o¥ Blicos84,* Ria cocO2 + Bl Lucos84 =Heh : Bur cog 0 + Be2cosdd + ABly cos 219° Hol Hy MF where McQ0z0., ene 2 Gimeit’s ourided) ese - Anus Br +0r0t7 in_solenoid, BL=Nyol ov B= tol & per unit_lenatnis called N/p Con ies that as numberof Auns per unit lengm increase, @ increases | =r riot ie for solenoid: cur. you Fingers tn diyection of _- ind “the ceil , eviended thumb. coil pomt in Naim poles. aiveefonJot magnet: mis is fot elect current, bor oleic cuxgonk hand. side opposite, to ‘thumb will _be South pple np tai (aa tai] n External foes actly on _custen| auying omdu choy are in _octuat those uihigh ad_on_indiyiduat chayge artes hich | way odie the paytiler tn, deviate fem, shel ath. Te chame pave may ov may not be testvided 4p a conduciay but iL wilh experience & force _in rs cases.ft-remagnetic force ona. point charge: ~ under fihat conditions itt ‘erfernal_maghetic fied _affect_a charge? N_The charge is moving ‘static charges coil pradire magnetic Reld akiegS, = R oe, ex'ey pal Ne loetween _Velocrh + Conclusion: When velocity of charge | bauticte ts _parattel. Gs FOYCE ie O Vector quant onMe. other side of aucton — ios predict needs 7 Ee fate F aBvsind Je" Nemer ‘Sin8 * here Mi iat Fe BILsin® wahee Te Cr. Nimoy of chorgeparfides)’ and Lb us Nig_ xt, Foz BN av sin® Fox single particle_N=4 | Ep. bqvsin® ; qenoA For N__parrcles £8 = NGaysnd oY NavBsinOnE Diagram _|h S45 idhen does a charged partide revolve in | x x» ~ x x 2_ = uniform magnetic field? when magnetic . 1 field and Yelouty of charged particle, ave Ss perpendicular toreach othey , ‘me magnetic = Getd_will constantly _pull upon the charge ] Siom Xs omerwise “shor ignt_path. Te constan —s changing ditection_of charged particle caves it i lo move in Q cide : pS what ee ‘he cenbipetal fox: Bandy should be mutually perpendicular 1D each oth aaily @ veing perpendicular wk" espect_to charge + Posinive. charge | will _pevfoom circu onticlocnwise divection while fos =ve chav at cz mi2/y @ mve[y = qvB where V=voo ne Cox = GB Hequenuy —— Stes Geeyfis = = AF Anus _sauahon becomes. . ime period > [T= 25 a iy cycioton + cyclotion_fs_a machine mat acce terates charged particles or fons to High. ere :rel 92> delernination age to mass alia Ba. am elecbron. sf > What does charge io mass ratio tellus? Charge lp mass ratio Anathema! “7 —meveqeB aang > here duis of eS want te easily_daermined fom opp. o8 seucluing “chavge fan be cateutared bel mating, Glow mating a visible eticle 5 > Hos 4p determing velocity ‘v'% According to Négenbety’s unceyiciaty L_pviyes, e._botn_veladiy and_position of of can not be. Histenninel chante thus_we wil sup: iby fov anomey fatyle= equal _to it. a Mathematically Potential 'V ts.of field. Be potential NEA will Loe provide & with yelocihy Vv. vs 24%e Vine & =! Paey me & (me Wh Eo wes 9 make: & enter “he magnetic HERING hinehic enc whih will inturn fE= 2. GeV oy mv 7s eV (Es : Qva VP roman, bs gey =2N S FR (me! yz ane |» Conclisions we now ai fachys of ReH-3 | =F we get Ane vate & Ym whichis re. s “Device which pengits particles having d certain spec, : Diagyarn’s + » Netic._and elechic fields: 16 vom edd Ele PUES oe reach offer such ‘that Mey have equal SILER XR RRR ERY ‘Binpone magniticles but opposite chieetigns the pace wi be Petnited? tycugh the apparatad C Mathematically faecnic = fnogetc AE: ee ve Ve : 5 Rests having ‘y" slower than */B : witl te dettected "7 — Payticles Naving'v' qeater than 8 will ve deflected iy F = > Partictes Taving'Yeqtal 40 E/Bs wilt pas sraight SST ea in _Feleciic’s _ditvectionye on-a lancet Guamping Lei eninexa carer dfleopZor_ceil_ is placed in_unifon of wie.” _| ~ = Magnetic Force on sides of loop: liengn sad Side i_| Side 2 | Sided | sided + SW [Fi-dibsnOt_|F.-Blasnoa[E,Sibsn®s |FasBasina | |_| =3- C1 = BlbsiiBo): F- Bhasin Vl Fs Bibs 0° |: Fa'=Bla si0890"] tag y | 64 =a => Siettion of force on “2and‘ 4' sides: 84 Oo" Eee 2! flemng’s Obthand vule, we qet_* hndy | 63]. _ Q2 | S0% = aia 2 and Fy sepavated lo o cel %z e_egual in vnagnrhude —ET but opposite mH diveetion Bt ie ouk J wile ¢ fu, fs_iialo Thepage i ~> What will cause the coil to yotale? ¥ Wand Fu _prnducea coupe. i net wraue of tis coupe 2) cal —3__Mathematically magnitude Be ofcouple: t=: +fule, _izg whele rae © Of rand & \Bal/2* 1Ba P/2} 4 ra fat Ve Dear [t= where axb=Prea.of coil —— Fu —we VE 1BA || maxing hte) > Factors affecting torque on looP : T= NIABL J when O TEN iA Bi rst R= NINBsi eokranale A BOR’ few te as ge “0 Seah >Ninimu pun ne angles : Omani, * Omnt = 9/1 ao* imme “A rdevicelused: “for Sen land: measurement re — eleBtiic_cuvienis is called qpuaneeneter =) 4, Principle: Principle of moving cot gal vmetey ts ‘he toque on _curveht yanying = conductor cott_tn the magreKe eld = 2 = Construction: © pivoted coil wrapped Ground soft *von cre is _plated_in concave pores of permanent _magnet- Rugne pofntert Teused 4p measure angular Atepiacomnonl which! is T placed a T c_calibyaied scale. The. poles are made concave wecause MIS or provider q_etvong and vadiat magne ic field man ager a _ toile perpen dicatar_and _maeirnum’ botque I _made soft because ‘mis nels eancenale magnehe. quing move \nerha tp Cail : 2 How! does. pointer Yetain yest position affer Yemoved? the coil.is pennected tO a spring | Ali vesting torque tor the pownier. to atiaiia PAs diner mover a jay _fysyn 2020) ver ‘creasing loecause an qulan, AR plac > We can also sou) hal__areaita__‘the oe; anguiar displacement, Asta at equitount when _porfiie at ret, Umag = Tres where. T mags NAB eS = Ci res, “depend on an ial ‘ ov_ [t= -NHe eo 2e-@© bvecomes | => Sensitivity of Tr gia cuter’ COuLgers , Lage. ANGUIOA Aisplac ‘hus lece sells, us that this device tx used \_cuwent.. salen 3) Js cuvrent is veri \arg} ge? Vex aga. current iN é ad. cisplacement which wil not be suppakd an ng rot ‘tne device. Tus tk may make me device -outiieh sider, 3 bovque ‘oeateyMan Awreshold value if produced, the spring will \oreatt, tals - ineeth\e. wl) not come back fp zero as nok Al rring, fone i avaiabie.” Me ge USES Oo meawie smal) omount of curvent.@ Tadetta smal) amount of coyvent@, Tdelermine wether two pofnts in O dvoult. ae e Gksame poentiat ov Not.3 A> Convernion f. gebravoreter. nko “An ammeter_ts meas instwment used cunent in tne circuit.” Draw back of a.galanometer + in presence oF large comer ,galvanomerer will show Aull scale_ceflection tr witt ‘indicate “ne current, but nol_meavuve ‘ik f 2 > How to convert it into anmeley? Connect low Ghunt) resistance ‘a. POTAUAM with_gdivaro ->_Wihy a2 galvanometer and and con Pn Povaliel conisination unequal dishibr uy fe Current AoKes ‘nat path prefteighly which alters A taribe. Thu, noone cumonl in vosistance ) and Te Tien vert tt" anmek a en ia 1] ty noe ect ts ammnoher. ing dhe Tee et ah) ta) tad) ti ToFA\-cuvvent through ammeea l= ig +15 ing) instvismi ‘nt ed “ ensue font lifer ein he‘ eincwit” Mert? Cormect_o igh resistance Rh én = Commection of voltmerey in Cirwut: vott meter sould be connected mn _paraliel acioss lad _vesista 4 yi Ti’s_is becouse in [ive Combncrion (Ware ~ o os Z remains Same - | connectMathematically’ —teiane_of _gotianemct guianainetr=shq. * ss - a coment: 14_Csome Anrougn Rand ‘ 4) Teng onnis \aw —__Vs_g where: Rgikh = 214 (Rte) + Ve tee 35 a Cees can, be used Ao _meaguie waokivd excessive current to Mow tcvahe “aN QO oe measured. Weamoun very cceurate oeuice | i) Weis vera’ “eau fp perce: (iv) WSs wultia_edtu to vad WwW) tk aaa 1 seading paral Ha) tes hows tne digital Values with decimal ipciints Ane_unit of wa oO jae