BIBLIOGRAPHY- TEXT

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Available at: https://www.inexhibit.com/case-studies/serpentine-galleries-pavilions-history/
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Brothers, W. (2023) A Brief History of World Expo, Encyclopedia.com. Available at:

https://www.encyclopedia.com/electronics/international-magazines/brief-history-world-expo
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Jean Nouvel picked for 10th Serpentine pavilion (2023) Archinect. Available at:
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Manos, L. and Genadiev, V. (2023) The Red Sun Pavillion, Greekarchitects.gr. Available at:
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Singhal, S. (2011) The red sun pavilion in London, UK by jean Nouvel Architect,
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kensington-gardens-london-by-jean-nouvel-architect/
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Soni, A. (2019) Jean Nouvel: 15 best projects, RTF | Rethinking The Future. Available at:
https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-architects/a444-15-projects-by-jean-nouvel/
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Tent pavilions: A brief account of a long history - Curtis & Windham inc (2016) Curtis &
Windham Inc. Available at: https://www.curtisandwindham.com/tent-pavilions-brief-account-
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vZvG7i~oLD7SGsAyGYPwXRkPQe5iPdv6SSnCYQRq57GiCxt-
dHSv7UJcpPloaXgvcF~lFNA8f29vL45FxqRBT8y14idfWM49mAtlLhunxgdbmMbEfxYrXsnc
WIQ09YEp7mjc0AOWisM676~jzCvvNJM4LlKGIeuhGI0wgpD-
yTRwNvWdvAApqu5M~thx3RXJ8dvyn67K3kFgIV~IMQQr7v54VWmSqi3uSvRNgVfkegVQ~
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(No date c) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:
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(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:

https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2010-jean-nouvel/
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(2023) E-architect.com. Available at: https://www.e-architect.com/london/serpentine-gallery-

pavilion-2010
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BIBLIOGRAPHY- IMAGE

FIG 1: 3D printed pavilion project.Madeleine, P. (2021) The world’s largest 3D printed

pavilion is in Nanjing, China, 3Dnatives. Available at: https://www.3dnatives.com/en/the-
worlds-largest-3d-printed-pavilion-is-in-nanjing-china-070720215/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 2: tent 1.Reproduction Norse Tent based on the Oseberg Ship Burial (2023) Cardinal-
creations.com. Available at:
http://www.cardinal-creations.com/Philippa/ClassHandouts/MedievalAndRenaissancePavilio
ns.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 3: tent 2.Reproduction Norse Tent based on the Oseberg Ship Burial (2023) Cardinal-
creations.com. Available at:
http://www.cardinal-creations.com/Philippa/ClassHandouts/MedievalAndRenaissancePavilio
ns.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 4 : eighteen century Pavilion, England.(2023) Cloudfront.net. Available at:

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55868328/Christina_Christoforou-thesis-libre.pdf?
1519281209=&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename
%3DThe_Role_of_Pavilion_in_Architecture.pdf&Expires=1673653585&Signature=IXSwm~1
l~CIsdFU6ergJzHMjaxzNVZnbn5ytWAwXH969j3aBJAyQGXPhBZGoNIPZHx8Ofgt1Bdd7SE
vZvG7i~oLD7SGsAyGYPwXRkPQe5iPdv6SSnCYQRq57GiCxt-
dHSv7UJcpPloaXgvcF~lFNA8f29vL45FxqRBT8y14idfWM49mAtlLhunxgdbmMbEfxYrXsnc
WIQ09YEp7mjc0AOWisM676~jzCvvNJM4LlKGIeuhGI0wgpD-
yTRwNvWdvAApqu5M~thx3RXJ8dvyn67K3kFgIV~IMQQr7v54VWmSqi3uSvRNgVfkegVQ~
m45PtA0PpgE-
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 5: Great Wave Pavilion.Chinese garden pavilions (2017) All Things Chinese. Available
at:
https://www.viewofchina.com/chinese-garden-pavilions/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 6: Tent Pavilions 1.Tent pavilions: A brief account of a long history - Curtis & Windham
inc (2016) Curtis & Windham Inc. Available at: https://www.curtisandwindham.com/tent-
pavilions-brief-account-long-history/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 7: Tent Pavilions 2.Tent pavilions: A brief account of a long history - Curtis & Windham
inc (2016) Curtis & Windham Inc. Available at: https://www.curtisandwindham.com/tent-
pavilions-brief-account-long-history/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 8: Garden Folly 2017.(2023) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:

https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Architectural-Follies.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 9: The Chinese House 1738.(2023) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:

https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Architectural-Follies.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 10: The Casino at Marino 1775.(2023) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:

https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Architectural-Follies.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 11: Freston Tower 1578.(2023) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:

https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Architectural-Follies.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 12: Temple of Apollo 1765.(2023) Florencegriswoldmuseum.org. Available at:

https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Architectural-Follies.pdf
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 13: bazaar 1.Foto in The Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp, the Persian Book of kings
(2023) Pinterest. Available at:
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/746049494496727831/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 14: bazaar 2.Alamy Limited (2023) Falnama hi-res stock photography and images,
Alamy. Available at: https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/falnama.html?sortBy=relevant
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 15: bazaar 3.The nightmare of zahhak. Miniature from the shahnama of shah tahmasp -
Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum (2023) Museumwnf.org. Available at:
https://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=object;EPM;qt;Mus21;19;en
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 16: bazaar 4.Wikipedia contributors (2022) Hamzanama, Wikipedia, The Free
Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Hamzanama&oldid=1129510252.

FIG 17: Crystal Palace.Schaaf, L. J. (2023) Photography & the 1851 great exhibition,
Ox.ac.uk. Available at: https://talbot.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/2017/10/13/photography-the-1851-
great-exhibition/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 18: the second World Expo 1853.“Introduction” (2014) in Help, I’m Rich! Chichester, UK:
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1–2.Available at:
https://crystalpalace.visualizingnyc.org/digital-publication/introduction/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 19: Paris World Expo 1862.Paris: Capital of the 19th century (2023) Brown.edu.
Available at:
https://library.brown.edu/cds/paris/worldfairs.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 20: Vienna World Expo 1862.Wikipedia contributors (2022) 1862 International
Exhibition, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1862_International_Exhibition&oldid=1123175748.
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 21: Exposition Universelle de 1900.Sans Auteur (2018) Exposition Universelle de 1900:
Les Plaisirs Et Les Curiosit�s de l’Exposition (�d.1900). 1900th ed. Hachette Livre -
BNF.Available at:
https://www.nga.gov/features/slideshows/Exposition-Universelle-de-1900.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 22: World Expo, San Francisco 1915.Get ready San Francisco! The Centennial
Celebration of the 1915 World’s Fair is just two weeks away Photo credit: 1915 Palace of
Fine Arts, Collection of Lynn Wilkinson (2015) Panama-Pacific International Exposition.
Available at: https://ppie100.org/pictures/get-ready-san-francisco-the-centennial-celebration-
of-the-1915-worlds-fair-is-just-two-weeks-away-photo-credit-1915-palace-of-fine-arts-
collection-of-lynn-wilkinson/get-ready-san-francisco-the-centennial-celebration-of-the-1915-
worlds-fair-is-just-two-weeks-away-photo-credit-1915-palace-of-fine-arts-collection-of-lynn-
wilkinson-2/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 23: Brussels Expo 1935.Wikipedia contributors (2022) Brussels International Exposition
(1935), Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Brussels_International_Exposition_(1935)&oldid=1120324855.
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 24:Philadelphia Exposition 1926.Philadelphia World’s Fair (1926) Images (2023)
Celebrateboston.com. Available at: http://www.celebrateboston.com/postcard/philadelphia-
worlds-fair.htm
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 25: Chicago World Expo 1933.Chicago World’s Fair–1933 (2016) Simanaitis Says.
Available at:
https://simanaitissays.com/2016/10/22/chicago-worlds-fair-1933/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 26: BRISBANE Expo 1970.Brisbane, Australia “Expo 88” (2023) Jdpecon.com.
Available at:
http://jdpecon.com/expo/wfbrisbane1988.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 27: Kunming Expo 1999.Time (2023) “1999 world horticultural exposition.” Available at:
https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photos-world-horticultural-exposition-was-category-
international-garden-festival-as-recognised-international-association-image30391343
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 28: Seville Expo 1992.Información, A. (2017) Mitos de la Expo’92,

Andaluciainformacion.es. Andalucía Información. Available at:
https://andaluciainformacion.es/sevilla/671059/mitos-de-la-expo92/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 29: Lisbon Expo 1998.Expo 98 Lisbon (2023) Lisbonlisboaportugal.com. Available at:
https://lisbonlisboaportugal.com/Lisbon-information/Expo-98-lisbon.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 30: Sheraton Spokane expo 1974.Expo ’74 landmarks (2023) Spokesman.com.
Available at:
https://www.spokesman.com/galleries/2016/nov/10/expo-74-landmarks/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 31: Osaka Expo 1970.Osaka Expo ’70 park (2023) Japan-guide.com. Available at:
https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e4029.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 32: Brussels Expo 1958.Arke, L. (2016) Expo 58: A brief history of Belgium’s World Fair
showcase, Culture Trip. The Culture Trip. Available at:
https://theculturetrip.com/europe/belgium/articles/expo-58-a-brief-history-of-belgiums-world-
fair-showcase/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 33: Aichi Expo 2005.World EXPO 2005, Aichi, japan (2005) Martin Lighting. Available
at:
https://www.martin.com/en/news/world-expo-2005-aichi-japan
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 34: Hanover Expo 2000.Viva, A. (2018) Expo 2000 Netherlands Pavilion, Hannover -
MVRDV, Arquitectura Viva. Available at: https://arquitecturaviva.com/works/pabellon-de-los-
paises-bajos-en-la-expo-2000-0
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 35: 2015 Governors Island City of Dreams Pavilion.Schulz, D. (2014) Finalists
announced for 2015 Governors Island City of Dreams Pavilion, 6sqft. Available at:
https://www.6sqft.com/finalists-announced-for-2015-governors-island-city-of-dreams-
pavilion/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 36: 2018 City of Dreams Pavilion.Ayoubi, A. (2018) Five finalists announced for the
2018 city of dreams pavilion design competition, Architect. Available at:
https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/five-finalists-announced-for-the-2018-city-of-
dreams-pavilion-design-competition_o
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 37: Brighton Pavilion.Hinkler Books PTY Ltd (2009) Snooze. London, England: Hinkler
Books.Available at:
https://www.snoozebrighton.com/2019/06/15/the-royal-pavilion/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 38: Eiffel tower 1.(2023) Pexels.com. Available at: https://www.pexels.com/search/eiffel

%20tower/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 39: Eiffel tower 2.The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2022) “Eiffel Tower,”
Encyclopedia Britannica.Available at:
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eiffel-Tower-Paris-France
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 40: Barcelona pavilion.Nast, C. (2023) The Barcelona Pavilion by Ludwig Mies van der
Rohe — Landmark Review, Condé Nast Traveler. Available at:
https://www.cntraveler.com/activities/barcelona/the-barcelona-pavilion-by-ludwig-mies-van-
der-roh
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 41: The Serpentine Sackler.Cascone, S. (2021) The serpentine has dropped the Sackler
name from its London gallery (but says it has nothing to do with the family’s legal woes),
Artnet News. Available at: https://news.artnet.com/art-world/serpentine-drops-sackler-name-
1954701
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 42: The Serpentine Lake.David (2018) The Best Exhibits Coming up at the Serpentine
Gallery, Park Grand Kensington. Available at:
https://www.parkgrandkensington.co.uk/blog/best-exhibits-coming-serpentine-gallery/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 43: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2000 – Zaha Hadid.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.
Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2000-
zaha-hadid-0/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 44: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2001 Eighteen Turns – Daniel Libeskind with Arup.
(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:
https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2001-daniel-
libeskind-arup/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 45: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002 – Toyo Ito and Cecil Balmond with Arup.Jordana,
S. (2013) Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002 / Cecil Balmond + Arup + Toyo Ito & associates,
ArchDaily. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/344319/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2002-
toyo-ito-cecil-balmond-arup
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 46: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2003 – Oscar Niemeyer.Hobson, B. (2015) Oscar
Niemeyer “took the brief very seriously” for 2003 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, Dezeen.
Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2015/10/07/movie-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2003-
oscar-niemeyer-julia-peyton-jones/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 47: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2005 – Álvaro Siza, and Eduardo Souto de Moura with
Cecil Balmond.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:
https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2005-alvaro-siza-
and-eduardo-souto-de-moura-cecil-balmond-0/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 48: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2006 – Rem Koolhaas and Cecil Balmond, with
Arup.Hobson, B. (2016) Rem Koolhaas’ 2006 Serpentine Gallery pavilion was inflated like a
balloon, Dezeen. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2016/01/24/video-interview-julia-
peyton-jones-rem-koolhaas-2006-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-inflatable-canopy-balloon-
movie/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 49: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007 – Olafur Eliasson & Kjetil Thorsen.(2023)
Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:
https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2007-olafur-
eliasson-and-kjetil-thorsen/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 50: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2008 – Frank Gehry.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.

Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2008-
frank-gehry-0/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 51: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2009 – Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa of
SANAA.Basulto, D. (2009) The 2009 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion / SANAA, ArchDaily.
Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/28672/the-2009-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-sanaa
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 52: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2010 – Jean Nouvel.Jean Nouvel picked for 10th
Serpentine pavilion (2023) Archinect. Available at:
https://archinect.com/news/article/96955/jean-nouvel-picked-for-10th-serpentine-pavilion
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 53: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2011 – Peter Zumthor.Serpentine gallery Pavilion 2011
(2023) Google Arts & Culture. Available at:
https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2011-peter-zumthor/
nwFoZn5I1Z_HCA
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 54: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2012 – Herzog & de Meuron and Ai Weiwei.(2023)
Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:
https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2012-herzog-de-
meuron-and-ai-weiwei/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 55: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2013 – Sou Fujimoto.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.

Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2013-
sou-fujimoto/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 56: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2014 – Smiljan Radić.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.

Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-galleries-pavilion-
2014-smiljan-radic/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 57: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2015 – SelgasCano.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.

Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-pavilion-2015-
designed-selgascano/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 58: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2016 – by BIG- Bjarke Ingels.Serpentine Gallery
Pavilion 2016 / BIG (2016) ArchEyes. Available at: https://archeyes.com/serpentinte-
pavilion-2016-big/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 59: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2017 – Diébédo Francis Kéré (Kéré
Architecture).Hobson, B. (2017) Serpentine Pavilion glows at night to “attract people to come
and celebrate” says Diébédo Francis Kéré, Dezeen. Available at:
https://www.dezeen.com/2017/06/21/movie-interview-diebedo-francis-kere-serpentine-
pavilion-glows-night-video/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 60:Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2018 – Frida Escobedo.Hazeldine, M. (2018) Serpentine
Pavilion 2018 - Frida Escobedo, Mark Hazeldine - Architectural Photographer London.
Available at: https://www.markhazeldinephotography.com/blog/2018/8/29/serpentine-
pavilion-2018-architectural-photography-mark-hazeldine
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 61:Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2019 – Junya Ishigami.Frearson, A. (2019) Junya

Ishigami unveils rocky Serpentine Pavilion made out of slate, Dezeen. Available at:
https://www.dezeen.com/2019/06/18/serpentine-pavilion-2019-junya-ishigami-slate-
mountain/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 62: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2021 – CounterSpace.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org.

Available at: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-pavilion-2021-
designed-by-counterspace/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 63: Jean Nouvel 1.Jean Nouvel - A biography by Domus (2023) Domusweb.it. Available
at: https://www.domusweb.it/en/biographies/jean-nouvel.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 64: Jean Nouvel 2.(2023) Architectuul.com. Available at:

https://architectuul.com/architect/jean-nouvel
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 65: Jean Nouvel 3.Davidson, J. (2015) Jean Nouvel is a master without a style,
Intelligencer. Available at: https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2015/06/architect-jean-nouvel-
profile.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 66: Jean Nouvel 4.Jean Nouvel (2020) Maniphesta. Available at:
https://maniphesta.com/jean-nouvel/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 67: 1. Louvre Abu Dhabi (2017).Soni, A. (2019) Jean Nouvel: 15 best projects, RTF |
Rethinking The Future. Available at: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-
architects/a444-15-projects-by-jean-nouvel/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 68: 2. Arab World Institute, Paris (1987).Arab world institute (2023) Archello. Available
at:
https://archello.com/project/arab-world-institute
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 69: 3. Agbar Tower, Barcelona (2005).Pilar, M. et al. (2023) Torre Agbar, Minube.
Available at:
https://www.minube.net/place/agbar-tower--a1333
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 70: 4. One Central Park, Sydney (2014).Frearson, A. (2014) Jean Nouvel’s Sydney
towers boast vertical gardens and a huge sunlight reflector, Dezeen. Available at:
https://www.dezeen.com/2014/10/10/one-central-park-sydney-jean-nouvel-vertical-gardens/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 71: 5. Quai Branly Museum, Paris (2006).Soni, A. (2019) Jean Nouvel: 15 best projects,
RTF | Rethinking The Future. Available at: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-
architects/a444-15-projects-by-jean-nouvel/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 72: 6. Cartier Foundation for Contemporary Art, Paris (1994).(2023) Architectuul.com.
Available at:
https://architectuul.com/architecture/cartier-foundation
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 73: 7. Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis (2006).Minneapolis Minnesota May 29 Guthrie

Theater stock photo 140430592 (2023) Shutterstock. Available at:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/minneapolis-minnesota-may-29-guthrie-theater-
140430592
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 74: 8. 40 Mercer Street, New York City (2007).(2023) Hines.com. Available at:
https://www.hines.com/properties/40-mercer-new-york
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 75: 9. 100 11th Avenue, New York City, (2010).100 11th avenue - the skyscraper center
(2023) Skyscrapercenter.com. Available at: https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/100-
11th-avenue/8978
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 76: 10. Gasometer, Vienna.Revitalisation of gasometers C and D (2023) Porr-

group.com. Available at: https://porr-group.com/en/projects/revitalisation-of-gasometers-c-
and-d/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 77: 12. The red sun pavilion, 2010.(2023) Serpentinegalleries.org. Available at:
https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2010-jean-nouvel/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 78: 11. Dentsu Building.Soni, A. (2019) Jean Nouvel: 15 best projects, RTF | Rethinking
The Future. Available at: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-architects/a444-
15-projects-by-jean-nouvel/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).
FIG 79: 13. National Museum of Qatar.Cords, S. (2019) Qatar’s new national museum:
Inspired by the desert rose, Deutsche Welle. Available at: https://www.dw.com/en/qatars-
new-national-museum-inspired-by-the-desert-rose/a-48093214
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 80: 15. Philharmonie de Paris (2015).Marwaha, S. (2021) Philharmonie de Paris in

France by Jean Nouvel shades of gray, RTF | Rethinking The Future. Available at:
https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/case-studies/a4399-philharmonie-de-paris-in-france-
by-jean-nouvel-shades-of-gray/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 81: 14. Expo.02 by Jean Nouvel.Jobin, C. (2018) 2002-architect-jean-nouvel-monolith-

of-expo-02-murten-switzerland-presented-by-the-molly-&-claude-team-realtors-ottawa, The
Molly & Claude Team. Available at: https://www.claudejobin.com/architect-jean-nouvel/2002-
architect-jean-nouvel-monolith-of-expo-02-murten-switzerland-presented-by-the-molly-
claude-team-realtors-ottawa/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 82: inspiration mood- board.

Bus: Sightseeing by bus (2021) Experience London. Transport for London. Available at:
https://londonblog.tfl.gov.uk/2021/10/06/london-sightseeing-by-bus/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Post box: Emu analytics - blog - WAIT A MINUTE MR POSTMAN! (2023) Emu-
analytics.com. Available at: https://www.emu-analytics.com/blog/post.php?s=2016-03-21-
wait-a-minute-mr-postman
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Phone box: PHONE BOOTH BOOK EXCHANGE (London) - all you need to know BEFORE
you go (2023) Tripadvisor. Available at: https://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/Attraction_Review-
g186338-d23751997-Reviews-Phone_Booth_Book_Exchange-London_England.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Queen’s Guard: Smallwood, K. (2017) Can the queen’s Guard really not react to people
while on duty?, Today I Found Out. Available at:
http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2017/08/can-queens-guard-really-not-move-react-
people-duty/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

London eye: Surhone, L. M., Timpledon, M. T. and Marseken, S. F. (eds.) (2010) Merlin
Entertainments. Betascript Publishing.Available at:
https://backstage.merlinentertainments.biz/2020/the-london-eye-to-mark-remembrance-
sunday-and-armistice-day-with-poppy-light-up/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Tower Of London: Landon, A. (2018) The Tower of London’s breathtaking poppies will return
this year, Secret London. Available at: https://secretldn.com/tower-london-poppies-return/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Sun set: Heat warning and special weather statement for London-Middlesex (2022) London.
Available at: https://london.ctvnews.ca/heat-warning-and-special-weather-statement-for-
london-middlesex-1.5994645
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Big Ben: Big Ben - New Years Eve Fireworks 2010 - 2011 - HDR (2023) Fine Art America.
Available at: https://fineartamerica.com/featured/--big-ben--new-years-eve-fireworks-2010--
2011--hdr-colin-j-williams-photography.html
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

Underground; (2023) Amazon.co.uk. Available at: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Abstract-

Underground-Painting-Frame-style1-24×36inch/dp/B09786RSQL?th=1
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 83: red sun1.Behance (2023) Behance.net. Available at:

https://www.behance.net/gallery/1020699/Serpentine-Gallery-Pavilion-2010
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 84: red sun 2.Behance (2023) Behance.net. Available at:

https://www.behance.net/gallery/1020699/Serpentine-Gallery-Pavilion-2010
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 85: The Red Sun Pavilion1.Serpentine Gallery - the Red Sun Pavilion — (2023) Ateliers
Jean Nouvel. Available at: http://www.jeannouvel.com/en/projects/serpentine-gallery-le-
pavillon-du-soleil-rouge/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 86: The Red Sun Pavilion 2.Serpentine Gallery - the Red Sun Pavilion — (2023)
Ateliers Jean Nouvel. Available at: http://www.jeannouvel.com/en/projects/serpentine-
gallery-le-pavillon-du-soleil-rouge/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 87: The Red Sun Pavilion 3.Alamy Limited (2023) Serpentine gallery pavilion jean
nouvel hi-res stock photography and images, Alamy. Available at:
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-jean-nouvel.html?
sortBy=relevant
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 88: material mood- board.Alamy Limited (2023) Serpentine gallery pavilion jean nouvel
hi-res stock photography and images, Alamy. Available at: https://www.alamy.com/stock-
photo/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-jean-nouvel.html?sortBy=relevant
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 89: floor plan.Singhal, S. (2011) The red sun pavilion in London, UK by jean Nouvel
Architect, ArchShowcase. Available at:
https://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/arch-showcase/2011/07/23/the-red-sun-pavilion-in-
kensington-gardens-london-by-jean-nouvel-architect/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 90: floor plan 2.Singhal, S. (2011) The red sun pavilion in London, UK by jean Nouvel
Architect, ArchShowcase. Available at:
https://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/arch-showcase/2011/07/23/the-red-sun-pavilion-in-
kensington-gardens-london-by-jean-nouvel-architect/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 91: elevations.Serpentine Gallery - the Red Sun Pavilion — (2023) Ateliers Jean
Nouvel. Available at: http://www.jeannouvel.com/en/projects/serpentine-gallery-le-pavillon-
du-soleil-rouge/
(Accessed: January 15, 2023).

FIG 92: sketches by Procreate

FIG 93: model by SketchUp