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2) Eight voters are asked to rank 4 brands of ice cream: A, B, C, and D. The eight voters turn in the following
ballots showing their preferences in order:
BCAD BCAD
CADB CDAB
CDAB BACD
CDAB CADB
Make a preference table for these ballots.
A) B)
Number of Votes 1 2 3 2 Number of Votes 1 2 3 2
First Choice B B CC First Choice B B CC
Second Choice A C A D Second Choice A C B D
Third Choice CADA Third Choice CADA
Fourth Choice DDB B Fourth Choice DDAB
C) D)
Number of Votes 1 2 2 3 Number of Votes 1 2 2 3
First Choice B B CC First Choice B B CC
Second Choice A C A D Second Choice A C B D
Third Choice CADA Third Choice CADA
Fourth Choice DDB B Fourth Choice DDAB
Answer: C
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3) Ten voters are asked to rank 3 brands of shoes: A, B, and C. The ten voters turn in the following ballots showing
their preferences in order:
CBA BCA CBA
BCA BAC BCA
BAC CBA
CBA BCA
Make a preference table for these ballots.
A) B)
Number of Votes 2 4 4 Number of Votes 2 3 4 1
First Choice B B C First Choice B B CC
Second Choice A C B Second Choice A C B A
Third Choice CAA Third Choice CAAB
C) D)
Number of Votes 2 4 4 Number of Votes 2 3 3 2
First Choice B B C First Choice B B CC
Second Choice A C A Second Choice A C B A
Third Choice CAB Third Choice CAAB
Answer: A
4) Ten voters are asked to rank 4 brands of cell phones: A, B, C, and D. The ten voters turn in the following ballots
showing their preferences in order:
ABDC ABCD BACD
BCAD BACD ABCD
BACD BCAD
BCAD BADC
Make a preference table for these ballots.
A) B)
Number of Votes 2 2 2 1 3 Number of Votes 2 1 3 1 3
First Choice AAB B B First Choice AAB B B
Second Choice B B A A C Second Choice B C A A C
Third Choice CDCDA Third Choice CB CDA
Fourth Choice DCDCD Fourth Choice DDDCD
C) D)
Number of Votes 2 2 2 1 3 Number of Votes 2 1 3 1 3
First Choice AAB B B First Choice AAB B B
Second Choice B C A A C Second Choice B B A A C
Third Choice CB CDA Third Choice CDCDA
Fourth Choice DDDCD Fourth Choice DCDCD
Answer: D
Number of Votes 20 7 4
First Choice A B C
Second Choice B C B
Third Choice C A A
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6) Students in several classes are asked to rank their choices for days to come to campus to make presentations as a
final project. There are three days where a big enough venue is available for each of the classes, Monday (M),
Tuesday (T) and Friday (F). The results are shown in the following preference table.
7) The drama classes are asked to rank the plays they want to perform in the following year. The choices are
Comedy (C), Drama (D), Mystery (M) or Shakespeare (S). The votes are summarized in the following preference
table:
Number of Votes 11 20 12 9 3 8
First Choice C D C M M S
Second Choice M M S D S C
Third Choice S S D S C M
Fourth Choice D C M C D D
Number of Votes 18 14 8 6
First choice A D A D
Second choice E A D E
Third choice D E E A
Which course is selected as the most favorite using the plurality method?
A) Entree B) Dessert C) Appetizer
Answer: C
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9) Four students are running for president of their class: Debra (D), Farah (F), Jorge (J), and Hillary (H). The votes
of their fellow students are summarized in the following preference table.
Number of Votes 51 45 16 5 5
First choice H F J F H
Second choice F J F J J
Third choice D H H D D
Fourth choice J D D H F
10) Computer Specialists is planning a group vacation to one of the following locations: Alaska (A), Florida (F), San
Antonio (S), or Hawaii (H). The employees rank the four possible sites according to the following preference
table.
Number of Votes 5 7 4 7 5 6 8
First A H F A A H F
Second H S S F H F S
Third F A H S S S A
Fourth S F A H F A H
11) A condominium association is holding an election for president of the board of directors. Each member ranks
the candidates from first to fourth. The preference table below shows the results of the ballots with candidates
Abbott(A), Blake (B), Cleary (C), and Downs (D).
Number of Votes 3 7 5 8 7 4 6 6 4
First AB AA CB DC C
Second CA B C DD B B A
Third B C CD AA AD D
Fourth DD DB B C CA B
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12) Four students are running for president of their dormitory: Debra (D), Farah (F), Jorge (J), and Hillary (H). The
votes of their fellow students are summarized in the following preference table.
Number of Votes 52 35 22 10 4
First choice D F J F H
Second choice F J F J J
Third choice H H H D D
Fourth choice J D D H F
Who is declared the new president using the Borda count method?
A) Jorge B) Hillary C) Farah D) Debra
Answer: C
13) Computer Specialists is planning a group vacation to one of the following locations: Alaska (A), Florida (F), San
Antonio (S), or Hawaii (H). The employees rank the four possible sites according to the following preference
table.
Number of Votes 5 7 4 7 5 6 8
First A H F A A H F
Second H S S F H F S
Third F A H S S S A
Fourth S F A H F A H
14) A condominium association is holding an election for president of the board of directors. Each member ranks
the candidates from first to fourth. The preference table below shows the results of the ballots with candidates
Abbott(A), Blake (B), Cleary (C), and Downs (D).
Number of Votes 3 7 5 8 7 4 6 6 4
First AB AA CB DC C
Second CA B C DD B B A
Third B C CD AA AD D
Fourth DD DB B C CA B
15) Diners at the Taste of Paris restaurant answer a questionnaire about their favorite course in a French meal. The
choices are: Appetizer (A), Entree (E), and Dessert (D). Their votes are summarized in the following table.
Number of Votes 18 14 8 6
First choice A D A D
Second choice E A D E
Third choice D E E A
Which course is selected as the most favorite using the plurality-with-elimination method?
A) Entree B) Dessert C) Appetizer
Answer: C
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16) Four students are running for president of their graduating class: Debra (D), Farah (F), Jorge (J), and Hillary (H).
The votes of their fellow students are summarized in the following preference table.
Number of Votes 48 47 17 7 5
First choice J F J F H
Second choice D J F J J
Third choice F H H D D
Fourth choice H D D H F
17) Computer Specialists is planning a group vacation to one of the following locations: Alaska (A), Florida (F), San
Antonio (S), or Hawaii (H). The employees rank the four possible sites according to the following preference
table.
Number of Votes 5 7 4 7 5 6 8
First A H F A A H F
Second H S S F H F S
Third F A H S S S A
Fourth S F A H F A H
18) Diners at the Rive Gauche restaurant answer a questionnaire about their favorite course in a French meal. The
choices are: Appetizer (A), Entree (E), and Dessert (D). Their votes are summarized in the following table.
Number of Votes 21 13 7 5
First choice E D A D
Second choice A A D E
Third choice D E E A
Which course is selected as the most favorite using the pairwise comparison method?
A) Tie between Appetier and Dessert
B) Tie between Entree and Dessert
C) Tie between Appetizer and Entree
D) Appetizer, Entree, and Dessert in a three-way tie
Answer: D
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19) Four students are running for president of their dormitory: Debra (D), Farah (F), Jorge (J), and Hillary (H). The
votes of their fellow students are summarized in the following preference table.
Number of Votes 52 35 22 10 4
First choice D F J F H
Second choice F J F J J
Third choice H H H D D
Fourth choice J D D H F
Who is declared the new president using the pairwise comparison method?
A) Hillary B) Farah C) Debra D) Jorge
Answer: B
20) Computer Specialists is planning a group vacation to one of the following locations: Alaska (A), Florida (F), San
Antonio (S), or Hawaii (H). The employees rank the four possible sites according to the following preference
table.
Number of Votes 5 7 4 7 5 6 8
First A H F A A H F
Second H S S F H F S
Third F A H S S S A
Fourth S F A H F A H
Number of Votes 9 8 3
First Choice P B S
Second Choice B S B
Third Choice S P P
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22) A service club needs to elect a new president. There are three candidates, A, B, and C. The winning candidate
will be determined by the Borda count method.
Number of Votes 12 10 4
First Choice A B C
Second Choice B C B
Third Choice C A A
23) An office supply company is electing a president for their board of directors. Four candidates are running for
the position: Michael (M), Dwight (D), Pam (P) and Jim (J). The winning candidate will be determined by the
Borda count method. The preference table for the election is shown.
Number of votes 10 4 2
First choice A B C
Second choice B C B
Third choice C A A
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25) A town votes on three different options, A, B and C, for placement of a statue within the town. The winner is to
be determined by the Borda count method. The preference table for the election is shown.
26) Students in several classes are asked to rank their choices for days to come to campus to make presentations as a
final project. There are three days where a big enough venue is available for each of the classes, Monday (M),
Tuesday (T) and Friday (F). The results are shown in the following preference table.
27) The preference table shows the results of a straw vote among three candidates, A, B, and C.
Number of votes 7 6 3
First choice A B C
Second choice B C B
Third choice C A A
(a) Using the plurality-with-elimination method, which candidate wins the straw vote?
(b) In the actual election, the 3 voters in the last column who voted C, B, and A, in that order, change their votes
to A, B, C. Using plurality-with-elimination method, which candidate wins the actual election.
(c) Is the monotonicity criterion satisfied?
A) B; B; yes B) C; A; no C) A; A; yes D) B; A; no
Answer: D
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28) The Mathematics Department is holding an election for department chair. Each member ranks the candidates
from first to third. The preference table below shows the results of the ballots with candidates Clark (C), Jones
(J), and Smith (S).
Number of Votes 7 10 4 8
First J S J C
Second S J CS
Third CC S J
Number of Votes 7 11 3 8
First J S J C
Second S J CS
Third CC S J
If the plurality-with-elimination method is used to determine the winner, is the montonicity criterion satisfied?
A) Yes B) No
Answer: A
29) The preference table shows the results of an election among three candidates, A, B, and C.
Number of votes 10 4 2
First choice C B A
Second choice A A B
Third choice B C C
30) The Mathematics Department is holding an election for department chair. Each member ranks the candidates
from first to third. The preference table below shows the results of the ballots with candidates Clark (C), Jones
(J), and Smith (S).
Number of Votes 7 10 4 8
First J S J C
Second S J CS
Third CC S J
If the Borda count method is used to determine the winner and Clark drops out, is the
independence-of-irrelevant-alternatives criterion satisfied?
A) Yes B) No
Answer: A
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Solve the problem.
31) A country is made up of four regions A, B, C, and D. The population of each region, in thousands, is given in the
following table.
Region A B C D Total
Population 364 261 298 237 1160
(in thousands)
According to the country's constitution, the congress will have 20 seats, divided among the four regions
according to their respective populations.
32) A country is made up of four regions A, B, C, and D. The population of each region, in thousands, is given in the
following table.
Region A B C D Total
Population 512 630 483 615 2240
(in thousands)
According to the country's constitution, the congress will have 40 seats, divided among the four regions
according to their respective populations. Find the standard quota for each region. Round to the nearest
hundredth.
A) A, 9.14; B, 11.25; C, 6.23; D, 10.98 B) A, 9.14; B, 11.25; C, 8.63; D, 10.98
C) A, 9.14; B, 11.82; C, 8.63; D, 10.98 D) A, 9.14; B, 11.25; C, 8.63; D, 5.31
Answer: B
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33) A small country consists of four states. The population of each state is shown in the table below. The total
number of seats in the legislature is 100.
State A B C D Total
Population 67,200 78,300 73,800 80,700 300,000
B) State A B C D
Population 67,200 78,300 73,800 80,700
Apportionment 22 26 25 27
C) State A B C D
Population 67,200 78,300 73,800 80,700
Apportionment 22 26 24 28
D) State A B C D
Population 67,200 78,300 73,800 80,700
Apportionment 23 26 24 27
Answer: B
34) A small country consists of four states. The population of each state is shown in the table below. The total
number of seats in the legislature is 100.
State A B C D Total
Population 44,800 52,200 49,200 53,800 200,000
B) State A B C D
Population 44,800 52,200 49,200 53,800
Apportionment 22 26 25 27
C) State A B C D
Population 44,800 52,200 49,200 53,800
Apportionment 23 26 24 27
D) State A B C D
Population 44,800 52,200 49,200 53,800
Apportionment 22 26 24 28
Answer: B
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35) The following question refers to a country with five states. There are 250 seats in the legislature, and the
populations of the states are given in the table below.
State A B C D E Total
Population (in thousands) 250 875 4700 3825 350 10000
B) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 250 875 4700 3825 350
Apportionment 6 22 117 96 9
C) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 250 875 4700 3825 350
Apportionment 7 22 117 95 9
D) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 250 875 4700 3825 350
Apportionment 6 23 116 96 9
Answer: B
36) The following question refers to a country with five states. There are 240 seats in the legislature, and the
populations of the states are given in the table below.
State A B C D E Total
Population (in thousands) 427 754 4389 3873 157 9600
B) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 427 754 4389 3873 157
Apportionment 10 19 111 97 3
C) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 427 754 4389 3873 157
Apportionment 11 19 109 97 4
D) State A B C D E
Population (in thousands) 427 754 4389 3873 157
Apportionment 10 19 110 97 4
Answer: D
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37) The following question refers to a country with six states. There are 250 seats in the legislature, and the
populations of the states are given in the table below.
State A B C D E F Total
Population (in thousands) 1456 6733 557 2081 685 988 12500
B) State A B C D E F
Population (in thousands) 1456 6733 557 2081 685 988
Apportionment 29 135 11 42 14 20
C) State A B C D E F
Population (in thousands) 1456 6733 557 2081 685 988
Apportionment 29 136 11 42 13 19
D) State A B C D E F
Population (in thousands) 1456 6733 557 2081 685 988
Apportionment 29 134 11 42 14 20
Answer: B
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38) An organization helping to provide meals to city shelters for the homeless has a membership of 60 volunteers.
They are assigned among the four city areas A, B, C, and D in proportion to the number of people fed in the
respective areas. The numbers of people fed at the city shelters in each city area are shown in the following
table.
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Use Jefferson's method to extend the table and apportion the 60 volunteers among the city areas.
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers ___ ___ ___ ___
A)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 14 16 19 11
B)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 13 16 18 13
C)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 14 17 17 12
D)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 13 17 18 12
Answer: D
39) A small country consists of seven states; there are 160 seats in the legislature that need to be apportioned among
the seven states; and the population of each state is shown in the table.
State A B C D E F G
Population 1283 2374 2725 2155 1592 2511 2017
Province A B C D E F G
Population 25,312 19,734 33,407 29,591 13,288 22,751 31,992
There are 300 federal judges to be apportioned according to the population of each province. Find the
apportionment for province G using Jefferson's method.
A) 53 B) 56 C) 55 D) 54
Answer: C
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41) An organization helping to provide meals to city shelters for the homeless has a membership of 60 volunteers.
They are assigned among the four city areas A, B, C, and D in proportion to the number of people fed in the
respective areas. The numbers of people fed at the city shelters in each city area are shown in the following
table.
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Use Webster's method to extend the table and apportion the 60 volunteers among the city areas.
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers ___ ___ ___ ___
A)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 13 15 18 14
B)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 16 16 17 11
C)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 15 15 20 10
D)
City area A B C D
Number fed 1760 2340 2420 1580
Number of volunteers 13 17 18 12
Answer: D
42) A small country consists of seven states; there are 160 seats in the legislature that need to be apportioned among
the seven states; and the population of each state is shown in the table.
State A B C D E F G
Population 1283 2374 2725 2155 1592 2511 2017
Province A B C D E F G
Population 25,312 19,734 33,407 29,591 13,288 22,751 31,992
There are 300 federal judges to be apportioned according to the population of each province. Find the
apportionment for province G using Webster's method.
A) 55 B) 56 C) 54 D) 53
Answer: C
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44) A small city has 50 police officers to be apportioned among 8 precincts based on the population of each
precinct. The populations are given in the following table.
Precinct 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Population 2115 3659 3117 1883 4912 4027 2776 3174
Find the apportionment for the Seventh Precinct using Webster's method.
A) 4 B) 7 C) 6 D) 5
Answer: D
45) A country consists of six states, with the state's populations given in the following table. The number of seats to
be apportioned is M = 100. Find the apportionment under the Huntington-Hill method.
State A B C D E F Total
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898 1,000,000
A) State A B C D E F
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898
Apportionment 32 21 19 13 6 9
B) State A B C D E F
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898
Apportionment 32 22 18 13 5 10
C) State A B C D E F
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898
Apportionment 32 21 20 12 5 10
D) State A B C D E F
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898
Apportionment 33 21 19 13 5 9
E) State A B C D E F
Population 321,980 204,950 189,670 133,800 53,702 95,898
Apportionment 32 21 19 13 5 10
Answer: E
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46) A biologist has 70 tags to apportion among three different animal populations. The populations of each are in
the table. Find the apportionment under the Huntington-Hill method.
Animal A B C Total
Population 5985 7235 11,080 24,300
A) Animal A B C
Population 5985 7235 11,080
Apportionment 17 20 33
B) Animal A B C
Population 5985 7235 11,080
Apportionment 18 21 31
C) Animal A B C
Population 5985 7235 11,080
Apportionment 17 21 32
D) Animal A B C
Population 5985 7235 11,080
Apportionment 18 20 32
Answer: C
State A B C D E F G
Population 1283 2374 2725 2155 1592 2511 2017
Does the Alabama paradox occur using Hamilton's method if the number of seats is increased from 160 to 161?
A) Yes B) No
Answer: B
Province A B C D E F G
Population 25,312 19,734 33,407 29,591 13,288 22,751 31,992
There are 300 federal judges to be apportioned according to the population of each province. Does the Alabama
paradox occur using Hamilton's method if the number of judges is increased from 300 to 301?
A) Yes B) No
Answer: B
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49) A city has 204 police officers to be apportioned among 4 precincts based on the population of each precinct. The
populations are given in the following table.
Precinct 1 2 3 4
Population 3462 7470 4265 5300
Does the Alabama paradox occur using Hamilton's method if the number of police officers is increased from
204 to 205?
A) Yes B) No
Answer: A
50) A small country consists of seven states; there are 160 seats in the legislature that need to be apportioned among
the seven states; and the population of each state is shown below for the years 2010 and 2015.
State A B C D E F G
2010 Population 1283 2374 2725 2155 1592 2511 2017
2015 Population 1347 2469 2847 2220 1640 2611 2078
51) In a small country consisting of 5 provinces, 300 federal judges are apportioned according to the population of
each province. The population of each province is shown for the years 2010 and 2015.
Province A B C D E
2010 Population 25,312 8,911 11,451 33,611 15,932
2015 Population 26,011 9,732 12,678 35,977 17,311
52) A town has 13 police officers to be apportioned among 3 precincts based on the population of each precinct.
The populations for the years 2015 and 2016 are given in the following table.
Precinct 1 2 3
2015 Population 930 738 415
2016 Population 975 750 421
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53) A country with two states has 16 seats in the legislature. The population of each state is given by:
State A B Total
Population 86,342 77,312 163,654
State A B C Total
Population 86,342 77,312 53,792 217,446
54) A country with two states has 16 seats in the legislature. The population of each state (in thousands) is given by:
State A B Total
Population 134 52 186
State A B C Total
Population 134 52 38 224
55) A country with two states has 75 seats in the legislature. The population of each state (in thousands) is given by:
State A B Total
Population 3184 8475 11659
State A B C Total
Population 3184 8475 330 11989
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