TITAL

LISTS OF DRAWINGS
LISTS OF FIGURES
LIST OF PLAN
LIST OF TABLES
 CONTENTS

Chapter No.1

1:1 Introduction

1:2 Geographical Location

1:3 Environmental Background

1:4 Ancient River Courses

Chapter No.2

2:1 Previous Literature Review

2:2 Present Reseach

Chapter No.3

3:1 Research Methodology

3:2 Reseach Objects

Chapter No.4

4:1 Name And Location

4:2 Material Construction

4:3 Decoration Inside And Outside

4:4 Internal Feactures

4:5 External Feactures

4:6 Inscription And Decipherement

Chronolgy

Discussion
Biblioghraphy
 SHAH BAHARO TOMB ,LARKANA

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Shah Baharo was the great warrior and excellent administrator from 18 th
century .The holy man was the minister of nur muhammad kalhoro,the famous
ruler of the kalhora dynasty(1700-1782). At the time of the british conquest
(1843) larkana was the principal station between sehwan and shikarpur. who is
well-known for fighting 84 battles during kalhora rule and is also known
responsible for restoring peace to larkana when the sindhi ruler mian noor
muhammad kalhoro appointed him administrator of the area.

Some specimens in the 18 th century buildings are noteworthy. One of the such
example, is the tomb of Shah Baharo at larkana . The Mausolum of shah baharo is
said to have been erected to his memory by ghulam shah kalhora in 1774 A.D and
He is credited with having excavated several canals and built some forts.He died
in 1188H,1735A.D and over his burial place the tomb was built by Main ghulam
shah kalhoro in 1773 A.D

The provision of the lantern system on the top the dome for the artificial lights is
attractive and good example of masonry work. In the front of the tomb the kasha
style bricks were fixed to make it attractive and the variation of colors painted in
the interior in the all around the tombs. The terracotta tiles on all the nine graves
in the tomb were advance stage of decay .

The dome and small minarets inculding the roof of the tomb is also in bed
condition ,dome is covered with bluish grey and green coloured tiles .the walls are
faced outside with coloured tiles . Tomb which contains a carved wooden door.

Statement of the problem.

The architecture heritage has a fine and prestigious place in the field of
archaeology, history and archaeology
There was a dire need to study the above mentioned tomb in detail.Scientific
documentation of the tomb will highlight the ancient history of the sindh
particularly the muslim period.

Ancient dry river courses

The search for old beds of River Indus based on River Indus on historical and
scientific lines started. When General Cunningham, Director Archaeological survey
of India, followed the route travelled by huong tsing in 7 th century A.D . His search
resulted in the location of a large numbers of Buddhist stupa. He produced a map
of old courses of river Indus and its tributaries in 1871 A.D. He thought that
eastern nara was the bed of river Indus(cunningham1871).

Raverty describing that, “eastern Nara or Hakra was the main river in which Sutlej
and other Ambala (India ) streams were discharging in eastern Punjab and Indus
carrying the combined waters of Jhelum, Chenab , ravi and beas discharging on it
below the eastern Nara as “Mehran” and calls the Indus as it tributary. He
supported his theory with historical references, and indicates the position of
rivers in this region at different periods.(Raverty 1892)

At the time of alexander in 327 B.C, the river indus passed north-west of sukkur
close to Ghouspur, north of Shikarpur and down south to Ruck. Than this course
crossed the present course of river and was particularly running parallel to it at
the distance about 20 kilometers east, till it reached “Patiala” . The capital of
Sindh a place in southern Nawab shah Taluka, but not to the east of Shahdadpur,
where delta head started. Here this course bifurcated, one branch turned south-
east and the other south-west, the former ended in sea possibly by present Tando
Muhammad khan one branch going down south, and other to the west above
Makli hills in to the sea(Panhwar 1964)

M.H Panhwar in his book ground water in Hyderabad and Khairpur Division has
geographer, who came to india about 150 A.D. He thought two branches of indus
one which passed below Kashmoor near Ghouspur then south of jacobabad and
near Gerhi Khairo and ended in the western depression or Sindh hollow, which
drained to Machar lake. This branch also got water flood stream of the Bolan ever
of the Balochistan. The other stream also took after from Indus River west Khair
thar mountain. That might have been the western Nara or Guar ( Panhwar 1964).

In other account Panhwar mentioned that “in the seven century A.D at the time
of Yuan Chach in 632 A.D The river passed near Dahiya/defats 20 km east of
present courses. Chach crossed the river near this place which is situated on
northern border of Kandhare Taluka, district Naushahro Feroze “ we old beds are
still visible. Below Brahmana bed it bifurcated into two branch . South East branch
met the eastern Nara just below Naukot and the western branch flowed to Debal.
The western branch is not mentioned but cannot have been non-exist ant
becaouse important Buddhist stupa existed near Badah and Dhamra which must
have been on it (Panhwar 1964).

Panhwar has mentioned important information that in the eight century A.D. at
the time of arbane conquest the course of Indus was only 2 kilometers west of
Mirpur Matelot . further south above Bakhar it turned south west, then headed
south passing close to the present with Sukhar on its west, then through lohan
daro, which was seven kilometers west of present kotdigi, 12 kilometers west of
laho, 05 kilometers east of Naushahro Feroze town , 03 kilometers east of thul mir
rukkan (north of kazi ahmed), 23 kilometers east of shewan , o3 kilometers east of
sakrand and 20 kilometers east of hyderabad. Hala was on the west of river
(Panhwar).

During present investigation, several pld eds at both these places were observed
for examples a branch took off from near Kahu jo daro and discharging in eastern
Nara about 35kilometers south of Naukot. A central branch took off the river 16
kilometers below sakrand and had important town like Bahru (Tharri) and Rawer
Talhar on it.

One branch of the river passed through Deh Behrani or Kakra Buk era which
according to “Chach Namah “ was assigned to certain cheif for his maintenance by
the governor of debal. This bed is still traceable through that deh (Bloch 1976).

One important chance that seems to have occurred during this period was
destruction of Brahmana bad due to an earthquake (cousion, 1929) and
Mansurah the capital was built on its site the year 734-35 A.D named after
Abbasside caliph AL mansoor. The two arbane geoghrapher Al-Istakhari, 951 and
Ibn Haukal’s 960 A.D wrote in the second half of century A.D

Scope of study

In this reseacher, the reseacher will have a brief discussion in the history of tomb
of shah baharo.

The architecture of the tomb has its own characteristics .the reseacher have
highlighted the main factor of the architecture of this tomb .

So this reseacher will bring awareness among the people of larkana regarding to
its own cultural heritage .It will also pave way for the restoration of this unique
tomb.

Reseach objective

 To record material used in tombs and also focused on architecture.

 Historical background of shah baharo
 To understand religious belief of people regarding the tomb of shah baharo

Methodology

To succeed study of tombs, reseacher will use both primary and secondary source
of data collection, by studing multiple books associated and modern technologies,
reseach articles and concerd comprehensive book to analyze the tiles and brick
whose detail will be given in reference section there are great large numbers of
books dealing the ancient or primitive cultures and civilization ,and also i will go
through reeaching the seminar library of Anthropology and Archaeology
Dpartment University of Sindh, Jamshore to known more and more about tombs
history collection of designs. The reseacher visited tombs and area wher tombs
are situated in town.
Informal and unstructured Interview

Managing formal interview and requesting questions from people is a difficult

talk.In the situation of legal interviewing people or respondents get conscious of
their interviewee status. Informal interview technique passes the questions to be
formed in the course of communication external a structure formal. This is an n
informal and approximately less restrictive way of obtaining information from the
interviewee. I applied this method of interviewing during my reseach. This
method showed very essential in establishing a good rapport with interviewees
and also collecting important relevent information in a well-organized practice.

Therefore, I had a simple and unstructured interview with the great educationist.
This method was practiced to get in depth information about the area study of
shah baharo tombs This technique gave me information about the funcion.
People feel more comfortable to discuses their important issues and reseacher
get the possibility to learn many things.

Formal and Structured Interview

Similarly, informal and structured interview, formal and structured interview are
also one of an essentail tool to collect data for reseacher. A structured interview
(also known as a standardized interview or a reseacher-conducted surveying) is an
employed is survey reseach. The aim of this procedure is to ensure that each
interview is presented with excatly the same questions in the same order. This
allows that between individual sub groups of between different surviving period.
Thus I had a formal and strutured interview with Ishtiaq ansari in order to collect
the data about the orgin of shah baharo tomb .

Fundamental informants

Good informants are people too that you can talk easily, who understand the
information you need, and who are gald to give it to you or get it for you.Key
informants are a respectale and reliable person who joins to the reseacher to
respondents aand gives him a lot of reliable information. A person with whom a
field reseacher has interview communication for an extensive period of time. In
sequence to get the actual information, I communicated
with.....................................

Physical Mapping

Here technique was used to get information about the physical structure of the
locale and its neighboring. This method helped me locate the central spot where
people gathered for the various purpose. Its also allowed me to pinpoint the
tomb shah baharo.

Photography

This necessary tool in reseach programs, this technique is utilized to produce a

visual history of the record of the mansions and tombs, for me, it was a big
assignment to get the every caption of the tombs combining with front, back, left
and right. But the thankful of mujwar and juniad chandio who supported me a
much.

Noting

Because we know that social memory is very poor and we cannot remember
things for a long time. So the noting is the best technique to retrive information
because these are in written pattern with us. I held a note pad with me at each
time in the field and, make field noting on the place.

Daily dairy

The daily dairy is useful means of storing the record of a reseacher actively, it is a
special thing and utmost necessary is just to have one and to keep it separate. It
keeps a reseacher to deal with loneliness, fear and additional emotion that make
field hard. While data analysis, dairy becomes necessary professional documents.

Tape marking

With the use of this routine in short period time reseacher can receive a large
amount of data information which can obtain from a tape recording.
FIG NO 3.1 MAP OF SINDH

LOCATING DISTRICT LARKANA

(SOURCE WWW. GOOGLE MAP.COM)

Field notes
As a field worker, field notes are of relatively important, I practiced to rewrite my
field notes daily and regularly by managing the data, while field notes help as a
mean to save the daily record so, we can say that field notes are hub tools of
reseach.

Hypothesis

The tomb of shah baharo larkana is very rich in architectural point of view. This
tomb have all the basic charachteristic of kalhora period architecture.

Overview and Pro farm as

This requirement for archaeological surve approaches from the want to

recongnize the important physical elements for our past in system that they may
be conferred for future generation on the other hand pro from as in an action
reseach method, a term used to practices or document that are done as a pure
formality, per functory , or seek to satisfy the minimum requirement or to confirm
to a convention or doctrine. It has pro forms can be applied under primarily
analyzing the collected data to date within the context of action reseach.

Significance of study

The documentation of these tombs is very important this is cultural heritage

positively comparatively in history . this research work aim to cultural heritage
and awareness and encourage people protect this cultural heritage . This research
work knowledge will help to local people of this area to understanding of tombs
and it will help the students also of archaeology history and architecture.

Literature review
 Chapter two

Background study

Larkana, the fourth biggest city of the province ,sindh, is known as “eden of
sindh” and is home to the historic Indus river it derives its name from the
neighbouring larak tribe.The district of larkana is home town of zulifiqar ali bhuto
and shaheed benazir bhutto, the most famous archaeological site Mohen jo daro
is also located here.

As far as the ancient of larkana concerd it goes back to five thousand years when
mohen jo daro was in full swing .This civilization was contempary to mesopotamia
and egypt. Hence credit for unparalled innovative headway of mohen jo daro goes
to its exchange of cloth. Aryans had come in sindh in 1500 B.C They had settled in
diverse part of sindh.they while crossing larkana, arrived at bhanbhore. Diverse
individuals came in sindh yet non could eliminate the tradition of Aryans till
teachings of buddhism spread for and wide in 4 th century B.C . whose
confirmati0on is found in Mohen jo daro that was a middle of love for buddhism .
Sikandar assaulted sindh in 330.B.C. His strenghts had crossed littke town known
as mahota. It was named by his powers as maota in greak . After greeks sindh was
controllled by Gopta Family from 320A.D to 525 A.D. Soomras had possessed
entire of Sindh aside from Bakhar and Multan. In 1182 A.D Sultan Shuhab-ud-din
Gori was involved Bkhar and Multan. In the mean while, Larkana was the piece of
Bakhar (Now known as sukkur). After Soomra Clan, Sama Clan led over Sindh and
Thatta was made as capital of sindh, Jam Nizam ul din was best leaders of Sindh.
In the interim, Chandia community had hold over Larkana. Subsequently ,
Chandias were compensated intensely for their commitment. Nonetheless, after
destruction of the Jam Nizamul din , Shah Beg began controlling once again Sindh.
Larkana city is absolutely after effect of contruction ofd cannal “Ghar wah”. In late
sixteenth century,Kalhoras began their tenet.

In their guideline, Shah Bhaharo was a leader of larkana. After end of Kalhora
principle, time of talp[ur came and Nawab wali Mohammad khan was made
Governor of larkana.

In 1843 A.D, the Enghlish possessed Sindh. They partitioned Sindh in three
sections karachi, Hyderabad and Shikarpur. Larkana waas the piece of Shikarpur
and Dadu was a piece of Larkana . In 1930A.D .Dadu was made separate district
and larkana got its available shape amid Historic development for Pakistan.
Larkanians took dynamic part of in development of Khalifat nand Hijirat so overall
larkana is always been the centre of political activity in sindh.

Archaeological, religious and other sites

Larkana is famous for archaeological sites. One of such examples is none other
than Mohen jo Daro which dates back to 500 years. This site is a huge attraction
for tourists from all over the world. Mohen jo Daro is situated on 27 km from
larkana and has a historical significance of Indus valley civilization.

Another archaeological site in larkana is Jhoker jo Daro which is also a main

source of religious sites there is also a main source of attraction for tourists. Apart
from archaeological sites and famous markets such as Allah wali masjid , resam
gali, sonarki market, machi(fish) market and khataan market, which sells various
pickle flavours.

Geographical position
Larkana is a city found in sindh, Pakistan. It lies between 25 053 and 280 North
latitude and 67011 and 68033’ on the right bank of the river Indus and covers an
area of 5,053 square miles. It is bounded on the north by the Upper Sind frontier
District and the Sukkur District, on the east by the river Indus and on the west by
the territory of His Highness the Khan of Kalat: at the south it narrows
considerably and intrudes into the Karachi District. It may be divided into two
parts which are entirely dissimilar in character, viz, (1) the Kohistan, or hill country
, and (2) the low lands which lie between the Kohistan and the Indus .

Climate

The district has intense climate in summer which is hot and moderate in winter.
The network of canals and general sub-emersion of soil during the summer add
moisture to the heat. The heat prolongs up to the middle of october, after which
the nights become cool and the day temperature begins to recede. The maximum
and minimum temperature in summer season is approximately 43’C and 33’C
maximum to the 51’ and in winter season 21’C and 11’C correspondingly. The
average annual rainfall is about 100 to 125 milimeters. Dust stroms are frequent
andd hot winds blow constantly for about 40 days p to end of may every year.

History of the word Larkano

Chandka has been given the name Larkano after a tribe called “larik”, which was
settled on the bank of “ghaar wah” and its suburbs. The word and name
“larkano” reference first time to the persian historical book “ Tuhfatul –kram”
written by Meer Ali Sher Qanui Thathvi which has been written in 1760 (kalhora
period ). In this books writer inscribed he notes about larkano on four different
pages . during that period the digging of ghar wah along with production of
agriculture made the population of the region increased at high level.

Later on historical scripts like lab-tareekh-e-sindh, Tareekh taza navai murarka,

and in volumes of foreign voyagers and explorers articulate about this city
specifically. Those all books have been written in kalhora regime which reveals
that larkano exercised significance during socially, politically and economically
prosperous period of kalhora dynasty. Few books revealed larkano as capital city
of chandka state.

Food and Agriculture

Larkana is famous for guava fruit; Ratodero and larkana are famous for
abundance of guava orchards. A fertile land surrounds larkana which produces all
kinds of crops , fruits and some vegetables for example matter, guava, rice maize,
mustard and sugarcane. However, the unique crop of guava is sown and
harvested in abundance in the area of larkana in the entire sindh province. A
major chunk of the fruit is then exported to other countries as well. Apart from
guava, lotus root (also known as “bhay” in sindhi) is very famous and eaten by
locals a lot. Many visitors enjoy this vegetable dish when they visit larkana.
Sugarcane is cultivated and processed in sugar mills at nau dera .

Customs and traditions

various customs and raditions can be observed if one gets a chance to visit the
city ; Pirs and murshids are given due respect by masses belonging to rural areas
of the city as well as a few sects from urban areas. People visit the shrines of such
pirs and performs various rituals and urs ceremonies.

There are a number of shrines in larkana such as shrine of syed qasim shah
bukhari , shrine of Bhutto family and others. As far as celebrating rituals and
festivals are concered, festivals such as sindhi topi and ajark day, folk song festival
etc are celebrated throughout the year. The main aim of such events/ festivals is
to promote cultural heritage through display of sindhi songs , the famous being ,”
jiye wara jiyan”, wearing traditional dresses, singing folk songs and playing
musical instrument s such as yaktaro ( a colourful single string instrument ),
dholaks and table in the memory of some well known sufis. Most of the men and
women are also seen doing the traditional jhoomar dance at wedding and
festivals. Moreover, shooting and kodi kodi are the traditional games that are very
common in the area of larkana ; wrestling is usually a part of most of the festivals
that take place here.
 Chapter three

Shah Baharo’s sons

It is said that Shah Baharo had four sons which were Maqsood Faqeer, Fateh Khan
,Mir Khan and Dost M. Khan after that of Mian M. Kalhora, Shah Baharos son
Maqsood faqeer Gave supporting hand to Mian Ghulam Shah’s rebel brother
Main M. Ateryab, At the time of unthroning of M. Murad Yab .

But fortune did not favoured him and he was defeated by M. Ghulam Shah
Kalhoro every time .successor of shah baharo are still present in Pado, Larkana
and Qumbar district of Sindh

Shah Baharo Faqeri Title

The first ruler of kalhora dynasty Main Adam Shah felt that for power ther is need
for physical power along with spiritual power

Hence, he occupied the large territories of the land. Whose postion was also a
landlord as well as a religious schalor. His followers were called faqeer and these
faqer call their higher leadership with title of “Main sahb ” .after all, All the
kalhora rulers personate themselves as the name of “Main” and “khadimul
fuqra”. Similarly followers were also divided into teo groups.

One of them were called “faqeer”, which were fullfill time workes. Their duty was
to make propagand of party. Including new memebers inside the movement,
create image of party leader’s personality and mobilize movement. Objectives to
the masses.
 The other group was such followers’ to work for land purchase, making new
villages, providing money for movement and to provide services for the purpose
of the struggle. This group was called as “sirae”.

Similarly , when Main Noor Muhammmad Kalhoro was given (gadi), He gave tittle
of faqeer to his some special service makers. In this Shah Baharo was also
included . A person Who was more loved by kalhoras were known as fils

Shah Baharo and wisdom

In Sindh, the schalors, visitors and political leaders , who have pased, were
interested in medicine with their physicians. Shah Baharo also knew Arbaic,
persian, and sindhi languages. At the same time he was expert physician.
Especially in hid medical practice, his counsel was very important in sindh. Kalhora
rulers themselves prefer his advice for cure and physicians and schalors of greek
medicine were present. Among them the names of syed abdullah son of sadullah
soorti (died 1138 A.H) Main Shafi Mohammad Dobi (died 1174), physician abdul
rauf Bobkani (died 1181), and Mirza Ali Muhammad Khan were on top of the list.
Main Shah Baharo most part of his life spent with disappointed and unsatisfactory
patients for healing and praying them. His explanations and suggestins were
philosophical and fascinating style. Therfore many patients become healthy. He
was well-know physician at his time . he did not open clinic as ruler, but mostly
for the service.

Library of shah baharo

Memon Abdul Ghafoor Sindhi writes for Shah Baharo ‘s seeking knowledge and
love with books as under.

In starting of eighteen century Shah Baharo son of Hyder Jahanjan was vice (prime
minister and sirdar) of Main Noor Muhammad kalhoro. In the age of 28 years
became chairman of chondoki Bargani. Larkana was on the high rise due to hid
personal influence, happiness, and political movements. The large archive of
books was available with him. Madad Khan Achu was scriber who was responsible
for library.
In year 1721AD went in makkah fr offering Hajj. In return bought many religious
books in Arabic Language, and put in the library. Unfortunately revolutionary
changes of time,

There is any name or sign of the library.

Life account of shah baharo

As it has been mentionned in several history books that father of Shah baharo
Ghulam hyder was counted as one of the sincere servants of the Kalhoras.
Ghulam hyder was special servant of the Shahal Muhammad. It has ben seen that
after the martyrodom of Adam shah Mia Daud and Mia Ilyas spent their time in
peace and tranquility, they augmented their fields and also the number of
devotees increased . The flag bearers of Bakhar did not get any excuse to
complain but in the period of Mia Shah Ali again the circumstances changed and
resulted even in killing and blood shedding.

According to Jeaye heg ,normally the kalhoras were (JARHY) but worked very hard
in cultivation of the fields. The excavation of the GHAR cannal made the
Chandroki the paradise and Kalhoras thus proved that they had full right of the
robbed fields but this was not liked by the rulers of that time was not liked by the
rulers of that time so came to Multan and Bakhar. The troops used to fight and
make flee the kalhoras and in such fights Shah Ali was killed. Whenever the army
troops retreated, Kalhoras came back to their places.

Even today same is the case when a ruler does a little injustice with their people
and snatch their property. The people do not like him and similiarly their
supporters and uprigths can not acquire good status in common people.

It can be that the father of Shah Baharo may have been the accomplice of shahal
muhammad in teasing the Abros, Panhwars and Sanghis.

After Ghulam hyder the father of Shah baharo his elder son Maqsood Faqeer also
remaided the service man of the Kalhoras.

Ghulam Muhammad Lakho writes the below lines about the close servants and
flagbearers of the kalhoras.
The protection, eternity and steadfastness of any government or state largely
depends upon the civil as well as army of the state or government. The rise and
fall of the government is the result of the controlers of that government. A good
government or a bad government on greater extent depends upon the civil and
the army beaurocracy crew. The rule of kalhoras was increasing till the rich and
the flagbears were in accordance. When the rich and the flagbearers fought with
each other then it took no more time in the collapsing of the rule of kalhoras.

In the period of Mia Naseer Muhammad and Mia Din Muhammad the record of
Ghulam hyder’s son and the elder brother of Shah Baharo Maqsood Faqeer has
been mentioned.

After Mia Naseer Muhammad his elder son Mia Din Muhammad sat on the seat of
peeri murshdi and also started to rule.

The period of Mia Din Muhammad remained bright and in his period kalhoras
strenghtened their government and rulers more firmy.

Again the opponent forces of kalhoras raised their heads and several serious
fights continoused between these two but Kalhoras won.

Mir Ali Sher Qanah write that the fatehpur in indeed belonged to the mir
panhwars but now was under kalhoras rule. Mir went to the court of king or
complaining about acquiring it. Mirza Khan Pini was ent for help but he failed
after that Ameer Shaikh came and Feroz warry came out of the fort and the
defied each other at Garelo. From other side troops from Lashkar also reached
both fought the battle with Ameer in which Ameer was killed. The Hakim of
Bakhar Allahyaar khan Brohi and the Mir’s of kalhoras but Brohi were compelled
to flee and save their life, Panhwars supported Kalhoras in compulsion.

Kalhora’s discords with rulers of Sibi and shikarpur continued . The prince
Muhammad Muiz ul Din budged along the way to lahoro and when Mia Din
Muhammad heard about this news, he sent his younger brother Khamal and
Qasim to the Bakhar who pacified the prince and created peace with him.
In Thauf ul Ikram ,this has been mentioned that the tribulations were written in
the fortune of Sarai becouse his elder brother thought of showing his power to
the price so he took the army with him without informing his knight and robbed
the Mathali and the villages around it. As the ocean flows in anger likewise the
prince returned back with great anger.

Mia Din Muhammad concealed himself when he watched the hard time coming
and the army reached in savistan and robbed the near villagesthere. After living
for six months in the Savisan Shah Din finally came for achiving a truce.

The famous commander Maqsood Faqeer was elder son of Shah Baharo. In
history it has been mentioned that when the mughal prince Muiz ul Din invaded
the Sindh, the with Mia Din Muhammad had no any idea of having battle with
him. He with his able lawyers had convinced him to return back to Multan but
Maqsood Faqeer just for expressing his power attacked the several villages of the
North Sindh and destoryed them completely on which the prince Muiz ul Mia Din
got bellicose and took Mia Din Muhammad with himself to multan and got him
killed there.

Shah Baharo was one of the close consultants of the kalhoras after his father
Ghulam Haider and his brother Maqsood. Shah Baharo was born in 1665 B.C. and
that was the period of Mia Naseer Muhammad Kalhoro in which Mia Wall
Tahreek was on its peak but in Mia Wall Tahreek and its men nowhere Shah
Baharo is mentioned. At the time of death of Mia Naseer Muhammad Shah
Baharo 27 years old. He was a brave young man but is not seen anywhere in the
whole Mia Wall Tahreek.

After Mia Naseer Muhammad, Din Muhammad ruled on sindh from 1692 to 1700
which means he ruled for 8 years. During the times of Mia Din Muhammad’s reign
Shah Baharo was 35 years old which means till 35 years there no recorded found
of this brave young man. When in 1701 Mia Yaar Muhammad become the ruler of
sindh at that time in the history of sindh kalhora his record is found like this.

From the famous known general of kalhora’s Shah Baharo deserves to be

mentioned. In the period of (1718 to 1700) till his death Shah Baharo took part in
the every battle and won the majority of the battles which he fought. He
constructed several forts, dug the canals everywhere remained the (Nazim) of the
larkana region purgari and in his period he did not leave any effort to cultivate
that region. He died in 1735 B.C and 1148 A.D.