INFERENCE BASED QUESTIONS

Directions: In the following questions, a short

passage is given, followed by three possible
inferences that may or may not be derived from the
passage. The question is then followed by five
options. You have to choose the correct option.
Passage 1. The current phase of the Ukraine war is a textbook
A. Only a
example of what international relations theorists call a spiral
B. Both a and b
model, where parties treat each other with matching hostility,
C. Both b and c
sharply escalating an existing conflict. Even if there is no desire
D. Both a and c
for a nuclear war on both sides, escalatory spirals could be
E. All a, b, and c
dangerous, which, if left unchecked, could take their own course.
Still, why is there no conscious diplomatic effort to create
conditions for talks?

a. The current war situation bespeaks a domino effect,

foreshadowing a dreary future.
b. It is heartbreaking to witness a party's unwillingness to
parley when the other is inclined to do so.
c. A spiral effect, where the stances of parties are analogous,
may take the war out of the frying pan into the fire and
therefore necessitates a discreet discourse.
Passage 2. Kennedy and Khrushchev had shown strategic
A. Only a
empathy to understand the predicament both leaders were in, B. Both a and b
and they could make difficult choices. But Mr. Putin and Mr.
C. Both b and c
Biden are in their own silos, blaming each other and blindly
D. Only c
pursuing their goals through force, while Ukraine is on fire.
E. All a, b, and c
The sooner they come out of it, the better for the world.

a. For Mr. Putin to be a good judge of the existing

predicament, he must put himself in Mr. Biden's shoes.
b. At a time when the current context requires astute
piloting, the taciturn attitude can make the journey
venturesome.
c. Percipient attitude was a hallmark of the late wartime
leaders, something that is few and far between in the
ongoing state of affairs.
Passage 3
A. Only a
3. Given India’s strong fundamentals and abundance of talent,
B. Only b
there is no reason why such a vast expanse of the economy
C. Both b and c
should be languishing, with so many people witnessing a
D. Both a and b
contraction in their incomes. We do need to shift the policy
focus from a few rich corporations to the larger segments of E. All a, b, and c
population — small businesses, farmers and ordinary
labourers. There is a need for fiscal policy interventions to
transfer income from the super-rich to these segments.

a. Indians' financial status varies greatly, which is propelled

by discriminatory financial strategies.
b. There are telltale signs that the Indian economy ought to
be robust and thriving.
c. India, a once-vibrant economic power, is currently wasting
away its rich talent pool.
 Perfection Batch

Direction(1-6): Read the given short passages

carefully and answer the questions that follow.
 Perfection Batch
Passage 1 them with citrus fruits(rich
Scurvy is a serious condition that causes in vitamin C). In 1795, the
weakness, severe joint pain, loose teeth, and can British navy mandated that
eventually burst major arteries, causing unforeseen every sailor at sea for long
death. On many long sail voyages, more than half be given a ration of lime
of the people on board succumbed to the disease. juice. Again and again
Yet methods for curing or preventing scurvy had during this period, various
already been discovered many times by many people discovered that
peoples, from Iroquois Native Americans who eating certain fresh fruits
boiled the leaves and bark of the eastern white and vegetables reliably
cedar in water, to ancient Chinese who ate ginger prevented the disease.
on long sea trips. At the end of the 15th century,
Vasco da Gama, the leader of the first European
sea voyage to reach India, prevented scurvy in his
 Perfection Batch
1. Which of the following statements can A. Both b and c
be deducted from the above context? B. Only a
C. Both a and b
a. The disease Scurvy used to be D. Only c
endemic. E. All a, b and c
b. Scurvy used to be a dreadful disease
and was mainly caused due to the
deficiency of certain nutrients.
c. Various natural remedies for Scurvy
were known to many people.
 Perfection Batch
2. Which of the following imaginary conditions A. Both b and c
can likely be valid, according to the above B. Only a
context?
C. Both a and b
D. All a, b and c
a. On a long sail voyage, a man ate some stale
E. None of a, b and c
fruits and as a result contracted Scurvy.
b. Before setting off for a long sail voyage, a
worker of a ship crew took some fresh limes
with him and he reached his destination without
contracting Scurvy.
c. A person was infected with Scurvy and didn't
take any preventive measures; he perished all
of a sudden.
 Perfection Batch
3. How would you describe the A. Both a and b
disease Scurvy and Vasco da Gama B. Only a
respectively, using idioms? C. Both b and c
D. Only b
a. a bump in the road; founding father E. All a, b and c
b. a cloud on the horizon; a port in a
storm
c. a pretty pass; a shot in the arm
Passage 2
The psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and ‘anti-psychiatrist’
Thomas Szasz did argue that there was no such thing
as mental illness. He believed that mental illnesses
were ‘problems of living’, things that made it hard to
live well because they were bound up with personal
conflicts, bad habits and moral faults. Therefore,
mental illness was the sufferer’s own personal
responsibility. As a consequence, Szasz claimed that
psychiatry should be abolished as a medical
discipline, since it had nothing to treat. If a person’s
symptoms had a physiological basis, then they were
physical disorders of the brain rather than ‘mental’
ones. And if the symptoms had no physiological
basis, Szasz claimed, then they didn’t amount to a
true ‘illness’.
This argument relied heavily on
the idea that mental illnesses are
categorically distinct from
‘physiological’ ones. Yet many
mental illnesses have
physiological causes and effects,
and even those with no clear
physiological cause often warrant
medical intervention, because the
people suffering from such
conditions still deserve medical
help.
 Perfection Batch
4. If we consider Thomas Szasz's argument A. Only a
legitimate, which of the following inferences can
B. Both b and c
we draw?
C. Only b
a. If a child has some structural flaws in his brain, he D. Both a and b
absolutely deserves to be called a mental patient. E. All a, b and c
b. If a person is having some problems in thinking
and making decisions properly just on account of
his own perceptions, he doesn't deserve to get any
medical treatment.
c. A person can only suffer psychologically, owing to
the way he perceives things around him, even if
there are some bodily symptoms.
 Perfection Batch
5. Which of the following arguments can be made,
reading the author's words in the second part of
A. Both b and c
the passage? B. Only a
C. Both a and b
a. The patients suffering from psychological issues D. Both a and c
without any clear physical causes, deserve to be
treated medically, probably on humanitarian
E. All a, b and c
grounds.
b. A problem in the mind may affect a person
physically and can lead to some physical
symptoms.
c. A person can certainly be a victim of mental illness
despite the fact that he doesn't have any physical
issues in his brain.
 Perfection Batch
6. How does Thomas Szasz sound? A. Only a
B. Both b and c
a. On the square C. Only b
b. A bit hard-hearted D. Both a and b
c. On the make E. All a, b and c