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Ureterostomia cutanatæ
Abstract
Objectives. To present the postoperative results of a urinary diversion which is both easy to perform and has an
extremely low rate of complications.
Patients. The present study was conducted between 1990 and 2009 on 155 patients operated by the author. The
patients were divided in two groups: Group A consisted in 119 ureterocutaneostomies (102 bilateral, 16 unilateral, 1
ureterotransureterostomy) performed after radical cystectomy (4 T2a, 21 T2b, 31 T3a, 23 T3b, 26 T4a, 14 T4b, 8
patients with positive lymph nodes N+, 8 with metastatic disease); 104 males and 15 females, with mean age of 62,2
years (42-78). Group B consisted in 36 cases; the indications for urinary diversion were, as follows: 20 cases of cervix
uteri cancer, in which anterior or total pelvic exenteration was performed, 10 cases of rectal cancer with invasion of
the bladder, for which we have performed rectal amputation and radical cystectomy, one case of neuropathic
bladder, one case of urinary tuberculosis, one case of prostate cancer and two cases of urethral valves. In the B group
we had 11 males and 25 females with mean age of 53.9 years (19-87), nine unilateral and 27 bilateral. The indications
for this type of urinary diversion were: advanced stage of the disease, upper urinary tract distension with elevated
serum creatinine levels, recurrent urinary infection with nosocomial agents (Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas) which
could not be eradicated at the time of the intervention, comorbidities, advanced age of the patients, the extent of
the intervention, incidents or intraoperative problems which imposed a short operative time (hemorrhage,
coagulation problems, arrhythmia, problems related to the anesthesia).
Results. 21 early postoperative complications were recorded (three cases of bowel obstruction, one case of ureteral
necrosis, one case of wound infection, five cases of seroma, two cases of evisceration, seven cases of prolonged ileus).
Late complications occurred in 33 cases (three ureteral stenosis, one ureteral perforation, seven cases of acute
pyelonephritis, and 22 cases of urinary tract infection).
Conclusions. Ureterocutaneostomy is the simplest method of urinary diversion. It is easy to do, fast and less
shocking for the patient. The rate of immediate and late complications is extremely low.
Rezultate
Complicaflii precoce: 21 (13,5%) (ocluzie 3, necrozæ
de ureter 1, infecflie plagæ 1, serom 5, evisceraflii 2, ileus
Fig. 8. Sutura ureterului spatulat la tegumente.
prelungit 7).
Complicaflii tardive: 33 (19%) (stenozæ de ureter 3,
perforaflie de ureter 1, pielonefritæ acutæ 7, infecflii tract
urinar 22).
a. b.
Fig. 9. a,b. Aspectul final al ureterostomiei cutanate în “fleavæ de puøcæ”.
Scop. Prezentarea rezultatelor postoperatorii a unei derivaflii urinare simple, uøor de efectuat øi cu o ratæ extrem
de redusæ de complicaflii.
Pacienfli øi metodæ. Studiul de faflæ a fost realizat între 1990-2009 pe un lot cu 155 de pacienfli operafli de autor.
119 ureterostomii cutanate - lotul A (102 în “fleavæ de puøcæ”,16 unilaterale,1 U trans U) au fost realizate dupæ
cistectomii radicale (4 T2a, 21 T2b, 31 T3a, 23 T3b, 26 T4a, 14 T4b) 31 cu N+, 8 cu metastaze, la 15 femei øi 104 bærbafli,
cu vârsta medie de 62,26 de ani (42-78 ani). În alte 36 de cazuri - lotul B indicaflia a fost: 20 de neoplasme de col uterin
dupæ exenteraflie pelvinæ anterioaræ sau totalæ, 10 neoplasme rectale cu invazia vezicii urinare - s-a practicat
amputaflie de rect cu cistectomie radicalæ, un caz vezicæ neurologicæ, un caz de tuberculozæ urogenitalæ, un cancer
de prostatæ, douæ cazuri de valve uretrale. În lotul B au fost 25 de femei øi 11 bærbafli, vârsta medie 53,9 de ani (19-87
ani), 9 unilaterale, 27 bilaterale. Indicaflia acestui tip de derivaflie urinaræ a fost: stadiul avansat al bolii de bazæ,
distensia aparatului urinar superior cu retenflie azotatæ, infecflii urinare persistente, cronice cu germeni de spital
(Klebsiella, Proteus, Piocianic) care nu au reuøit sæ fie sterilizate pânæ la momentul operafliei. Comorbiditæflile, vârsta
înaintatæ a pacienflilor, amploarea operafliei de exerezæ, incidente sau probleme intraoperatorii care au necesitat
terminarea cât mai urgentæ a intervenfliei (hemoragii, probleme de coagulare, anestezie - tulburæri de ritm).
Rezultate. Complicaflii precoce 21-13,5% (ocluzie 3, necrozæ de ureter 1, infecflie plagæ 1, serom 5, evisceraflii 2,
ileus prelungit 7). Complicaflii tardive 33-19% (stenozæ de ureter 3, perforaflie de ureter 1, pielonefritæ acutæ 7, infecflii
tract urinar 22).
Concluzii. Este cea mai simplæ metodæ de derivaflie urinaræ. Este uøor de efectuat, rapidæ, puflin øocantæ. Rata
complicafliilor imediate øi tardive este extrem de redusæ.